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904 results on '"Fresen"'

1. Household-level vulnerability and resilience to climate change in wheat producing farmers of Arsi Zone, Ethiopia

Author

Mustefa Bati Geda, Jema Haji, Kedir Jemal, and Fresenbet Zeleke

Subjects
Vulnerability, resilience, climate change, VEP, RIMA, wheat, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the status of vulnerability and resilience to climate change and identify factors that affect the status of vulnerability of wheat-producing farmers to climate change in the Arsi Zone. The primary data that were gathered from 422 randomly selected wheat-producing farmers across three districts were used. The vulnerability as expected poverty (VEP) method was used to determine the vulnerability status at the household level, whereas the resilience index measurement approach (RIMA) was used to determine the resilience status. The result of the study pointed out that 60.66% of the sample households were vulnerable to climate change while the remaining 39.34% were not. The sample household’s average resilience index was 0.976. In a similar vein, the absorptive capacity (0.401) was the primary contributor among the resilience components, followed by the adaptive (0.320) and transformative (0.255) capacities. The result of a binary logit model pointed out that households that had participated in off-farm income, had large areas of farmland and owned large numbers of livestock, had frequent contact with extension workers, access to improved wheat varieties and irrigation, lived in highland agroecologies, and participated in social organizations was probably less susceptible to climate change. Hence, to reduce the level of vulnerability, it is advised that policymakers and other development partners who are interested in reducing vulnerability and building resilience to climate change should concentrate on boosting the productivity of land and livestock and consider the agroecological differences while developing climate change adaptation policies.

Published
2024
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2. Solving the one-warehouse N-retailers problem with stochastic demand: An inter-ratio policies approach

Author

Chavarro, Gabriela, Fresen, Matthaus, González, Esneyder Rafael, Ferro, David Barrera, and López-Ospina, Héctor

Subjects
Industrial engineering. Management engineering, T55.4-60.8, Production management. Operations management, TS155-194
Abstract

In this paper, we consider a two-echelon supply chain in which one warehouse provides a single product to N retailers, using integer-ratio policies. Deterministic version of the problem has been widely studied. However, this assumption can lead to inaccurate and ineffective decisions. In this research, we tackle the stochastic version of two-echelon inventory system by designing an extension of a well-known heuristic. This research considers customer demands as following a normal density function. A set of 240 random instances was generated and used in evaluating both the deterministic and stochastic solution approaches. Due to the nature of the objective function, evaluation was carried out via Monte Carlo simulation. For variable demand settings, computational experiments shows that: i) the use of average demand to define the inventory policy implies an underestimation of the total cost and ii) the newly proposed method offers cost savings.

Published
2021
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3. NLLG Quarterly arXiv Report 09/23: What are the most influential current AI Papers?

Author

Zhang, Ran, Kostikova, Aida, Leiter, Christoph, Belouadi, Jonas, Larionov, Daniil, Chen, Yanran, Fresen, Vivian, and Eger, Steffen

Subjects
Computer Science - Digital Libraries, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has witnessed rapid growth, especially in the subfields Natural Language Processing (NLP), Machine Learning (ML) and Computer Vision (CV). Keeping pace with this rapid progress poses a considerable challenge for researchers and professionals in the field. In this arXiv report, the second of its kind, which covers the period from January to September 2023, we aim to provide insights and analysis that help navigate these dynamic areas of AI. We accomplish this by 1) identifying the top-40 most cited papers from arXiv in the given period, comparing the current top-40 papers to the previous report, which covered the period January to June; 2) analyzing dataset characteristics and keyword popularity; 3) examining the global sectoral distribution of institutions to reveal differences in engagement across geographical areas. Our findings highlight the continued dominance of NLP: while only 16% of all submitted papers have NLP as primary category (more than 25% have CV and ML as primary category), 50% of the most cited papers have NLP as primary category, 90% of which target LLMs. Additionally, we show that i) the US dominates among both top-40 and top-9k papers, followed by China; ii) Europe clearly lags behind and is hardly represented in the top-40 most cited papers; iii) US industry is largely overrepresented in the top-40 most influential papers.

Published
2023

4. Language Models That Accurately Represent Syntactic Structure Exhibit Higher Representational Similarity To Brain Activity

Author

Fresen, Abraham Jacob, Choenni, Rochelle, Heilbron, Micha, Zuidema, Willem, and de Heer Kloots, Marianne

Subjects
Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Neuroscience, Linguistics, Natural Language Processing, fMRI
Abstract

We investigate whether more accurate representation of syntacticinformation in Transformer-based language models isassociated with better alignment to brain activity. We use fMRIrecordings from a large dataset (MOUS) of a Dutch sentencereading task, and perform Representational Similarity Analysisto measure alignment with 2 mono- and 3 multilinguallanguage models. We focus on activity in a region knownfor syntactic processing (the Left posterior Medial TemporalGyrus). We correlate model-brain similarity scores with theaccuracy of dependency structures extracted from model internalstates using a labelled structural probe. We report three keyfindings: 1) Accuracy of syntactic dependency representationscorrelates with brain similarity, 2) The link between brain similarityand dependency accuracy persists regardless of sentencecomplexity, although 3) Sentence complexity decreases dependencyaccuracy while increasing brain similarity. These resultshighlight how interpretable, linguistic features such as syntacticdependencies can mediate the similarity between languagemodels and brains

