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Technological advances have boosted the ability to obtain large and high-quality ecological data. These new technological tools have the potential to rapidly develop knowledge on how species behave and interact in ecosystems at relevant spatial and temporal scales. Comprehensive time-series datasets on the in situ behaviour and dispersal of wild organisms are essential for addressing fundamental ecological and physiological questions regarding non-native freshwater species. In this review, we address how biosensors, hereby defined as a tool for electronic tagging and tracking, can be useful in assessing movement, internal states and behaviour in non-native freshwater species, plus information about the surrounding environment and discuss possibilities of future research. We performed a systematic review of the available literature and retrieved a total of 132 scientific studies (from 1996 to 2023) detailing 140 examples of sensor use. Most studies used radio telemetry (40%; n = 53) followed by acoustic telemetry (34%; n = 45) and PIT telemetry (20%; n = 26) to study non-native freshwater species. The taxonomic group most studied was fish (72%; n = 109), followed by crustaceans (14%; n = 21) and amphibians (5%; n = 8). The most addressed topics included species behaviour assessment (72%; n = 101), species physiology (10%; n = 14) and management (9%; n = 12). As expected, the number of studies noticeably increased since 2006, with the majority performed in North America (55%; n = 73), followed by Europe (30%; n = 40) and Oceania (7%; n = 9). Information provided by biosensors can be used to better understand the dynamics and impacts of cryptic non-native species and can be applied in the management of biological invasions. We also addressed future directions concerning the use of biosensors in non-native freshwater species (e.g. underwater internet systems, artificial intelligence, crittercams). Overall, these technologies provide unique possibilities in the field of biological invasions in freshwater ecosystems and the development of new technologies to address their limitations will increase the amount and reliability of the data gathered to provide information for management actions.

This study explores the prediction and mitigation of pallet collapse during transportation within the glass packaging industry, employing a machine learning approach to reduce cargo loss and enhance logistics efficiency. Using the CRoss-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) framework, data were systematically collected from a leading glass manufacturer and analysed. A comparative analysis between the Decision Tree and Random Forest machine learning algorithms, evaluated using performance metrics such as F1-score, revealed that the latter is more effective at predicting pallet collapse. This study is pioneering in identifying new critical predictive variables, particularly geometry-related and temperature-related features, which significantly influence the stability of pallets. Based on these findings, several strategies to prevent pallet collapse are proposed, including optimizing pallet stacking patterns, enhancing packaging materials, implementing temperature control measures, and developing more robust handling protocols. These insights demonstrate the utility of machine learning in generating actionable recommendations to optimize supply chain operations and offer a foundation for further academic and practical advancements in cargo handling within the glass industry.

Aquatic litter decomposition is highly dependent on contributions and interactions at different trophic levels. The invasion of alien aquatic organisms like the channeled apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) might lead to changes in the decomposition process through new species interactions in the invaded wetland. However, it is not clear how aquatic macroinvertebrate predators like the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) will affect the nutrient cycle in freshwater ecosystems in the face of new benthic invasion. We used the litter bag method to explore the top-down effect of crabs on the freshwater nutrient cycle with the help of soil zymography (a technology previously used in terrestrial ecosystems). The results showed significant feeding effects of crabs and snails on lotus leaf litter and cotton strips. Crabs significantly inhibited the intake of lotus litter and cotton strips and the ability to transform the environment of snails by predation. Crabs promoted the decomposition of various litter substrates by affecting the microbial community structure in the sediment. These results suggest that arthropod predators increase the complexity of detrital food webs through direct and indirect interactions, and consequently have an important impact on the material cycle and stability of freshwater ecosystems. This top-down effect makes macrobenthos play a key role in the biological control and engineering construction of freshwater ecosystems.

The role of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in mediating the impacts of drought in tropical trees is unclear. Here, the authors analyse leaf and branch NSC in 82 Amazon tree species across a Basin-wide precipitation gradient, finding that allocation of leaf NSC to soluble sugars is higher in drier sites and is coupled to tree hydraulic status.

