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6. COVID-19 trajectories among 57 million adults in England: a cohort study using electronic health records

Author

Abbasizanjani, Hoda, Ahmed, Nida, Ahmed, Badar, Akbari, Ashley, Akinoso-Imran, Abdul Qadr, Allara, Elias, Allery, Freya, Angelantonio, Emanuele Di, Ashworth, Mark, Ayyar-Gupta, Vandana, Babu-Narayan, Sonya, Bacon, Seb, Ball, Steve, Banerjee, Ami, Barber, Mark, Barrett, Jessica, Bennie, Marion, Berry, Colin, Beveridge, Jennifer, Birney, Ewan, Bojanić, Lana, Bolton, Thomas, Bone, Anna, Boyle, Jon, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Bray, Ben, Briffa, Norman, Brind, David, Brown, Katherine, Buch, Maya, Canoy, Dexter, Caputo, Massimo, Carragher, Raymond, Carson, Alan, Cezard, Genevieve, Chang, Jen-Yu Amy, Cheema, Kate, Chin, Richard, Chudasama, Yogini, Cooper, Jennifer, Copland, Emma, Crallan, Rebecca, Cripps, Rachel, Cromwell, David, Curcin, Vasa, Curry, Gwenetta, Dale, Caroline, Danesh, John, Das-Munshi, Jayati, Dashtban, Ashkan, Davies, Alun, Davies, Joanna, Davies, Gareth, Davies, Neil, Day, Joshua, Delmestri, Antonella, Denaxas, Spiros, Denholm, Rachel, Dennis, John, Denniston, Alastair, Deo, Salil, Dhillon, Baljean, Docherty, Annemarie, Dong, Tim, Douiri, Abdel, Downs, Johnny, Dregan, Alexandru, Ellins, Elizabeth A, Elwenspoek, Martha, Falck, Fabian, Falter, Florian, Fan, Yat Yi, Firth, Joseph, Fraser, Lorna, Friebel, Rocco, Gavrieli, Amir, Gerstung, Moritz, Gilbert, Ruth, Gillies, Clare, Glickman, Myer, Goldacre, Ben, Goldacre, Raph, Greaves, Felix, Green, Mark, Grieco, Luca, Griffiths, Rowena, Gurdasani, Deepti, Halcox, Julian, Hall, Nick, Hama, Tuankasfee, Handy, Alex, Hansell, Anna, Hardelid, Pia, Hardy, Flavien, Harris, Daniel, Harrison, Camille, Harron, Katie, Hassaine, Abdelaali, Hassan, Lamiece, Healey, Russell, Hemingway, Harry, Henderson, Angela, Herz, Naomi, Heyl, Johannes, Hidajat, Mira, Higginson, Irene, Hinchliffe, Rosie, Hippisley-Cox, Julia, Ho, Frederick, Hocaoglu, Mevhibe, Hollings, Sam, Horne, Elsie, Hughes, David, Humberstone, Ben, Inouye, Mike, Ip, Samantha, Islam, Nazrul, Jackson, Caroline, Jenkins, David, Jiang, Xiyun, Johnson, Shane, Kadam, Umesh, Kallis, Costas, Karim, Zainab, Kasan, Jake, Katsoulis, Michalis, Kavanagh, Kim, Kee, Frank, Keene, Spencer, Kent, Seamus, Khalid, Sara, Khawaja, Anthony, Khunti, Kamlesh, Killick, Richard, Kinnear, Deborah, Knight, Rochelle, Kolamunnage-Dona, Ruwanthi, Kontopantelis, Evan, Kurdi, Amanj, Lacey, Ben, Lai, Alvina, Lambarth, Andrew, Larzjan, Milad