Published
2024

5. NLLG Quarterly arXiv Report 06/23: What are the most influential current AI Papers?

Author

Eger, Steffen, Leiter, Christoph, Belouadi, Jonas, Zhang, Ran, Kostikova, Aida, Larionov, Daniil, Chen, Yanran, and Fresen, Vivian

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Digital Libraries, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

The rapid growth of information in the field of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly in the subfields of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML), presents a significant challenge for researchers and practitioners to keep pace with the latest developments. To address the problem of information overload, this report by the Natural Language Learning Group at Bielefeld University focuses on identifying the most popular papers on arXiv, with a specific emphasis on NLP and ML. The objective is to offer a quick guide to the most relevant and widely discussed research, aiding both newcomers and established researchers in staying abreast of current trends. In particular, we compile a list of the 40 most popular papers based on normalized citation counts from the first half of 2023. We observe the dominance of papers related to Large Language Models (LLMs) and specifically ChatGPT during the first half of 2023, with the latter showing signs of declining popularity more recently, however. Further, NLP related papers are the most influential (around 60\% of top papers) even though there are twice as many ML related papers in our data. Core issues investigated in the most heavily cited papers are: LLM efficiency, evaluation techniques, ethical considerations, embodied agents, and problem-solving with LLMs. Additionally, we examine the characteristics of top papers in comparison to others outside the top-40 list (noticing the top paper's focus on LLM related issues and higher number of co-authors) and analyze the citation distributions in our dataset, among others., Comment: Technical Report

Published
2023

6. ChatGPT: A Meta-Analysis after 2.5 Months

Author

Leiter, Christoph, Zhang, Ran, Chen, Yanran, Belouadi, Jonas, Larionov, Daniil, Fresen, Vivian, and Eger, Steffen

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

ChatGPT, a chatbot developed by OpenAI, has gained widespread popularity and media attention since its release in November 2022. However, little hard evidence is available regarding its perception in various sources. In this paper, we analyze over 300,000 tweets and more than 150 scientific papers to investigate how ChatGPT is perceived and discussed. Our findings show that ChatGPT is generally viewed as of high quality, with positive sentiment and emotions of joy dominating in social media. Its perception has slightly decreased since its debut, however, with joy decreasing and (negative) surprise on the rise, and it is perceived more negatively in languages other than English. In recent scientific papers, ChatGPT is characterized as a great opportunity across various fields including the medical domain, but also as a threat concerning ethics and receives mixed assessments for education. Our comprehensive meta-analysis of ChatGPT's current perception after 2.5 months since its release can contribute to shaping the public debate and informing its future development. We make our data available.

Published
2023

7. Optimal tail comparison under convex majorization

Author

Fresen, Daniel J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, 60E05, 60E15
Abstract

Following results of Kemperman and Pinelis, we show that if $X$ and $Y$ are real valued random variables such that $\mathbb{E}\left\vert Y\right\vert<\infty$ and for all non-decreasing convex $\varphi:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow [0,\infty)$, $\mathbb{E}\varphi(X)\leq\mathbb{E}\varphi(Y)$, then for all $s\in\mathbb{R}$ with $\mathbb{P}\left\{Y>s\right\}\neq 0$, $\mathbb{P}\left\{X\geq\mathbb{E}\left(Y:Y>s\right)\right\}\leq\mathbb{P}\left\{Y>s\right\}$. This bound is sharp in essentially the strictest possible sense: for any such $Y$ and $s$ there exists such an $X$ with $\mathbb{P}\left\{X\geq \mathbb{E}\left(Y:Y>s\right)\right\}=\mathbb{P}\left\{Y>s\right\}$., Comment: 9 pages. Most of the material here was originally part of arXiv:2203.12523 and/or arXiv:1812.10938 and now stands as a paper on its own

Published
2022

8. Moment free deviation inequalities for linear combinations of independent random variables with power-type tails

Author

Fresen, Daniel J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, Mathematics - Functional Analysis, 60E05, 60E15, 46N30
Abstract

We present order of magnitude estimates for the quantiles of non-negative linear combinations of non-negative random variables, as well as deviation inequalities for general linear combinations of independent random variables, under the assumption that all random variables satisfy the same power-type tail bound on $\mathbb{P}\{\left\vert X_i\right\vert>t\}$ of the form $t^{-q}$, $t^{-q/2}$ or $t^{-q/2}(\ln t)^{q/2}$, for $q>2$. The third type is applicable in the nonlinear setting. In the situations we consider, these results improve on classical estimates of Nagaev., Comment: 29 pages. A significant amount of the material here was originally part of arXiv:2203.12523 and/or arXiv:1812.10938 and now stands as a paper on its own. This paper used to have the title 'Variations and extensions of the Gaussian concentration inequality, Part IIa: Linear case'

Published
2022

9. Convex subsets of non-convex Lorentz balls

Author

Fresen, Daniel J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Functional Analysis, Mathematics - Probability, 52A27, 52A30, 60E05, 60E15
Abstract

