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1. NewATHENA optics technology

Author

Bavdaz, Marcos, primary, Wille, Eric, additional, Ayre, Mark, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Girou, David, additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, Schurink, Bart, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Ferreira, Desiree Della Monica, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Christensen, Finn Erland, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Skroblin, Dieter, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Salmaso, Bianca, additional, Moretti, Alberto, additional, Spiga, Daniele, additional, Basso, Stefano, additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Vernani, Dervis, additional, Lupton, Paul, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Dunnell, Ethan, additional, Riede, Mirko, additional, Korhonen, Tapio, additional, Pasanen, Mikko, additional, Sanchez, Alejandro, additional, Heinis, Dominique, additional, Colldelram, Carles, additional, Tordi, Massimiliano, additional, Niewrzella, Norman, additional, and Willingale, Richard, additional

Published
2023
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2. Status of the demonstration of the critical technologies of the ATHENA telescope

Author

Ferreira, Ivo, primary, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Ayre, Mark, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Christensen, Finn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Skroblin, Dieter, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Tagliaferri, Gianpiero, additional, Salmaso, Bianca, additional, Basso, Stefano, additional, Moretti, Alberto, additional, Spiga, Daniele, additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Vernani, Dervis, additional, Lupton, Paul, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Phillips, Gavin, additional, Schneider, Jakob, additional, Korhonen, Tapio, additional, Sanchez, Alejandro, additional, Heinis, Dominique, additional, Colldelram, Carles, additional, Tordi, Massimiliano, additional, and Willingale, Richard, additional

Published
2023
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4. Status of the demonstration of the critical technologies of the ATHENA telescope

Author

Minoglou, Kyriaki, Karafolas, Nikos, Cugny, Bruno, Ferreira, Ivo, Bavdaz, Marcos, Ayre, Mark, Wille, Eric, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Riekerink, Mark Olde, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, van Baren, Coen, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Skroblin, Dieter, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Tagliaferri, Gianpiero, Salmaso, Bianca, Basso, Stefano, Moretti, Alberto, Spiga, Daniele, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Lupton, Paul, Mundon, William, Phillips, Gavin, Schneider, Jakob, Korhonen, Tapio, Sanchez, Alejandro, Heinis, Dominique, Colldelram, Carles, Tordi, Massimiliano, Willingale, Richard, Minoglou, Kyriaki, Karafolas, Nikos, Cugny, Bruno, Ferreira, Ivo, Bavdaz, Marcos, Ayre, Mark, Wille, Eric, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Riekerink, Mark Olde, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, van Baren, Coen, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Skroblin, Dieter, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Tagliaferri, Gianpiero, Salmaso, Bianca, Basso, Stefano, Moretti, Alberto, Spiga, Daniele, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Lupton, Paul, Mundon, William, Phillips, Gavin, Schneider, Jakob, Korhonen, Tapio, Sanchez, Alejandro, Heinis, Dominique, Colldelram, Carles, Tordi, Massimiliano, and Willingale, Richard

Abstract

The ATHENA (Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics) mission is the current 2nd 'Large' mission (L2) in the ESA Cosmic Vision programme currently. It is currently at Phase B1 but the mission concept will now enter a reformulation phase that will follow a design-to-cost approach. This paper describes the main technologies behind its reference X-ray telescope based on the modular Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) technology. The large X-ray mirror is the mission enabler being specifically developed for ATHENA, in a joint effort by industry, research institutions and ESA. All aspects of the optics are being addressed, from the mirror plates and their coatings to the mirror modules and their assembly into the ATHENA telescope, as well as the facilities required to build and test the flight optics, demonstrating performance, robustness, and programmatic compliance. An overview of the status of the design and demonstration of the telescope is given. The risks that have successfully been mitigated are made explicit and the remaining risks are identified.