O tema deste estudo enseja grandes discussões. Trata-se da responsabilidade civil pelo abandono afetivo, e consequentemente a possibilidade de reparação dos danos causados ao filho abandonado. Com base nos princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana, da paternidade e maternidade responsável, da proteção integral da criança e do adolescente, bem como do dever de cuidado, convivência e proteção dos pais para com os filhos, foi traçado o objetivo do presente trabalho, que visa demonstrar que os cuidados com um filho não se referem apenas ao sustento materialmente, mas também ao afeto, amparo moral, psicológico e social, fundamentais para a formação e desenvolvimento sadio de uma criança. A grande discussão é se o abandono afetivo do genitor configura ou não um ato ilícito, pressuposto para aplicação da responsabilidade civil. Apesar da divergência, gradativamente estão surgindo decisões favoráveis à responsabilização pelo abandono afetivo, confirmando que cuidado não se trata apenas de faculdade, mas um dever imposto pela própria Constituição Federal Brasileira

Children's motor competence (MC) levels tend to be low, and the investigation of variables that facilitate skillfulness is an important concern. The socioecological model is a useful framework to explore factors that influence MC and to inform the development of targeted interventions. This cross-sectional study aimed to perform an exploratory analysis of MC correlates among children. The sample comprised 267 second- and fourth-grade children (120 female; M[subscript age] = 102 months, SD = 14 months) from six primary schools. The children's legal guardian questionnaire collected sociodemographic, behavioral, and family variables. MC was assessed with the Motorische Basiskompetenzen battery. Data analysis involved simple and multiple regression models. The mean total Motorische Basiskompetenzen score was 8.9 (3.4) out of a maximum score of 16. Sex, age, body mass index, and physical activity and sports clubs were significantly related to total MC in all models (p < 0.05). The final model predicted a variance of 24.5%, adjusted R[superscript 2] = 0.245, F(20, 246) = 5.32, p < 0.001, with male sex (B = 2.03) and organized physical activity (B = 0.35) being positively associated with total MC. Fourth grade (B = -3.6) and body mass index (B = -0.23) were negatively associated with MC. The study provides provisional evidence for the role of some sociodemographic and behavioral factors in MC development, which are important to design future MC interventions.

In Liquid Rocket Engines, higher combustion efficiencies come at the cost of the propellants exceeding their critical point conditions and entering the supercritical domain. The term fluid is used because, under these conditions, there is no longer a clear distinction between a liquid and a gas phase. The non-conventional behavior of thermophysical properties makes the modeling of supercritical fluid flows a most challenging task. In the present work, a Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) computational method following an incompressible but variable density approach is devised on which the performance of several turbulence models is compared in conjunction with a high accuracy multi-parameter equation of state. In addition, a suitable methodology to describe transport properties accounting for dense fluid corrections is applied. The results are validated against experimental data, making it clear that there is no trend between turbulence model complexity and the quality of the produced results. For several instances, one- and two-equation turbulence models produce similar results. Finally, considerations about the applicability of the tested turbulence models in supercritical simulations are given based on the results and the structural nature of each model.

O presente trabalho busca inicialmente conceituar a responsabilidade civil, apresentado suas espécies, bem como, seus elementos. Em seguida, é feita uma abordagem acerca do dano moral, matéria de estudo, estabelecendo sua importância no Direito Brasileiro, juntamente com a fixação do quantum indenizatório. Mais a frente, são apresentadas as funções do dano moral, seja compensatória ou punitiva. Logo em seguida, e analisado a importância do princípio da razoabilidade e proporcionalidade e suas aplicações nas indenizações por danos morais. Por fim, é trazido à baila a valorização do dano moral, nas ações indenizatórias no dias atuais.

We aimed to verify the capacity of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2) factors to identify people with high levels of dependent personality disorder (DPD) traits in a Brazilian sample extracted from the general population. Participants were 1469 adults who responded to factors from the IDCP-2, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), and the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV--Personality Questionnaire (PQ-SCID-II). We found three profiles "via" Latent Profile Analysis using PID-5 facets. Based on the discrimination capacity of IDCP-2 factors to identify these profiles, we created a DPD score for screening patients showing high levels of DPD traits. The IDCP-2 factors were discriminative of the profiles, showing large effects, except Perseveration. The DPD score presented a cutoff equal to 23 with good discriminative indicators, prioritizing the ability to produce fewer false negatives, and higher than those observed in the PQ-SCID-II. The DPD score can be clinically employed to indicate patients presenting a profile matching the DPD pattern. Moreover, the DPD score can assist the professional in mapping the patient's pathological profile into typical DPD traits, as well as helping to plan more personalized interventions. Studies focusing on clinical samples must be conducted to investigate whether our findings replicate.

