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31 results on '"Franklin, Thomas W."'

13. Repurposing environmental DNA samples—detecting the western pearlshell (Margaritifera falcata) as a proof of concept

Author

Dysthe, Joseph C., Rodgers, Torrey, Franklin, Thomas W., Carim, Kellie J., Young, Michael K., McKelvey, Kevin S., Mock, Karen E., Schwartz, Michael J., and Wiley Open Access

Subjects
sample archive, quantitative PCR, noninvasive sampling, Life Sciences
Abstract

Information on the distribution of multiple species in a common landscape is fundamental to effective conservation and management. However, distribution data are expensive to obtain and often limited to high-profile species in a system. A recently developed technique, environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling, has been shown to be more sensitive than traditional detection methods for many aquatic species. A second and perhaps underappreciated benefit of eDNA sampling is that a sample originally collected to determine the presence of one species can be re-analyzed to detect additional taxa without additional field effort. We developed an eDNA assay for the western pearlshell mussel (Margaritifera falcata) and evaluated its effectiveness by analyzing previously collected eDNA samples that were annotated with information including sample location and deposited in a central repository. The eDNA samples were initially collected to determine habitat occupancy by nonbenthic fish species at sites that were in the vicinity of locations recently occupied by western pearlshell. These repurposed eDNA samples produced results congruent with historical western pearlshell surveys and permitted a more precise delineation of the extent of local populations. That a sampling protocol designed to detect fish was also successful for detecting a freshwater mussel suggests that rapidly accumulating collections of eDNA samples can be repurposed to enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of aquatic biodiversity monitoring.

Published
2018

16. Using environmental DNA methods to improve winter surveys for rare carnivores: DNA from snow and improved noninvasive techniques

Author

Franklin, Thomas W., primary, McKelvey, Kevin S., additional, Golding, Jessie D., additional, Mason, Daniel H., additional, Dysthe, Joseph C., additional, Pilgrim, Kristine L., additional, Squires, John R., additional, Aubry, Keith B., additional, Long, Robert A., additional, Greaves, Samuel E., additional, Raley, Catherine M., additional, Jackson, Scott, additional, MacKay, Paula, additional, Lisbon, Joshua, additional, Sauder, Joel D., additional, Pruss, Michael T., additional, Heffington, Don, additional, and Schwartz, Michael K., additional

Published
2019
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24. Environmental DNASampling of Small‐Bodied Minnows: Performance Relative to Location, Species, and Traditional Sampling

Author

Robinson, Anthony T., Paroz, Yvette M., Clement, Matthew J., Franklin, Thomas W., Dysthe, Joseph C., Young, Michael K., McKelvey, Kevin S., and Carim, Kellie J.

Abstract

We performed experiments in southwestern USAstreams to evaluate the efficacy of environmental DNA(eDNA) sampling for two rare small‐bodied minnows: Spikedace Meda fulgidaand Loach Minnow Rhinichthys cobitis. We collected eDNAby filtering 5‐L samples and compared detection sensitivity of eDNAassays to traditional sampling methods (electrofishing and seining) by using both techniques at 33 sites in seven streams. We used caged‐fish experiments to estimate eDNAproduction rates, persistence, and travel distances and to estimate relationships between fish density, biomass, and eDNAquantity. Loach Minnows were detected at 22 sites by both eDNAand traditional sampling, were not detected by either technique at 7 sites, and were detected only by eDNAat 4 sites. Spikedace were detected with both techniques at 15 sites, were not detected by either technique at 8 sites, and were detected only by eDNAat 7 sites. In the Verde River and Wet Beaver Creek, both species’ eDNAwas detected downstream of caged fish out to our maximum sampling distance of 500 m. Estimated eDNAproduction rates were greater for Spikedace than for Loach Minnows, although more Spikedace were used. Production rates for both species were greater in the Verde River than in Wet Beaver Creek. Persistence of eDNAdid not differ among species but was greater in Wet Beaver Creek than in the Verde River. In density experiments, the amount of Spikedace eDNAwas positively related to the density and biomass of caged Spikedace, but the relationship differed between streams. We conclude that eDNAsurveys are more sensitive than traditional methods for detecting rare minnows in southwestern streams. With the sensitivity to detect even a single fish in a 100‐m reach, managers will be able to more effectively identify reaches occupied by threatened or endangered fish, even if a population is in decline.

