1. Adaptation to climate through flowering phenology: a case study in Medicago truncatula
- Author
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Maxime Bonhomme, Jean Marie Prosperi, Nevin D. Young, Peter Tiffin, Nathalie Chantret, Concetta Burgarella, Joëlle Ronfort, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Evolution des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Department of plant pathology, INRA (French National Institute of Agronomical Research) Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, ARCAD, a flagship project of the Agropolis Foundation, NSF : 1237993, French laboratory of excellence project (LABEX) 'TULIP' : ANR-10-LABX-41, ANR-11-IDEX-0002,UNITI,Université Fédérale de Toulouse(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010), Burgarella, Concetta, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,Candidate gene ,association genetics ,Acclimatization ,Climate ,mixed model ,Quantitative Trait Loci ,climate adaptation ,Flowers ,flowering time ,candidate genes ,Biology ,Quantitative trait locus ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,adaptation au climat ,03 medical and health sciences ,Africa, Northern ,Genetic variation ,Genetics ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Models, Genetic ,floraison ,Ecology ,Phenology ,fungi ,food and beverages ,medicago truncatula ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,Phenotype ,phénologie ,Medicago truncatula ,Agricultural sciences ,Europe ,Genetics, Population ,030104 developmental biology ,13. Climate action ,Multigene Family ,Trait ,Adaptation ,Sciences agricoles - Abstract
AGAP : équipe GEpop; International audience; Local climatic conditions likely constitute an important selective pressure on genes underlying important fitness-related traits such as flowering time and in many species flowering phenology and climatic gradients strongly covary. To test whether climate shapes genetic variation on flowering time genes and to identify candidate flowering genes involved in the adaptation to environmental heterogeneity, we used a large M. truncatula core collection to examine the association between nucleotide polymorphisms at 224 candidate genes and both climate variables and flowering phenotypes. Unlike genome-wide studies, candidate gene approaches are expected to enrich for the number of meaningful trait associations because they specifically target genes that are known to affect the trait of interest. We found that flowering time mediates adaptation to climatic conditions mainly by variation at genes located upstream in the flowering pathways, close to the environmental stimuli. Variables related to the annual precipitation regime reflected selective constraints on flowering time genes better than the other variables tested (temperature, altitude, latitude or longitude). By comparing phenotype and climate associations, we identified 12 flowering genes as the most promising candidates responsible for phenological adaptation to climate. Four of these genes were located in the known flowering time QTL region on chromosome 7. However, climate and flowering associations also highlighted largely distinct gene sets, suggesting different genetic architectures for adaptation to climate and flowering onset.
- Published
- 2016
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