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1. Ordered magnetic fields around the 3C 84 central black hole

Author

Paraschos, G. F., Kim, J. -Y., Wielgus, M., Röder, J., Krichbaum, T. P., Ros, E., Agudo, I., Myserlis, I., Moscibrodzka, M., Traianou, E., Zensus, J. A., Blackburn, L., Chan, C. -K., Issaoun, S., Janssen, M., Johnson, M. D., Fish, V. L., Akiyama, K., Alberdi, A., Alef, W., Algaba, J. C., Anantua, R., Asada, K., Azulay, R., Bach, U., Baczko, A. -K., Ball, D., Baloković, M., Barrett, J., Bauböck, M., Benson, B. A., Bintley, D., Blundell, R., Bouman, K. L., Bower, G. C., Boyce, H., Bremer, M., Brinkerink, C. D., Brissenden, R., Britzen, S., Broderick, A. E., Broguiere, D., Bronzwaer, T., Bustamante, S., Byun, D. -Y., Carlstrom, J. E., Ceccobello, C., Chael, A., Chang, D. O., Chatterjee, K., Chatterjee, S., Chen, M. T., Chen, Y., Cheng, X., Cho, I., Christian, P., Conroy, N. S., Conway, J. E., Cordes, J. M., Crawford, T. M., Crew, G. B., Cruz-Osorio, A., Cui, Y., Dahale, R., Davelaar, J., De Laurentis, M., Deane, R., Dempsey, J., Desvignes, G., Dexter, J., Dhruv, V., Doeleman, S. S., Dougal, S., Dzib, S. A., Eatough, R. P., Emami, R., Falcke, H., Farah, J., Fomalont, E., Ford, H. A., Foschi, M., Fraga-Encinas, R., Freeman, W. T., Friberg, P., Fromm, C. M., Fuentes, A., Galison, P., Gammie, C. F., García, R., Gentaz, O., Georgiev, B., Goddi, C., Gold, R., Gómez-Ruiz, A. I., Gómez, J. L., Gu, M., Gurwell, M., Hada, K., Haggard, D., Haworth, K., Hecht, M. H., Hesper, R., Heumann, D., Ho, L. C., Ho, P., Honma, M., Huang, C. L., Huang, L., Hughes, D. H., Ikeda, S., Impellizzeri, C. M. V., Inoue, M., James, D. J., Jannuzi, B. T., Jeter, B., Jaing, W., Jiménez-Rosales, A., Jorstad, S., Joshi, A. V., Jung, T., Karami, M., Karuppusamy, R., Kawashima, T., Keating, G. K., Kettenis, M., Kim, D. -J., Kim, J., Kino, M., Koay, J. Y., Kocherlakota, P., Kofuji, Y., Koch, P. M., Koyama, S., Kramer, C., Kramer, J. A., Kramer, M., Kuo, C. -Y., La Bella, N., Lauer, T. R., Lee, D., Lee, S. -S., Leung, P. K., Levis, A., Li, Z., Lico, R., Lindahl, G., Lindqvist, M., Lisakov, M., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liuzzo, E., Lo, W. -P., Lobanov, A. P., Loinard, L., Lonsdale, C. J., Lowitz, A. E., Lu, R. -S., MacDonald, N. R., Mao, J., Marchili, N., Markoff, S., Marrone, D. P., Marscher, A. P., Martí-Vidal, I., Matsushita, S., Matthews, L. D., Medeiros, L., Menten, K. M., Michalik, D., Mizuno, I., Mizuno, Y., Moran, J. M., Moriyama, K., Mulaudzi, W., Müller, C., Müller, H., Mus, A., Musoke, G., Nadolski, A., Nagai, H., Nagar, N. M., Nakamura, M., Narayanan, G., Natarajan, I., Nathanail, A., Fuentes, S. Navarro, Neilsen, J., Neri, R., Ni, C., Noutsos, A., Nowak, M. A., Oh, J., Okino, H., Olivares, H., Ortiz-León, G. N., Oyama, T., Özel, F., Palumbo, D. C. M., Park, J., Parsons, H., Patel, N., Pen, U. -L., Piétu, V., Plambeck, R., PopStefanija, A., Porth, O., Pötzl, F. M., Prather, B., Preciado-López, J. A., Psaltis, D., Pu, H. -Y., Ramakrishnan, V., Rao, R., Rawlings, M. G., Raymond, A. W., Rezzolla, L., Ricarte, A., Ripperda, B., Roelofs, F., Rogers, A., Romero-Cañizales, C., Roshanineshat, A., Rottmann, H., Roy, A. L., Ruiz, I., Ruszczyk, C., Rygl, K. L. J., Sánchez, S., Sánchez-Argüelles, D., Sánchez-Portal, M., Sasada, M., Satapathy, K., Savolainen, T., Schloerb, F. P., Schonfeld, J., Schuster, K., Shao, L., Shen, Z., Small, D., Sohn, B. W., SooHoo, J., Salas, L. D. Sosapanta, Souccar, K., Sun, H., Tazaki, F., Tetarenko, A. J., Tiede, P., Tilanus, R. P. J., Titus, M., Torne, P., Toscano, T., Trent, T., Trippe, S., Turk, M., van Bemmel, I., van Langevelde, H. J., van Rossum, D. R., Vos, J., Wagner, J., Ward-Thompson, D., Wardle, J., Washington, J. E., Weintroub, J., Wharton, R., Wiik, K., Witzel, G., Wondrak, M. F., Wong, G. N., Wu, Q., Yadlapalli, N., Yamaguchi, P., Yfantis, A., Yoon, D., Young, A., Young, K., Younsi, Z., Yu, W., Yuan, F., Yuan, Y. -F., Zhang, S., Zhao, G. Y., and Zhao, S. -S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

3C84 is a nearby radio source with a complex total intensity structure, showing linear polarisation and spectral patterns. A detailed investigation of the central engine region necessitates the use of VLBI above the hitherto available maximum frequency of 86GHz. Using ultrahigh resolution VLBI observations at the highest available frequency of 228GHz, we aim to directly detect compact structures and understand the physical conditions in the compact region of 3C84. We used EHT 228GHz observations and, given the limited (u,v)-coverage, applied geometric model fitting to the data. We also employed quasi-simultaneously observed, multi-frequency VLBI data for the source in order to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the core structure. We report the detection of a highly ordered, strong magnetic field around the central, SMBH of 3C84. The brightness temperature analysis suggests that the system is in equipartition. We determined a turnover frequency of $\nu_m=(113\pm4)$GHz, a corresponding synchrotron self-absorbed magnetic field of $B_{SSA}=(2.9\pm1.6)$G, and an equipartition magnetic field of $B_{eq}=(5.2\pm0.6)$G. Three components are resolved with the highest fractional polarisation detected for this object ($m_\textrm{net}=(17.0\pm3.9)$%). The positions of the components are compatible with those seen in low-frequency VLBI observations since 2017-2018. We report a steeply negative slope of the spectrum at 228GHz. We used these findings to test models of jet formation, propagation, and Faraday rotation in 3C84. The findings of our investigation into different flow geometries and black hole spins support an advection-dominated accretion flow in a magnetically arrested state around a rapidly rotating supermassive black hole as a model of the jet-launching system in the core of 3C84. However, systematic uncertainties due to the limited (u,v)-coverage, however, cannot be ignored., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, published in A&A

Published
2024
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2. Filamentary Network and Magnetic Field Structures Revealed with BISTRO in the High-Mass Star-Forming Region NGC2264 : Global Properties and Local Magnetogravitational Configurations

Author

Wang, Jia-Wei, Koch, Patrick M., Clarke, Seamus D., Fuller, Gary, Peretto, Nicolas, Tang, Ya-Wen, Yen, Hsi-Wei, Lai, Shih-Ping, Ohashi, Nagayoshi, Arzoumanian, Doris, Johnstone, Doug, Furuya, Ray, Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro, Lee, Chang Won, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Gouellec, Valentin J. M. Le, Liu, Hong-Li, Fanciullo, Lapo, Hwang, Jihye, Pattle, Kate, Poidevin, Frédérick, Tahani, Mehrnoosh, Onaka, Takashi, Rawlings, Mark G., Chung, Eun Jung, Liu, Junhao, Lyo, A-Ran, Priestley, Felix, Hoang, Thiem, Tamura, Motohide, Berry, David, Bastien, Pierre, Ching, Tao-Chung, Coudé, Simon, Kwon, Woojin, Chen, Mike, Eswaraiah, Chakali, Soam, Archana, Hasegawa, Tetsuo, Qiu, Keping, Bourke, Tyler L., Byun, Do-Young, Chen, Zhiwei, Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien, Chen, Wen Ping, Cho, Jungyeon, Choi, Minho, Choi, Yunhee, Choi, Youngwoo, Chrysostomou, Antonio, Dai, Sophia, Di Francesco, James, Diep, Pham Ngoc, Doi, Yasuo, Duan, Yan, Duan, Hao-Yuan, Eden, David, Fiege, Jason, Fissel, Laura M., Franzmann, Erica, Friberg, Per, Friesen, Rachel, Gledhill, Tim, Graves, Sarah, Greaves, Jane, Griffin, Matt, Gu, Qilao, Han, Ilseung, Hayashi, Saeko, Houde, Martin, Inoue, Tsuyoshi, Iwasaki, Kazunari, Jeong, Il-Gyo, Könyves, Vera, Kang, Ji-hyun, Kang, Miju, Karoly, Janik, Kataoka, Akimasa, Kawabata, Koji, Khan, Zacariyya, Kim, Mi-Ryang, Kim, Kee-Tae, Kim, Kyoung Hee, Kim, Shinyoung, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, Hyosung, Kim, Gwanjeong, Kirchschlager, Florian, Kirk, Jason, Kobayashi, Masato I. N., Kusune, Takayoshi, Kwon, Jungmi, Lacaille, Kevin, Law, Chi-Yan, Lee, Sang-Sung, Lee, Hyeseung, Lee, Jeong-Eun, Lee, Chin-Fei, Li, Dalei, Li, Hua-bai, Li, Guangxing, Li, Di, Lin, Sheng-Jun, Liu, Tie, Liu, Sheng-Yuan, Lu, Xing, Mairs, Steve, Matsumura, Masafumi, Matthews, Brenda, Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald, Nagata, Tetsuya, Nakamura, Fumitaka, Nakanishi, Hiroyuki, Ngoc, Nguyen Bich, Park, Geumsook, Parsons, Harriet, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Qian, Lei, Rao, Ramprasad, Rawlings, Jonathan, Retter, Brendan, Richer, John, Rigby, Andrew, Sadavoy, Sarah, Saito, Hiro, Savini, Giorgio, Seta, Masumichi, Sharma, Ekta, Shimajiri, Yoshito, Shinnaga, Hiroko, Tang, Xindi, Thuong, Hoang Duc, Tomisaka, Kohji, Tram, Le Ngoc, Tsukamoto, Yusuke, Viti, Serena, Wang, Hongchi, Whitworth, Anthony, Wu, Jintai, Xie, Jinjin, Yang, Meng-Zhe, Yoo, Hyunju, Yuan, Jinghua, Yun, Hyeong-Sik, Zenko, Tetsuya, Zhang, Chuan-Peng, Zhang, Yapeng, Zhang, Guoyin, Zhou, Jianjun, Zhu, Lei, de Looze, Ilse, André, Philippe, Dowell, C. Darren, Eyres, Stewart, Falle, Sam, Robitaille, Jean-François, and van Loo, Sven