Published
2023

5. NewATHENA optics technology

Author

Pareschi, Giovanni, Spiga, Daniele, O'Dell, Stephen L., Gaskin, Jessica A., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Girou, David, Olde Riekering, Mark, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, Schurink, Bart, van Baren, Coen, Monica Ferreira, Desiree Della, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Skroblin, Dieter, Burwitz, Vadim, Salmaso, Bianca, Moretti, Alberto, Basso, Stefano, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Lupton, Paul, Mundon, William, Dunnell, Ethan, Riede, Mirko, Korhonen, Tapio, Pasanen, Mikko, Sanchez, Alejandro, Heinis, Dominique, Colldelram, Carles, Tordi, Massimiliano, Niewrzella, Norman, Willingale, Richard, Pareschi, Giovanni, Spiga, Daniele, O'Dell, Stephen L., Gaskin, Jessica A., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Girou, David, Olde Riekering, Mark, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, Schurink, Bart, van Baren, Coen, Monica Ferreira, Desiree Della, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Skroblin, Dieter, Burwitz, Vadim, Salmaso, Bianca, Moretti, Alberto, Basso, Stefano, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Lupton, Paul, Mundon, William, Dunnell, Ethan, Riede, Mirko, Korhonen, Tapio, Pasanen, Mikko, Sanchez, Alejandro, Heinis, Dominique, Colldelram, Carles, Tordi, Massimiliano, Niewrzella, Norman, and Willingale, Richard

Abstract

The re-formulation phase of the next generation x-ray observatory ATHENA (Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics) – now NewATHENA - is being utilized for further improvements of the optics technology. The Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) remains the technology of choice, since it uniquely combines a low mass, large effective area, and good angular resolution, addressing the challenge of the NewATHENA X-ray optics. The performance and preparation for the cost-effective implementation of the flight optics is being further evolved in a joint effort by industry, research institutions and ESA. The SPO technology greatly benefits from investments in the semiconductor industry and maximizes technology spin-in. Dedicated facilities have been and are being created to produce the required mirror plates, assemble them into stacks and mirror modules, integrate them into the complete telescope and measure the performance and compatibility with the NewATHENA technical and programmatic requirements. An overview of the activities preparing the implementation of the NewATHENA optics is provided.

Published
2023

8. ATHENA optics technology development

Author

Bavdaz, Marcos, primary, Wille, Eric, additional, Ayre, Mark R., additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Millinger, Mark, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Salmaso, Bianca, additional, Moretti, Alberto, additional, Spiga, Daniele, additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Vernani, Dervis, additional, Lupton, Paul, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Phillips, Gavin, additional, Schneider, Jakob, additional, Korhonen, Tapio, additional, Sanchez, Alejandro, additional, Heinis, Dominique, additional, Colldelram, Carles, additional, Tordi, Massimiliano, additional, De Lorenzi, Simone, additional, and Willingale, Richard, additional

Published
2022
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9. ATHENA optics technology development

Author

den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Nikzad, Shouleh, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Millinger, Mark, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Olde Riekerink, Mark, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, Van Baren, Coen, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Handick, Evelyn, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Salmaso, Bianca, Moretti, Alberto, Spiga, Daniele, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Lupton, Paul, Mundon, William, Phillips, Gavin, Schneider, Jakob, Korhonen, Tapio, Sanchez, Alejandro, Heinis, Dominique, Colldelram, Carles, Tordi, Massimiliano, De Lorenzi, Simone, Willingale, Richard, den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Nikzad, Shouleh, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Millinger, Mark, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Olde Riekerink, Mark, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, Van Baren, Coen, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Handick, Evelyn, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Salmaso, Bianca, Moretti, Alberto, Spiga, Daniele, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Lupton, Paul, Mundon, William, Phillips, Gavin, Schneider, Jakob, Korhonen, Tapio, Sanchez, Alejandro, Heinis, Dominique, Colldelram, Carles, Tordi, Massimiliano, De Lorenzi, Simone, and Willingale, Richard

Abstract

The next generation x-ray observatory ATHENA (advanced telescope for high energy astrophysics) requires an optics with unprecedented performance. It is the combination of low mass, large effective area and good angular resolution that is the challenge of the x-ray optics of such a mission. ATHENA is the second large class mission in the science programme of ESA, and is currently in a reformulation process, following a design-to-cost approach to meet the cost limit of an ESA L-class mission. The silicon pore optics (SPO) is the mission enabler being specifically developed for ATHENA, in a joint effort by industry, research institutions and ESA. All aspects of the optics are being addressed, from the mirror plates and their coatings, over the mirror modules and their assembly into the ATHENA telescope, to the facilities required to build and test the flight optics, demonstrating performance, robustness, and programmatic compliance. The SPO technology is currently being matured to the level required for the adoption of the ATHENA mission, i.e., the start of the mission implementation phase. The monocrystalline silicon material and pore structure of the SPO provide these optics with excellent thermal and mechanical properties. Benefiting from technology spin-in from the semiconductor industry, the equipment, processes, and materials used to produce the SPO are highly sophisticated and optimised.