Nazarzadeh, Lawler, Deborah, Lawrence, Thomas, Lawson, Claire, Li, Qiuju, Li, Ken, Llinares, Miguel Bernabeu, Lorgelly, Paula, Lowe, Deborah, Lyons, Jane, Lyons, Ronan, Machado, Pedro, Macleod, Mary Joan, Macleod, John, Malgapo, Evaleen, Mamas, Mamas, Mamouei, Mohammad, Manohar, Sinduja, Mapeta, Rutendo, Martelli, Javiera Leniz, Martos, David Moreno, Mateen, Bilal, McCarthy, Aoife, Melville, Craig, Milton, Rebecca, Mizani, Mehrdad, Moncusi, Marta Pineda, Morales, Daniel, Mordi, Ify, Morrice, Lynn, Morris, Carole, Morris, Eva, Mu, Yi, Mueller, Tanja, Murdock, Lars, Nafilyan, Vahé, Nicholson, George, Nikiphorou, Elena, Nolan, John, Norris, Tom, Norris, Ruth, North, Laura, North, Teri-Louise, O'Connell, Dan, Oliver, Dominic, Oluyase, Adejoke, Olvera-Barrios, Abraham, Omigie, Efosa, Onida, Sarah, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Tom, Pasea, Laura, Patel, Riyaz, Payne, Rupert, Pell, Jill, Petitjean, Carmen, Pherwani, Arun, Pickrell, Owen, Pierotti, Livia, Pirmohamed, Munir, Priedon, Rouven, Prieto-Alhambra, Dani, Proudfoot, Alastair, Quinn, Terry, Quint, Jennifer, Raffetti, Elena, Rahimi, Kazem, Rao, Shishir, Razieh, Cameron, Roberts, Brian, Rogers, Caroline, Rossdale, Jennifer, Salim, Safa, Samani, Nilesh, Sattar, Naveed, Schnier, Christian, Schwartz, Roy, Selby, David, Seminog, Olena, Shabnam, Sharmin, Shah, Ajay, Shelton, Jon, Sheppard, James, Sinha, Shubhra, Skrypak, Mirek, Slapkova, Martina, Sleeman, Katherine, Smith, Craig, Sofat, Reecha, Sosenko, Filip, Sperrin, Matthew, Steeg, Sarah, Sterne, Jonathan, Stoica, Serban, Sudell, Maria, Sudlow, Cathie, Sun, Luanluan, Suseeladevi, Arun Karthikeyan, Sweeting, Michael, Sydes, Matt, Takhar, Rohan, Tang, Howard, Thygesen, Johan, Tilston, George, Tochel, Claire, Toit, Clea du, Tomlinson, Christopher, Toms, Renin, Torabi, Fatemeh, Torralbo, Ana, Townson, Julia, Tufail, Adnan, Tungamirai, Tapiwa, Varma, Susheel, Vollmer, Sebastian, Walker, Venexia, Wang, Tianxiao, Wang, Huan, Warwick, Alasdair, Watkinson, Ruth, Watson, Harry, Whiteley, William, Whittaker, Hannah, Wilde, Harry, Wilkinson, Tim, Williams, Gareth, Williams, Michelle, Williams, Richard, Withnell, Eloise, Wolfe, Charles, Wood, Angela, Wright, Lucy, Wu, Honghan, Wu, Jinge, Wu, Jianhua, Yates, Tom, Zaccardi, Francesco, Zhang, Haoting, Zhang, Huayu, Zuccolo, Luisa, Thygesen, Johan H, Mizani, Mehrdad A, Banerjee, Amitava, Lai, Alvina G, Li, Kezhi, Mateen, Bilal A, Sterne, Jonathan A C, Pagel, Christina, and Whiteley, William N