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report 850 $\mu$m continuum polarization observations toward the filamentary high-mass star-forming region NGC 2264, taken as part of the B-fields In STar forming Regions Observations (BISTRO) large program on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). These data reveal a well-structured non-uniform magnetic field in the NGC 2264C and 2264D regions with a prevailing orientation around 30 deg from north to east. Field strengths estimates and a virial analysis for the major clumps indicate that NGC 2264C is globally dominated by gravity while in 2264D magnetic, gravitational, and kinetic energies are roughly balanced. We present an analysis scheme that utilizes the locally resolved magnetic field structures, together with the locally measured gravitational vector field and the extracted filamentary network. From this, we infer statistical trends showing that this network consists of two main groups of filaments oriented approximately perpendicular to one another. Additionally, gravity shows one dominating converging direction that is roughly perpendicular to one of the filament orientations, which is suggestive of mass accretion along this direction. Beyond these statistical trends, we identify two types of filaments. The type-I filament is perpendicular to the magnetic field with local gravity transitioning from parallel to perpendicular to the magnetic field from the outside to the filament ridge. The type-II filament is parallel to the magnetic field and local gravity. We interpret these two types of filaments as originating from the competition between radial collapsing, driven by filament self-gravity, and the longitudinal collapsing, driven by the region's global gravity., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 43 pages, 32 figures, and 4 tables (including Appendix)

Published
2024

4. Standardised and automated assessment of head computed tomography reliably predicts poor functional outcome after cardiac arrest: a prospective multicentre study

Author

Lang, Margareta, Kenda, Martin, Scheel, Michael, Martola, Juha, Wheeler, Matthew, Owen, Stephanie, Johnsson, Mikael, Annborn, Martin, Dankiewicz, Josef, Deye, Nicolas, Düring, Joachim, Friberg, Hans, Halliday, Thomas, Jakobsen, Janus Christian, Lascarrou, Jean-Baptiste, Levin, Helena, Lilja, Gisela, Lybeck, Anna, McGuigan, Peter, Rylander, Christian, Sem, Victoria, Thomas, Matthew, Ullén, Susann, Undén, Johan, Wise, Matt P., Cronberg, Tobias, Wassélius, Johan, Nielsen, Niklas, Leithner, Christoph, and Moseby-Knappe, Marion

Published
2024
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5. The Integration of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning into the Discipline of Communication Sciences and Disorders

Author

Friberg, Jennifer, Hoepner, Jerry K., Sauerwein, Allison M., and Mandulak, Kerry

Abstract

McKinney (2018) has argued that for the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) to advance within a discipline, the integration of SoTL must be closely examined and opportunities for growth in SoTL must be recognized and discussed. To that end, this paper reflects on the degree to which SoTL is integrated into communication sciences and disorders (CSD) by examining a variety of topics: perspectives and theories historically valued by our discipline, existing supports for SoTL at various levels (i.e., individual teacher-scholars, departments, institutions, and the CSD discipline as a whole), the application of SoTL findings in teaching and learning. Four specific recommendations are made because of this examination and reflection.

Published
2023

6. Reimagining the 4M Framework in Educational Development for SoTL

Author

Frake-Mistak, Mandy, Friberg, Jennifer, and Hamilton, Melanie

Abstract

In this paper, we seek to contextualize our work in SoTL-focused educational development and those who work to support others in SoTL, as interstitially spaced across the 4M Framework, re-envisioned as a flexible but formalized professional continua. The establishment of a model for educational development SoTL-related activity allows for the opportunity to explore how this work is done in a systematic manner. We offer our ideas and visions through, what we term, the 4M Continua for Educational Development as a possible understanding of the work that SoTL-focused educational developers do, as well as those who engage in educational development more broadly. While the 4M Framework provides a guide through four interrelated organizational lenses: micro; meso; macro; and mega, we have adapted a model to situate educational development work using the 4M Framework to inform the ways in which we do, contribute to, consume, advocate, and support SoTL broadly, including at local, provincial, national, and international levels. The 4M Continua can be an avenue for those who do educational development to describe their work, where the work is situated, and how support can be offered throughout the community.

Published
2023

7. Metadata for the Flux Density Calibration of the April 2018 Event Horizon Telescope Data

Author

Koay, J. Y., Romero-Cañizales, C., Matthews, L. D., Janssen, M., Blackburn, L., Tilanus, R. P. J., Park, J., Asada, K., Matsushita, S., Baczko, A. -K., La Bella, N., Chan, C. -K., Crew, G. B., Fish, V., Patel, N., Ramakrishnan, V., Rottmann, H., Wagner, J., Wiik, K., Friberg, P., Goddi, C., Issaoun, S., Keating, G., Kim, J., Krichbaum, T. P., Marrone, D., Narayanan, G., Roy, A., Ruíz, I., Sánchez, S., Torne, P., and Weintroub, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations carried out in 2018 April at 1.3 mm wavelengths included 9 stations in the array, comprising 7 single-dish telescopes and 2 phased arrays. The metadata package for the 2018 EHT observing campaign contains calibration tables required for the a-priori amplitude calibration of the 2018 April visibility data. This memo is the official documentation accompanying the release of the 2018 EHT metadata package, providing an overview of the contents of the package. We describe how telescope sensitivities, gain curves and other relevant parameters for each station in the EHT array were collected, processed, and validated to produce the calibration tables., Comment: 26 pages, 7 figures, EHT Memo Series 2023-L1-01

Published
2023

8. Geometric phase and wave-particle duality of the photon

Author

Pillinen, Elvis, Halder, Atri, Friberg, Ari T., Setälä, Tero, and Norrman, Andreas

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

The concepts of geometric phase and wave-particle duality are interlinked to several fundamental phenomena in quantum physics, but their mutual relationship still forms an uncharted open problem. Here we address this question by studying the geometric phase of a photon in double-slit interference. We especially discover a general complementarity relation for the photon that connects the geometric phase it exhibits in the observation plane and the which-path information it encases at the two slits. The relation can be seen as quantifying wave-particle duality of the photon via the geometric phase, thus corroborating a foundational link between two ubiquitous notions in quantum physics research.

Published
2023

9. What Do 3-6-Year-Old Children in Finland Know about Sexuality? A Child Interview Study in Early Education

Author

Raisa Cacciatore, Lotta Öhrmark, Julia Kontio, Dan Apter, Susanne Ingman-Friberg, Markus Jokela, Nina Sajaniemi, Julia Korkman, and Riittakerttu Kaltiala

Abstract

Only a very few studies to date have comprehensively assessed children's knowledge of sexuality. In this study, we examined the level of sexual knowledge among children aged 3-6 years in Finland. We analysed children's explanations of what they saw in drawings related to genital naming, conception and childbirth, safety skills, and adult sexual activity. Levels of knowledge were generally low. The largest number of correct answers were given for genital naming and safety skills. Knowledge increased with age. Children's gender was not related to their total level of knowledge. There was a correlation between children's ability to name their genitals and their knowledge of safety skills. The results suggest that only what is known about can be protected. Building on the findings of this study, age-appropriate sexuality education should be provided to all children.

