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2. Evaluating a complex health promotion program to reduce hepatitis C among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in New South Wales, Australia: the Deadly Liver Mob

Author

Carla Treloar, Kim Beadman, Mitch Beadman, Kerri-Anne Smith, Jade Christian, Aunty Clair Jackson, Beverley Tyson, Clayton Anderson, Larissa Smyth, Melinda Walker, Jennifer Heslop, Gary Gahan, Victor Tawil, Felicity Sheaves, Louise Maher, Julie Page, Donna Tilley, Ann Ryan, Kim Grant, Basil Donovan, Annabelle Stevens, Trevor Slattery, Kate Pearce, Franklin John-Leader, Andrew Walden, Jo Lenton, Margaret Crowley, and Elena Cama

Subjects
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, Blood borne viruses, Health promotion, Hepatitis C, Sexually transmissible infections, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract The Deadly Liver Mob (DLM) is a peer-delivered incentivised health promotion program by and for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, and was introduced in response to the disproportionate number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians who are impacted by blood borne viruses (BBVs) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The goal of the program is to increase access to BBV and STI education, screening, treatment, and vaccination in recognition and response to the systemic barriers that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples face in accessing health care. This commentary introduces a series of papers that report on various aspects of the evaluation of the Deadly Liver Mob (DLM) program. In this paper, we explain what DLM is and how we constructed an evaluation framework for this complex health promotion intervention.

Published
2023
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4. Increasing access to screening for blood-borne viruses and sexually transmissible infections for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: evaluation of the Deadly Liver Mob program’s ‘cascade of care’ across nine sites in New South Wales, Australia

Author

Elena Cama, Kim Beadman, Mitch Beadman, Kerri-Anne Smith, Jade Christian, Aunty Clair Jackson, Beverley Tyson, Clayton Anderson, Larissa Smyth, Jennifer Heslop, Gary Gahan, Victor Tawil, Felicity Sheaves, Louise Maher, Julie Page, Donna Tilley, Ann Ryan, Kim Grant, Basil Donovan, Annabelle Stevens, Trevor Slattery, Kate Pearce, Franklin John-Leader, Andrew Walden, Jo Lenton, Margaret Crowley, and Carla Treloar

Subjects
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, Blood-borne viruses, Health promotion, Hepatitis C, Sexually transmissible infections, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are disproportionately impacted by blood-borne viruses (BBVs) and sexually transmissible infections (STIs). Stigma remains one of the key barriers to testing and treatment for BBVs and STIs, particularly among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The Deadly Liver Mob (DLM) is a peer-delivered incentivised health promotion program by and for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. The program aims to increase access to BBV and STI education, screening, treatment, and vaccination for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians in recognition of the systemic barriers for First Nations people to primary care, including BBV- and STI-related stigma, and institutional racism. This paper presents routinely collected data across nine sites on the ‘cascade of care’ progression of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander clients through the DLM program: hepatitis C education, screening, returning for results, and recruitment of peers. Methods Routinely collected data were collated from each of the DLM sites, including date of attendance, basic demographic characteristics, eligibility for the program, recruitment of others, and engagement in the cascade of care. Results Between 2013 and 2020, a total of 1787 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander clients were educated as part of DLM, of which 74% went on to be screened and 42% (or 57% of those screened) returned to receive their results. The total monetary investment of the cascade of care progression was approximately $56,220. Data highlight the positive impacts of the DLM program for engagement in screening, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive, and safe programs led by and for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. However, the data also indicate the points at which clients ‘fall off’ the cascade, underscoring the need to address any remaining barriers to care. Conclusions The DLM program shows promise in acting as a ‘one stop shop’ in addressing the needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in relation to BBVs and STIs. Future implementation could focus on addressing any potential barriers to participation in the program, such as co-location of services and transportation.