Published
2019
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27. Role of skeletal muscle in plasma ion and acid-base regulation after NaHCO3 and KHCO3 loading in humans

Author

Lindinger, Michael I., Franklin, Thomas W., Lands, Larry C., Pedersen, Preben K., Welsh, Donald G., and Heigenhauser, George J.F.

Subjects
Sodium bicarbonate -- Physiological aspects, Potassium compounds -- Physiological aspects, Muscles -- Physiological aspects, Acid-base chemistry -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

The role of skeletal muscles in modifying the fluid, ion and acid-base compositions of the perfusing blood toward normal levels after the administration of NaHCO3 and KHCO3 has been studied. Five human male subjects with catheters in a brachial artery and antecubital vein were given 3.57 mmol/kg body mass NaHCO3 or KHCO3. Their blood samples were taken 30 minutes before ingestion and at 10-minute intervals during the 60-minute ingestion period. Results indicated that NaHCO3 and KHCO3 induced different fluid and ionic disturbances and associated regulatory responses by the skeletal muscles.

Published
1999

29. NaHCO3and KHCO3ingestion rapidly increases renal electrolyte excretion in humans

Author

Lindinger, Michael I., Franklin, Thomas W., Lands, Larry C., Pedersen, Preben K., Welsh, Donald G., and Heigenhauser, George J. F.

Abstract

This paper describes and quantifies acute responses of the kidneys in correcting plasma volume, acid-base, and ion disturbances resulting from NaHCO3and KHCO3ingestion. Renal excretion of ions and water was studied in five men after ingestion of 3.57 mmol/kg body mass of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and, in a separate trial, potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3). Subjects had a Foley catheter inserted into the bladder and indwelling catheters placed into an antecubital vein and a brachial artery. Blood and urine were sampled in the 30-min period before, the 60-min period during, and the 210-min period after ingestion of the solutions. NaHCO3ingestion resulted in a rapid, transient diuresis and natriuresis. Cumulative urine output was 44 ± 11% of ingested volume, resulting in a 555 ± 119 ml increase in total body water at the end of the experiment. The cumulative increase (above basal levels) in renal Na+excretion accounted for 24 ± 2% of ingested Na+. In the KHCO3trial, arterial plasma K+concentration rapidly increased from 4.25 ± 0.10 to a peak of 7.17 ± 0.13 meq/l 140 min after the beginning of ingestion. This increase resulted in a pronounced, transient diuresis, with cumulative urine output at 270 min similar to the volume ingested, natriuresis, and a pronounced kaliuresis that was maintained until the end of the experiment. Cumulative (above basal) renal K+excretion at 270 min accounted for 26 ± 5% of ingested K+. The kidneys were important in mediating rapid corrections of substantial portions of the fluid and electrolyte disturbances resulting from ingestion of KHCO3and NaHCO3solutions.

Published
2000
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30. Species occurrence data from the aquatic eDNAtlas database

Author

Young, Michael K., primary, Isaak, Daniel J., additional, Schwartz, Michael K., additional, McKelvey, Kevin S., additional, Nagel, David E., additional, Franklin, Thomas W., additional, Greaves, Samuel E., additional, Dysthe, J. Caleb, additional, Pilgrim, Kristine L., additional, Chandler, Gwynne L., additional, Wollrab, Sherry P., additional, Carim, Kellie J., additional, Wilcox, Taylor M., additional, Parkes-Payne, Sharon L., additional, and Horan, Donna L., additional

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31. Species occurrence data from the Range-Wide Bull Trout eDNA Project

Author

Young, Michael K., primary, Isaak, Daniel J., additional, McKelvey, Kevin S., additional, Schwartz, Michael K., additional, Carim, Kellie J., additional, Fredenberg, Wade, additional, Wilcox, Taylor M., additional, Franklin, Thomas W., additional, Chandler, Gwynne L., additional, Nagel, David E., additional, Parkes-Payne, Sharon L., additional, Horan, Dona L., additional, and Wollrab, Sherry P., additional

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