Published
2024
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15. Increase in peg-asparaginase clearance as a predictor for inactivation in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Author

Dam, Merete, Centanni, Maddalena, Friberg, Lena E., Centanni, Daniel, Karlsson, Mats O., Stensig Lynggaard, Line, Johannsdottir, Inga Maria, Wik, Hilde Skuterud, Malmros, Johan, Vaitkeviciene, Goda Elizabeta, Griskevicius, Laimonas, Hallböök, Helene, Jónsson, Ólafur Gísli, Overgaard, Ulrik, Schmiegelow, Kjeld, Hansen, Stefan Nygaard, Heyman, Mats, and Albertsen, Birgitte Klug

Published
2024
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16. A search for pulsars around Sgr A* in the first Event Horizon Telescope dataset

Author

Torne, Pablo, Liu, Kuo, Eatough, Ralph P., Wongphechauxsorn, Jompoj, Cordes, James M., Desvignes, Gregory, De Laurentis, Mariafelicia, Kramer, Michael, Ransom, Scott M., Chatterjee, Shami, Wharton, Robert, Karuppusamy, Ramesh, Blackburn, Lindy, Janssen, Michael, Chan, Chi-kwan, Crew, Geoffrey B., Matthews, Lynn D., Goddi, Ciriaco, Rottmann, Helge, Wagner, Jan, Sanchez, Salvador, Ruiz, Ignacio, Abbate, Federico, Bower, Geoffrey C., Salamanca, Juan J., Gomez-Ruiz, Arturo I., Herrera-Aguilar, Alfredo, Jiang, Wu, Lu, Ru-Sen, Pen, Ue-Li, Raymond, Alexander W., Shao, Lijing, Shen, Zhiqiang, Paubert, Gabriel, Sanchez-Portal, Miguel, Kramer, Carsten, Castillo, Manuel, Navarro, Santiago, John, David, Schuster, Karl-Friedrich, Johnson, Michael D., Rygl, Kazi L. J., Akiyama, Kazunori, Alberdi, Antxon, Alef, Walter, Algaba, Juan Carlos, Anantua, Richard, Asada, Keiichi, Azulay, Rebecca, Bach, Uwe, Baczko, Anne-Kathrin, Ball, David, Balokovic, Mislav, Barrett, John, Bauboeck, Michi, Benson, Bradford A., Bintley, Dan, Blundell, Raymond, Bouman, Katherine L., Boyce, Hope, Bremer, Michael, Brinkerink, Christiaan D., Brissenden, Roger, Britzen, Silke, Broderick, Avery E., Broguiere, Dominique, Bronzwaer, Thomas, Bustamante, Sandra, Byun, Do-Young, Carlstrom, John E., Ceccobello, Chiara, Chael, Andrew, Chang, Dominic O., Chatterjee, Koushik, Chen, Ming-Tang, Chen, Yongjun, Cheng, Xiaopeng, Cho, Ilje, Christian, Pierre, Conroy, Nicholas S., Conway, John E., Crawford, Thomas M., Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro, Cui, Yuzhu, Dahale, Rohan, Davelaar, Jordy, Deane, Roger, Dempsey, Jessica, Dexter, Jason, Dhruv, Vedant, Doeleman, Sheperd S., Dougal, Sean, Dzib, Sergio A., Emami, Razieh, Falcke, Heino, Farah, Joseph, Fish, Vincent L., Fomalont, Ed, Ford, H. Alyson, Foschi, Marianna, Fraga-Encinas, Raquel, Freeman, William T., Friberg, Per, Fromm, Christian M., Fuentes, Antonio, Galison, Peter, Gammie, Charles F., Garcia, Roberto, Gentaz, Olivier, Georgiev, Boris, Gold, Roman, Gomez, Jose L., Gu, Minfeng, Gurwell, Mark, Hada, Kazuhiro, Haggard, Daryl, Haworth, Kari, Hecht, Michael H., Hesper, Ronald, Heumann, Dirk, Ho, Luis C., Ho, Paul, Honma, Mareki, Huang, Chih-Wei L., Huang, Lei, Hughes, David H., Ikeda, Shiro, Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette, Inoue, Makoto, Issaoun, Sara, James, David J., Jannuzi, Buell T., Jeter, Britton, Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra, Jorstad, Svetlana, Joshi, Abhishek V., Jung, Taehyun, Karami, Mansour, Kawashima, Tomohisa, Keating, Garrett K., Kettenis, Mark, Kim, Dong-Jin, Kim, Jae-Young, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, Junhan, Kino, Motoki, Koay, Jun Yi, Kocherlakota, Prashant, Kofuji, Yutaro, Koyama, Shoko, Krichbaum, Thomas P., Kuo, Cheng-Yu, La Bella, Noemi, Lauer, Tod R., Lee, Daeyoung, Lee, Sang-Sung, Leung, Po Kin, Levis, Aviad, Li, Zhiyuan, Lico, Rocco, Lindahl, Greg, Lindqvist, Michael, Lisakov, Mikhail, Liu, Jun, Liuzzo, Elisabetta, Lo, Wen-Ping, Lobanov, Andrei P., Loinard, Laurent, Lonsdale, Colin J., MacDonald, Nicholas R., Mao, Jirong, Marchili, Nicola, Markoff, Sera, Marrone, Daniel P., Marscher, Alan P., Marti-Vidal, Ivan, Matsushita, Satoki, Medeiros, Lia, Menten, Karl M., Michalik, Daniel, Mizuno, Izumi, Mizuno, Yosuke, Moran, James M., Moriyama, Kotaro, Moscibrodzka, Monika, Muller, Cornelia, Muller, Hendrik, Mus, Alejandro, Musoke, Gibwa, Myserlis, Ioannis, Nadolski, Andrew, Nagai, Hiroshi, Nagar, Neil M., Nakamura, Masanori, Narayan, Ramesh, Narayanan, Gopal, Natarajan, Iniyan, Nathanail, Antonios, Neilsen, Joey, Neri, Roberto, Ni, Chunchong, Noutsos, Aristeidis, Nowak, Michael A., Oh, Junghwan, Okino, Hiroki, Olivares, Hector, Ortiz-Leon, Gisela N., Oyama, Tomoaki, Ozel, Feryal, Palumbo, Daniel C. M., Paraschos, Georgios Filippos, Park, Jongho, Parsons, Harriet, Patel, Nimesh, Pesce, Dominic W., Pietu, Vincent, Plambeck, Richard, PopStefanija, Aleksandar, Porth, Oliver, Potzl, Felix M., Prather, Ben, Preciado-Lopez, Jorge A., Psaltis, Dimitrios, Pu, Hung-Yi, Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh, Rao, Ramprasad, Rawlings, Mark G., Rezzolla, Luciano, Ricarte, Angelo, Ripperda, Bart, Roelofs, Freek, Rogers, Alan, Ros, Eduardo, Romero-Cañizales, Cristina, Roshanineshat, Arash, Roy, Alan L., Ruszczyk, Chet, Sanchez-Arguelles, David, Sasada, Mahito, Satapathy, Kaushik, Savolainen, Tuomas, Schloerb, F. Peter, Schonfeld, Jonathan, Small, Des, Sohn, Bong Won, SooHoo, Jason, Souccar, Kamal, Sun, He, Tetarenko, Alexandra J., Tiede, Paul, Tilanus, Remo P. J., Titus, Michael, Toscano, Teresa, Traianou, Efthalia, Trent, Tyler, Trippe, Sascha, Turk, Matthew, van Bemmel, Ilse, van Langevelde, Huib Jan, van Rossum, Daniel R., Vos, Jesse, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Wardle, John, Weintroub, Jonathan, Wex, Norbert, Wielgus, Maciek, Wiik, Kaj, Witzel, Gunther, Wondrak, Michael F., Wong, George N., Wu, Qingwen, Yadlapalli, Nitika, Yamaguchi, Paul, Yfantis, Aristomenis, Yoon, Doosoo, Young, Andre, Young, Ken, Younsi, Ziri, Yu, Wei, Yuan, Feng, Yuan, Ye-Fei, Zensus, J. Anton, Zhang, Shuo, Zhao, Guang-Yao, and Zhao, Shan-Shan

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observed in 2017 the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), at a frequency of 228.1 GHz ($\lambda$=1.3 mm). The fundamental physics tests that even a single pulsar orbiting Sgr A* would enable motivate searching for pulsars in EHT datasets. The high observing frequency means that pulsars - which typically exhibit steep emission spectra - are expected to be very faint. However, it also negates pulse scattering, an effect that could hinder pulsar detections in the Galactic Center. Additionally, magnetars or a secondary inverse Compton emission could be stronger at millimeter wavelengths than at lower frequencies. We present a search for pulsars close to Sgr A* using the data from the three most-sensitive stations in the EHT 2017 campaign: the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, the Large Millimeter Telescope and the IRAM 30 m Telescope. We apply three detection methods based on Fourier-domain analysis, the Fast-Folding-Algorithm and single pulse search targeting both pulsars and burst-like transient emission; using the simultaneity of the observations to confirm potential candidates. No new pulsars or significant bursts were found. Being the first pulsar search ever carried out at such high radio frequencies, we detail our analysis methods and give a detailed estimation of the sensitivity of the search. We conclude that the EHT 2017 observations are only sensitive to a small fraction ($\lesssim$2.2%) of the pulsars that may exist close to Sgr A*, motivating further searches for fainter pulsars in the region., Comment: 33 pages, 7 figures, 6 Tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2023

17. The Greenland Telescope: Construction, Commissioning, and Operations in Pituffik

Author

Chen, Ming-Tang, Asada, Keiichi, Matsushita, Satoki, Raffin, Philippe, Inoue, Makoto, Ho, Paul T. P., Han, Chih-Chiang, Kubo, Derek, Norton, Timothy, Patel, Nimesh A., Nystrom, George, Huang, Chih-Wei L., Martin-Cocher, Pierre, Koay, Jun Yi, Romero-Cañizales, Cristina, Liu, Ching-Tang, Huang, Teddy, Liu, Kuan-Yu, Wei, Tashun, Chang, Shu-Hao, Chilson, Ryan, Oshiro, Peter, Jiang, Homin, Li, Chao-Te, Bower, Geoffrey, Shaw, Paul, Nishioka, Hiroaki, Koch, Patrick M., Chen, Chung-Cheng, Srinivasan, Ranjani, Rao, Ramprasad, Snow, William, Jinchi, Hao, Han, Kuo-Chang, Chang, Song-Chu, Lu, Li-Ming, Ogawa, Hideo, Kimura, Kimihiro, Hasegawa, Yutaka, Pu, Hung-Yi, Koyama, Shoko, Nakamura, Masanori, Bintley, Daniel, Walther, Craig, Friberg, Per, Dempsey, Jessica, Sriharan, T. K., Srikanth, Sivasankaran, Doeleman, Sheperd S., Brissenden, Roger, Marcos, Juan-Carlos Algaba, Jeter, Britt, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, and Park, Jongho