Published
2022
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8. Dynamics in quality of care : the case of readmission rates

Author

Friebel, Rocco, Aylin, Paul, and Hauck, Katharina

Subjects
362.1
Abstract

The robust measurement of quality in healthcare is a pre-requisite for monitoring health system performance and is key in driving health system improvements. Despite the rise in process and outcome indicators, little agreement exists amongst health experts regarding the suitability of a single metric to measure quality in healthcare across multiple dimensions, such as safety, effectiveness and efficiency. However, over the past decade, hospital emergency readmission rates have developed into a prominent marker of healthcare quality, with an enhanced policy focus on reducing readmission to improve quality. Particularly, in England following the 2010 government white paper Equity and Excellence: Liberating the NHS, several policies were introduced, including financial penalties for hospitals with excess readmission rates, or funding transfers to social care services to reduce future hospital readmissions. Despite this effort to reduce readmission rates, little is known in the literature about the impact of this enhanced policy focus in England and thus, in this thesis, I examine the dynamics in quality of care based on changes in readmission rates. Following a review of the literature on the methodological consideration when using readmission rates as a measure for healthcare quality, I assess trends and variation in readmission rates across NHS Trusts between 2006 and 2016. Next, I validate the readmission metric against patient-reported outcome measures in hip and knee replacement patients in chapter 4. The final two substantive chapters present an impact evaluation of two English health policies on quality of care, one national-level payment reform (i.e. financial penalties for hospitals with excess readmission rates), and one area-level health system reorganisation (i.e. centralisation of stroke care in London).

Published
2018
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10. Defining humanitarian surgery: international consensus in global surgery

Author

McKnight, Gerard, primary, Friebel, Rocco, additional, Marks, Isobel, additional, Almaqadma, Ahmed, additional, Youssef Seleem, Mohamed, additional, Tientcheu, Tim Fabrice, additional, Saleh, Raoof, additional, Ryan-Coker, Marcella, additional, Emodi, Rosemary, additional, Seida, Mai, additional, Barden, Jonathan, additional, Redmond, Anthony, additional, Amirtharajah, Mohana, additional, Wren, Sherry M, additional, Leather, Andrew, additional, and Hargest, Rachel, additional

Published
2024
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13. Comparing the dangers of a stay in English and German hospitals for high-need patients

Author

Friebel, Rocco, Henschke, Cornelia, and Maynou, Laia

Subjects
Medical care, Cost of -- Evaluation, Hospitals -- Evaluation -- United Kingdom -- Germany, Medical care -- Quality management, Business, Health care industry
Abstract

Objective: To estimate the risk of an avoidable adverse event for high-need patients in England and Germany and the causal impact that has on outcomes. Data Sources: We use administrative, secondary data for all hospital inpatients in 2018. Patient records for the English National Health Service are provided by the Hospital Episode Statistics database and for the German health care system accessed through the Research Data Center of the Federal Statistical Office. Study Design: We calculated rates of three hospital-acquired adverse events and their causal impact on mortality and length of stay through propensity score matching and estimation of average treatment effects. Data Collection/Extraction Methods: Patients were identified based on diagnoses codes and translated Patient Safety Indicators developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Principal Findings: For the average hospital stay, the risk of an adverse event was 5.37% in the English National Health Service and 3.26% in the German health care system. High-need patients are more likely to experience an adverse event, driven by hospital-acquired infections (2.06%-4.45%), adverse drug reactions (2.37%-2.49%), and pressure ulcers (2.25%-0.45%). Adverse event risk is particularly high for patients with advancing illnesses (10.50%-27.11%) and the frail elderly (17.75%-28.19%). Compared to the counterfactual, high-need patients with an adverse event are more likely to die during their hospital stay and experience a longer length of stay. Conclusions: High-need patients are particularly vulnerable with an adverse event risking further deterioration of health status and adding resource use. Our results indicate the need to assess the costs and benefits of a hospital stay, particularly when care could be provided in settings considered less hazardous. KEYWORDS adverse drug reaction, adverse events, high-need patients, hospital quality, infections, medical errors, patient safety, pressure ulcers What is known on this topic * Patient safety has been enshrined as a global health priority via a World Health Assembly Resolution in 2019, and many health systems in high-income countries have focused on safety for over 20 years. * Adverse events are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality with more than 23 million disability-adjusted life years lost globally every year. * The likelihood of an adverse event increases with patient complexity and the frequency of interaction with the health care system, suggesting that high-need patients may be disproportionately affected by patient safety failures. What this study adds * Despite significant differences in the way patient safety was addressed in the English National Health Service and German health care system, overall rates of adverse events differ only slightly. * On average, high-need patients are significantly more likely to experience one of three avoidable adverse events, subsequently increasing their morality risk and health service resource use. * Policy makers should consider the costs and benefits of a hospital stay for high-need patient groups, particularly when care could be provided outside the hospital environment or as a shorter length of stay., 1 | INTRODUCTION Health care systems across the world strive toward offering highquality care to all patients. This includes providing services in an environment that is safe to enable patients [...]