Published
2022

10. Assembly of confocal silicon pore optics mirror modules

Author

Barrière, Nicolas M., primary, Babic, Ljubiša, additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Castiglione, Luigi, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Eenkhoorn, Noë, additional, Girou, David, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Jenkins, Yvette, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Mendoza Serano, Gregorio, additional, Thete, Aniket, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Riekerink, Mark O., additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Schurink, Bart, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, and Burwitz, Vadim, additional

Published
2021
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11. SPO mirror plate production and coating

Author

Landgraf, Boris, primary, Babic, Ljubiša, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Castiglione, Luigi, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Eenkhoorn, Noë, additional, Girou, David, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Jenkins, Yvette, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Serano, Gregorio M., additional, Thete, Aniket, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Riekerink, Mark O., additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, Schurink, Bart, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Hieltjes, Paul, additional, den Herder, Jan-Willem, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Ferreira, Desiree D. M., additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Kailla, Geeta, additional, Phillips, Gavin, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Chequer, Ian, additional, and Ball, Kevin, additional

Published
2021
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13. Silicon pore optics x-ray mirror development for the Athena telescope

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Babic, Ljubiša, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Castiglione, Luigi, additional, Eenkhoorn, Noë, additional, Girou, David, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Jenkins, Yvette, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Mendoza Serrano, Gregorio, additional, Thete, Aniket, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Riekerink, Mark O., additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, Schurink, Bart, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Hieltjes, Paul, additional, den Herder, Jan-Willem, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Ferreira, Desiree D. M., additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Kailla, Geeta, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Philips, Gavin, additional, and Ball, Kevin, additional

Published
2021
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14. ATHENA reference telescope design and recent mission level consolidation

Author

Ferreira, Ivo, primary, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Ayre, Mark, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Pacros, Anne, additional, Linder, Martin, additional, Stefanescu, Alexander, additional, Branco, Moritz, additional, Guainazzi, Matteo, additional, Ness, Jan-Uwe, additional, Oosterbroek, Tim, additional, and Willingale, Richard, additional

Published
2021
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15. Environmental testing of the Athena telescope mirror modules

Author

Girou, David, primary, van Baren, Coen, additional, te Kloeze, Ivar, additional, Castiglione, Luigi, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Babic, Ljubiša, additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Eenkhoorn, Noë, additional, Gunther, Ramses, additional, Jenkins, Yvette, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Thete, Aniket, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Campoli, Gianni, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Marioni, Fabio, additional, and Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2021
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16. ATHENA x-ray optics development and accommodation

Author

Bavdaz, Marcos, primary, Wille, Eric, additional, Ayre, Mark, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Millinger, Mark, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Riekerink, Mark O., additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Ferreira, Desiree D. M., additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Vernani, Dervis, additional, Kailla, Geeta, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Phillips, Gavin, additional, Schneider, Jakob, additional, Korhonen, Tapio, additional, Sanchez, Alejandro, additional, Heinis, Dominique, additional, Colldelram, Carles, additional, Torti, Massimiliano, additional, and Willingale, Richard, additional

Published
2021
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17. The Athena x-ray optics development and accommodation

Author

Bavdaz, Marcos, primary, Wille, Eric, additional, Ayre, Mark, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Millinger, Mark, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, M., additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Riekerink, Mark O., additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Monica Ferreira, Desiree Della, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Christensen, Finn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda J., additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Vernani, Dervis, additional, Kailla, Geeta, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Phillips, Gavin, additional, Schneider, Jakob, additional, Korhonen, Tapio, additional, Sanchez, Alejandro, additional, Heinis, Dominique, additional, Tordi, Massimiliano, additional, and Willingale, Richard, additional

Published
2021
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18. X-ray mirror development and production for the Athena telescope