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

In 2018, the Greenland Telescope (GLT) started scientific observation in Greenland. Since then, we have completed several significant improvements and added new capabilities to the telescope system. This paper presents a full review of the GLT system, a summary of our observation activities since 2018, the lessons learned from the operations in the Arctic regions, and the prospect of the telescope., Comment: 26 pages, 11 figures, and 8 tables. This is the version of the article before publication editing, as submitted by an author to Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record will be added when it becomes available

Published
2023

18. Cross-spectral purity of the Stokes parameters in random nonstationary electromagnetic beams

Author

Laatikainen, Jyrki, Friberg, Ari T., and Setälä, Tero

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

We consider cross-spectral purity in random nonstationary electromagnetic beams in terms of the Stokes parameters representing the spectral density and the spectral polarization state. We show that a Stokes parameter being cross-spectrally pure is consistent with the property that the corresponding normalized time-integrated coherence (two-point) Stokes parameter satisfies a certain reduction formula. The current analysis differs from the previous works on cross-spectral purity of nonstationary light beams such that the purity condition is in line with Mandel's original definition. In addition, in contrast to earlier works concerning the cross-spectral purity of the polarization-state Stokes parameters, intensity-normalized coherence Stokes parameters are applied. It is consequently found that in addition to separate spatial and temporal coherence factors the reduction formula contains a third factor that depends exclusively on the polarization properties. We further show that cross-spectral purity implies a specific structure for the electromagnetic spectral spatial correlations. The results of this work constitute foundational advances in the interference of random nonstationary vectorial light., Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure

Published
2023

20. Increasing plasma calprotectin (S100A8/A9) is associated with 12-month mortality and unfavourable functional outcome in critically ill COVID-19 patients

Author

Ingrid Didriksson, Maria Lengquist, Martin Spångfors, Märta Leffler, Theodor Sievert, Gisela Lilja, Attila Frigyesi, Hans Friberg, and Alexandru Schiopu

Subjects
COVID-19, ICU, Calprotectin, Innate immune system, Mortality, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Abstract Background Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) is a pro-inflammatory mediator primarily released from neutrophils. Previous studies have revealed associations between plasma calprotectin, disease severity and in-hospital mortality in unselected COVID-19 patients. Objective We aimed to assess whether plasma calprotectin dynamics during the first week of intensive care are associated with mortality and functional outcome in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Methods This prospective study included 498 COVID-19 patients admitted to six intensive care units (ICUs) in Sweden between May 2020 and May 2021. Blood samples were collected on ICU admission and on day 7. The primary outcome was 12-month mortality. Secondary outcomes were functional outcome of survivors at 3 and 12 months, and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) during the ICU stay. Functional outcome was assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE, range 1–8, with

Published
2024
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21. The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Studying the Complex Magnetic Field of L43

Author

Karoly, Janik, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Pattle, Kate, Berry, David, Whitworth, Anthony, Kirk, Jason, Bastien, Pierre, Ching, Tao-Chung, Coude, Simon, Hwang, Jihye, Kwon, Woojin, Soam, Archana, Wang, Jia-Wei, Hasegawa, Tetsuo, Lai, Shih-Ping, Qiu, Keping, Arzoumanian, Doris, Bourke, Tyler L., Byun, Do-Young, Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien, Chen, Wen Ping, Chen, Mike, Chen, Zhiwei, Cho, Jungyeon, Choi, Minho, Choi, Youngwoo, Choi, Yunhee, Chrysostomou, Antonio, Chung, Eun Jung, Dai, Sophia, Debattista, Victor, Di Francesco, James, Diep, Pham Ngoc, Doi, Yasuo, Duan, Hao-Yuan, Duan, Yan, Eswaraiah, Chakali, Fanciullo, Lapo, Fiege, Jason, Fissel, Laura M., Franzmann, Erica, Friberg, Per, Friesen, Rachel, Fuller, Gary, Furuya, Ray, Gledhill, Tim, Graves, Sarah, Greaves, Jane, Griffin, Matt, Gu, Qilao, Han, Ilseung, Hoang, Thiem, Houde, Martin, Hull, Charles L. H., Inoue, Tsuyoshi, Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro, Iwasaki, Kazunari, Jeong, Il-Gyo, Johnstone, Doug, Konyves, Vera, Kang, Ji-hyun, Kang, Miju, Kataoka, Akimasa, Kawabata, Koji, Kemper, Francisca, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, Shinyoung, Kim, Gwanjeong, Kim, Kyoung Hee, Kim, Mi-Ryang, Kim, Kee-Tae, Kim, Hyosung, Kirchschlager, Florian, Kobayashi, Masato I. N., Koch, Patrick M., Kusune, Takayoshi, Kwon, Jungmi, Lacaille, Kevin, Law, Chi-Yan, Lee, Chang Won, Lee, Hyeseung, Lee, Yong-Hee, Lee, Chin-Fei, Lee, Jeong-Eun, Lee, Sang-Sung, Li, Dalei, Li, Di, Li, Guangxing, Li, Hua-bai, Lin, Sheng-Jun, Liu, Hong-Li, Liu, Tie, Liu, Sheng-Yuan, Liu, Junhao, Longmore, Steven, Lu, Xing, Lyo, A-Ran, Mairs, Steve, Matsumura, Masafumi, Matthews, Brenda, Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald, Nagata, Tetsuya, Nakamura, Fumitaka, Nakanishi, Hiroyuki, Ngoc, Nguyen Bich, Ohashi, Nagayoshi, Onaka, Takashi, Park, Geumsook, Parsons, Harriet, Peretto, Nicolas, Priestley, Felix, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Qian, Lei, Rao, Ramprasad, Rawlings, Jonathan, Rawlings, Mark, Retter, Brendan, Richer, John, Rigby, Andrew, Sadavoy, Sarah, Saito, Hiro, Savini, Giorgio, Seta, Masumichi, Sharma, Ekta, Shimajiri, Yoshito, Shinnaga, Hiroko, Tahani, Mehrnoosh, Tamura, Motohide, Tang, Ya-Wen, Tang, Xindi, Tomisaka, Kohji, Tram, Le Ngoc, Tsukamoto, Yusuke, Viti, Serena, Wang, Hongchi, Wu, Jintai, Xie, Jinjin, Yang, Meng-Zhe, Yen, Hsi-Wei, Yoo, Hyunju, Yuan, Jinghua, Yun, Hyeong-Sik, Zenko, Tetsuya, Zhang, Guoyin, Zhang, Yapeng, Zhang, Chuan-Peng, Zhou, Jianjun, Zhu, Lei, de Looze, Ilse, Andre, Philippe, Dowell, C. Darren, Eden, David, Eyres, Stewart, Falle, Sam, Gouellec, Valentin J. M. Le, Poidevin, Frederick, Robitaille, Jean-Francois, and van Loo, Sven

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present observations of polarized dust emission at 850 $\mu$m from the L43 molecular cloud which sits in the Ophiuchus cloud complex. The data were taken using SCUBA-2/POL-2 on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as a part of the BISTRO large program. L43 is a dense ($N_{\rm H_2}\sim 10^{22}$-10$^{23}$ cm$^{-2}$) complex molecular cloud with a submillimetre-bright starless core and two protostellar sources. There appears to be an evolutionary gradient along the isolated filament that L43 is embedded within, with the most evolved source closest to the Sco OB2 association. One of the protostars drives a CO outflow that has created a cavity to the southeast. We see a magnetic field that appears to be aligned with the cavity walls of the outflow, suggesting interaction with the outflow. We also find a magnetic field strength of up to $\sim$160$\pm$30 $\mu$G in the main starless core and up to $\sim$90$\pm$40 $\mu$G in the more diffuse, extended region. These field strengths give magnetically super- and sub-critical values respectively and both are found to be roughly trans-Alfv\'enic. We also present a new method of data reduction for these denser but fainter objects like starless cores., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 23 pages, 9 figures (7 main text, 2 appendix)

Published
2023
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22. A ring-like accretion structure in M87 connecting its black hole and jet

Author

Lu, Ru-Sen, Asada, Keiichi, Krichbaum, Thomas P., Park, Jongho, Tazaki, Fumie, Pu, Hung-Yi, Nakamura, Masanori, Lobanov, Andrei, Hada, Kazuhiro, Akiyama, Kazunori, Kim, Jae-Young, Marti-Vidal, Ivan, Gómez, José L., Kawashima, Tomohisa, Yuan, Feng, Ros, Eduardo, Alef, Walter, Britzen, Silke, Bremer, Michael, Broderick, Avery E., Doi, Akihiro, Giovannini, Gabriele, Giroletti, Marcello, Ho, Paul T. P., Honma, Mareki, Hughes, David H., Inoue, Makoto, Jiang, Wu, Kino, Motoki, Koyama, Shoko, Lindqvist, Michael, Liu, Jun, Marscher, Alan P., Matsushita, Satoki, Nagai, Hiroshi, Rottmann, Helge, Savolainen, Tuomas, Schuster, Karl-Friedrich, Shen, Zhi-Qiang, de Vicente, Pablo, Walker, R. Craig, Yang, Hai, Zensus, J. Anton, Algaba, Juan Carlos, Allardi, Alexander, Bach, Uwe, Berthold, Ryan, Bintley, Dan, Byun, Do-Young, Casadio, Carolina, Chang, Shu-Hao, Chang, Chih-Cheng, Chang, Song-Chu, Chen, Chung-Chen, Chen, Ming-Tang, Chilson, Ryan, Chuter, Tim C., Conway, John, Crew, Geoffrey B., Dempsey, Jessica T., Dornbusch, Sven, Faber, Aaron, Friberg, Per, García, Javier González, Garrido, Miguel Gómez, Han, Chih-Chiang, Han, Kuo-Chang, Hasegawa, Yutaka, Herrero-Illana, Ruben, Huang, Yau-De, Huang, Chih-Wei L., Impellizzeri, Violette, Jiang, Homin, Jinchi, Hao, Jung, Taehyun, Kallunki, Juha, Kirves, Petri, Kimura, Kimihiro, Koay, Jun Yi, Koch, Patrick M., Kramer, Carsten, Kraus, Alex, Kubo, Derek, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, Li, Chao-Te, Lin, Lupin Chun-Che, Liu, Ching-Tang, Liu, Kuan-Yu, Lo, Wen-Ping, Lu, Li-Ming, MacDonald, Nicholas, Martin-Cocher, Pierre, Messias, Hugo, Meyer-Zhao, Zheng, Minter, Anthony, Nair, Dhanya G., Nishioka, Hiroaki, Norton, Timothy J., Nystrom, George, Ogawa, Hideo, Oshiro, Peter, Patel, Nimesh A, Pen, Ue-Li, Pidopryhora, Yurii, Pradel, Nicolas, Raffin, Philippe A., Rao, Ramprasad, Ruiz, Ignacio, Sanchez, Salvador, Shaw, Paul, Snow, William, Sridharan, T. K., Srinivasan, Ranjani, Tercero, Belén, Torne, Pablo, Traianou, Efthalia, Wagner, Jan, Walther, Craig, Wei, Ta-Shun, Yang, Jun, and Yu, Chen-Yu

