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This study assessed the influence of the evolution in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation technology on cerebral oxygenation. Cerebral oxygenation was measured continuously with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and compared retrospectively between balloon-expandable, self-expandable and differential deployment valves which were implanted in 12 (34%), 17 (49%) and 6 patients (17%), respectively. Left and right SctO2 values were averaged at four time points and used for analysis (i.e. at baseline, balloon-aortic valvuloplasty, valve deployment, and at the end of the procedure). During balloon-aortic valvuloplasty and valve deployment, cerebral oxygenation decreased in patients treated with balloon or self-expandable valves (balloon-expandable: p = 0.003 and p = 0.002; self-expandable: p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). The incidence of cerebral desaturations below 80% of baseline was significantly larger in patients treated with balloon-expandable valves (p = 0.001). In contrast, patients who received differential deployment valves never experienced a cerebral desaturation below 80% of baseline. Furthermore, both the incidence and duration below a cerebral oxygenation of 55% was significantly different between balloon and self-expandable valves (p = 0.038 and p = 0.018, respectively). This study demonstrated that Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation procedures are associated with significant cerebral desaturations, especially during balloon-aortic valvuloplasty and valve deployment. Moreover, our results showed that latest innovations in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation technology beneficially influenced the adequacy of cerebral perfusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]