Many star bodies have convex subsets with approximately the same Gaussian measure (of the complement). Inspired by this phenomenon, and in connection with the randomized Dvoretzky theorem for Lorentz spaces, we derive bounds on the distribution of certain functions of a Gaussian random vector by approximating their sub-level sets by convex subsets., Comment: 18 pages. Most of the material here was originally part of arXiv:2104.11974 and now stands as a paper on its own

Published
2022

10. Variations and extensions of the Gaussian concentration inequality, Part II

Author

Fresen, Daniel J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, Mathematics - Statistics Theory, 60E05, 60E15, 46N30
Abstract

We prove concentration inequalities for $f\left( X\right) $ about its median, where $X$ is a random vector in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with independent heavy tailed coordinates of Weibull or power type, and $f:\mathbb{R}^n\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is a locally Lipschitz function. This paper is part of a series of four papers, Part I, Part II and two supporting papers. It can be read independently of Part I., Comment: 14 pages. The original paper, which was uploaded as a separate submission (arXiv:1812.10938), has been split into two papers, Part I and Part II; this is Part II

Published
2022

13. Random Euclidean embeddings in finite dimensional Lorentz spaces

Author

Fresen, Daniel J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Functional Analysis, Mathematics - Probability, 46B06, 46B07, 46B09, 52A21, 52A23
Abstract

Quantitative bounds for random embeddings of $\mathbb{R}^{k}$ into Lorentz sequence spaces are given, with improved dependence on $\varepsilon$., Comment: 32 pages

Published
2021

14. A simplified proof of CLT for convex bodies

Author

Fresen, Daniel J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, 52A20, 52A23, 60F05
Abstract

We present a short proof of Klartag's central limit theorem for convex bodies, using only the most classical facts about log-concave functions. An appendix is included where we give the proof that thin shell implies CLT. The paper is accessible to anyone., Comment: 11 pages, minor changes

Published
2019

15. Variations and extensions of the Gaussian concentration inequality, Part I

Author

Fresen, Daniel J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, 60E05, 60E15, 52A27, 52A30
Abstract

The classical Gaussian concentration inequality for Lipschitz functions is adapted to a setting where the classical assumptions (i.e. Lipschitz and Gaussian) are not met. The theory is more direct than much of the existing theory designed to handle related generalizations. An application is presented to linear combinations of heavy tailed random variables., Comment: 18 pages. The original arXiv version has been split into two separate papers, Part I and Part II; this is Part I. To appear in Quaest. Math

Published
2018

20. Prevalence and Association of Caries and Enamel Hypomineralisation/Molar-Incisor Hypomineralisation in 8- to 10-Year-Old Children from Bavaria, Germany.

Author

Fresen, Karl-Ferdinand, Gaballah, Ramy, Schill, Helen Irini, Amend, Stefanie, Sarpari, Kousha, Pitchika, Vinay, Krämer, Norbert, and Kühnisch, Jan

Subjects
*DEVELOPMENTAL defects of enamel, *PERMANENT dentition, *DENTAL caries, *ODDS ratio, *LOGISTIC regression analysis
Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this cross-sectional epidemiological study was to record caries and enamel hypomineralisation (EH), including molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), and assess associations between both entities in 8- to 10-year-olds from Bavaria, Germany. Methods: A total of 5,418 children (mean age 9.8 years; 2,726 females, 2,692 males) were examined using the dmft/DMFT index with additional inclusion of initial or non-cavitated carious lesions (it/IT). EHs were recorded in the primary (eh) and permanent dentition (EH), and individuals with different EH phenotypes were determined as follows: at least one EH, at least one hypomineralised second primary molar (HSPM), at least one hypomineralised first permanent molar (MIH), and at least one hypomineralised first permanent molar and incisor (M+IH). Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to assess association between caries and EH. Results: The percentage of children without caries in the permanent dentition (DMF = 0) was 88.9%. When data regarding initial carious lesions were included (IDMF = 0), the prevalence decreased to 75.7%. The caries experience was idmf/t = 1.6 and the IDMF/T = 0.6. The mean number of carious teeth in subjects with no eh/EH was higher than that in subjects with HSPM, MIH, or M+IH. The presence of HSPM, MIH, and M+IH was associated with a significantly lower probability of caries in the permanent dentition; the corresponding adjusted odds ratios were 0.55 (95% CI: 0.41−0.75), 0.67 (95% CI: 0.56−0.81), and 0.54 (95% CI: 0.41−0.72), respectively. Conclusions: Caries and EH are prevalent conditions in 8- to 10-year-old Bavarian schoolchildren; both dental diseases were negatively associated with each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Concentration of random polytopes around the expected convex hull

Author

Fresen, Daniel J. and Vitale, Richard A.

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, Mathematics - Functional Analysis, 60D05, 60F99, 52A20, 52A22, 52B11
Abstract

We provide a streamlined proof and improved estimates for the weak multivariate Gnedenko law of large numbers on concentration of random polytopes within the space of convex bodies (in a fixed or a high dimensional setting), as well as a corresponding strong law of large numbers., Comment: 9 pages

Published
2014

22. Factors Influencing Lecturer Uptake of E-Learning

Author

Fresen, Jill W.