Published
2021
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15. Can sugar taxes be used for financing surgical systems in Nigeria? A mixed-methods political economy analysis.

Author

Ifeanyichi, Martilord, Dim, Cyril, Bognini, Maeve, Kebede, Meskerem, Singh, Darshita, Onwujekwe, Obinna, Hargest, Rachel, and Friebel, Rocco

Subjects
EXCISE tax, FISCAL policy, INTERNAL revenue, TAXATION, TAX rates
Abstract

This study determined the feasibility of investing revenues raised through Nigeria's sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax of 10 Naira/l to support the implementation of the National, Surgical, Obstetrics, Anaesthesia and Nursing Plan, which aims to strengthen access to surgical care in the country. We conducted a mixed-methods political economy analysis. This included a modelling exercise to predict the revenues from Nigeria's SSB tax based on its current tax rate over a period of 5 years, and for several scenarios such as a 20% ad valorem tax recommended by the World Health Organization. We performed a gap analysis to explore the differences between fiscal space provided by the tax and the implementation cost of the surgical plan. We conducted qualitative interviews with key stakeholders and performed thematic analyses to identify opportunities and barriers for financing surgery through tax revenues. At its current rate, the SSB tax policy has the potential to generate 35 914 111 USD in year 1, and 189 992 739 USD over 5 years. Compared with the 5-year adjusted surgical plan cost of 20 billion USD, the tax accounts for ∼1% of the investment required. There is a substantial scope for further increases in the tax rate in Nigeria, yielding potential revenues of up to 107 663 315 USD, annually. Despite an existing momentum to improve surgical care, there is no impetus to earmark sugar tax revenues for surgery. Primary healthcare and the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases present as the most favoured investment areas. Consensus within the medical community on importance of primary healthcare, along the recent government transition in Nigeria, offers a policy window for promoting a higher SSB tax rate and an adoption of other sin taxes to generate earmarked funds for the healthcare system. Evidence-based advocacy is necessary to promote the benefits from investing into surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Assessing the dangers of a hospital stay for patients with developmental disability In England, 2017-19

Author

Friebel, Rocco and Maynou, Laia

Subjects
RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Abstract

People with developmental disability have higher health care needs and lower life expectancy compared with the general population. Poor quality of care resulting from interpersonal and systemic discrimination may further entrench existing inequalities. We examined the prevalence of five avoidable in-hospital patient safety incidents (adverse drug reactions, hospital-acquired infections, pressure ulcers, postoperative pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis, and postoperative sepsis) for four developmental disability groups (people with intellectual disability, chromosomal abnormalities, pervasive developmental disorders, and congenital malformation syndrome) in the English National Health Service during the period April 2017-March 2019. We found that the likelihood of experiencing harm in disability groups was up to 2.7-fold higher than in patients without developmental disability. Patient safety incidents led to an excess length-of-stay in hospital of 3.6-15.4 days and an increased mortality risk of 1.4-15.0 percent. We show persisting quality differences in patients with developmental disability, requiring an explicit national policy focus on the needs of such patients to reduce inequalities, reach parity of care, and lower the burden on health system resources.

Published
2022

25. Delphi consensus building technique to propose guiding principles to embed real-world data and real-world evidence into decision-making for digital health technologies

Author

Srivastava, Divya, Henschke, Cornelia, Virtanen, Lotta, Lotman, Eno-Martin, and Friebel, Rocco

Subjects
real world data, big data, technology, Medicine and Health Sciences, digital health technologies, Apps, guidelines, Social and Behavioral Sciences, real world evidence
Abstract

The purpose of this Delphi consensus building exercise is to articulate guiding principles as the first step to embed real-world data (RWD) and real-world-evidence (RWE) in a systematic way into decision-making. The intended outcome of this exercise is that these guiding principles could inform a digital capability policy framework and support best practices in policy, regulation and harmonisation in the use of RWD and RWE to make health services targeted, efficient and responsive.