Published
2023
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5. Multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of tetrazole derivatives: Discovery and validation of a novel anticancer agent active against ER positive cancers

Author

Deepak J. Prabhu, Franklin John, Mathew Steephan, Jinju John, A.P. Sreehari, and Bhavya B. Chandrika

Subjects
Tetrazole derivatives, ER positive cancers, Anti-cancer agent, Anti-proliferative agent, Anti-invasive agent, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Chemotherapy is an indispensable tool in medicine where small molecules act as potential cytotoxic, apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive agents targeting cancer cells. Chemotherapeutic agents possessing these multifaceted properties are highly warranted now as the mortality rate is increasing alarmingly. Tetrazole derivatives are well known for their pharmacological activity against various types of cancer progression. Herein, six derivatives of tetrazoles were synthesised by multicomponent reactions (MCR) and assessed their in vitro anticancer effects. The cytotoxic profiling of these compounds demonstrated that these compounds were active against a panel of breast cancer cells with highest anti-proliferative action against MCF-7. Among the six compounds, DTS 3 with a Chlorine atom demonstrated higher anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects, which was selected for further investigations. Molecular docking and simulation analysis revealed preferential binding affinity of DTS 3 to CDK6;suggesting its likely role as CDK 6 inhibitor. Interestingly, the entire series of compounds were found to be more potent against cells expressing estrogen receptors, suggesting their dependence on ER signaling cascade. Further analysis revealed their potential to exert anti-invasive effects as well, among which DTS 3 possessed maximal anti-proliferative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-invasive properties suggesting its possible potential as a promising multi-faceted anti-cancer agent.

Published
2024
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6. Correction: Increasing access to screening for blood-borne viruses and sexually transmissible infections for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: evaluation of the Deadly Liver Mob program’s ‘cascade of care’ across nine sites in New South Wales, Australia

Author

Elena Cama, Kim Beadman, Mitch Beadman, Kerri-Anne Smith, Jade Christian, Aunty Clair Jackson, Beverley Tyson, Clayton Anderson, Larissa Smyth, Jennifer Heslop, Gary Gahan, Victor Tawil, Felicity Sheaves, Louise Maher, Julie Page, Donna Tilley, Ann Ryan, Kim Grant, Basil Donovan, Annabelle Stevens, Trevor Slattery, Kate Pearce, Franklin John-Leader, Andrew Walden, Jo Lenton, Margaret Crowley, and Carla Treloar

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published
2024
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8. Motivations, dating app relationships, unintended consequences and change in sexual behaviour in dating app users at an Australian music festival

Author

Shirali Garga, Meryl T. Thomas, Ashneet Bhatia, Aidan Sullivan, Franklin John-Leader, and Sabrina W. Pit

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Despite the popularity of dating apps, there remain scarce data on the motivations, consequences and their influence on sexual behaviour change in the Australian population. Objective To explore motivations, dating app relationships, unintended consequences and change in sexual behaviour in dating app users at an Australian music festival. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. Festival patrons aged 18–30 at a major Australian music festival completed a paper-based survey. Logistic regression was used to identify which factors were associated with an increase in sexual partners since using dating apps. Results The primary reasons for dating app use (N = 437) were boredom (59.7%), casual sex (45.1%) and casual dating (42.8%). A third of users used them at music festivals (33.8%, n = 432). A third of participants had used dating apps for more than 2 years (33.3%) and a third (33.0%) of users claimed to have changed their sexual behaviour after app use, including increased frequency of sexual activity (70.0%), number of sexual partners (57.1%) and sexual experimentation (42.1%). Dating app users tended not to discuss sexually transmitted infections (STI) status with a sexual partner regardless of whether they had met them on an app or not: 38.5% would ‘never’ and 36.9% would ‘sometimes’ have safe sex discussions with partners met via apps. Condoms were ‘always’ used for 36.9% of dating app users when meeting partners via dating apps, compared to 29.9% met by other means. 8.6% of dating app users reported having contracted STIs, and 2.8% had unwanted pregnancies with those met on dating apps. After adjusting for socio-demographics, those who had an STI after engaging in sexual activity with a person met via a dating app had 2.4 times the odds of reporting an increase in sexual partners, and those who had used a dating app for over 2 years had twice the odds of reporting an increase in sexual partners. When condom use was entered into the model, those that ‘often’ or ‘sometimes’ used a condom with a new dating app partner were twice as likely to report an increase in sexual partners since using dating apps, compared to those who ‘always’ used a condom with a new dating app partner. Sexual orientation and STI discussions with a new sexual dating app partner were not associated with an increase in dating app partners. Conclusion Dating app usage is common and users report increased sexual activity, sexual partners and experimentation. STI discussions with potential partners and condom use remained low regardless of how partners were met and despite an increase in sexual partners since using dating apps. Given the high-risk nature of individuals that utilise dating apps, safe sex discussion, including STIs, pregnancies and condom use should be promoted to improve sexual health outcomes.