Abstract

This paper reports on two research projects, one completed and a partial follow-up study in the early stages of investigation. The first study investigated a range of factors that directly affect the quality of web-supported learning opportunities. The outcome of that study is a taxonomy of critical success factors for quality web-supported learning based on six categories: institutional factors, technical factors, pedagogical factors, instructional design factors, lecturer factors and student factors. The new study takes as starting point one of the categories of the taxonomy, namely lecturer factors. Using appropriate media effectively should be seen as part of the development of personal and teaching proficiencies. However the literature reveals that there remain various barriers to academics adopting learning technologies as a matter of course in their practice and that the uptake of institutional e-learning systems remains in the hands of enthusiasts. Academics need to be supported in investigating the use of appropriate technology to enhance and expand their teaching practices. A research study is underway at Oxford University (UK) to determine the level of uptake of the virtual learning environment, as well as the barriers and limitations that academic staff encounter in moving forward along the technology adoption curve (Moore, 1999).

Published
2011

23. Designing to Promote Access, Quality, and Student Support in an Advanced Certificate Programme for Rural Teachers in South Africa

Author

Fresen, Jill W. and Hendrikz, Johan

Abstract

This paper reports on the re-design of the Advanced Certificate in Education (ACE) programme, which is offered by the University of Pretoria through distance education (DE) to teachers in rural South Africa. In 2007, a team re-designed the programme with the goal of promoting access, quality, and student support. The team included an independent body, the South African Institute of Distance Education (SAIDE), and various education specialists. Training workshops for academics and a comprehensive internal and external review process contributed to the quality of the re-designed programme. Interactive web-based technologies were not included because of poor Internet connectivity; however, the authors note the use and potential of cell phone technology for DE programmes. Student support was enhanced by an additional short contact session, a capping assignment, a CD-ROM, and decentralised tutoring at contact venues. The programme was re-evaluated and approved in 2008, and the re-design methodology now guides similar projects. (Contains 6 figures and 3 footnotes.)

Published
2009

24. Explicit Euclidean Embeddings in Permutation Invariant Normed Spaces

Author

Fresen, Daniel

Subjects
Mathematics - Functional Analysis, 46B06, 46B07, 52A20, 52A21, 52A23
Abstract

Let $(X,\left\Vert \cdot \right\Vert )$ be a real normed space of dimension $N\in \mathbb{N}$ with a basis $(e_{i})_{1}^{N}$ such that the norm is invariant under coordinate permutations. Assume for simplicity that the basis constant is at most $2$. Consider any $n\in \mathbb{N}$ and $0<\varepsilon <1/4$ such that $n\leq c(\log \varepsilon ^{-1})^{-1}\log N$. We provide an explicit construction of a matrix that generates a $(1+\varepsilon )$ embedding of $\ell _{2}^{n}$ into $X$., Comment: 14 pages

Published
2013

25. Euclidean arrangements in Banach spaces

Author

Fresen, Daniel J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Functional Analysis, 46B20, 52A23, 46B09, 52A21, 46B07
Abstract

We study the way in which the Euclidean subspaces of a Banach space fit together, somewhat in the spirit of the Ka\v{s}in decomposition. The main tool that we introduce is an estimate regarding the convex hull of a convex body in John's position with a Euclidean ball of a given radius, which leads to a new and simplified proof of the randomized isomorphic Dvoretzky theorem. Our results also include a characterization of spaces with nontrivial cotype in terms of arrangements of Euclidean subspaces., Comment: 22 pages

Published
2013

26. Usability Methodology and Testing for a Virtual Learning Environment

Author

Laurent, Xavier, Fresen, Jill, and Burholt, Stephen

Abstract

This article describes a usability evaluation that was conducted among student users of improved learning areas (sites) designed as part of the WebLearn Improved Student Experience (WISE) project conducted at Oxford University (UK). WebLearn is the university's internal brand for the Sakai open source virtual learning environment (VLE). The project benefited from central university funding to support 19 departments, faculties and other academic units to fast-track the development and improvement of their WebLearn presence in order to enhance the student learning experience. This was the first time in the Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL) team that formal usability testing had been carried out on the VLE used by staff and students for both full distance and blended learning study programmes. The WISE team members devised a methodology to assess certain usability criteria that would be helpful in the context of the project. The methodology included various techniques generally used in usability testing such as first-click testing, scenarios, focus group discussion and memory tasks. The methods and tasks presented in this paper could be further refined and used as guidelines for usability testing on other systems or VLE-related projects.

Published
2018

27. Embracing Distance Education in a Blended Learning Model: Challenges and Prospects

Author

Fresen, Jill W.

Abstract

Distance education reaches out to non-traditional students in geographically dispersed locations, who are unable to attend face-to-face classes. Contact institutions have been quick to realise the many advantages of distance (online) learning, such as easy access to learning materials, interactive activities, assessment and communication tools. However, the path to anything approaching dual-mode provision has not been without obstacles. In South Africa in the early 2000s, the Council on Higher Education reinforced the mandate of distance education universities and decreed that contact institutions should not encroach on this territory. Subsequently, various frameworks and guidelines emerged which can inform current consideration of dual-mode provision. This practitioner report presents two case studies (University of Pretoria, South Africa; and University of Oxford, United Kingdom) which explore the implications for contact institutions in expanding their provision to include distance education.