Published
2022
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26. Mapping global surgery research: A critical analysis of publications following the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery from 2015 to 2022

Author

Kebede, Meskerem, Tor, Deng, Betemariam, Tesfamariam, Singh, Darshita, Aderaw, Ezekiel, Dr.Adane Petros, and Friebel, Rocco

Subjects
Medicine and Health Sciences, Low and Middle Income Countries, Health Systems, Global Surgery, LMICs
Abstract

This is a Systematic Mapping of the Global Surgical research aimed to identify publication in Surgical Systems in Low and Middle-Income countries using the WHO Health Systems framework. The outputs will inform researchers and policy makes to identify evidence gaps.

Published
2022
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27. COVID-19 trajectories among 57 million adults in England: a cohort study using electronic health records

Author

Thygesen, Johan H, primary, Tomlinson, Christopher, additional, Hollings, Sam, additional, Mizani, Mehrdad A, additional, Handy, Alex, additional, Akbari, Ashley, additional, Banerjee, Amitava, additional, Cooper, Jennifer, additional, Lai, Alvina G, additional, Li, Kezhi, additional, Mateen, Bilal A, additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, Sofat, Reecha, additional, Torralbo, Ana, additional, Wu, Honghan, additional, Wood, Angela, additional, Sterne, Jonathan A C, additional, Pagel, Christina, additional, Whiteley, William N, additional, Sudlow, Cathie, additional, Hemingway, Harry, additional, Denaxas, Spiros, additional, Abbasizanjani, Hoda, additional, Ahmed, Nida, additional, Ahmed, Badar, additional, Akinoso-Imran, Abdul Qadr, additional, Allara, Elias, additional, Allery, Freya, additional, Angelantonio, Emanuele Di, additional, Ashworth, Mark, additional, Ayyar-Gupta, Vandana, additional, Babu-Narayan, Sonya, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Ball, Steve, additional, Banerjee, Ami, additional, Barber, Mark, additional, Barrett, Jessica, additional, Bennie, Marion, additional, Berry, Colin, additional, Beveridge, Jennifer, additional, Birney, Ewan, additional, Bojanić, Lana, additional, Bolton, Thomas, additional, Bone, Anna, additional, Boyle, Jon, additional, Braithwaite, Tasanee, additional, Bray, Ben, additional, Briffa, Norman, additional, Brind, David, additional, Brown, Katherine, additional, Buch, Maya, additional, Canoy, Dexter, additional, Caputo, Massimo, additional, Carragher, Raymond, additional, Carson, Alan, additional, Cezard, Genevieve, additional, Chang, Jen-Yu Amy, additional, Cheema, Kate, additional, Chin, Richard, additional, Chudasama, Yogini, additional, Copland, Emma, additional, Crallan, Rebecca, additional, Cripps, Rachel, additional, Cromwell, David, additional, Curcin, Vasa, additional, Curry, Gwenetta, additional, Dale, Caroline, additional, Danesh, John, additional, Das-Munshi, Jayati, additional, Dashtban, Ashkan, additional, Davies, Alun, additional, Davies, Joanna, additional, Davies, Gareth, additional, Davies, Neil, additional, Day, Joshua, additional, Delmestri, Antonella, additional, Denholm, Rachel, additional, Dennis, John, additional, Denniston, Alastair, additional, Deo, Salil, additional, Dhillon, Baljean, additional, Docherty, Annemarie, additional, Dong, Tim, additional, Douiri, Abdel, additional, Downs, Johnny, additional, Dregan, Alexandru, additional, Ellins, Elizabeth