Published
2021
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9. Patterns of ecstasy use amongst live music event attendees and their opinions on pill testing: a cross sectional study

Author

Madeleine Southey, Ashwini Kathirgamalingam, Benjamin Crawford, Rohan Kaul, Jack McNamara, Franklin John-Leader, Jenny Heslop, and Sabrina Winona Pit

Subjects
Pill testing, Ecstasy, MDMA, Harm reduction, Festivals, Public health, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology, HV1-9960
Abstract

Abstract Background Pill testing services could potentially be used to reduce drug-related harm. This study aims to identify patterns of ecstasy use among live music event attendees; explore the opinions and potential usage of illicit pill testing programs and examine factors associated with the likelihood of still taking a pill containing a potential harmful substance. Methods A cross-sectional survey was completed by 760 people attending a major Australian live music event in 2017. Results The most commonly used drug in the last 12 months was ecstasy (73.9%). About 5% of people who use drugs had sought medical attention due to consumption of ecstasy. People who use drugs agreed “a lot” that pill testing should be provided for free at live music events (82.2%) and that it should be combined with harm reduction advice (62.9%). Additionally, 32% of all participants agreed ‘a lot’ that they would be more likely to take illicit drugs at a music festival if pill-testing services were present. However, if people perceived that a harmful substance was detected in their drugs after using a pill testing service, 52.3% of people who have used illicit drugs reported that they would ‘not at all’ be likely to still consume the drug. They also reported that they would still take a pill if testing demonstrated the presence of unintended MDMA-type substances (70.3%), amphetamines (31.2%) or ketamine (27.8%). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that only increased frequency of ecstasy use was significantly associated with taking a pill despite pill testing services detecting a harmful substance. Gender, age, alcohol and previously seeking ecstasy-related medical attention were not associated in the multivariate analyses. Conclusions A high proportion of live music attendees consume alcohol and ecstasy. Both people who have and who have not used illicit drugs support the implementation of pill testing services. People reported they would change their consumption patterns according to the results given by pill testing services. The findings may be used to stimulate public debate, and assist drug and alcohol policy makers in the implementation of harm minimisation strategies such as combining pill testing services with harm reduction advice.

Published
2020
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10. A positive approach to adolescent sexual health promotion: a qualitative evaluation of key stakeholder perceptions of the Australian Positive Adolescent Sexual Health (PASH) Conference

Author

Brianna C. S. Crocker, Sabrina W. Pit, Vibeke Hansen, Franklin John-Leader, and Mary Louise Wright