Published
2018
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28. Exponential and Gaussian behavior in the tails of multivariate functions

Author

Fresen, Daniel

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, Mathematics - Functional Analysis, Mathematics - Statistics Theory, 26B35, 60F05, 60G55, 60G70
Abstract

We observe that approximate copies of the function $\Lambda _{n}:\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow (0,\infty )$ defined by \begin{equation*} \Lambda _{n}(x)=\exp \left( -x_{1}-\pi \sum_{i=2}^{n}x_{i}^{2}\right) \end{equation*} appear in the tails of a large class of functions, with properties related to coordinate independence, convexity, homotheticity, and homogeneity. The function $\Lambda _{n}$ is an entropy maximizer (on a half-space) that is uniquely determined by a homogeneity condition together with rotational invariance about the $x_{1}$ direction and its behavior near the origin. These results are connected to the limiting Poisson point processes found near the edges of large random samples, as well as the conditioning of random vectors on certain rare events, and can be thought of as variations of Laplace's method for estimating integrals., Comment: 28 pages

Published
2011

29. Comments on the floating body and the hyperplane conjecture

Author

Fresen, Daniel

Subjects
Mathematics - Functional Analysis, Mathematics - Probability, 52A23, 52A20, 52A21, 52A38
Abstract

We provide a reformulation of the hyperplane conjecture (the slicing problem) in terms of the floating body and give upper and lower bounds on the logarithmic Hausdorff distance between an arbitrary convex body $K\subset \mathbb{R}^{d}$\ and the convex floating body $K_{\delta}$ inside $K$., Comment: 8 pages

Published
2011

30. Simultaneous concentration of order statistics

Author

Fresen, Daniel

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, Statistics - Other Statistics, 62G30, 60G55
Abstract

Let $\mu$ be a probability measure on $\mathbb{R}$ with cumulative distribution function $F$, $(x_{i})_{1}^{n}$ a large i.i.d. sample from $\mu$, and $F_{n}$ the associated empirical distribution function. The Glivenko-Cantelli theorem states that with probability 1, $F_{n}$ converges uniformly to $F$. In so doing it describes the macroscopic structure of $\{x_{i}\}_{1}^{n}$, however it is insensitive to the position of individual points. Indeed any subset of $o(n)$ points can be perturbed at will without disturbing the convergence. We provide several refinements of the Glivenko-Cantelli theorem which are sensitive not only to the global structure of the sample but also to individual points. Our main result provides conditions that guarantee simultaneous concentration of all order statistics. The example of main interest is the normal distribution., Comment: 10 pages

Published
2011

31. A multivariate Gnedenko law of large numbers

Author

Fresen, Daniel

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, Mathematics - Functional Analysis
Abstract

We show that the convex hull of a large i.i.d. sample from an absolutely continuous log-concave distribution approximates a predetermined convex body in the logarithmic Hausdorff distance and in the Banach-Mazur distance. For log-concave distributions that decay super-exponentially, we also have approximation in the Hausdorff distance. These results are multivariate versions of the Gnedenko law of large numbers, which guarantees concentration of the maximum and minimum in the one-dimensional case. We provide quantitative bounds in terms of the number of points and the dimension of the ambient space., Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOP804 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)

Published
2011
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32. Mathematics 2. Teacher's Guide [and Student Guide]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptional Student Education., Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Bureau of Instructional Support and Community Services., Walker, Linda, and Fresen, Sue

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student guide are designed to accompany a mathematics textbook that contains supplemental readings, activities, and methods adapted for secondary students who have disabilities and other students with diverse learning needs. The materials are designed to help these students succeed in regular education content courses and include simplified text and smaller units of study. The curriculum correlates to Florida's Sunshine State Standards and is divided into the following 5 units of study: (1) number sense, concepts, and operations; (2) measurement and scale drawings; (3) geometry; (4) creating and interpreting patterns and relationships, including creating and interpreting tables, identifying and plotting pairs, using concepts about numbers, and using and writing algebraic expressions; and (5) probability and statistics, including experimental and theoretical probability, mean, mode, median, and range, graphing data, collecting, organizing and displaying data, circle graphs, stem-and-leaf plotting, and solving problems involving statistics and probability. For each unit, the teachers guide includes a general description of the unit's content and the unit's focus, provides suggestions for enrichment, and contains an assessment to measure student performance. Appendices in the teacher's guide describe instructional strategies, list enrichment suggestions, contain suggestions for specific strategies to facilitate inclusion, and contain a chart describing standards and benchmarks. The student guide contains vocabulary lists, explanation of content, and practice exercises designed to evaluate comprehension. (Contains 11 references.) (CR)

Published
2001

34. American History--Part 2. Teacher's Guide [and Student Workbook]. Revised. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL., Fresen, Sue, Logan, Joshua, and McCarron, Kathleen