A, additional, Elwenspoek, Martha, additional, Falck, Fabian, additional, Falter, Florian, additional, Fan, Yat Yi, additional, Firth, Joseph, additional, Fraser, Lorna, additional, Friebel, Rocco, additional, Gavrieli, Amir, additional, Gerstung, Moritz, additional, Gilbert, Ruth, additional, Gillies, Clare, additional, Glickman, Myer, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Goldacre, Raph, additional, Greaves, Felix, additional, Green, Mark, additional, Grieco, Luca, additional, Griffiths, Rowena, additional, Gurdasani, Deepti, additional, Halcox, Julian, additional, Hall, Nick, additional, Hama, Tuankasfee, additional, Hansell, Anna, additional, Hardelid, Pia, additional, Hardy, Flavien, additional, Harris, Daniel, additional, Harrison, Camille, additional, Harron, Katie, additional, Hassaine, Abdelaali, additional, Hassan, Lamiece, additional, Healey, Russell, additional, Henderson, Angela, additional, Herz, Naomi, additional, Heyl, Johannes, additional, Hidajat, Mira, additional, Higginson, Irene, additional, Hinchliffe, Rosie, additional, Hippisley-Cox, Julia, additional, Ho, Frederick, additional, Hocaoglu, Mevhibe, additional, Horne, Elsie, additional, Hughes, David, additional, Humberstone, Ben, additional, Inouye, Mike, additional, Ip, Samantha, additional, Islam, Nazrul, additional, Jackson, Caroline, additional, Jenkins, David, additional, Jiang, Xiyun, additional, Johnson, Shane, additional, Kadam, Umesh, additional, Kallis, Costas, additional, Karim, Zainab, additional, Kasan, Jake, additional, Katsoulis, Michalis, additional, Kavanagh, Kim, additional, Kee, Frank, additional, Keene, Spencer, additional, Kent, Seamus, additional, Khalid, Sara, additional, Khawaja, Anthony, additional, Khunti, Kamlesh, additional, Killick, Richard, additional, Kinnear, Deborah, additional, Knight, Rochelle, additional, Kolamunnage-Dona, Ruwanthi, additional, Kontopantelis, Evan, additional, Kurdi, Amanj, additional, Lacey, Ben, additional, Lai, Alvina, additional, Lambarth, Andrew, additional, Larzjan, Milad Nazarzadeh, additional, Lawler, Deborah, additional, Lawrence, Thomas, additional, Lawson, Claire, additional, Li, Qiuju, additional, Li, Ken, additional, Llinares, Miguel Bernabeu, additional, Lorgelly, Paula, additional, Lowe, Deborah, additional, Lyons, Jane, additional, Lyons, Ronan, additional, Machado, Pedro, additional, Macleod, Mary Joan, additional, Macleod, John, additional, Malgapo, Evaleen, additional, Mamas, Mamas, additional, Mamouei, Mohammad, additional, Manohar, Sinduja, additional, Mapeta, Rutendo, additional, Martelli, Javiera Leniz, additional, Martos, David Moreno, additional, Mateen, Bilal, additional, McCarthy, Aoife, additional, Melville, Craig, additional, Milton, Rebecca, additional, Mizani, Mehrdad, additional, Moncusi, Marta