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In this paper, I describe the practice of sharing and eating wild meat amongst the Orochen in northeast China, a community of hunters who are no longer allowed to hunt due to state conservation policies. I show how for Orochen meat is the material intermediary between the human and nonhuman worlds, offered to the fire before meals and to animal spirit-masters during hunting. I suggest this demands reflection of what we might call the ontology of meat: that is, how it is experienced as an extra-ordinary and relational substance with the 'lived' capacity to act. I show how this contrasts with the Chinese state, which sees wild meat as a material substance only and, in the context of conservation, as something to be measured and controlled through the protection of wild animals. I suggest that, for the Orochen, to eat and share wild meat is an act of everyday resistance embedded in secrecy, as well as a way of rendering into action their ontology of relational existence and participation in the wider socio-cosmic economy of sharing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the major bacterial pathogen colonizing the airways of adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and causes chronic infections that persist despite antibiotic therapy. Intracellular bacteria may represent an unrecognized reservoir of bacteria that evade the immune system and antibiotic therapy. Although the ability of P. aeruginosa to invade and survive within epithelial cells has been described in vitro in different epithelial cell models, evidence of this intracellular lifestyle in human lung tissues is currently lacking. Objectives: To detect and characterize intracellular P. aeruginosa in CF airway epithelium from human lung explant tissues. Methods: We sampled lung explant tissues from patients with CF undergoing lung transplantation and non-CF lung donor control tissue. We analyzed lung tissue sections for the presence of intracellular P. aeruginosa using quantitative culture and microscopy, in parallel to histopathology and airway morphometry. Measurements and Main Results:P. aeruginosa was isolated from the lungs of seven patients with CF undergoing lung transplantation. Microscopic assessment revealed the presence of intracellular P. aeruginosa within airway epithelial cells in three of the seven patients analyzed at a varying but low frequency. We observed those events occurring in lung regions with high bacterial burden. Conclusions: This is the first study describing the presence of intracellular P. aeruginosa in CF lung tissues. Although intracellular P. aeruginosa in airway epithelial cells is likely relatively rare, our findings highlight the plausible occurrence of this intracellular bacterial reservoir in chronic CF infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context.--In the early 1900s, it was common practice to retain, prepare, and display instructive pathologic specimens to teach pathology to medical trainees and practitioners; these collections were called medical museums. Maude Abbott, MD, established her reputation by developing expertise in all aspects of medical museum work. She was a founder of the International Association of Medical Museums (later renamed the International Academy of Pathology) and became an internationally renowned expert on congenital heart disease. Her involvement in the Canadian Medical War Museum (CMWM) is less well known. Objective.--To explore Abbott's role in the development of the CMWM during and after World War I and to trace its history. Design.--Available primary and secondary historical sources were reviewed. Results.--Instructive pathologic specimens derived from Canadian soldiers dying during World War I were shipped to the Royal College of Surgeons in London, which served as a clearinghouse for museum specimens from Dominion forces. The Canadian specimens were repatriated to Canada, prepared by Abbott, and displayed at several medical meetings. Abbott, because she was a woman, could not enlist and so she reported to a series of enlisted physicians with no expertise in museology. Plans for a permanent CMWM building in Ottawa eventually failed and Abbott maintained the collection at McGill (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) until her death in 1940. We trace the CMWM after her death. Conclusions.--Sadly, after Abbott had meticulously prepared these precious teaching specimens so that their previous owners' ultimate sacrifice would continue to help their military brethren, the relics were bureaucratically lost. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2017-0425-HP, Maude Abbott, MD (1869-1940) (Figure 1) is one of the best known Canadian physicians of the 20th century. (1-5) In addition to having important and well-known roles in the founding [...]

In this paper, I describe the experience of rural-urban migration amongst herders to Ulaanbaatar's ger-districts. I show how this problematises conventional notions of rural-urban migration and suggests a particular form of urbanisation in Mongolia. Following one particular household as they move from the countryside to the city, I show how for many new migrants adaptation to urban life is tied to the transposition of existing skills – and the learning of new skills – in the new urban context. I also show some of the more problematic aspects of life in the ger-districts, including the devaluation of herding skills and the existential impact of deskilment on gender and identity. In the process, I develop a phenomenologically-grounded political-economy of skill, whereby social, economic, and political change can be traced at the level of human embodiment and polydirectional experiences of enskilment and deskilment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neurogenesis persists in the adult mammalian hippocampus. To identify and isolate neuronal progenitor cells of the adult human hippocampus, we transfected ventricular zone-free dissociates of surgically-excised dentate gyrus with DNA encoding humanized green fluorescent protein (hGFP), placed under the control of either the nestin enhancer (E/nestin) or the T[alpha]1 tubulin promoter (P/T[alpha]1), two regulatory regions that direct transcription in neural progenitor cells. The resultant P/T[alpha]1:hGFP[sup.+] and E/nestin:enhanced (E)GFP[sup.+] cells expressed [beta]III-tubulin or microtubule-associated protein-2; many incorporated bromodeoxyuridine, indicating their genesis in vitro. Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, the E/nestin:EGFP[sup.+] and P/T[alpha]1:hGFP[sup.+] cells were isolated to near purity, and matured antigenically and physiologically as neurons. Thus, the adult human hippocampus contains mitotically competent neuronal progenitors that can be selectively extracted. The isolation of these cells may provide a cellular substrate for re-populating the damaged or degenerated adult hippocampus., Author(s): Neeta Singh Roy [1]; Su Wang [1]; Li Jiang [4]; Jian Kang [4]; Abdellatif Benraiss [1]; Catherine Harrison-Restelli [1]; Richard A. R. Fraser [2]; William T. Couldwell [3]; Ayano [...]