Search

Your search keyword '"Frances Cope"' showing total 42 results
Start Over Author "Frances Cope"
42 results on '"Frances Cope"'

1. The SDSS-IV Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey : overview and early data

Author

Joe Huehnerhoff, Jo Bovy, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Nicolás G. Busca, Matthew A. Bershady, Will J. Percival, Yipeng Jing, Marcio A. G. Maia, Conor Sayres, Diana Holder, Xiaohui Fan, Eric Jullo, Flavia Sobreira, Sergio Rodríguez-Torres, Vikrant Kamble, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Yu Liang, Andreas A. Berlind, Patrick Gaulme, Beth Reid, Stephen Bailey, Peter Nugent, Andrea Merloni, Peter M. Frinchaboy, Dmitry Bizyaev, A. C. Rosell, Gong-Bo Zhao, Tracy Naugle, Yen-Ting Lin, Vivek Mariappan, Zhongxu Zhai, Julien Guy, Hélion du Mas des Bourboux, Shirley Ho, Martin White, Éric Aubourg, Abhishek Prakash, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Yuting Wang, Audrey Oravetz, Dustin Lang, Uroš Seljak, W. N. Brandt, Demitri Muna, Patrick Petitjean, Sylvain de la Torre, M. C. Cousinou, Ian D. McGreer, Pierre Laurent, Adam D. Myers, Isabelle Paris, Andres Meza, John J. Ruan, Franco D. Albareti, Etienne Burtin, Kyle S. Dawson, Adam S. Bolton, Alina Streblyanska, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Marcos Lima, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Kaike Pan, Benjamin A. Weaver, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Branimir Sesar, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Ashley J. Ross, Alice Pisani, Axel de la Macorra, Mark A. Klaene, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Karen Kinemuchi, Nicholas R. MacDonald, Rita Tojeiro, Nicolas Clerc, Nao Suzuki, Scott F. Anderson, Dan Long, John A. Peacock, Kirpal Nandra, Johan Comparat, D. Kirkby, Anze Slosar, Timothy A. Hutchinson, Michael Blomqvist, Donald P. Schneider, Stephanie Escoffier, Jeremy L. Tinker, Charling Tao, Irene Cruz-González, Jon Brinkmann, Michael Eracleous, Francisco-Shu Kitaura, Hu Zou, Elena Malanushenko, Yiping Shu, Anand Raichoor, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Andreu Font-Ribera, Tom Dwelly, J. Ridl, Graziano Rossi, Hee-Jong Seo, Britt Lundgren, Sarah Shandera, Brice Ménard, Luiz N. da Costa, Shadab Alam, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Christophe Yèche, Daniel Oravetz, Matthew M. Pieri, Jean-Paul Kneib, Julian E. Bautista, Weipeng Lin, Mara Salvato, Antonis Georgakakis, Alexis Finoguenov, Hong Guo, Florian Beutler, Guangtun Zhu, Jeremy Darling, Zheng Zheng, Frances Cope, Donna Taylor, Francisco Prada, David H. Weinberg, Cheng Li, Rupert A. C. Croft, Joel R. Brownstein, Viktor Malanushenko, Paul J. Green, Jeffrey A. Newman, John K. Parejko, David J. Schlegel, Matthew D. Olmstead, Russ R. Laher, Cameron K. McBride, Cheng Zhao, Timothée Delubac, James Rich, Michael R. Blanton, Eric Armengaud, Anne Ealet, Zheng Cai, Qiufan Lin, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, AVL, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [PennState], Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Departamento de FisicaTeorica e IFT-UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EPFL Laboratoire d’astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory [Shanghai] (SHAO), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Departamento de Fisica Matematica, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik (MPA), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Pittsburgh], University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), APC - Cosmologie, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Minneapolis] (ECE), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, China National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture [Beijing] (NRCIEA), Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Shandong University, Laboratoire de Chimie - UMR5182 (LC), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Universidad Santiago de Chile, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, surveys, Tests of general relativity, 0103 physical sciences, ST/K0090X/1, QB Astronomy, Emission spectrum, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QC, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, 3rd-DAS, Redshift, Galaxy, Baryon, QC Physics, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, astro-ph.CO, Baryon acoustic oscillations, Neutrino, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Astrophysical Journal 151.2 (2016): 44 reproduced by permission of the AAS, In a six-year program started in 2014 July, the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) will conduct novel cosmological observations using the BOSS spectrograph at Apache Point Observatory. These observations will be conducted simultaneously with the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) designed for variability studies and the Spectroscopic Identification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS) program designed for studies of X-ray sources. In particular, eBOSS will measure with percent-level precision the distance-redshift relation with baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the clustering of matter. eBOSS will use four different tracers of the underlying matter density field to vastly expand the volume covered by BOSS and map the large-scale-structures over the relatively unconstrained redshift range 0.6 < z < 2.2. Using more than 250,000 new, spectroscopically confirmed luminous red galaxies at a median redshift z = 0.72, we project that eBOSS will yield measurements of the angular diameter distance dA(z) to an accuracy of 1.2% and measurements of H(z) to 2.1% when combined with the z > 0.6 sample of BOSS galaxies. With ∼195,000 new emission line galaxy redshifts, we expect BAO measurements of dA(z) to an accuracy of 3.1% and H(z) to 4.7% at an effective redshift of z = 0.87. A sample of more than 500,000 spectroscopically confirmed quasars will provide the first BAO distance measurements over the redshift range 0.9 < z < 2.2, with expected precision of 2.8% and 4.2% on dA(z) and H(z), respectively. Finally, with 60,000 new quasars and re-observation of 60,000 BOSS quasars, we will obtain new Lyα forest measurements at redshifts z > 2.1; these new data will enhance the precision of dA(z) and H(z) at z > 2.1 by a factor of 1.44 relative to BOSS. Furthermore, eBOSS will provide improved tests of General Relativity on cosmological scales through redshift-space distortion measurements, improved tests for non-Gaussianity in the primordial density field, and new constraints on the summed mass of all neutrino species. Here, we provide an overview of the cosmological goals, spectroscopic target sample, demonstration of spectral quality from early data, and projected cosmological constraints from eBOSS, K.D. acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DE-SC000995. J.P.K. and T.D. acknowledge support from the ERC advanced grant LIDA. W.J.P. acknowledges support from the UK STFC through the consolidated grant ST/K0090X/1, and from the European Research Council through grant Darksurvey