Abstract

This teacher's and student's guide is part of a series of content-centered packages of supplemental reading, activities, and methods adapted for students who have disabilities. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS) materials are designed to help these students succeed in regular education content courses. The content in PASS differs from standard textbooks and workbooks in several ways: simplified text, smaller units of study, reduced vocabulary level, increased frequency of drill and practice, less cluttered format, and presentation of skills in small, sequential steps. The material is designed to supplement state-adapted textbooks and other instructional materials. This guide is intended for teachers and students of American history and covers the time period from 1924 to the present. The content is based on the Florida Curriculum Frameworks and correlates to the Sunshine State Standards. It is divided into 11 units of study that correspond to the social studies strands. Each unit in the teacher's guide contains: a description of the unit focus, suggestions for enrichment, an assessment, and an answer key. The teacher's guide appendices include instructional strategies, teaching suggestions, inclusion suggestions, and a chart that correlates relevant benchmarks from the Sunshine State Standards with the course requirements. The student workbook contains vocabulary, an explanation of the content, and practice exercises designed to evaluate comprehension. (Contains 30 references.) (CR)

Published
2000

35. American History--Part 1. Teacher's Guide [and Student Workbook]. Revised. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL., Fresen, Sue, Logan, Joshua, and McCarron, Kathleen

Abstract

This teacher's and student's guide is part of a series of content-centered packages of supplemental reading, activities, and methods adapted for students who have disabilities. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS) materials are designed to help these students succeed in regular education content courses. The content in PASS differs from standard textbooks and workbooks in several ways: simplified text, smaller units of study, reduced vocabulary level, increased frequency of drill and practice, less cluttered format, and presentation of skills in small, sequential steps. The material is designed to supplement state-adapted textbooks and other instructional materials. This guide is intended for teachers and students of American history and covers the time period prior to 1763 until 1940. The content is based on the Florida Curriculum Frameworks and correlates to the Sunshine State Standards. It is divided into 16 units of study that correspond to the social studies strands. Each unit in the teacher's guide contains: a description of the unit focus, suggestions for enrichment, an assessment, and an answer key. The teacher's guide appendices include instructional strategies, teaching suggestions, inclusion suggestions, and a chart that correlates relevant benchmarks from the Sunshine State Standards with the course requirements. The student workbook contains vocabulary, an explanation of the content, and practice exercises designed to evaluate comprehension. (Contains 28 references.) (CR)

Published
2000

36. Economics. Teacher's Guide [and Student Guide]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Bureau of Instructional Support and Community Services., Chambliss, Robert, and Fresen, Sue

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student guide unit contains supplemental readings, activities, and methods adapted for secondary students who have disabilities and other students with diverse learning needs. The curriculum correlates to Florida's Sunshine State Standards and is divided into the following six units of study: (1) introduction to economics, which addresses opportunity cost, supply and demand, different types of resources, entrepreneurship, property, and economic rent; (2) economic systems, which addresses the market system, command economic system, government controlled command economy, mixed economics, and measuring government control of the economy; (3) supply and demand, which addresses elastic and inelastic demand, fair market price, and profit; (4) economic institutions, which addresses types of business competition, business organizations, the role of banking institutions, and government regulation of the money supply; (5) taxes; and (6) an examination of the American economy, which addresses tools for measuring economic growth, tariffs and unemployment. The teacher's guide includes a general description of each unit's content and focus, provides suggestions for enrichment, and contains an assessment to measure student performance. The student guide includes case studies and practice activities. Appendices describe instructional strategies, list enrichment suggestions, contain suggestions for specific strategies to facilitate inclusion, and contain a chart describing standards and benchmarks. (Contains 37 references.) (CR)

Published
2000

37. American Government. Teacher's Guide [and Student Workbook]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptional Student Education., Fresen, Sue, and Wilson, Kelly

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student workbook are part of a series of content-centered packages of supplemental readings, activities, and methods adapted for secondary students who have disabilities and other students with diverse learning needs. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS) materials are designed to help those students succeed in regular education content courses. The content in PASS differs from standard textbooks and workbooks in several ways: simplified text, smaller units of study, reduced vocabulary level, increased frequency of drill and practice exercises, less cluttered format, and presentation of skills in small, sequential steps. The material is designed to supplement state-adapted textbooks and other instructional materials. Both texts correlate to Florida's Sunshine State Standards and are divided into the following 10 units of study: (1) structure and function of government; (2) foundations of American government; (3) the federal system of American government; (4) the three branches of government; (5) influencing government; (6) civil rights; (7) government transformation in the 1920s and 1930s; (8) domestic policy and foreign affairs; (9) the politics of a democracy; and (10) personal involvement. For each unit, the teacher's guide includes a general description of the unit's content and the unit's focus, provides suggestions for enrichment, and contains an assessment to measure student performance. Appendices in the guide describe instructional strategies, list enrichment suggestions, contain suggestions for specific strategies to facilitate inclusion, and contain a chart describing standards and benchmarks. The student workbook contains vocabulary, an explanation of content, and practice exercises designed to evaluate comprehension.(Contains 10 references.) (CR)

Published
2000

38. World History--Part 1. Teacher's Guide [and Student Guide]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptional Student Education., Schaap, Eileen, and Fresen, Sue