Subjects
Adolescents, Sexual health, Wellbeing, Positive youth development, Health promotion, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Positive youth development (PYD) models are effective in improving adolescent sexual health. Adolescent programs including peer educators, parents and the wider community also demonstrate effectiveness in improving sexual health outcomes. An innovative Positive Adolescent Sexual Health (PASH) Conference model has been introduced in Northern NSW, Australia. It is run by the North Coast PASH Consortium, which is based on a health promotion framework. It takes a positive and holistic approach to sexual health education, and incorporates peer educators, parents, community workers and teachers. This study provides an introductory evaluation of the PASH Conference and identifies areas for increased effectiveness. It is intended as an early piece of research to inform future evaluations and to provide introductory information for public health educators. Methods Data collection included semi-structured interviews with 13 key stakeholders of the PASH Conference. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using deductive thematic analysis. Results Subjects included 2 teachers, 2 parents, 2 youth conference workers, 2 organisers, 2 presenters and 3 Peer Educators engaging Peers (PEEPs). Stakeholders perceived that young people were engaged to strengthen their sexual health and wellbeing due to many factors. These followed 3 themes: a safe and open learning environment, empowerment of young people and involvement of the support system and broader community. Multiple recommendations were identified across 2 themes: changes to conference format and planning, and enhancing stakeholder engagement. Discussion The PASH Conference is a promising new youth development design promoting positive adolescent sexual health, which may provide a feasible model for public health educators to trial. Elements of the conference identified as engaging to youth align well with those in PYD research literature. This study provides an early piece of research to inform the design of future research on the PASH Conference including evaluation of behavioural outcomes. It provides introductory information to inform PASH Conference development to further increase its effectiveness.

Published
2019
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11. Music festival attendees’ illicit drug use, knowledge and practices regarding drug content and purity: a cross-sectional survey

Author

Niamh Day, Joshua Criss, Benjamin Griffiths, Shireen Kaur Gujral, Franklin John-Leader, Jennifer Johnston, and Sabrina Pit

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Drug checking is a harm reduction strategy which allows users to check the content and purity of illicit drugs. Although drug checking has been trialled internationally, with demonstrated value as a harm reduction and health promotion strategy, the use of such services in Australia remains a contentious issue. This study aimed to investigate the proportion and patterns of illicit drug use among young people, their attitudes towards drug checking at festivals and the potential impact of drug checking on intended drug use behaviour. Methods The survey was conducted at a major Australian music festival in 2016. Data was collected from a sample of festival attendees (n = 642) aged between 18 and 30 years. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Results Nearly three-quarters (73.4%) of participants reported that they had used illicit drugs in the past 12 months, most commonly cannabis (63.9%) and ecstasy (59.8%). A large proportion of participants believed ‘somewhat’ or ‘a lot’ that drug checking services could help users seek help to reduce harm (86.5%) and that drug checking services should be combined with harm reduction advice (84.9%). However, two thirds of the participants agreed ‘somewhat’ or ‘a lot’ that drug sellers may use this service as a quality control mechanism (68.6%). Approximately half (54.4%) indicated they would be highly likely and a third (32.7%) would be somewhat likely to utilise free drug checking services should they be available at music festivals. When asked whether the results of drug checking would influence their drug use behaviour, participants reported that they would not take substances shown to contain methamphetamine (65.1%), ketamine (57.5%) or para-methoxyamphetamine (PMA) (58.4%). Conclusion The majority of festival attendees aged 18–30 participating in this study reported a history of illicit drug use and were in favour of the provision of free drug checking at festivals. A considerable proportion reported that the results of drug checking would influence their drug use behaviour. The findings of this study can contribute to the debate regarding whether drug checking services could potentially play a major role in harm reduction and health promotion programming for young people attending festivals.

Published
2018
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17. Investigating the relationship between physical activity and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Author