Pineda, additional, Morales, Daniel, additional, Mordi, Ify, additional, Morrice, Lynn, additional, Morris, Carole, additional, Morris, Eva, additional, Mu, Yi, additional, Mueller, Tanja, additional, Murdock, Lars, additional, Nafilyan, Vahé, additional, Nicholson, George, additional, Nikiphorou, Elena, additional, Nolan, John, additional, Norris, Tom, additional, Norris, Ruth, additional, North, Laura, additional, North, Teri-Louise, additional, O'Connell, Dan, additional, Oliver, Dominic, additional, Oluyase, Adejoke, additional, Olvera-Barrios, Abraham, additional, Omigie, Efosa, additional, Onida, Sarah, additional, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Pasea, Laura, additional, Patel, Riyaz, additional, Payne, Rupert, additional, Pell, Jill, additional, Petitjean, Carmen, additional, Pherwani, Arun, additional, Pickrell, Owen, additional, Pierotti, Livia, additional, Pirmohamed, Munir, additional, Priedon, Rouven, additional, Prieto-Alhambra, Dani, additional, Proudfoot, Alastair, additional, Quinn, Terry, additional, Quint, Jennifer, additional, Raffetti, Elena, additional, Rahimi, Kazem, additional, Rao, Shishir, additional, Razieh, Cameron, additional, Roberts, Brian, additional, Rogers, Caroline, additional, Rossdale, Jennifer, additional, Salim, Safa, additional, Samani, Nilesh, additional, Schnier, Christian, additional, Schwartz, Roy, additional, Selby, David, additional, Seminog, Olena, additional, Shabnam, Sharmin, additional, Shah, Ajay, additional, Shelton, Jon, additional, Sheppard, James, additional, Sinha, Shubhra, additional, Skrypak, Mirek, additional, Slapkova, Martina, additional, Sleeman, Katherine, additional, Smith, Craig, additional, Sosenko, Filip, additional, Sperrin, Matthew, additional, Steeg, Sarah, additional, Sterne, Jonathan, additional, Stoica, Serban, additional, Sudell, Maria, additional, Sun, Luanluan, additional, Suseeladevi, Arun Karthikeyan, additional, Sweeting, Michael, additional, Sydes, Matt, additional, Takhar, Rohan, additional, Tang, Howard, additional, Thygesen, Johan, additional, Tilston, George, additional, Tochel, Claire, additional, Toit, Clea du, additional, Toms, Renin, additional, Torabi, Fatemeh, additional, Townson, Julia, additional, Tufail, Adnan, additional, Tungamirai, Tapiwa, additional, Varma, Susheel, additional, Vollmer, Sebastian, additional, Walker, Venexia, additional, Wang, Tianxiao, additional, Wang, Huan, additional, Warwick, Alasdair, additional, Watkinson, Ruth, additional, Watson, Harry, additional, Whiteley, William, additional, Whittaker, Hannah, additional, Wilde, Harry, additional, Wilkinson, Tim, additional, Williams, Gareth, additional, Williams, Michelle, additional, Williams, Richard, additional, Withnell, Eloise, additional, Wolfe, Charles, additional, Wright, Lucy, additional, Wu, Jinge, additional, Wu, Jianhua, additional, Yates, Tom, additional, Zaccardi, Francesco, additional, Zhang, Haoting, additional, Zhang, Huayu, additional, and Zuccolo, Luisa, additional