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student guide unit contains supplemental readings, activities, and methods adapted for secondary students who have disabilities and other students with diverse learning needs. The unit focuses on world history and correlates to Florida's Sunshine State Standards. It is divided into the following 21 units of study that correspond to identified social studies strands: (1) the study of history, geography, and culture; (2) Ancient Egypt; (3) early civilizations in the fertile crescent; early civilizations in India and China; (5) Ancient Greece; (6) Ancient Rome; (7) the Byzantine Empire and the rise of Islam; (8) middle ages in Europe; (9) empires in India, China, and Japan; (10) empires in Africa and the Americas; (11) the Renaissance and the Reformation; (12) exploration and colonization; (13) nation-states; (14) the age of absolution in Europe; (15) ideas leading to revolution; (16) the French Revolution; (17) revolution in Latin America; (18) Europe; (19) Great Britain; (20) France; and (21) nationalism. For each unit, the guide includes a general description of the unit's content and describes the unit's focus, provides suggestions for enrichment, and contains and assessment to measure student performance. Appendices describe instructional strategies, list enrichment suggestions, contain suggestions for specific strategies to facilitate inclusion, and contain a chart describing standards and benchmarks. (Contains 74 references.) (CR)

Published
2000

39. World History--Part 2: Teacher's Guide [and Student Guide]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptional Student Education., Schaap, Eileen, and Fresen, Sue

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student guide unit contains supplemental readings, activities, and methods adapted for secondary students who have disabilities and other students with diverse learning needs. The materials differ from standard textbooks and workbooks in several ways: simplified text; smaller units of study; reduced vocabulary level; increased frequency of drill and practice; concise directions; and presentation of skills in small, sequential steps. The unit focuses on world history and correlates to Florida's Sunshine State Standards. It is divided into the following 12 units of study that correspond to identified social studies strands: (1) the Industrial Revolution; (2) major events and achievements of the 19th century; (3) imperialism; (4) World War I and aftermath; (5) the Russian Revolution and the Soviet regime; (6) the world between the wars; (7) Fascist dictators; (8) buildup and events of World War II; (9) the Cold War and postwar period of Europe; (10) Asia; (11) the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America; and the (12) fall of the Soviet Union. For each unit, the guide includes a description of the unit's content and describes the focus, provides suggestions for enrichment, and contains an assessment to measure student performance. Appendices in the teacher's guide include recommended instructional strategies and teaching suggestions. Appendices in the student guide include excerpts from Nazi war criminal and Holocaust survivor testimonials. (Contains 112 references.) (CR)

Published
2000

40. Biology. Teacher's Guide [and Student Workbook]. Revised Edition. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL., Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Bureau of Instructional Support and Community Services., Danner, Greg, and Fresen, Sue

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student workbook for biology are part of a series of supplementary curriculum packages of alternative methods and activities designed to meet the needs of Florida secondary students with mild disabilities or other special learning needs. Content is based on the Florida Curriculum Frameworks and correlates to the Sunshine State Standards. The PASS (Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students) teacher's guide and student workbook in biology contain 11 units. Each unit in the teacher's guide includes an overview, a list of student goals, suggestions for enrichment, a unit assessment, and answer keys. The following units are covered in both texts: (1) "Biology and the Scientific Method"; (2) "Identifying Living Things"; (3) "The Cell--The Basic Unit of Life"; (4) "Cell Growth and Reproduction"; (5) "Genetics: The Science of Heredity"; (6) "The Changing Nature of Life"; (7) "The Diversity of Living Things"; (8) "Systems of the Body"; (9) "More Human Body Systems"; (10) "Florida's Living Treasures"; and (11) "Science and the Environment." Appendices to the teacher's guide offer instructional strategies, teaching suggestions, accommodations/modifications for students, and correlations to the Sunshine State Standards. The student workbook contains vocabulary, an explanation of content, and practice exercises designed to evaluate comprehension. (Contains 20 references.) (DB)

Published
1999

41. Physical Science. Teacher's Guide [and Student Guide]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptional Student Education., Danner, Greg, and Fresen, Sue

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student guide unit contains supplemental readings, activities, and methods adapted for secondary students who have disabilities and other students with diverse learning needs. The materials are designed to help these students succeed in regular education content courses and include simplified text and smaller units of study. The curriculum correlates to Florida's Sunshine State Standards and is divided into the following 21 units of study: (1) scientific method; (2) scientific measurements; (3) matter; (4) changes in matter; (5) introduction to the atom; (6) atomic theory; (7) structure of matter; (8) chemical equations; (9) solutions and suspensions; (10) acids, bases, and salts; (11) chemical reactions; (12) energy, work, force, and power; (13) forms of energy; (14) forces and motions; (15) machines; (16) magnetism; (17) electricity; (18) nuclear energy; (19) heat; (20) waves; and (21) science, society, and the world. The teacher's guide includes a general description of each unit's content focus, provides suggestions for enrichment, and contains an assessment to measure student performance. Appendices describe instructional strategies, list enrichment suggestions, contain suggestions for specific strategies to facilitate inclusion, and contain a chart describing standards and benchmarks. The student guide includes practices and lab activities. (Contains 32 references.) (CR)

Published
1999

42. English IV. Teacher's Guide [and Student Workbook]. Revised. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptional Student Education., Atkinson, Missy, Fresen, Sue, MacEnulty, Patricia, and McLain, Janice