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of SDSS-III

Author

Dan Long, Jean-Paul Kneib, Timothée Delubac, Ricardo Genova-Santos, Oliver Steele, Guinevere Kauffmann, Rupert A. C. Croft, Nicolás G. Busca, Will J. Percival, Marcio A. G. Maia, Tomer Tal, James Rich, Cullen H. Blake, Stephen A. Smee, Adam S. Bolton, Ashley J. Ross, Yiping Shu, Beatrice Jordan, Janine Pforr, Andreas A. Berlind, John K. Parejko, Kevin Bundy, Hayley Finley, Joel R. Brownstein, Johan Comparat, David J. Schlegel, Stephanie A. Snedden, Ian D. McGreer, Shirley Ho, D. Kirkby, Howard Brewington, Anže Slosar, James E. Gunn, Michael R. Blanton, Nao Suzuki, Christopher P. Ahn, Karen L. Masters, Fritz Stauffer, Licia Verde, Russell Owen, Jeremy L. Tinker, Jordi Miralda-Escudé, Anne Ealet, Éric Aubourg, M. Jordan Raddick, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Benjamin A. Weaver, Francisco Prada, Mark A. Klaene, Claudia G. Scóccola, Michael A. Strauss, Alina Streblyanska, Kaike Pan, Arnaud Borde, Craig Loomis, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Natalia Connolly, Joe Huehnerhoff, Martin Makler, Daryl Haggard, Benjamin J. Weiner, Gong-Bo Zhao, Robert Pfaffenberger, A. Carnero, Martin White, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Antonio J. Cuesta, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, Stephen Bailey, Alessandra Beifiori, Patrick McDonald, Khee-Gan Lee, Jo Bovy, Nicholas P. Ross, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Francesco Montesano, Jon Brinkmann, Stephanie Escoffier, Matthew D. Olmstead, M. G. Watson, Natalie A. Roe, Michael A. Carr, Isabelle Pâris, Zheng Zheng, Rafael Rebolo, Gordon T. Richards, Hee-Jong Seo, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Britt Lundgren, Olga Mena, Yue Shen, Audrey Oravetz, Cameron K. McBride, Xiaohui Fan, Molly E. C. Swanson, Frances Cope, K. Honscheid, Graziano Rossi, Tracy Naugle, Matthew M. Pieri, David H. Weinberg, Robert H. Lupton, Viktor Malanushenko, Erin S. Sheldon, Michael Blomqvist, Donald P. Schneider, Luiz N. da Costa, Ben Harris, David W. Harris, Robert C. Nichol, Julian E. Bautista, James R. A. Davenport, Peter J. Brown, Saurav Dhital, Garrett Ebelke, Daniel Margala, Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols, Hong Guo, Robert H. Barkhouser, N. Filiz Ak, Demitri Muna, Scott F. Anderson, Andrew A. West, Elena Malanushenko, Patrick B. Hall, Alaina Shelden, Yanmei Chen, M. Vargas Magaña, Ariel G. Sánchez, William Carithers, Lado Samushia, Dmitry Bizyaev, Kyle S. Dawson, Christy Tremonti, Conor Sayres, Sebastián E. Nuza, Roland de Putter, Diana Holder, Sarah J. Schmidt, Eyal A. Kazin, Richard G. McMahon, Wendell P. Jordan, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Idit Zehavi, Andreu Font-Ribera, W. N. Brandt, Jean-Christophe Hamilton, Christophe Yèche, Patrick Petitjean, Daniel Oravetz, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Rita Tojeiro, David W. Hogg, Adam D. Myers, Daniel Thomas, Vaishali Bhardwaj, Matteo Viel, David A. Wake, Rachel Mandelbaum, Claudia Maraston, Constance M. Rockosi, Masayuki Tanaka, Marc Manera, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), BOSS, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Observacions astronòmiques, 0103 physical sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Observations, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Cosmologia, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Angular diameter distance, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Lyman-alpha forest, Redshift, Galaxy, Cosmology, Baryon, Boss, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomia, Baryon acoustic oscillations, Astronomical