Apesar da ancestralidade e perenidade das relações Homem-Ambiente o seu tratamento científico tardou, sendo preciso chegar-se ao início do século passado para que tal começasse a alterar-se. Desde então, tolerada, nuns casos, senão mesmo quase ignorada ou rejeitada, noutros casos, condicionada não raro pelo biologismo e o antropocentrismo extremados, umas vezes identificada com a Geografia e outras com a Sociologia, designadamente, outras ainda como capítulo ou extensão da Ecologia Geral, a Ecologia Humana foi interessando cientistas das várias disciplinas, suscitando convergências e, por aí, objecto de reorientação. Assim, após a década 70 do século XX, retomada a ideia de ponte que já tinha ocorrido no início desse século, encarado em definitivo o Homem na sua globalidade biocultural, clarificado o objecto de estudo no contexto do diálogo Homem-Homem, Homem-Ambiente e introduzidos aperfeiçoamentos de metodologia, chega-se aos dias de hoje em que a Ecologia Humana é entendida como uma nova disciplina, um novo nível de pensamento, que procura interpretar os comportamentos da biosfera e da sociosfera. Neste artigo equaciona-se o porquê da Ecologia Humana, a lenta maturação que conheceu até ao seu entendimento na actualidade.

With this work we have in view to evaluate the hygienic conditions of raw milk, stored in milk cans at production sources. We extracted 63 milk samples immediately after the morning milking (by machine or by hand) in cattle farms, located in the great region of Goiânia city, State of Goiás, that we assorted at random from 33 farms in 16 municipalities. It was determined the milk dirtiness rate with results in mg/l and correlated with micro-organism enumerations as quality indicators. Also was made, between them, the correlation of micro-organism indicators. O presente trabalho objetivou a avaliar as condições higiênicas do leite cru obtido de latões, na fonte da produção. Foram colhidas 63 amostras logo após a ordenha matutina (manual ou mecânica), em propriedades localizadas na bacia leiteira da grande região de Goiânia - GO, compreendendo 16 municípios e 33 fazendas sorteadas ao acaso. Determinou-se o índice de sujidade do leite expressando os resultados em mg/l e correlacionando-o com enumerações de microrganismos indicadores da qualidade. Fez-se também a correlação dos microrganismos indicadores entre si.

Sistema de Planejamento: Desafio para o Setor Público.

Caveolae, little caves of cell surfaces, are enriched in cholesterol, a certain level of which is required for their structural integrity. Here we show in adipocytes that cavin-2, a peripheral membrane protein and one of 3 cavin isoforms present in caveolae from non-muscle tissue, is degraded upon cholesterol depletion in a rapid fashion resulting in collapse of caveolae. We exposed 3T3-L1 adipocytes to the cholesterol depleting agent methyl-β-cyclodextrin, which results in a sudden and extensive degradation of cavin-2 by the proteasome and a concomitant movement of cavin-1 from the plasma membrane to the cytosol along with loss of caveolae. The recovery of cavin-2 at the plasma membrane is cholesterol-dependent and is required for the return of cavin-1 from the cytosol to the cell surface and caveolae restoration. Expression of shRNA directed against cavin-2 also results in a cytosolic distribution of cavin-1 and loss of caveolae. Taken together, these data demonstrate that cavin-2 functions as a cholesterol responsive component of caveolae that is required for cavin-1 localization to the plasma membrane, and caveolae structural integrity.

The control of the resistance the compression of the concrete, done through statisticab procedures, it is of fundamental importance for the acceptance or rejection of the obtained results. This works seeks to expose the evaluation new criteria , established by the Brazilian Association of Technical Norms, through NBR-6118 and NBR-12655. The practical aspect based on the quality control of the special works of art of the enlargement of BR-116, segment Messejana - Itaitinga, executed by DNER and supervised by the consultant CORSENGE.