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Babic, Ljubiša, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Castiglione, Luigi, additional, Eenkhoorn, Noë, additional, Girou, David, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Jenkins, Yvette, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Mendoza Serano, Gregorio, additional, Thete, Aniket, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco, additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Riekerink, Mark Olde, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Wijnperle, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, Schurink, Bart, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Hieltjes, Paul, additional, den Herder, Jan Willem, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara B., additional, Ferreira, Desiree Della Monica, additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Kailla, Geeta, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Phillips, Gavin, additional, Chequer, Ian, additional, and Ball, Kevin, additional

Published
2021
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19. The Athena x-ray optics development and accommodation

Author

O'Dell, Stephen L., Gaskin, Jessica A., Pareschi, Giovanni, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Millinger, Mark, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Riekerink, Mark Olde, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, van Baren, Coen, Monica Ferreira, Desiree Della, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Handick, Evelyn, Burwitz, Vadim, Bradshaw, Miranda, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Kailla, Geeta, Mundon, William, Phillips, Gavin, Schneider, Jakob, Korhonen, Tapio, Sanchez, Alejandro, Heinis, Dominique, Tordi, Massimiliano, Willingale, Richard, O'Dell, Stephen L., Gaskin, Jessica A., Pareschi, Giovanni, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Millinger, Mark, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Riekerink, Mark Olde, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, van Baren, Coen, Monica Ferreira, Desiree Della, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Handick, Evelyn, Burwitz, Vadim, Bradshaw, Miranda, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Kailla, Geeta, Mundon, William, Phillips, Gavin, Schneider, Jakob, Korhonen, Tapio, Sanchez, Alejandro, Heinis, Dominique, Tordi, Massimiliano, and Willingale, Richard

Abstract

The ATHENA mission, under study and preparation by ESA as its second Large-class science mission, requires the largest X-ray optics ever flown, building on a novel optics technology based on mono crystalline silicon. Referred to as Silicon Pore Optics technology (SPO), the optics is highly modular and benefits from technology spin-in from the semiconductor industry. The telescope aperture of about 2.5 meters is populated by 600 mirror modules, accurately co -aligned to produce a common focus. The development of the SPO technology is a joint effort by European industrial and research entities, working together to address the challenges to demonstrate the imaging performance, robustness and efficient series production of the ATHENA optics. A technology development plan was established and is being regularly updated to reflect the latest developments, and is fully funded by the ESA technology development programmes. An industrial consortium was formed to ensure coherence of the individual technology development activities. The SPO technology uses precision machined mirror plates produced using thelatest generation top quality 12 inch silicon wafers, which are assembled into rugged stacks. The surfaces of the mirror plates and the integral support structure is such, that no glue is required to join the individual mirror plates. Once accurately aligned with respect to each other, the surfaces of the mirror plates merge in a physical bonding process. The resultant SPO mirror modules are therefore very accurate and stable and can sustain the harsh conditions encountered during launch and are able to tolerate the space environment expected during operations. The accommodation of the ATHENA telescope is also innovative, relying on a hexapod mechanismto align the optics to the selected detector instruments located in the focal plane. Systemstudies are complemented by dedicated technology development activities to demonstrate the capabilities before the adoption of the ATHE

Published
2021

20. SPO mirror plate production and coating

Author

O'Dell, Stephen L., Gaskin, Jessica A., Pareschi, Giovanni, Landgraf, Boris, Babić, Ljubiša, Barrière, Nicolas M., Bayerle, Alex, Castiglione, Luigi, Collon, Maximilien J., Eenkhoorn, Noë, Girou, David, Günther, Ramses, Hauser, Enrico, Jenkins, Yvette, Keek, Laurens, Okma, Ben, Serano, Gregorio M., Thete, Aniket, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ferreira, Ivo, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Riekerink, Mark O., Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperlé, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Schurink, Bart, Start, Ronald, Van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Kailla, Geeta, Phillips, Gavin, Mundon, William, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, O'Dell, Stephen L., Gaskin, Jessica A., Pareschi, Giovanni, Landgraf, Boris, Babić, Ljubiša, Barrière, Nicolas M., Bayerle, Alex, Castiglione, Luigi, Collon, Maximilien J., Eenkhoorn, Noë, Girou, David, Günther, Ramses, Hauser, Enrico, Jenkins, Yvette, Keek, Laurens, Okma, Ben, Serano, Gregorio M., Thete, Aniket, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ferreira, Ivo, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Riekerink, Mark O., Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperlé, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Schurink, Bart, Start, Ronald, Van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Kailla, Geeta, Phillips, Gavin, Mundon, William, Chequer, Ian, and Ball, Kevin