Published
2022
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30. sj-pdf-1-jrs-10.1177_01410768221077360 - Supplemental material for Trends and characteristics of hospitalisations from the harmful use of opioids in England between 2008 and 2018: Population-based retrospective cohort study

Author

Friebel, Rocco and Maynou, Laia

Subjects
body regions, Medicine, humanities
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jrs-10.1177_01410768221077360 for Trends and characteristics of hospitalisations from the harmful use of opioids in England between 2008 and 2018: Population-based retrospective cohort study by Rocco Friebel and Laia Maynou in Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine

Published
2022
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31. sj-pdf-2-jrs-10.1177_01410768221077360 - Supplemental material for Trends and characteristics of hospitalisations from the harmful use of opioids in England between 2008 and 2018: Population-based retrospective cohort study

Author

Friebel, Rocco and Maynou, Laia

Subjects
body regions, Medicine, humanities
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-jrs-10.1177_01410768221077360 for Trends and characteristics of hospitalisations from the harmful use of opioids in England between 2008 and 2018: Population-based retrospective cohort study by Rocco Friebel and Laia Maynou in Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine

Published
2022
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34. Value assessment and decision-making: how to move health systems forward?

Author

Wallenburg, Iris and Friebel, Rocco

Subjects
DECISION making, HEALTH care rationing, DRUG prices, DRUG price laws, ELECTRONIC health records, HEALTH care reform
Abstract

This article discusses the challenges faced by governments in developing sustainable health systems in the aftermath of the pandemic. It focuses on the need for value assessment and decision-making in allocating scarce resources. The authors present seven articles that explore these issues in various European countries and Australia, with a particular emphasis on economic valuation methods and technical tools. The articles cover topics such as transparency and moral justification in health technology assessment, the impact of wealth on health expenditure, drug pricing, hospital pricing practices, local health policy making, and the introduction of new technologies in healthcare. Overall, the articles provide insights into the complexities and policies of contemporary health systems and their connection to economic instruments and policy making. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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36. Work and home productivity of people living with HIV in Zambia and South Africa

Author

Thomas, Ranjeeta, Friebel, Rocco, Barker, Kerrie, Mwenge, Lawrence, Kanema, Sarah, Vanqa, Nosivuyile, Harper, Abigail, Bell-Mandla, Nomtha, Smith, Peter C, Floyd, Sian, Bock, Peter, Ayles, Helen, Fidler, Sarah, Hayes, Richard, Hauck, Katharina, HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Team, National Institute for Health Research, Pepfar, NIAID, NIMH, NIDA, BMGF, Medical Research Council (MRC), Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, National Institutes of Health, and Department for International Development (UK) (DFI

Subjects
Male, ABSENTEEISM, 0301 basic medicine, IMPACT, Cross-sectional study, COUNT, Psychological intervention, Ethnic group, HIV Infections, Efficiency, informal sector, South Africa, INITIATION, 0302 clinical medicine, ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, Health care, Immunology and Allergy, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, 10. No inequality, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, education.field_of_study, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, 1. No poverty, virus diseases, Recreational drug use, sickness days, 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, 3. Good health, AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Geography, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, HIV/AIDS, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, Adolescent, Epidemiology and Social, Immunology, Population, Zambia, labour productivity, Biostatistics, HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Team, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Humans, COHORT, education, Science & Technology, business.industry, economics, PERFORMANCE, 06 Biological Sciences, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, business, Demography
Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Objective: To compare number of days lost to illness or accessing healthcare for HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals working in the informal and formal sectors in South Africa and Zambia. Design: As part of the HPTN 071 (PopART) study, data on adults aged 18–44 years were gathered from cross-sectional surveys of random general population samples in 21 communities in Zambia and South Africa. Data on the number of productive days lost in the last 3 months, laboratory-confirmed HIV status, labour force status, age, ethnicity, education, and recreational drug use was collected. Methods: Differences in productive days lost between HIV-negative and HIV-positive individuals (’excess productive days lost’) were estimated with negative binomial models, and results disaggregated for HIV-positive individuals after various durations on antiretroviral treatment (ART). Results: From samples of 19 330 respondents in Zambia and 18 004 respondents in South Africa, HIV-positive individuals lost more productive days to illness than HIV-negative individuals in both countries. HIV-positive individuals in Zambia lost 0.74 excess productive days [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48–1.01; P

Published
2019

48. Centralisation of acute stroke services in London: Impact evaluation using two treatment groups.

Author

Friebel, Rocco, Hauck, Katharina, and Aylin, Paul

Abstract

The bundling of clinical expertise in centralised treatment centres is considered an effective intervention to improve quality and efficiency of acute stroke care. In 2010, 8 London Trusts were converted into Hyper Acute Stroke Units. The intention was to discontinue acute stroke services in 22 London hospitals. However, in reality, provision of services declined only gradually, and 2 years later, 15% of all patients were still treated in Trusts without a Hyper Acute Stroke Unit. This study evaluates the impact of centralising London's stroke care on 7 process and outcome indicators using a difference-in-difference analysis with two treatment groups, Hyper Acute and discontinued London Trusts, and data on all stroke patients recorded in the hospital episode statistics database from April 2006 to April 2014. The policy resulted in improved thrombolysis treatment and lower rates of pneumonia in acute units. However, 6 indicators worsened in the Trusts that were meant to discontinue services, including deaths within 7 and 30 days, readmissions, brain scan rates, and thrombolysis treatment. The reasons for these results are difficult to uncover and could be related to differences in patient complexity, data recording, or quality of care. The findings highlight that actual implementation of centralisation policies needs careful monitoring and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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