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

The nearby radio galaxy M87 is a prime target for studying black hole accretion and jet formation^{1,2}. Event Horizon Telescope observations of M87 in 2017, at a wavelength of 1.3 mm, revealed a ring-like structure, which was interpreted as gravitationally lensed emission around a central black hole^3. Here we report images of M87 obtained in 2018, at a wavelength of 3.5 mm, showing that the compact radio core is spatially resolved. High-resolution imaging shows a ring-like structure of 8.4_{-1.1}^{+0.5} Schwarzschild radii in diameter, approximately 50% larger than that seen at 1.3 mm. The outer edge at 3.5 mm is also larger than that at 1.3 mm. This larger and thicker ring indicates a substantial contribution from the accretion flow with absorption effects in addition to the gravitationally lensed ring-like emission. The images show that the edge-brightened jet connects to the accretion flow of the black hole. Close to the black hole, the emission profile of the jet-launching region is wider than the expected profile of a black-hole-driven jet, suggesting the possible presence of a wind associated with the accretion flow., Comment: 50 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables, author's version of the paper published in Nature

Published
2023
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25. Time series of freshwater macroinvertebrate abundances and site characteristics of European streams and rivers

Author

Welti, Ellen A. R., Bowler, Diana E., Sinclair, James S., Altermatt, Florian, Álvarez-Cabria, Mario, Amatulli, Giuseppe, Angeler, David G., Archambaud, Gaït, Arrate Jorrín, Iñaki, Aspin, Thomas, Azpiroz, Iker, Baker, Nathan Jay, Bañares, Iñaki, Barquín Ortiz, José, Bodin, Christian L., Bonacina, Luca, Bonada, Núria, Bottarin, Roberta, Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel, Csabai, Zoltán, Datry, Thibault, de Eyto, Elvira, Dohet, Alain, Domisch, Sami, Dörflinger, Gerald, Drohan, Emma, Eikland, Knut A., England, Judy, Eriksen, Tor E., Evtimova, Vesela, Feio, Maria J., Ferréol, Martial, Floury, Mathieu, Forcellini, Maxence, Forio, Marie Anne Eurie, Fornaroli, Riccardo, Friberg, Nikolai, Fruget, Jean-François, Garcia Marquez, Jaime R., Georgieva, Galia, Goethals, Peter, Graça, Manuel A. S., House, Andy, Huttunen, Kaisa-Leena, Jensen, Thomas Correll, Johnson, Richard K., Jones, J. Iwan, Kiesel, Jens, Larrañaga, Aitor, Leitner, Patrick, L’Hoste, Lionel, Lizée, Marie-Hélène, Lorenz, Armin W., Maire, Anthony, Manzanos Arnaiz, Jesús Alberto, Mckie, Brendan, Millán, Andrés, Muotka, Timo, Murphy, John F., Ozolins, Davis, Paavola, Riku, Paril, Petr, Peñas Silva, Francisco Jesús, Polasek, Marek, Rasmussen, Jes, Rubio, Manu, Sánchez Fernández, David, Sandin, Leonard, Schäfer, Ralf B., Schmidt-Kloiber, Astrid, Scotti, Alberto, Shen, Longzhu Q., Skuja, Agnija, Stoll, Stefan, Straka, Michal, Stubbington, Rachel, Timm, Henn, Tyufekchieva, Violeta G., Tziortzis, Iakovos, Uzunov, Yordan, van der Lee, Gea H., Vannevel, Rudy, Varadinova, Emilia, Várbíró, Gábor, Velle, Gaute, Verdonschot, Piet F. M., Verdonschot, Ralf C. M., Vidinova, Yanka, Wiberg-Larsen, Peter, and Haase, Peter

Published
2024
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32. Regional impacts of warming on biodiversity and biomass in high latitude stream ecosystems across the Northern Hemisphere

Author

Jackson, Michelle C., Friberg, Nikolai, Moliner Cachazo, Luis, Clark, David R., Mutinova, Petra Thea, O’Gorman, Eoin J., Kordas, Rebecca L., Gallo, Bruno, Pichler, Doris E., Bespalaya, Yulia, Aksenova, Olga V., Milner, Alexander, Brooks, Stephen J., Dunn, Nicholas, Lee, K.W.K., Ólafsson, Jón S., Gíslason, Gísli M., Millan, Lucia, Bell, Thomas, Dumbrell, Alex J., and Woodward, Guy

Published
2024
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38. Critical Care Management of Patients After Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association and Neurocritical Care Society

Author

Hirsch, Karen G., Abella, Benjamin S., Amorim, Edilberto, Bader, Mary Kay, Barletta, Jeffrey F., Berg, Katherine, Callaway, Clifton W., Friberg, Hans, Gilmore, Emily J., Greer, David M., Kern, Karl B., Livesay, Sarah, May, Teresa L., Neumar, Robert W., Nolan, Jerry P., Oddo, Mauro, Peberdy, Mary Ann, Poloyac, Samuel M., Seder, David, Taccone, Fabio Silvio, Uzendu, Anezi, Walsh, Brian, Zimmerman, Janice L., and Geocadin, Romergryko G.

Published
2024
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40. Comparison of Polarized Radiative Transfer Codes used by the EHT Collaboration