Abstract

The Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) technology has been established as a new type of X-ray optics and will enable future X-ray observatories such as Athena and Arcus. SPO is being developed at cosine Research B.V. together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic as well as industrial partners. For Athena, about 150,000 mirror plates are required. With the technology spin-in from the semiconductor industry, mass production processes can be employed to manufacture rectangular SPO mirror plates in high quality, large quantity and at low cost. Over the last years, several aspects of the SPO mirror plates have been reviewed and undergone further developments in terms of effective area, intrinsic behavior of the mirror plates and mass production capability. The paper will provide an overview of most recent SPO plate designs, mirror plate production status and plan forward including reflective coating process as well as mass production developments.

Published
2021

23. Optics developments for ATHENA

Author

Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Start, Ronald, van Baren, Coen, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Seidel, André, Korhonen, Tapio, Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Start, Ronald, van Baren, Coen, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Seidel, André, and Korhonen, Tapio

Abstract

Mission studies and technology preparation for the ATHENA (Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics) [1- 5] mission are continuing to progress. The X-ray optics of this future space observatory are based on the Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) technology [6-58], and is being evolved in a joint effort by industry, research institutions and ESA. The SPO technology benefits from substantial investments made by the semiconductor industry, and spins-in materials, processes and equipment into the development of novel X-ray optics. A comprehensive Technology Development Plan (TDP) is being implemented, funded by ESA and involving a large number of experts in key areas ranging from micro machining of Silicon, over sophisticated automation and robotic systems, to hybrid manufacturing. The performance, environmental compatibility and serial automated production and testing are being addressed in parallel, aiming at the demonstration of the required technology readiness for the ATHENA Mission Adoption Review (MAR) expected by the end of 2021. A formal Technology Readiness Assessment is in place and is being currently exercised in preparation of the ATHENA Mission Formulation review (MFR). The programmatics for the flight model implementation is being defined in detail, and preparations are starting for the design and implementation of the necessary facilities. An overview of the ATHENA optics technology preparation, the technology readiness assessment and the related activities is provided.

Published
2019

24. Status of the silicon pore optics technology

Author

Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David Alain, Okma, Ben, Hauser, Enrico, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Christensen, Finn Erland, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David Alain, Okma, Ben, Hauser, Enrico, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Christensen, Finn Erland, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, and Ball, Kevin

Abstract

Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) uses commercially available monocrystalline double-sided super-polished silicon wafers as a basis to produce mirrors that form lightweight and stiff high-resolution x-ray optics. The technology has been invented by cosine and the European Space Agency (ESA) and developed together with scientific and industrial partners to mass production levels. SPO is an enabling element for large space-based x-ray telescopes such as Athena and ARCUS, operating in the 0.2 to 12 keV band, with angular resolution requirements up to 5 arc seconds. SPO has also shown to be a versatile technology that can be further developed for gamma-ray optics, medical applications and for material research. This paper will summarise the status of the technology and of the mass production capabilities, show latest performance results and discuss the next steps in the development.

Published
2019

25. Development and manufacturing of SPO X-ray mirrors

Author

Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Landgraf, Boris, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriére, Nicolas M., Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babic, Ljubisa, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperlé, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Christensen, Finn Erland, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Landgraf, Boris, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriére, Nicolas M., Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babic, Ljubisa, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperlé, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Christensen, Finn Erland, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, and Ball, Kevin

Abstract

The Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) technology has been established as a new type of X-ray optics enabling future X-ray observatories such as ATHENA. SPO is being developed at cosine together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic as well as industrial partners. The SPO modules are lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution X-ray optics, allowing missions to reach a large effective area of several square meters. These properties of the optics are mainly linked to the mirror plates consisting of mono-crystalline silicon. Silicon is rigid, has a relatively low density, a very good thermal conductivity and excellent surface finish, both in terms of figure and surface roughness. For Athena, a large number of mirror plates is required, around 100,000 for the nominal configuration. With the technology spin-in from the semiconductor industry, mass production processes can be employed to manufacture rectangular shapes SPO mirror plates in high quality, large quantity and at low cost. Within the last years, several aspects of the SPO mirror plate have been reviewed and undergone further developments in terms of effective area, intrinsic behavior of the mirror plates and mass production capability. In view of flight model production, a second source of mirror plates has been added in addition to the first plate supplier. The paper will provide an overview of most recent plate design, metrology and production developments.

