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Background: As a consequence of the decentralization of health care provision to the different Regions (called Autonomous Communities) in Spain, different health care models and resources have been developed for psychiatric patients. It would be very useful to obtain comprehensive and comparative data on health care models, resources, and activity of acute inpatient psychiatric units (AIPUs) as a key part of mental health systems. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the current state of AIPUs in Spain through a national scorecard that allows the current situation to be visualized in terms of resources, processes, and outputs. Methods: A 104-item online questionnaire was sent to all the AIPUs of the different Regions in Spain. It was divided into 11 sections, including data on the resources, processes, and outputs of the AIPUs plus general data, an indicator dashboard, and good practices. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 60.0% (117/195) of the AIPUs invited to participate. The information collected has allowed us to obtain a detailed snapshot of the current situation of AIPUs in Spain at the levels of infrastructure and material resources, staffing, organization and activity of the units, coordination with other units, guidelines, processes and protocols used, participation and communication with patients and their families, teaching activity, and research linked to the units. Conclusions: This project aimed to help understand the general situation of AIPUs in Spain and its different Regions, contribute to enhancing the benchmarking and harmonization among Spanish Regions, and provide data for future comparisons with other countries.

Reminiscence therapy is one of the most effective psychosocial interventions for people with dementia.To analyse the effectiveness of group reminiscence therapy in people with dementia and to check their involvement in the design and evaluation of the interventions.CINHAL, PubMed, Psicodoc and PsycINFO databases were searched for the period of 2004 to 2016. A systematic search was performed, as well as a quality assessment and a meta-analysis of the articles.The 14 studies selected had a moderate risk of bias. People with dementia who received group reminiscence therapy experienced an improvement in cognition (dMR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.11-0.40; p = 0.0006; I2 = 0%) which was larger than the one observed in the control group (dc = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.11-0.63; p = 0.005; I2 = 0%). There was no improvement in mood, quality of life, behaviour or activities of daily living. People with dementia were not included in the design nor in the evaluation of the interventions.Group reminiscence therapy for people with dementia has favourable effects in cognition. There is a need for the inclusion of people with dementia in the design and planning of the interventions and for more randomised controlled trials.Eficacia de la terapia de reminiscencia grupal en personas con demencia. Revision sistematica y metaanalisis.Introduccion. La terapia de reminiscencia es una de las intervenciones psicosociales mas eficaces para personas con demencia. Objetivos. Analizar la eficacia de la terapia de reminiscencia grupal en personas con demencia y comprobar su participacion en el diseño y evaluacion. Pacientes y metodos. Se revisaron las bases de datos CINHAL, PubMed, Psicodoc y PsycINFO, en el periodo 2004-2016, y se realizo una revision sistematica, evaluacion de calidad y metaanalisis de los articulos. Resultados. Los 14 estudios seleccionados presentaron riesgo de sesgo moderado, los participantes que recibieron terapia de reminiscencia experimentaron una mejoria leve en cognicion (dMR = 0,26; IC 95%: 0,11-0,40; p = 0,0006; I2 = 0%), y esta fue mayor que la del grupo control (dc = 0,37; IC 95%: 0,11-0,63; p = 0,005; I2 = 0%). No se encontraron mejorias en el estado de animo, la calidad de vida, las alteraciones de conducta ni las actividades de la vida diaria. Ningun estudio incluyo a las personas con demencia ni a sus acompañantes en el diseño y evaluacion. Conclusiones. La terapia de reminiscencia grupal tiene efectos favorables sobre la cognicion. Es necesaria la inclusion de las personas con demencia en el diseño y planificacion de las intervenciones, asi como la realizacion de mas ensayos clinicos aleatorizados.

Schizophrenia is a clinically heterogeneous syndrome affecting multiple dimensions of patients' life. Therefore, its treatment might require a multidimensional approach that should take into account the efficacy (the ability of an intervention to get the desired result under ideal conditions), the effectiveness (the degree to which the intended effect is obtained under routine clinical practice conditions or settings) and the efficiency (value of the intervention as relative to its cost to the individual or society) of any therapeutic intervention. In a first step of the process, a group of 90 national experts from different areas of health-care and with a multidimensional and multidisciplinary perspective of the disease, defined the concepts of efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency of established therapeutic interventions within 7 key dimensions of the illness: symptomatology; comorbidity; relapse and adherence; insight and subjective experience; cognition; quality of life, autonomy and functional capacity; and social inclusion and associated factors. The main conclusions and recommendations of this stage of the work are presented herein.

The ability to recognize facial emotional expression is essential for social interactions and adapting to the environment. Emotion recognition is impaired in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD), thus rehabilitation of these skills has the potential to elicit significant benefits.To assess the efficacy of a combined treatment of rehabilitation of emotion recognition (RER) and cognitive stimulation (CS) for people with AD, due to its potential implications for more effective psychosocial interventions.36 patients were assigned to one of three experimental conditions: an experimental group (EG) that received 20 sessions of RER and 20 sessions of CS; a control group (CG) that received 40 sessions of CS, and a treatment as usual group (TAU).32 patients completed the treatment (77.53 ± 5.43 years). Significant differences were found in MMSE30 (F = 5.10; p = 0.013), MMSE35 (F = 4.16; p = 0.026), affect recognition (Z = -2.81; p = 0.005) and basic activities of daily living (Z = -2.27; p = 0.018) favouring the efficacy of the combined treatment. The TAU group showed a decline in depression (Z = -1.99; p = 0.048), apathy (Z = -2.30; p = 0.022) and anosognosia (Z = -2.19; p = 0.028).The combined treatment of RER + CS was more effective than TAU and CS alone for the treatment of patients with AD. This is the first study about the rehabilitation of affect recognition in AD.Rehabilitacion del reconocimiento de emociones combinada con estimulacion cognitiva para personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Eficacia sobre aspectos cognitivos y funcionales.Introduccion. Se han encontrado deficits en el reconocimiento de emociones en personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), pero no se ha informado de ningun tratamiento rehabilitador de esta capacidad en esta poblacion. Objetivo. Evaluar la eficacia de un tratamiento combinado de rehabilitacion del reconocimiento de emociones (RRE) y estimulacion cognitiva (EsC) sobre las funciones cognitivas, el estado de animo, la anosognosia, la capacidad funcional y el reconocimiento de emociones de personas con EA. Sujetos y metodos. En un diseño cuasi experimental, 36 pacientes con EA fueron asignados a tres condiciones: un grupo experimental, que recibio 20 sesiones de RRE y 20 sesiones de EsC; un grupo control, que recibio 40 sesiones de EsC, y un grupo que recibio tratamiento usual (GTU). Resultados. Completaron el estudio 32 pacientes, con una edad media de 77,53 ± 5,43 años. Se observo mejoria en el Minimental State Examination en su version de 30 items (F = 5,10; p = 0,013) y en la de 35 (F = 4,16; p = 0,026), reconocimiento de afectos (Z = –2,81; p = 0,005) y actividades basicas de la vida diaria (Z = –2,27; p = 0,018) a favor del grupo experimental. El grupo que recibio tratamiento usual empeoro en depresion (Z = –1,99; p = 0,048), apatia (Z = –2,30; p = 0,022) y anosognosia (Z = –2,19; p = 0,028). Conclusiones. El tratamiento combinado de RRE y EsC fue mas eficaz que la EsC y que el tratamiento usual. Es la primera vez que se informa de un tratamiento rehabilitador del reconocimiento de emociones en personas con EA.