Franklin, John, Batterham, Alan, Atkinson, Gregory, and Harrison, Samantha

Abstract

Background: Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating illness characterised by severe fatigue which causes a significant reduction in levels of activity. Post exertional malaise (PEM), unrefreshing sleep, cognitive impairment, and/ or orthostatic intolerance are all key symptoms of the illness. PEM is described as a unique attribute of ME/CFS which results in significant worsening of symptoms following a physiological, cognitive, or emotional stressor. Due to this, those with ME/CFS are required to manage their activity levels to control PEM symptoms. Nevertheless, there is some evidence that graded exercise interventions could improve symptoms in ME/CFS although this is contested with some arguing that graded exercise programmes cause a worsening of symptoms. The aim of this thesis is to explore the relationship between ME/CFS and physical activity. Methods and Findings: The first objective was to assess if people with ME/CFS had a reduced peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) compared to apparently healthy controls as this may increase their risk of all-cause mortality. A meta-analysis of 32 cross-sectional studies demonstrated that pooled mean VO2peak was 5.2 (95%CI 3.8 to 6.6) ml.kg−1min−1 lower in people ME/CFS vs. healthy controls. This study provided evidence that ME/CFS patients have a substantially reduced VO2peak compared to controls which could increase their risk of all-cause mortality. However, there was insufficient data to ascertain the impact of peak exercise testing on ME/CFS symptoms in the days following testing. A meta-analysis was conducted on studies which conducted repeat maximal exercise tests separated by 24h. The difference in work rate (WR) at anaerobic threshold (AT) (n=4) was -20.64 (95%CI -40.95 to -0.33)W in favour of controls, demonstrating that people with ME/CFS had a reduced power output at AT in the second of the two tests compared to apparently healthy controls. The effect size for this difference was large (d = -0.95) providing evidence that WR at AT effectively discriminates between ME/CFS and controls. These findings provide evidence of an objective and measurable response to repeat high intensity exercise which provides some evidence of a possible physiological element of the illness and may provide a potential objective marker in future studies. In light of this evidence it was important to assess the effectiveness of exercise interventions in managing symptoms of fatigue in ME/CFS. Meta-analysis of studies assessing the effectiveness of graded exercise demonstrated that the pooled percentage difference for the overall effect (n=10) was -13.4% (95%CI -24.2 to -2.6) in favour of intervention. This indicates that exercise results in a clinically relevant reduction in fatigue. However, when studies using the Oxford Criteria case definition were removed from the analysis (n=5) the percentage difference reduced to -9% (95%CI -21.8 to -3.7). The findings indicate a degree of uncertainty around the effectiveness of exercise programmes in ME/CFS which would support evidence from survey data that graded exercise programmes may only be effective for a limited number of people with ME/CFS. To explore this in more detail, in-depth interviews were conducted with six people with ME/CFS using an interpretive phenomenological analysis. Participants described feeling as though they are losing themselves and feel a lack of legitimacy about the hidden nature of the illness. Those with ME/CFS described 'battling' their illness which is not commonly cited in other chronic health conditions. Those with ME/CFS described wanting to be more active although this is contrasted with the unpredictability of the illness. People with ME/CFS described a desire for others to empathise and demonstrate understanding of their illness. Nevertheless, there was some evidence that when people with ME/CFS were able to engage in activities which had personal meaning this resulted in improvement in mood. Evidence indicated the potential for an activity management strategy in ME/CFS. A new form a graduated physical activity was considered for people with ME/CFS. The proposed intervention is designed to be flexible in intensity and duration depending on the symptom profile of the individual and allow individuals to choose from a number of possible activities.

Published
2021

18. Towards a New Paradigm of UAV Safety

Author

Afman, Juan-Pablo, Ciarletta, Laurent, Feron, Eric, Franklin, John, Gurriet, Thomas, and Johnson, Eric N.

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

With the rising popularity of UAVs in the civilian world, we are currently witnessing and paradim shift in terms of operational safety of flying vehicles. Safe and ubiquitous human-system interaction shall remain the core requirement but those prescribed in general aviation are not adapted for UAVs. Yet we believe it is possible to leverage the specific aspects of unmanned aviation to meet acceptable safety requirements. We start this paper with by discussing the new operational context of civilian UAVs and investigate the meaning of safety in light of this new context. Next, we explore the different approaches to ensuring system safety from an avionics point of view. Subsets of operational requirements such as geofencing or mechanical systems for termination or impact limitation can easily be implemented. These are presented with the goal of limiting the collateral damages of a system failure. We then present some experimental results regarding two of the major problems with UAVs. With actual impacts, we demonstrate how dangerous uncontrolled crashes can be. Furthermore, with the large number of runaway drone experiences during civilian operations, the risk is even higher as they can travel a long way before crashing. We provide data on such a case where the software controller is working, keeping the UAV in the air, but the operator is unable to actually control the system. It should be terminated! Finally, after having analyzed the context and some actual solutions, based on a minimal set of requirement and our own experience, we are proposing a simple mechanical based safety system. It unequivocally terminates the flight in the most efficient way by instantly removing parts of the propellers leaving a minimal lifting surface. It takes advantage of what controllability may remain but with a deterministic ending: a definite landing., Comment: 10 pages