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student workbook are part of a series of content-centered supplementary curriculum packages of alternative methods and activities designed to help secondary students who have disabilities and those with diverse learning needs succeed in the regular education content courses. The content of Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS) materials differs from standard textbooks and workbooks in several ways. Simplified text, smaller units of study, reduced vocabulary level, increased frequency of drill and practice exercises, less cluttered format, and presentation of skills in small, sequential steps. The material is designed to supplement state-adapted textbooks and other instructional materials. Both texts are based on the Florida Curriculum Frameworks and correlates to the Sunshine State Standards. They are divided into units of study which correspond to the Language Arts Strands of the state standards. The content focuses on concepts, instructional text, and activities and culminates with an application for students to demonstrate learning. Each unit in the teacher's guide includes an overview, suggestions for enrichment, unit assessment, and answer keys. The units are: (1) Integrating Multimedia Technology--Traveling the Information Highway; (2) Reading British Literature--The Voices of England; (3) Writing--How To Apply What You Know; and (4) Listening, Viewing, Speaking--The Keys to Understanding. Five appendices in the guide include some suggested instructional strategies, teaching suggestions, accommodations/modifications for students, a vocabulary word list, and information on correlation to state standards. The student workbook contains vocabulary, an explanation of the content and practice exercises designed to evaluate comprehension. (Contains 39 references.) (DB)

Published
1999

43. English II. Teacher's Guide [and Student Workbook]. Revised. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptional Student Education. and Fresen, Sue

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student workbook are part of a series of content-centered supplementary curriculum packages of alternative methods and activities designed to help secondary students who have disabilities and those with diverse learning needs succeed in regular education content courses. The content of Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS) materials differs from standard textbooks and workbooks in several ways. Simplified text, smaller units of study, reduced vocabulary level, increased frequency of drill and practice exercises, less cluttered format, and presentation of skills in small, sequential steps. The material is designed to supplement state-adapted textbooks and other instructional materials. Both texts are based on the Florida Curriculum Frameworks and correlates to the Sunshine State Standards. They are divided into six units of study which correspond to the Language Arts Strands of the state standards. The content focuses on concepts, instructional text, and activities and culminates with an application for students to demonstrate learning. Each unit in the teacher's guide includes an overview, suggestions for enrichment, unit assessment, and answer keys. Five appendices in the guide include some instructional strategies, teaching suggestions, accommodations/modifications for students, a vocabulary word list, and information on correlation to state standards. The student workbook contains vocabulary, an explanation of the content, and practice exercises designed to evaluate comprehension. (Contains 36 references.) (DB)

Published
1998

44. English III. Teacher's Guide [and Student Workbook]. Revised. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

Author

Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptional Student Education., Atkinson, Missy, Fresen, Sue, Goldstein, Jeren, Harrell, Stephanie, MacEnulty, Patricia, and McLain, Janice

Abstract

This teacher's guide and student workbook are part of a series of content-centered supplementary curriculum packages of alternative methods and activities designed to help secondary students who have disabilities and those with diverse learning needs succeed in regular education content courses. The content of Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS) materials differs from standard textbooks and workbooks in several ways. Simplified text, smaller units of study, reduced vocabulary level, increased frequency of drill and practice exercises, less cluttered format, and presentation of skills in small, sequential steps. The material is designed to supplement state-adapted textbooks and other instructional materials. Both texts are based on the Florida Curriculum Frameworks and correlates to the Sunshine State Standards. They are divided into units o study which correspond to the Language Arts Strands of the state standards. The content focuses on concepts, instructional text, and activities and culminates with an application for students to demonstrate learning. Each unit in the teacher's guide includes an overview, suggestions for enrichment, unit assessment, and answer keys. The units are: (1) Online Technology--Using the World Wide Web; (2) Reading--Knowledge and Understanding; (3) Writing--Create a Research Report; (4) Revising and Editing--Polish Your Research Report; (5) Listening, Viewing, Speaking--Send and Receive the Message; and (6) Literature--The Language of America. Five appendices in the guide include some instructional strategies, teaching suggestions, accommodations/modifications for students, a vocabulary word list, and information on correlation to state standards. The student workbook contains vocabulary, an explanation of the content, and practice exercises designed to evaluate comprehension. (Contains 36 references.) (DB)

Published
1998

48. A Collection of Suggested Electronic Course Templates for Use in Higher Education

Author

Fresen, Jill W., Hill, Robin K., and Geng, Fawei

Abstract

The collection of electronic course templates suggested in this article results from collaborative investigation between instructional support staff and academic staff users of the virtual learning environment (VLE) at two institutions, one in the United Kingdom and the other in the United States. The particular VLE in use at both institutions was Sakai, although the experience described here can be applied to the design process and workflow using any VLE that allows the selection and some configuration of standard tools. We applied the lattice model of Hill, Fresen and Geng (2012) to design and build a set of six course site templates, which are used as the basis on which site owners can easily build new sites in the VLE. As the ultimate goal of template provision is to underpin pedagogy, academics are free to use a template or build a site from scratch, based on their own teaching context, and they may adapt any template according to the pedagogical purpose and nature of the course. The underlying assumptions are that academic staff retain full control over the content, tools and permissions in their new site. The templates are not mutually exclusive--that is, aspects from any template may be incorporated, where applicable, into another one. We conclude that it is helpful for the VLE support team to take the lead in proposing a set of templates according to the predominant teaching and learning models in use at a particular institution, which may contribute to consistency across course sites and ultimately result in an improved student learning experience.

Published
2014
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