Author

Prather, Ben S., Dexter, Jason, Moscibrodzka, Monika, Pu, Hung-Yi, Bronzwaer, Thomas, Davelaar, Jordy, Younsi, Ziri, Gammie, Charles F., Gold, Roman, Wong, George N., Akiyama, Kazunori, Alberdi, Antxon, Alef, Walter, Algaba, Juan Carlos, Anantua, Richard, Asada, Keiichi, Azulay, Rebecca, Bach, Uwe, Baczko, Anne-Kathrin, Ball, David, Baloković, Mislav, Barrett, John, Bauböck, Michi, Benson, Bradford A., Bintley, Dan, Blackburn, Lindy, Blundell, Raymond, Bouman, Katherine L., Bower, Geoffrey C., Boyce, Hope, Bremer, Michael, Brinkerink, Christiaan D., Brissenden, Roger, Britzen, Silke, Broderick, Avery E., Broguiere, Dominique, Bustamante, Sandra, Byun, Do-Young, Carlstrom, John E., Ceccobello, Chiara, Chael, Andrew, Chan, Chi-kwan, Chang, Dominic O., Chatterjee, Koushik, Chatterjee, Shami, Chen, Ming-Tang, Chen, Yongjun, Cheng, Xiaopeng, Cho, Ilje, Christian, Pierre, Conroy, Nicholas S., Conway, John E., Cordes, James M., Crawford, Thomas M., Crew, Geoffrey B., Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro, Cui, Yuzhu, De Laurentis, Mariafelicia, Deane, Roger, Dempsey, Jessica, Desvignes, Gregory, Dhruv, Vedant, Doeleman, Sheperd S., Dougal, Sean, Dzib, Sergio A., Eatough, Ralph P., Emami, Razieh, Falcke, Heino, Farah, Joseph, Fish, Vincent L., Fomalont, Ed, Ford, H. Alyson, Fraga-Encinas, Raquel, Freeman, William T., Friberg, Per, Fromm, Christian M., Fuentes, Antonio, Galison, Peter, García, Roberto, Gentaz, Olivier, Georgiev, Boris, Goddi, Ciriaco, Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I., Gómez, José L., Gu, Minfeng, Gurwell, Mark, Hada, Kazuhiro, Haggard, Daryl, Haworth, Kari, Hecht, Michael H., Hesper, Ronald, Heumann, Dirk, Ho, Luis C., Ho, Paul, Honma, Mareki, Huang, Chih-Wei L., Huang, Lei, Hughes, David H., Ikeda, Shiro, Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette, Inoue, Makoto, Issaoun, Sara, James, David J., Jannuzi, Buell T., Janssen, Michael, Jeter, Britton, Jiang, Wu, Jiménez-Rosales, Alejandra, Johnson, Michael D., Jorstad, Svetlana, Joshi, Abhishek V., Jung, Taehyun, Karami, Mansour, Karuppusamy, Ramesh, Kawashima, Tomohisa, Keating, Garrett K., Kettenis, Mark, Kim, Dong-Jin, Kim, Jae-Young, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, Junhan, Kino, Motoki, Koay, Jun Yi, Kocherlakota, Prashant, Kofuji, Yutaro, Koyama, Shoko, Kramer, Carsten, Kramer, Michael, Krichbaum, Thomas P., Kuo, Cheng-Yu, La Bella, Noemi, Lauer, Tod R., Lee, Daeyoung, Lee, Sang-Sung, Leung, Po Kin, Levis, Aviad, Li, Zhiyuan, Lico, Rocco, Lindahl, Greg, Lindqvist, Michael, Lisakov, Mikhail, Liu, Jun, Liu, Kuo, Liuzzo, Elisabetta, Lo, Wen-Ping, Lobanov, Andrei P., Loinard, Laurent, Lonsdale, Colin J., Lu, Ru-Sen, MacDonald, Nicholas R., Mao, Jirong, Marchili, Nicola, Markoff, Sera, Marrone, Daniel P., Marscher, Alan P., Martí-Vidal, Iván, Matsushita, Satoki, Matthews, Lynn D., Medeiros, Lia, Menten, Karl M., Michalik, Daniel, Mizuno, Izumi, Mizuno, Yosuke, Moran, James M., Moriyama, Kotaro, Müller, Cornelia, Mus, Alejandro, Musoke, Gibwa, Myserlis, Ioannis, Nadolski, Andrew, Nagai, Hiroshi, Nagar, Neil M., Nakamura, Masanori, Narayan, Ramesh, Narayanan, Gopal, Natarajan, Iniyan, Nathanail, Antonios, Fuentes, Santiago Navarro, Neilsen, Joey, Neri, Roberto, Ni, Chunchong, Noutsos, Aristeidis, Nowak, Michael A., Oh, Junghwan, Okino, Hiroki, Olivares, Héctor, Ortiz-León, Gisela N., Oyama, Tomoaki, Özel, Feryal, Palumbo, Daniel C. M., Paraschos, Georgios Filippos, Park, Jongho, Parsons, Harriet, Patel, Nimesh, Pen, Ue-Li, Pesce, Dominic W., Piétu, Vincent, Plambeck, Richard, PopStefanija, Aleksandar, Porth, Oliver, Pötzl, Felix M., Preciado-López, Jorge A., Psaltis, Dimitrios, Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh, Rao, Ramprasad, Rawlings, Mark G., Raymond, Alexander W., Rezzolla, Luciano, Ricarte, Angelo, Ripperda, Bart, Roelofs, Freek, Rogers, Alan, Ros, Eduardo, Romero-Cañizales, Cristina, Roshanineshat, Arash, Rottmann, Helge, Roy, Alan L., Ruiz, Ignacio, Ruszczyk, Chet, Rygl, Kazi L. J., Sánchez, Salvador, Sánchez-Argüelles, David, Sánchez-Portal, Miguel, Sasada, Mahito, Satapathy, Kaushik, Savolainen, Tuomas, Schloerb, F. Peter, Schonfeld, Jonathan, Schuster, Karl-Friedrich, Shao, Lijing, Shen, Zhiqiang, Small, Des, Sohn, Bong Won, SooHoo, Jason, Souccar, Kamal, Sun, He, Tazaki, Fumie, Tetarenko, Alexandra J., Tiede, Paul, Tilanus, Remo P. J., Titus, Michael, Torne, Pablo, Traianou, Efthalia, Trent, Tyler, Trippe, Sascha, Turk, Matthew, van Bemmel, Ilse, van Langevelde, Huib Jan, van Rossum, Daniel R., Vos, Jesse, Wagner, Jan, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Wardle, John, Weintroub, Jonathan, Wex, Norbert, Wharton, Robert, Wielgus, Maciek, Wiik, Kaj, Witzel, Gunther, Wondrak, Michael F., Wu, Qingwen, Yamaguchi, Paul, Yfantis, Aristomenis, Yoon, Doosoo, Young, André, Young, Ken, Yu, Wei, Yuan, Feng, Yuan, Ye-Fei, Zensus, J. Anton, Zhang, Shuo, Zhao, Guang-Yao, and Zhao, Shan-Shan

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Interpretation of resolved polarized images of black holes by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) requires predictions of the polarized emission observable by an Earth-based instrument for a particular model of the black hole accretion system. Such predictions are generated by general relativistic radiative transfer (GRRT) codes, which integrate the equations of polarized radiative transfer in curved spacetime. A selection of ray-tracing GRRT codes used within the EHT collaboration is evaluated for accuracy and consistency in producing a selection of test images, demonstrating that the various methods and implementations of radiative transfer calculations are highly consistent. When imaging an analytic accretion model, we find that all codes produce images similar within a pixel-wise normalized mean squared error (NMSE) of 0.012 in the worst case. When imaging a snapshot from a cell-based magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we find all test images to be similar within NMSEs of 0.02, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.12 in Stokes I, Q, U , and V respectively. We additionally find the values of several image metrics relevant to published EHT results to be in agreement to much better precision than measurement uncertainties., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2023
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41. First BISTRO observations of the dark cloud Taurus L1495A-B10: the role of the magnetic field in the earliest stages of low-mass star formation

Author

Ward-Thompson, Derek, Karoly, Janik, Pattle, Kate, Whitworth, Anthony, Kirk, Jason, Berry, David, Bastien, Pierre, Ching, Tao-Chung, Coude, Simon, Hwang, Jihye, Kwon, Woojin, Soam, Archana, Wang, Jia-Wei, Hasegawa, Tetsuo, Lai, Shih-Ping, Qiu, Keping, Arzoumanian, Doris, Bourke, Tyler L., Byun, Do-Young, Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien, Chen, Wen Ping, Chen, Mike, Chen, Zhiwei, Cho, Jungyeon, Choi, Minho, Choi, Youngwoo, Choi, Yunhee, Chrysostomou, Antonio, Chung, Eun Jung, Dai, Sophia, Debattista, Victor, Di Francesco, James, Diep, Pham Ngoc, Doi, Yasuo, Duan, Hao-Yuan, Duan, Yan, Eswaraiah, Chakali, Fanciullo, Lapo, Fiege, Jason, Fissel, Laura M., Franzmann, Erica, Friberg, Per, Friesen, Rachel, Fuller, Gary, Furuya, Ray, Gledhill, Tim, Graves, Sarah, Greaves, Jane, Griffin, Matt, Gu, Qilao, Han, Ilseung, Hayashi, Saeko, Hoang, Thiem, Houde, Martin, Hull, Charles L. H., Inoue, Tsuyoshi, Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro, Iwasaki, Kazunari, Jeong, Il-Gyo, Johnstone, Doug, Konyves, Vera, Kang, Ji-hyun, Kang, Miju, Kataoka, Akimasa, Kawabata, Koji, Kemper, Francisca, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, Shinyoung, Kim, Gwanjeong, Kim, Kyoung Hee, Kim, Mi-Ryang, Kim, Kee-Tae, Kim, Hyosung, Kirchschlager, Florian, Kobayashi, Masato I. N., Koch, Patrick M., Kusune, Takayoshi, Kwon, Jungmi, Lacaille, Kevin, Law, Chi-Yan, Lee, Chang Won, Lee, Hyeseung, Lee, Yong-Hee, Lee, Chin-Fei, Lee, Jeong-Eun, Lee, Sang-Sung, Li, Dalei, Li, Di, Li, Guangxing, Li, Hua-bai, Lin, Sheng-Jun, Liu, Hong-Li, Liu, Tie, Liu, Sheng-Yuan, Liu, Junhao, Longmore, Steven, Lu, Xing, Lyo, A-Ran, Mairs, Steve, Matsumura, Masafumi, Matthews, Brenda, Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald, Nagata, Tetsuya, Nakamura, Fumitaka, Nakanishi, Hiroyuki, Ngoc, Nguyen Bich, Ohashi, Nagayoshi, Onaka, Takashi, Park, Geumsook, Parsons, Harriet, Peretto, Nicolas, Priestley, Felix, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Qian, Lei, Rao, Ramprasad, Rawlings, Jonathan, Rawlings, Mark, Retter, Brendan, Richer, John, Rigby, Andrew, Sadavoy, Sarah, Saito, Hiro, Savini, Giorgio, Seta, Masumichi, Shimajiri, Yoshito, Shinnaga, Hiroko, Tahani, Mehrnoosh, Tamura, Motohide, Tang, Ya-Wen, Tang, Xindi, Tomisaka, Kohji, Tram, Le Ngoc, Tsukamoto, Yusuke, Viti, Serena, Wang, Hongchi, Wu, Jintai, Xie, Jinjin, Yang, Meng-Zhe, Yen, Hsi-Wei, Yoo, Hyunju, Yuan, Jinghua, Yun, Hyeong-Sik, Zenko, Tetsuya, Zhang, Guoyin, Zhang, Yapeng, Zhang, Chuan-Peng, Zhou, Jianjun, Zhu, Lei, de Looze, Ilse, Andre, Philippe, Dowell, C. Darren, Eden, David, Eyres, Stewart, Falle, Sam, Gouellec, Valentin J. M. Le, Poidevin, Frederick, Robitaille, Jean-Francois, and van Loo, Sven

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present BISTRO Survey 850 {\mu}m dust emission polarisation observations of the L1495A-B10 region of the Taurus molecular cloud, taken at the JCMT. We observe a roughly triangular network of dense filaments. We detect 9 of the dense starless cores embedded within these filaments in polarisation, finding that the plane-of-sky orientation of the core-scale magnetic field lies roughly perpendicular to the filaments in almost all cases. We also find that the large-scale magnetic field orientation measured by Planck is not correlated with any of the core or filament structures, except in the case of the lowest-density core. We propose a scenario for early prestellar evolution that is both an extension to, and consistent with, previous models, introducing an additional evolutionary transitional stage between field-dominated and matter-dominated evolution, observed here for the first time. In this scenario, the cloud collapses first to a sheet-like structure. Uniquely, we appear to be seeing this sheet almost face-on. The sheet fragments into filaments, which in turn form cores. However, the material must reach a certain critical density before the evolution changes from being field-dominated to being matter-dominated. We measure the sheet surface density and the magnetic field strength at that transition for the first time and show consistency with an analytical prediction that had previously gone untested for over 50 years (Mestel 1965)., Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures. ApJ accepted

Published
2023
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42. Postoperative atrial fibrillation is associated with long-term morbidity and mortality in older adults: Analysis from the SWEDEHEART RegistryCentral MessagePerspective

Author

Mathias Lilja, MS, Richard Leaback, MD, Jonas Banefelt, MSc, Tae Jin Park, PharmD, MS, Darshini Shah, BPharm, MS, William G. Ferguson, PhD, and Örjan Friberg, MD, PhD

Subjects
cardiac surgery, postoperative atrial fibrillation, morbidity, mortality, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Objectives: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common perioperative arrhythmia. The association of POAF with negative short-term outcomes after cardiac surgery is well understood; however, the association of POAF with long-term morbidity and mortality is not well described. We compared the risk of long-term clinical outcomes (up to 9 years postdischarge) in patients with and without POAF following open-chest cardiac surgery. Methods: This observational, retrospective cohort study used data from the Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART) Swedish Cardiac Surgery Registry and National Board of Health and Welfare. Patients aged 55 to 90 years who underwent open-chest coronary artery bypass and/or valvular surgery between 2010 and 2019 were included. Clinical outcomes were adjusted for differences in baseline demographics and clinical history using multivariable Cox regression. Results: A total of 30,870 patients with a mean age of 69.2 years were included in the study (no POAF, n = 20,734; POAF, n = 10,136). The median follow-up was 4.6 years. After adjustment, POAF was associated with a significantly higher risk of recurrent atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio [HR], 2.30; 95% CI, 2.21-2.41), heart failure (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10-1.25), chronic kidney disease (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.07-1.24), all-cause mortality (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.18), and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.06-1.26). POAF was also associated with a numerically higher risk of ischemic stroke and major bleed, but these findings were not statistically significant after adjustment. Conclusions: These data provide further insight into the long-term clinical outcomes associated with POAF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Published
2024
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43. Time series of freshwater macroinvertebrate abundances and site characteristics of European streams and rivers

Author

Ellen A. R. Welti, Diana E. Bowler, James S. Sinclair, Florian Altermatt, Mario Álvarez-Cabria, Giuseppe Amatulli, David G. Angeler, Gaït Archambaud, Iñaki Arrate Jorrín, Thomas Aspin, Iker Azpiroz, Nathan Jay Baker, Iñaki Bañares, José Barquín Ortiz, Christian L. Bodin, Luca Bonacina, Núria Bonada, Roberta Bottarin, Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles, Zoltán Csabai, Thibault Datry, Elvira de Eyto, Alain Dohet, Sami Domisch, Gerald Dörflinger, Emma Drohan, Knut A. Eikland, Judy England, Tor E. Eriksen, Vesela Evtimova, Maria J. Feio, Martial Ferréol, Mathieu Floury, Maxence Forcellini, Marie Anne Eurie Forio, Riccardo Fornaroli, Nikolai Friberg, Jean-François Fruget, Jaime R. Garcia Marquez, Galia Georgieva, Peter Goethals, Manuel A. S. Graça, Andy House, Kaisa-Leena Huttunen, Thomas Correll Jensen, Richard K. Johnson, J. Iwan Jones, Jens Kiesel, Aitor Larrañaga, Patrick Leitner, Lionel L’Hoste, Marie-Hélène Lizée, Armin W. Lorenz, Anthony Maire, Jesús Alberto Manzanos Arnaiz, Brendan Mckie, Andrés Millán, Timo Muotka, John F. Murphy, Davis Ozolins, Riku Paavola, Petr Paril, Francisco Jesús Peñas Silva, Marek Polasek, Jes Rasmussen, Manu Rubio, David Sánchez Fernández, Leonard Sandin, Ralf B. Schäfer, Astrid Schmidt-Kloiber, Alberto Scotti, Longzhu Q. Shen, Agnija Skuja, Stefan Stoll, Michal Straka, Rachel Stubbington, Henn Timm, Violeta G. Tyufekchieva, Iakovos Tziortzis, Yordan Uzunov, Gea H. van der Lee, Rudy Vannevel, Emilia Varadinova, Gábor Várbíró, Gaute Velle, Piet F. M. Verdonschot, Ralf C. M. Verdonschot, Yanka Vidinova, Peter Wiberg-Larsen, and Peter Haase

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Freshwater macroinvertebrates are a diverse group and play key ecological roles, including accelerating nutrient cycling, filtering water, controlling primary producers, and providing food for predators. Their differences in tolerances and short generation times manifest in rapid community responses to change. Macroinvertebrate community composition is an indicator of water quality. In Europe, efforts to improve water quality following environmental legislation, primarily starting in the 1980s, may have driven a recovery of macroinvertebrate communities. Towards understanding temporal and spatial variation of these organisms, we compiled the TREAM dataset (Time seRies of European freshwAter Macroinvertebrates), consisting of macroinvertebrate community time series from 1,816 river and stream sites (mean length of 19.2 years and 14.9 sampling years) of 22 European countries sampled between 1968 and 2020. In total, the data include >93 million sampled individuals of 2,648 taxa from 959 genera and 212 families. These data can be used to test questions ranging from identifying drivers of the population dynamics of specific taxa to assessing the success of legislative and management restoration efforts.

Published
2024
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44. Risk factors for infection at the saphenous vein harvest site after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a retrospective cohort study

Author

Hanna Unosson, Maria Hälleberg Nyman, Karin Falk Brynhildsen, and Örjan Friberg

Subjects
Female sex, Leg wound infection, Smoking, Surgery, RD1-811, Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Surgical site infection after saphenous vein harvest is common, with reported leg wound infection rates ranging from 2 to 24%. There have been few investigations into sex-related differences in complication rates. Moreover, varied effects of smoking have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors such as gender and smoking, associated with surgical site infection after vein graft harvesting in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Methods We included 2,188 consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with at least one vein graft at our centre from 2009 to 2018. All patients were followed up postoperatively. Risk factors for leg wound infection requiring antibiotic treatment and surgical revision were analysed using logistic regression analysis. Results In total, 374 patients (17.1%) received antibiotic treatment and 154 (7.0%) underwent surgical revision for leg wound infection at the harvest site. Female sex, high body mass index, diabetes mellitus, longer operation time, peripheral vascular disease and direct oral anticoagulants were independently associated with any leg wound infection at the harvest site. Among surgically revised patients, female sex and insulin or oral treatment for diabetes mellitus as well as longer operation time were independent risk factors. Smoking was not associated with leg wound infection. Conclusion Female sex is associated with increased risk of leg wound infection. The underlying mechanism is unknown. In the current population, previous or current smoking was not associated with an increased risk of leg wound infection.

Published
2024
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45. Quantifying combined effects of colistin and ciprofloxacin against Escherichia coli in an in silico pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model

Author

Chenyan Zhao, Anders N. Kristoffersson, David D. Khan, Pernilla Lagerbäck, Ulrika Lustig, Sha Cao, Charlotte Annerstedt, Otto Cars, Dan I. Andersson, Diarmaid Hughes, Elisabet I. Nielsen, and Lena E. Friberg

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Co-administering a low dose of colistin (CST) with ciprofloxacin (CIP) may improve the antibacterial effect against resistant Escherichia coli, offering an acceptable benefit-risk balance. This study aimed to quantify the interaction between ciprofloxacin and colistin in an in silico pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model from in vitro static time-kill experiments (using strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations, MICCIP 0.023–1 mg/L and MICCST 0.5–0.75 mg/L). It was also sought to demonstrate an approach of simulating concentrations at the site of infection with population pharmacokinetic and whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic models to explore the clinical value of the combination when facing more resistant strains (using extrapolated strains with lower susceptibility). The combined effect in the final model was described as the sum of individual drug effects with a change in drug potency: for ciprofloxacin, concentration at half maximum killing rate (EC50) in combination was 160% of the EC50 in monodrug experiments, while for colistin, the change in EC50 was strain-dependent from 54.1% to 119%. The benefit of co-administrating a lower-than-commonly-administrated colistin dose with ciprofloxacin in terms of drug effect in comparison to either monotherapy was predicted in simulated bloodstream infections and pyelonephritis. The study illustrates the value of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling and simulation in streamlining rational development of antibiotic combinations.

Published
2024
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46. Exploring the working life of people with multiple sclerosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden

Author

Chantelle Murley, Jessica Dervish, Alejandra Machado, Veronica Svärd, Agneta Wennman-Larsen, Jan Hillert, and Emilie Friberg

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, Containment measures, Work, Employment, Occupation, Chronic disease, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to vast changes in working life and conditions in which we work. These changes may affect people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) differently. We aimed to describe the working situation of PwMS during the COVID-19 pandemic and the pandemic’s impact on their working lives. Methods All individuals aged 20–50 listed in the Swedish Multiple Sclerosis Registry were invited to participate in an online survey in 2021. Closed and open-ended responses linked to individual-level register data were used in this exploratory mixed-methods study. Differences in the proportions reporting specific impacts were assessed with chi-square tests by sex, MS severity, education, and profession. The open-ended answers were analysed through content analysis. Results Over 8500 PwMS were invited (52% response rate). We included the 3887 respondents who answered questions about the impact of the pandemic on working life. Most (93.7%) reported being in paid work. An impact of the ongoing pandemic to one’s daily occupation was reported by 26.2%, with different characteristics observed across the impacts. Four categories of type of answers were identified from the open-ended answers: Direct impact on one’s occupation, Disclosing or concealing MS in the workplace, Worry and uncertainty, and Broader impact to life situation. Conclusions PwMS navigated the pandemic by interrupting as well as continuing their working lives. Many PwMS reported that the pandemic did not affect their work situation. However, the reported impacts differed among the participants and a sense of uncertainty and worry was often underlying their statements. Lessons from the pandemic may support future work participation.