Published
2019

26. Optics developments for NewATHENA

Author

den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Nikzad, Shouleh, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Ferreira, Ivo, Smid, Pieter, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Girou, David, Riekerink, Mark Olde, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, Schurink, Bart, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Paredes-Sanz, Diego, Krumrey, Michael, Skroblin, Dieter, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Salmaso, Bianca, Moretti, Alberto, Spiga, Daniele, Basso, Stefano, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Lupton, Paul, Riede, Mirko, Korhonen, Tapio, Pasanen, Mikko, Sanchez, Alejandro, Heinis, Dominique, Colldelram, Carles, Bressan, Riccardo, Niewrzella, Norman, Willingale, Richard, and Christensen, Finn

Published
2024
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27. Silicon pore optics mirror module production and testing

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Guenther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Booysen, Karin, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Zuknik, Karl Heinz, Vernani, Dervis, ITA, GBR, DEU, DNK, NLD, CHE, den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Nikzad, Shouleh, and Nakazawa, Kazuhiro

Subjects
Computer science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, wafer, X-ray optics, X-ray telescope, 02 engineering and technology, SPO, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, X-ray astronomy, 010309 optics, Optics, Stack (abstract data type), 0103 physical sciences, Focal length, Angular resolution, Image resolution, X-ray telescopes, business.industry, Antenna aperture, stack, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, silicon, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, ATHENA, pore optics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) has been established as a new type of x-ray optics that enables future x-ray observatories such as Athena. SPO is being developed at cosine with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic and industrial partners. The optics modules are lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution x-ray optics, that shall allow missions to reach an unprecedentedly large effective area of several square meters, operating in the 0.2 - 12 keV band with an angular resolution better than 5 arc seconds. In this paper we are going to discuss the latest generation production facilities and we are going to present results of the production of mirror modules for a focal length of 12 m, including x-ray test results.

Published
2018

28. Development and manufacturing of SPO X-ray mirrors

Author

Landgraf, Boris, primary, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Girou, David, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Hieltjes, Paul J., additional, den Herder, Jan-Willem, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Ferreira, Desirée D. M., additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Oliver, Paul, additional, Chequer, Ian, additional, and Ball, Kevin, additional

Published
2019
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29. Environmental testing of silicon pore optics for Athena

Author

Girou, David, primary, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Eigenraam, Alexander, additional, and More, Nikhil, additional

Published
2019
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30. Status of the silicon pore optics technology

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Girou, David, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Hieltjes, Paul J., additional, den Herder, Jan-Willem, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Ferreira, Desirée D. M., additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Oliver, Paul, additional, Chequer, Ian, additional, and Ball, Kevin, additional

Published
2019
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31. Assembly of confocal silicon pore optic mirror modules for Athena

Author

Barrière, Nicolas M., primary, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Girou, David, additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Eigenraam, Alexander, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, and Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2019
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32. Optics developments for ATHENA

Author

Bavdaz, Marcos, primary, Wille, Eric, additional, Ayre, Mark R., additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Oliver, Paul, additional, Seidel, André, additional, and Korhonen, Tapio, additional

Published
2019
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34. Silicon pore optics mirror module production and testing

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Verhoex, Sjoerd, additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, van der Hoeven, Roy ., additional, van Straeten, Kim, additional, Chatbi, Abdel, additional, Girou, David, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Booysen, Karin, additional, Wijnperle, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Eigenraam, Alexander, additional, den Herder, Jan Willem, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Oliver, Paul, additional, Chequer, Ian, additional, Ball, Kevin, additional, Zuknik, Karl-Heinz, additional, and Vernani, Dervis, additional

Published
2019
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35. Status of the demonstration of the critical technologies of the ATHENA telescope.

