1. Comparison of protection against mpox following mRNA or modified vaccinia Ankara vaccination in nonhuman primates.
- Author
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Mucker EM, Freyn AW, Bixler SL, Cizmeci D, Atyeo C, Earl PL, Natarajan H, Santos G, Frey TR, Levin RH, Meni A, Arunkumar GA, Stadlbauer D, Jorquera PA, Bennett H, Johnson JC, Hardcastle K, Americo JL, Cotter CA, Koehler JW, Davis CI, Shamblin JD, Ostrowski K, Raymond JL, Ricks KM, Carfi A, Yu WH, Sullivan NJ, Moss B, Alter G, and Hooper JW
- Abstract
In 2022, mpox virus (MPXV) spread worldwide, causing 99,581 mpox cases in 121 countries. Modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vaccine use reduced disease in at-risk populations but failed to deliver complete protection. Lag in manufacturing and distribution of MVA resulted in additional MPXV spread, with 12,000 reported cases in 2023 and an additional outbreak in Central Africa of clade I virus. These outbreaks highlight the threat of zoonotic spillover by Orthopoxviruses. mRNA-1769, an mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine expressing MPXV surface proteins, was tested in a lethal MPXV primate model. Similar to MVA, mRNA-1769 conferred protection against challenge and further mitigated symptoms and disease duration. Antibody profiling revealed a collaborative role between neutralizing and Fc-functional extracellular virion (EV)-specific antibodies in viral restriction and ospinophagocytic and cytotoxic antibody functions in protection against lesions. mRNA-1769 enhanced viral control and disease attenuation compared with MVA, highlighting the potential for mRNA vaccines to mitigate future pandemic threats., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the US Army. A.W.F., D.C., C.A., H.N., G.S., T.R.F., R.H.L., A.M., G.A.A., D.S., P.A.J., H.B., J.C.J., K.H., A.C., W.-H.Y., and G.A. are employees of Moderna. G.A. is an equity holder in Systems Seromyx and Leyden Labs and has received collaborative funding from Moderna, GSK, Sanofi, Medicago, BioNtech, Clover, and Pfizer in the past year. P.L.E., J.L.A., C.A.C., and B.M. were supported by the Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2024
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