Published
2024
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47. Development of a program theory for osteoporosis patient education in Denmark: a qualitative study based on realist evaluation

Author

Mette Rubæk, Marie Broholm-Jørgensen, Susan Andersen, Pernille Ravn Jakobsen, Mette Juel Rothmann, Bente Langdahl, Mette Friberg Hitz, and Teresa Holmberg

Subjects
Osteoporosis, Patient education, Program theory, Mechanism of change, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Background Osteoporosis patient education is offered in many countries worldwide. When evaluating complex interventions like these, it is important to understand how and why the intervention leads to effects. This study aimed to develop a program theory of osteoporosis patient education in Danish municipalities with a focus on examining the mechanisms of change i.e. what is about the programs that generate change. Methods The program theory was developed in an iterative process. The initial draft was based on a previous published systematic review, and subsequently the draft was continually refined based on findings from observations (10 h during osteoporosis patient education) and interviews (individual interviews with six employees in municipalities and three health professionals at hospitals, as well as four focus group interviews with participants in patient education (in total 27 informants)). The transcribed interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and with inspiration from realist evaluation the mechanisms as well as the contextual factors and outcomes were examined. Results Based on this qualitative study we developed a program theory of osteoporosis patient education and identified four mechanisms: motivation, recognizability, reassurance, and peer reflection. For each mechanism we examined how contextual factors activated the mechanism as well as which outcomes were achieved. For instance, the participants’ motivation is activated when they meet in groups, and thereafter outcomes such as more physical activity may be achieved. Recognizability is activated by the participants’ course of disease, which may lead to better ergonomic habits. Reassurance may result in more physical activity, and this mechanism is activated in newly diagnosed participants without previous fractures. Peer reflection is activated when the participants meet in groups, and the outcome healthier diet may be achieved. Conclusions We developed a program theory and examined how and why osteoporosis patient education is likely to be effective. Understanding these prerequisites is important for future implementation and evaluation of osteoporosis patient education.

Published
2024
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48. Quantitative modeling of tumor dynamics and development of drug resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer patients treated with erlotinib

Author

Anyue Yin, G. D. Marijn Veerman, Johan G. C. vanHasselt, Christi M. J. Steendam, Hendrikus Jan Dubbink, Henk‐Jan Guchelaar, Lena E. Friberg, Anne‐Marie C. Dingemans, Ron H. J. Mathijssen, and Dirk Jan A. R. Moes

Subjects
Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Abstract Insight into the development of treatment resistance can support the optimization of anticancer treatments. This study aims to characterize the tumor dynamics and development of drug resistance in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer treated with erlotinib, and investigate the relationship between baseline circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) data and tumor dynamics. Data obtained for the analysis included (1) intensively sampled erlotinib concentrations from 29 patients from two previous pharmacokinetic (PK) studies, and (2) tumor sizes, ctDNA measurements, and sparsely sampled erlotinib concentrations from 18 patients from the START‐TKI study. A two‐compartment population PK model was first developed which well‐described the PK data. The PK model was subsequently applied to investigate the exposure‐tumor dynamics relationship. To characterize the tumor dynamics, models accounting for intra‐tumor heterogeneity and acquired resistance with or without primary resistance were investigated. Eventually, the model assumed acquired resistance only resulted in an adequate fit. Additionally, models with or without exposure‐dependent treatment effect were explored, and no significant exposure‐response relationship for erlotinib was identified within the observed exposure range. Subsequently, the correlation of baseline ctDNA data on EGFR and TP53 variants with tumor dynamics’ parameters was explored. The analysis indicated that higher baseline plasma EGFR mutation levels correlated with increased tumor growth rates, and the inclusion of ctDNA measurements improved model fit. This result suggests that quantitative ctDNA measurements at baseline have the potential to be a predictor of anticancer treatment response. The developed model can potentially be applied to design optimal treatment regimens that better overcome resistance.

Published
2024
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49. The relationships between biotic uniqueness and abiotic uniqueness are context dependent across drainage basins worldwide

Author

Snåre, Henna, García-Girón, Jorge, Alahuhta, Janne, Bini, Luis Mauricio, Boda, Pál, Bonada, Núria, Brasil, Leandro S., Callisto, Marcos, Castro, Diego M. P., Chen, Kai, Csabai, Zoltán, Datry, Thibault, Domisch, Sami, García-Marquez, Jaime R., Floury, Mathieu, Friberg, Nikolai, Gill, Brian A., González-Trujillo, Juan David, Göthe, Emma, Haase, Peter, Hamada, Neusa, Hill, Matthew J., Hjort, Jan, Juen, Leandro, Jupke, Jonathan F., de Faria, Ana Paula Justino, Li, Zhengfei, Ligeiro, Raphael, Linares, Marden S., Luiza-Andrade, Ana, Macedo, Diego R., Mathers, Kate L., Mellado-Diaz, Andres, Milosevic, Djuradj, Moya, Nabor, Poff, N. LeRoy, Rolls, Robert J., Roque, Fabio O., Saito, Victor S., Sandin, Leonard, Schäfer, Ralf B., Scotti, Alberto, Siqueira, Tadeu, Martins, Renato Tavares, Valente-Neto, Francisco, Wang, Beixin, Wang, Jun, Xie, Zhicai, and Heino, Jani

Published
2024
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50. JCMT BISTRO Observations: Magnetic Field Morphology of Bubbles Associated with NGC 6334

Author

Tahani, Mehrnoosh, Bastien, Pierre, Furuya, Ray S., Pattle, Kate, Johnstone, Doug, Arzoumanian, Doris, Doi, Yasuo, Hasegawa, Tetsuo, Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro, Coudé, Simon, Fissel, Laura, Chen, Michael Chun-Yuan, Poidevin, Frédérick, Sadavoy, Sarah, Friesen, Rachel, Koch, Patrick M., Di Francesco, James, Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald H., Chen, Zhiwei, Chung, Eun Jung, Eswaraiah, Chakali, Fanciullo, Lapo, Gledhill, Tim, Gouellec, Valentin J. M. Le, Hoang, Thiem, Hwang, Jihye, Kang, Ji-hyun, Kim, Kyoung Hee, Kirchschlager, Florian, Kwon, Woojin, Lee, Chang Won, Liu, Hong-Li, Onaka, Takashi, Rawlings, Mark G., Soam, Archana, Tamura, Motohide, Tang, Xindi, Tomisaka, Kohji, Whitworth, Anthony P., Kwon, Jungmi, Hoang, Thuong D., Redman, Matt, Berry, David, Ching, Tao-Chung, Wang, Jia-Wei, Lai, Shih-Ping, Qiu, Keping, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Houde, Martin, Byun, Do-Young, Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien, Chen, Wen Ping, Cho, Jungyeon, Choi, Minho, Choi, Yunhee, Chrysostomou, Antonio, Diep, Pham Ngoc, Duan, Hao-Yuan, Fiege, Jason, Franzmann, Erica, Friberg, Per, Fuller, Gary, Graves, Sarah F., Greaves, Jane S., Griffin, Matt J., Gu, Qilao, Han, Ilseung, Hatchell, Jennifer, Hayashi, Saeko S., Hull, Charles L. H., Inoue, Tsuyoshi, Iwasaki, Kazunari, Jeong, Il-Gyo, Kanamori, Yoshihiro, Kang, Miju, Kang, Sung-ju, Kataoka, Akimasa, Kawabata, Koji S., Kemper, Francisca, Kim, Gwanjeong, Kim, Jongsoo Hee, Kim, Kee-Tae, Kim, Mi-Ryang, Kim, Shinyoung, Kirk, Jason M., Kobayashi, Masato I. N., Konyves, Vera, Kusune, Takayoshi, Lacaille, Kevin, Law, Chi-Yan, Lee, Chin-Fei, Lee, Hyeseung, Lee, Jeong-Eun, Lee, Sang-Sung, Lee, Yong-Hee, Li, Dalei, Li, Di, Li, Hua-bai, Liu, Junhao, Liu, Sheng-Yuan, Liu, Tie, de Looze, Ilse, Lyo, A-Ran, Mairs, Steve, Matsumura, Masafumi, Matthews, Brenda C., Nagata, Tetsuya, Nakamura, Fumitaka, Nakanishi, Hiroyuki, Ohashi, Nagayoshi, Park, Geumsook, Parsons, Harriet, Peretto, Nicolas, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Qian, Lei, Rao, Ramprasad, Retter, Brendan, Richer, John, Rigby, Andrew, Saito, Hiro, Savini, Giorgio, Scaife, Anna M. M., Seta, Masumichi, Shimajiri, Yoshito, Shinnaga, Hiroko, Tang, Ya-Wen, Tsukamoto, Yusuke, Viti, Serena, Wang, Hongchi, Yen, Hsi-Wei, Yoo, Hyunju, Yuan, Jinghua, Yun, Hyeong-Sik, Zenko, Tetsuya, Zhang, Chuan-Peng, Zhang, Guoyin, Zhang, Yapeng, Zhou, Jianjun, Zhu, Lei, André, Philippe, Dowell, C. Darren, Eyres, Stewart P. S., Falle, Sam, van Loo, Sven, and Robitaille, Jean-François

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We study the HII regions associated with the NGC 6334 molecular cloud observed in the sub-millimeter and taken as part of the B-fields In STar-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) Survey. In particular, we investigate the polarization patterns and magnetic field morphologies associated with these HII regions. Through polarization pattern and pressure calculation analyses, several of these bubbles indicate that the gas and magnetic field lines have been pushed away from the bubble, toward an almost tangential (to the bubble) magnetic field morphology. In the densest part of NGC 6334, where the magnetic field morphology is similar to an hourglass, the polarization observations do not exhibit observable impact from HII regions. We detect two nested radial polarization patterns in a bubble to the south of NGC 6334 that correspond to the previously observed bipolar structure in this bubble. Finally, using the results of this study, we present steps (incorporating computer vision; circular Hough Transform) that can be used in future studies to identify bubbles that have physically impacted magnetic field lines., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)

Published
2022
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