observations, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) is designed to measure the scale of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the clustering of matter over a larger volume than the combined efforts of all previous spectroscopic surveys of large-scale structure. BOSS uses 1.5 million luminous galaxies as faint as i = 19.9 over 10,000 deg(2) to measure BAO to redshifts z < 0.7. Observations of neutral hydrogen in the Ly alpha forest in more than 150,000 quasar spectra (g < 22) will constrain BAO over the redshift range 2.15 < z < 3.5. Early results from BOSS include the first detection of the large-scale three-dimensional clustering of the Ly alpha forest and a strong detection from the Data Release 9 data set of the BAO in the clustering of massive galaxies at an effective redshift z = 0.57. We project that BOSS will yield measurements of the angular diameter distance d(A) to an accuracy of 1.0% at redshifts z = 0.3 and z = 0.57 and measurements of H(z) to 1.8% and 1.7% at the same redshifts. Forecasts for Ly alpha forest constraints predict a measurement of an overall dilation factor that scales the highly degenerate D-A(z) and H-1(z) parameters to an accuracy of 1.9% at z similar to 2.5 when the survey is complete. Here, we provide an overview of the selection of spectroscopic targets, planning of observations, and analysis of data and data quality of BOSS, The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort fromthe technical and administrative staff in Malarg¨ue. The authors are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comisi´on Nacional de Energ´ıa At´omica, Fundaci ´on Antorchas, Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malarg¨ue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Le˜nas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access,Argentina; theAustralian ResearchCouncil;Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient´ıfico e Tecnol´ogico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Minist´erio de Ciˆencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR AV0Z10100502 and AV0Z10100522, GAAV KJB100100904, MSMT-CR LA08016, LG11044, MEB111003, MSM0021620859, LA08015, and TACR TA01010517, Czech Republic; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, CentreNational de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil R´egional Ile-de- France, D´epartement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), D´epartement Sciences de l’Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-W¨urttemberg, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium f¨ur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-W¨urttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog´ıa (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), The Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grants no. N N202 200239 and N N202 2038, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciˆencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Consejer´ıa de Educaci´on de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, FEDER funds, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci´on and Consolider- Ingenio 2010 (CPAN), Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK; Department of Energy, Contract nos. DE-AC02-07CH11359 and DEFR02- 04ER41300, National Science Foundation, Grant no. 0450696, The Grainger Foundation, USA; NAFOSTED, Vietnam; ALFA-EC/HELEN and UNESCO.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Performance of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) high-resolution near-infrared multi-object fiber spectrograph

Author

Mike Skrutskie, Diana Holder, Adam Burton, Matthew Shetrone, A. E. García Pérez, Bo Zhao, Jim Arns, Russell Owen, Mark A. