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This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to evaluate the effects of group-based social skills training (SST) on parent-report social responsiveness in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A total of 18 studies were included in the narrative review and among them five randomized-controlled trials (n = 145) were included in the meta-analysis. SST had large positive effects on social responsiveness. The narrative review identified that SST could improve patients' outcomes in adults with ASD. These results should be interpreted with caution due to the moderate quality of the existing evidence, which could have inflated effect sizes. The absence of active comparator control groups makes unclear whether improvements at post-treatment are treatment-specific or are attributable to common factors to all psychotherapies.

INTRODUCTION: l´échographie obstétricale réalisée selon les normes depuis sa prescription jusqu´au compte rendu est un gage de qualité. Le but de notre étude était de faire le point des échographies obstétricales en vue de rendre rationnelle les échographies de suivi de la grossesse. METHODES: il s´est agi d´une étude transversale descriptive avec collecte rétrospective des données à travers les comptes rendus d´échographies obstétricales réalisées du 1er janvier 2016 au 31 décembre 2018. RESULTATS: Sur les 13487 échographies de la période d´étude, 2355 étaient des échographies obstétricales, constituant 17,46% de l´activité échographique. L´âge moyen des gestantes était de 27,54 ans (±6,19). Le CHU de Bogodogo était la structure demandeuse pour 86,88%. Les paramédicaux étaient prescripteurs dans 66,47%. Les échographies du troisième trimestre constituaient 57,06%. L´âge gestationnel dans 12,99% était supérieur à 37 semaines tandis que dans 66,37% l´âge gestationnel était supérieur à 24 SA. Le suivi prénatal était indiqué dans 54,48%. Les grossesses étaient évolutives dans 97,49%. Les grossesses gémellaires représentent 2,72% et les grossesses pathologiques échographiques 11,80%. Le doppler obstétrical a été réalisé dans 2,12% avec la pré éclampsie comme indication principale (52%). Il y avait 1,18% de malformation avec atteinte du système nerveux dans 60,71%. CONCLUSION: a travers cet état des lieux, la formation des prescripteurs de l´échographie obstétricale apparait primordiale. La mise en place d´un observatoire des pratiques en échographie obstétricale serait d´un atout pour la qualité de ces examens médicaux.

Introduction: At the onset of the 20th century, ancient clinical observations of cancer epidemics in Bantu populations of Sub-Saharan Africa were discovered. They were reported from 1914 to 1960, but remained unexplained. In 1983, in San Francisco, Calif., USA, cancer epidemics were related to infections by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) known as AIDS disease. Yet since 1996, it is known that HIV-1 strains are not the only ones involved. In Sub-Saharan Africa, recurrent orobuccal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and genital recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) appeared many times prior to infection by HIV-1. Case Reports: Data on these ancient medical observations regarding African cancer epidemics can today be referred to as the relationship between the unfortunate immune deficiency of herpes in Bantu populations and HIV-1 viral strains. For centuries, the Bantu populations dispersed in forests were living in close proximity to chimpanzees infected by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and were exposed to SIV contamination which became HIV-1 in human beings. Presently, these unexplained Bantu cancer epidemics can be linked to the viral partnership of HSV-1/HSV-2 to HIV-1 strains. Conclusion: The key issue is now to prevent HSV-1/HSV-2 diseases related to HIV-1. An anti-herpes treatment administered early during childhood to Bantu populations will offer a mean of preventing herpes diseases related to HIV-1 infection and hence avoid cancer epidemics.

We investigated the specific contribution of efferent information in a self-recognition task. Subjects experienced a passive extension of the right index finger, either as an effect of moving their left hand via a lever ('self-generated action'), or imposed externally by the experimenter ('externally-generated action'). The visual feedback was manipulated so that subjects saw either their own right hand ('view own hand' condition) or someone else's right hand ('view other's hand condition) during the passive extension of the index finger. Both hands were covered with identical gloves, so that discrimination on the basis of morphological differences was not possible. Participants judged whether the right hand they saw was theirs or not. Self-recognition was significantly more accurate when subjects were themselves the authors of the action, even though visual and proprioceptive information always specified the same posture, and despite the fact that subjects judged the effect and not the action per se. When the passive displacement of the participants right index finger was externally generated, and only afferent information was available, self-recognition performance dropped to near-chance levels. Differences in performance across conditions reflect the distinctive contribution of efferent information to self-recognition, and argue against a dominant role of proprioception in self-recognition.