We developed and validated a self-report scale for screening pathological traits of dependent personality disorder (DPD) from the Hierarchical Taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP) perspective. The sample was 693 adults who answered the new scale, the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory DPD (IDCP-DPD), the PID-5, the FFDI, and the FFBI. The IDCP-DPD was composed of six factors grouped in one general score. The scores showed associations with external measures in the expected direction, and the means comparisons showed large differences. Our findings indicated the IDCP-DPD as a useful clinical measure, and the structure observed confirms the spectrum level of the HiTOP.

We aimed to refine the previously proposed antisocial subscale for the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-ASPD). The sample involved 628 Brazilian adults between 18 and 81 years old. We administered the revised ASPD subscale (IDCP-ASPD-R), the Affective and Cognitive Measure of Empathy (ACME), the Crime and Analogous Behavior Scale (CAB), and the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy (LSRP). We confirmed the 3-factors structure for the IDCP-ASPD-R. The IDCP-ASPD-R and its former version presented a good capacity to distinguish the groups, with the largest effect size for the Affective factor (IDCP-ASPD-R). Although the IDCP-ASPD-R has shown good performance, we have observed only a slight increase over the previous version of the scale. Therefore, we can only expect a small higher contribution of IDCP-ASPD-R in its practical application to group discrimination. However, from a theoretical perspective, the IDCP-ASPD-R overrides its former version.

A identificação das características necessárias ao exercício, com qualidade, das funções de orientador da formação médica pós-graduada constitui uma necessidade do próprio profissional e das instituições responsáveis pela sua qualificação profissional. Importa, assim, definir um Perfil de Competências do orientador dos médicos em formação que corresponda às necessidades de um processo de formação (especialização) que decorre sobretudo em contexto real de trabalho. Para a definição do Perfil de Competências, os autores fizeram um exercício de análise das funções e tarefas do orientador, identificando as competências que sustentam o seu desempenho. O perfil identificado foi submetido a um grupo de profissionais para validação e, em todas as fases de elaboração, à apreciação de auditores externos. Neste perfil identificam-se e sistematizam-se as características do orientador em três tipos: pré-requisitos, atributos e competências pedagógicas. O Perfil de Competências, constituindo um instrumento útil de auto-avaliação, permite também às instituições responsáveis pela qualificação profissional uma supervisão do exercício pedagógico, contribuindo para o apoio e desenvolvimento técnico individual.

Copyright of Avaliação Psicológica is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Avaliacao Psicologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Avaliação Psicológica is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Avaliacao Psicologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Extractive reserves (RESEXs) are relevant areas that aim to allow the conservation of environmental resources and sustainable production practices of extractivism, agriculture, and livestock. In this study, we evaluated whether this aim is viable in the context of sustainability and conservation. Data were collected in the Alto Juruá, Rio Ouro Preto, and Rio Cajari RESEXs, via 384 questionnaires to investigate environmental, economic, social, and institutional issues in different communities. Here, we conclude that the failure of RESEXs in relation to conservation and development is correlated with a lack of institutional investment in innovations and technologies; low production from extractivism, agriculture, and livestock; lack of technical support; low production; and difficulties in markets for the commercialization of products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the COVID‐19 context, traits associated with antisociality can decrease concern and awareness about the potential harmfulness of the virus. This study investigated associations of pathological traits of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) with behaviours and beliefs linked to COVID‐19 containment measures. The sample consisted of 2230 Brazilian adults who answered ASPD‐related facets of the Personality Inventory for DSM‐5 and a questionnaire regarding adherence to COVID‐19 containment measures. We applied the DSM‐5 ASPD criteria to divide the sample into antisocial and non‐antisocial groups. Our findings suggest that individuals meeting the criteria for ASPD tend to exhibit reduced compliance with pandemic control measures and lower adherence to hygiene practices. Moreover, sex, income, and age should be considered potential covariates in research investigating the relationship between antisocial traits and adherence to COVID‐19 preventive measures. Altogether, our findings highlight ASPD traits' role in the predisposition to lack of prosocial behaviours of adherence to COVID‐19 containment measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]