Author

Ferreira, Ivo, Bavdaz, Marcos, Ayre, Mark, Wille, Eric, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Olde Riekerink, Mark, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, van Baren, Coen, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, and Skroblin, Dieter

Published
2024
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36. Development of the ATHENA mirror

Author

Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Sforzini, Jessica, Booysen, Karin, van Baren, Coen, Zuknik, Karl-Heinz, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Müller, Peter, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Spiga, Daniele, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Oliver, Paul, Seidel, André, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Sforzini, Jessica, Booysen, Karin, van Baren, Coen, Zuknik, Karl-Heinz, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Müller, Peter, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Spiga, Daniele, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Oliver, Paul, and Seidel, André

Abstract

The development of the X-ray optics for ATHENA (Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics)[1-4], the selected second large class mission in the ESA Science Programme, is progressing further, in parallel with the payload preparation and the system level studies. The optics technology is based on the Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) [5-48], which utilises the excellent material properties of Silicon and benefits from the extensive investments made in the semiconductor industry. With its pore geometry the SPO is intrinsically very robust and permits the use of very thin mirrors while achieving good angular resolution. In consequence, the specific mass of the resultant ATHENA optics is very low compared to other technologies, and suitable to cope with the imposed environmental requirements. Further technology developments preparing the ATHENA optics are ongoing, addressing additive manufacturing of the telescope structure, the integration and alignment of the mirror assembly, numerical simulators, coating optimisations, metrology, test facilities, studies of proton reflections and meteorite impacts, etc. A detailed Technology Development Plan was elaborated and is regularly being updated, reflecting the progress and the mission evolution. The required series production and integration of the many hundred mirror modules constituting the ATHENA telescope optics is an important consideration and a leading element in the technology development. The developments are guided by ESA, implemented in industry and supported by research institutions. The many ongoing SPO technology development activities aim at demonstrating the readiness of the optics technology at the review deciding the adoption of ATHENA onto the ESA Science flight programme, currently expected for 2021. Technology readiness levels of 5/6 have to be demonstrated for all critical elements, but also the compliance to cost and schedule constraints for the mission.

Published
2018

37. Silicon pore optics mirror module production and testing

Author

den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Nikzad, Shouleh, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Guenther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Booysen, Karin, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Zuknik, Karl Heinz, Vernani, Dervis, den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Nikzad, Shouleh, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Guenther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Booysen, Karin, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Zuknik, Karl Heinz, and Vernani, Dervis

Abstract

Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) has been established as a new type of x-ray optics that enables future x-ray observatories such as Athena. SPO is being developed at cosine with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic and industrial partners. The optics modules are lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution x-ray optics, that shall allow missions to reach an unprecedentedly large effective area of several square meters, operating in the 0.2 - 12 keV band with an angular resolution better than 5 arc seconds. In this paper we are going to discuss the latest generation production facilities and we are going to present results of the production of mirror modules for a focal length of 12 m, including x-ray test results.

Published
2018

38. X-ray mirror development and production for the Athena telescope

Author

Cugny, Bruno, Sodnik, Zoran, Karafolas, Nikos, Collon, Maximilien J., Babic, Ljubiša, Barrière, Nicolas M., Bayerle, Alex, Castiglione, Luigi, Eenkhoorn, Noë, Girou, David, Günther, Ramses, Hauser, Enrico, Jenkins, Yvette, Landgraf, Boris, Keek, Laurens, Okma, Ben, Mendoza Serano, Gregorio, Thete, Aniket, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Beijersbergen, Marco, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ferreira, Ivo, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Riekerink, Mark Olde, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, Schurink, Bart, Start, Ronald, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara Buur, Ferreira, Desiree Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Kailla, Geeta, Mundon, William, Phillips, Gavin, Chequer, Ian, and Ball, Kevin

Published
2021
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39. Development of the ATHENA mirror

Author

Wille, Eric, primary, Ayre, Mark, primary, Ferreira, Ivo, primary, Fransen, Sebastiaan, primary, Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Vacanti, Giuseppe, primary, Barrière, Nicolas M., primary, Landgraf, Boris, primary, Sforzini, Jessica, primary, Booysen, Karin, primary, van Baren, Coen, primary, Zuknik, Karl-Heinz, primary, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, primary, Massahi, Sonny, primary, Christensen, Finn E., primary, Krumrey, Michael, primary, Burwitz, Vadim, primary, Pareschi, Giovanni, primary, Spiga, Daniele, primary, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, primary, Vernani, Dervis, primary, Oliver, Paul, primary, Seidel, André, primary, Shortt, Brian, primary, Bavdaz, Marcos, primary, and Müller, Peter, primary

Published
2018
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40. Silicon Pore Optics Mirror Module Production and Testing.

