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Botanical varieties of hemp differ in chemical composition, plant morphology, agronomy, and industrial suitability. Hemp is popular for cultivation for the production of cannabinoid oil, fiber production, biomass, etc. The fertilization process is one of the most important factors affecting the plant, both its condition and chemical composition. So far, research has been carried out proving that hemp is a valuable source of, among others: fatty acids, amino acids, acids, vitamins, numerous micro- and macroelements, and antioxidant compounds. In this experiment, it was decided to check the possibility of harvesting hemp panicles twice in one year. The purpose of this treatment is to use one plant to produce cannabidiol oil and grain. The main aim of the research was to determine bioactive compounds in hemp seeds and to determine whether the cultivation method affects their content and quantity. Based on the research conducted, it was observed that hemp can be grown in two directions at the same time and harvested twice because its health-promoting properties do not lose their value. It was found that regardless of whether hemp is grown solely for seeds or to obtain essential oils and then seeds, the type of fertilization does not affect the content of phenolic acids (e.g., syringic acid: 69.69–75.14 μg/100 g, vanillic acid: 1.47–1.63 μg/100 g). Based on the conducted research, it was found that essential oils can be obtained from one plant in the summer and seeds from Henola hemp cultivation in the autumn, because such a treatment does not affect the content of the discussed compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document discusses the importance of environmentally friendly biofuel production as an alternative to fossil fuels. It highlights the use of plant and animal biomass for bioenergy production, emphasizing the benefits of reducing the carbon footprint and promoting renewable energy sources. Various types of biofuels, such as solid, liquid, and gaseous biofuels, are explored, along with different conversion processes and technologies. The document also presents research papers on topics like manure management, biogas production, and the impact of biochar on fermentation processes, showcasing advancements in sustainable biofuel production. [Extracted from the article]

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In recent years, the cultivation of hemp for seed has been gaining significant importance. Intensive breeding work resulted in the registration of a new oilseed hemp variety with high seed yield called Henola. Hemp of this variety is characterized by a vegetation period shorter by about a month, almost twice shorter technical length of plants and significantly larger inflorescences than fibrous hemp of the standard variety (Białobrzeskie). This work analyzes the efficiency of the second-generation bioethanol production process derived from the processing of waste biomass remaining after deseeding the panicles of the Henola variety. The research material consisted of biomass samples obtained from three variants of the fertilization experiment carried out at the IWNiRZ Experimental Farm in Stary Sielec in temperate climate conditions. In order to find out about the properties of the raw material, the chemical composition of hemp straw was tested and the bioethanol yield per 1 ha of crops was determined. Henola oilseed hemp straw yield was the lowest (10.6 Mg∙ha−1) in the case of the control and the highest (11.3 Mg∙ha−1) with the use of complex phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen fertilization. The average content of cellulose in the analyzed samples was 35.5%, holocellulose 68%, and hemicellulose 32%. The amount of lignin, in turn, was independent of the type of fertilization. The lowest bioethanol content, in the amount 7.11 g∙L−1, was found in case of hemp fertilized with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the highest content amounting to 9.93 g∙L−1 – for hemp fertilized with phosphorus and potassium, for which the ethanol yield, converted into straw yield was 2.7 m3∙ha−1. The conducted research covers both the identification of pro-environmental solutions in the economy for the management of waste biomass and the implementation of the RED II Directive on the promotion of energy from renewable sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sericulture is a branch of agriculture specializing in the cultivation of silkworms and cocoon production as well as the cultivation of white mulberry, which is the sole source of food for silkworm caterpillars. Due to the ecological nature of farming both mulberry silkworm and mulberry cultivation, as well as the possibility of managing and processing waste generated in the breeding process, it is fully in line with the trend of sustainable development. Raw materials obtained from silkworm farming constitute the basis for products valued by consumers due to their environmentally friendly production methods and an organic source of raw materials. Silk production can successfully contribute to the increase in popularity and practical application of the idea of sustainable development in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ecological farming and organic fertilization are getting popular and required in time, when synthetic fertilizers and agrochemicals are used and easily overcome. In this article, organic farming of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is presented, and an innovative organic fertilizer the mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) breeding waste is examined. This insect breeding is a cheap source of waste, which gives very positive results on the plants yield. Such tests of hemp have not been carried out so far. In this research, three repetition pots were prepared: with silkworm fertilizer 15 Mg∙ha−1, 30 Mg∙ha−1, and pots without fertilization (control). The amounts of three yields – total, straw, and seed – were measured. Moreover, the chemical composition of silkworm waste, soil, and hemp material was tested. The best results of fertilization were obtained in silkworm manure fertilization in dose 30 Mg∙ha−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]