Published
2018

20. Index

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

21. Credits

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

22. Back cover

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

23. Henry Louis Gates Jr., Lincoln on Race and Slavery, 2009

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

24. Barack Obama, Remarks at the Abraham Lincoln Association Banquet, Springfield, Illinois, February 12, 2009

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

25. Clarence Thomas on Lincoln and the Declaration of Independence, 1987

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

26. Barack Obama, “What I See in Lincoln’s Eyes,' July 2005

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

27. Arvarh Strickland, Remarks at the Abraham Lincoln Symposium, Springfield, Illinois, February 12, 1980

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

28. Norman E. W. Hodges, Breaking the Chains of Bondage, 1972

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

29. Vincent Harding, There Is a River, 1981

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

30. Lerone Bennett Jr., Forced into Glory, 2000

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

31. John H. Sengstacke, “A New Lincoln,' February 12, 1968

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

32. Mary Frances Berry, “Lincoln & Civil Rights for Blacks,' Address at the Abraham Lincoln Association Banquet, Springfield, Illinois, February 12, 1980

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

33. Barbara Jeanne Fields, “Who Freed the Slaves?' 1990

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

34. Henry Lee Moon, “Abraham Lincoln: A Man to Remember and Honor,' February, 1968

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

35. Lerone Bennett Jr., “Was Abe Lincoln a White Supremacist?' February, 1968

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

36. Julius Lester, Look Out Whitey, Black Power’s Gon’ Get Your Mama, 1968

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

37. Malcolm X, Speech at the University of California, October 11, 1963

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

38. Gwendolyn Brooks, “In the Time of Detachment, in the Time of Cold, 1965'

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

39. John Hope Franklin, “Abraham Lincoln and Civil Rights,' an Address at Gettysburg National Cemetery, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, November 19, 1965

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

40. Daisy Bates, “After 100 Years—Where Do We Stand?' An Address on the Emancipation Proclamation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, January 6, 1963

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

41. St. Clair Drake, the Emancipation Proclamation Centennial Lectures, Chicago, January-February, 1963

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

42. John Hope Franklin, The Emancipation Proclamation, 1963

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

43. Charles H. Wesley, Remarks at Opening of the Emancipation Proclamation Exhibit at the National Archives, Washington, DC, January 4, 1963

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

44. Edith Sampson, Address on the Emancipation Proclamation, circa 1962-1963

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

45. Benjamin Quarles, Lincoln and the Negro, 1962

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

46. Martin Luther King Jr., Draft of An Address to Commemorate Centennial of the Emancipation Proclamation at the Park Sheraton Hotel, New York, New York, September 12, 1962

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

47. Thurgood Marshall, Remarks on Commemoration of the Centennial of the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington, DC, September 22, 1962