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoex, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, van der Hoeven, Roy, van Straeten, Kim, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, and Haneveld, Jeroen

Published
2019
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41. Status of the Silicon Pore Optics technology.

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić1, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Hauser, Enrico, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, and Haneveld, Jeroen

Published
2019
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42. Environmental testing of silicon pore optics for Athena.

Author

Girou, David A., Landgraf, Boris, Bayerle, Alex, Eenkhoorn, Noë, Collon, Maximilien, Babić, Ljubiša, Barrière, Nicolas, Günther, Ramses, Hauser, Enrico, Keek, Laurens, Okma, Ben, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Beijersbergen, Marco, Wille, Eric, Bavdaz, Marcos, Fransen, Sebastiaan, and van Baren, Coen

Published
2019
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43. Assembly of confocal silicon pore optic mirror modules for Athena.

Author

Barrière, Nicolas M., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Hauser, Enrico, Vervest, Mark, Keek, Laurens, Okma, Ben, Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Voruz, Luc, Girou, David, Babić, Ljubiša, Collon, Maximilien J., Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, and Start, Ronald

Published
2019
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44. Optics Development for ATHENA.

Author

Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Start, Ronald, van Baren, Coen, Ferreira, Desiree Della Monica, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, and Oliver, Paul

Published
2019
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45. Development and manufacturing of SPO X-ray mirrors.

Author

Landgraf, Boris, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, and Koelewijn, Arenda

Published
2019
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47. NewATHENA optics technology.

Author

Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Girou, David, Olde Riekering, Mark, Haneveld, Jeroen, Start, Ronald, Schurink, Bart, van Baren, Coen, Monica Ferreira, Desiree Della, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, and Christensen, Finn

Published
2023
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48. The ATHENA telescope and optics status

Author

O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Haneveld, Jeroen, van Baren, Coen, Zuknik, Karl-Heintz, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn Erland, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Spiga, Daniele, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Oliver, Paul, Seidel, André, O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ayre, Mark, Ferreira, Ivo, Shortt, Brian, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Collon, Maximilien, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Haneveld, Jeroen, van Baren, Coen, Zuknik, Karl-Heintz, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn Erland, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Spiga, Daniele, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Vernani, Dervis, Oliver, Paul, and Seidel, André

Abstract

The work on the definition and technological preparation of the ATHENA (Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics) mission continues to progress. In parallel to the study of the accommodation of the telescope, many aspects of the X-ray optics are being evolved further. The optics technology chosen for ATHENA is the Silicon Pore Optics (SPO), which hinges on technology spin-in from the semiconductor industry, and uses a modular approach to produce large effective area lightweight telescope optics with a good angular resolution. Both system studies and the technology developments are guided by ESA and implemented in industry, with participation of institutional partners. In this paper an overview of the current status of the telescope optics accommodation and technology development activities is provided.

Published
2017

49. Development of ATHENA mirror modules

Author

O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Dekker, Danielle, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David Alain, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Booysen, Karin, Wijnperle, Maurice, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn Erland, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Checquer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Zuknik, Karl Heinz, O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Dekker, Danielle, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David Alain, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Booysen, Karin, Wijnperle, Maurice, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn Erland, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Checquer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, and Zuknik, Karl Heinz

Abstract

Silicon Pore Optics (SPO), developed at cosine with the European Space Agency (ESA) and several academic and industrial partners, provides lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution X-ray optics. This technology enables ATHENA to reach an unprecedentedly large effective area in the 0.2-12 keV band with an angular resolution better than 5". After developing the technology for 50 m and 20 m focal length, this year has witnessed the first 12 m focal length mirror modules being produced. The technology development is also gaining momentum with three different radii under study: Mirror modules for the inner radii (Rmin = 250 mm), outer radii (Rmax = 1500 mm) and middle radii (Rmid= 737 mm) are being developed in parallel.

Published
2017

50. Environmental testing of the ATHENA mirror modules

Author

Landgraf, Boris, primary, Girou, David, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, van der Hoeven, Roy ., additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, and Eigenraam, Alexander, additional

Published
2017
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