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

48. Jackie Robinson, “Kennedy Not Another Lincoln,' June 9, 1962

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

49. Carl J. Murphy, “Freedom Is Never a Gift,' January 23, 1960

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

50. Mary McLeod Bethune on Lincoln’s Birthday, February 12, 1955

Author

Obama, Barack, Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Fields, Barbara Jeanne, Thomas, Clarence, Harding, Vincent, Berry, Mary Frances, Strickland, Arvarh E., Hodges, Norman E. W., Sengstacke, John H, Moon, Henry Lee, Bennett Jr, Lerone, Lester, Julius, Brooks, Gwendolyn, Malcolm X, Julius, Bates, Daisy, Wesley, Charles H, Drake, St. Clair, Quarles, Benjamin, Sampson, Edith, Marshall, Thurgood, King Jr, Martin Luther, Robinson, Jackie, Murphy, Carl J, Johnson, Mordecai W, Wilkins, Roy, Bunche, Ralph J, Townsend, Willard, Jackson, Luther Porter, Baker, Ella, Franklin, John Hope, Bethune, Mary McLeod, Rogers, Joel A, Simmons, Roscoe Conkling, McKay, Claude, Payne, Aaron H, Evans, Grace, Mitchell, Arthur W, Gordon, Eugene, Imes, William Lloyd, Vann, Robert L, Lilly, William E, Haynes, Samuel A, Perkins, Lamar, White, Walter, Chesnutt, Charles, HUGHES, LANGSTON, Johnson, Georgia Douglas, Moton, Robert R, Woodson, Carter G, Harrison, Hubert H, Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, Johnson, Edward A, Gadsden, Richard W, Bush-Banks, Oliva Ward, Allain, Theophile T, Wright Sr, Robert R, Murphy Sr, John H, Lewis, William H, Johnson, James Weldon, Yates, Josephine Silone, Baker, Thomas Nelson, Ball, Cora J, Bowen Sr, John W. E., Curtis, James L, Magee, James H, Smith, Harry C, Williams, Sylvanie F, Moore, Fred R, Gandy, John M, Cottin, Etta M. T., Miller, Kelly, Pickens, William, Henderson, George W, Inborden, Thomas S, Knox, George L, Floyd, Silas X, Kealing, Hightower T, Griffin, Maude K, Trotter, William Monroe, Du Bois, W. E. B, Ransom, Reverdy C, Fortune, T. Thomas, Terrell, Mary Church, Barber, Jesse Max, Sinclair, William A, Keckly, Elizabeth, Grimke, Archibald H, Thomas, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Paul Laurence, Wells-Barnett, Ida B, Taylor, Julius F, Tubman, Harriet, Washington, Booker T, Anderson, Charles W, Hammond, EWS, Clark, Peter H, Langston, John Mercer, Scarborough, William S, Love, Emmanuel K, Williams, George Washington, Cordelia, H, Liverpool, Thomas N.C, Trevigne, Paul, Keckley, Elizabeth, Le Vere, George W, Wagoner, Henry O, Demby, Angeline R, Thomas, Jacob, Newton, Alexander H, Hill, Isaac J, Washington, George, Delany, Martin, Truth, Sojourner, Chase, S.W., Davis, Annie, Africano, S.W., Pennington, James W.C, Stephens, George E, Rutter, Don Carlos, North Carolina Freedmen, George E, Bertonneau, Arnold, Roudanez, Jean Baptiste, Cain, Richard H, Beman, Amos G, Burr, Mattild, Morgan, John H, Street, Thomas R, Johnson, Henry, Florville, William, African Civilization Society, Henry, Menard, John Willis, Asher, Jeremiah, Grimes, Leonard A, Johnson, Hannah, Purvis, Robert, Proctor, John, Hudson, James H, Chester, Thomas Morris, Anderson, Osborne P, Sanderson, Jeremiah B, Augusta, Alexander T, Smith, James, CPS, Alexander T, Johnson, Ezra R, Strother, Thomas, Vashon, George B, Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, Smith, Alfred P, Thomas, Edward M, Bell, Philip A, Garnet, Henry Highland, Payne, Daniel Alexander, Turner, Henry McNeal, Campbell, Jabez P, Hamilton, Robert, Hamilton, Thomas, Douglas, H. Ford, Douglass, Frederick, Weber, Jennifer L, Sellers, John R, Prokopowicz, Gerald J, Pinsker, Matthew, Oakes, James, Medford, Edna Greene, Carwardine, Richard, Burlingame, Michael, Wilson, Douglas L., Davis, Rodney O., Norman, Matthew D., and Hord, Fred Lee

Published
2022

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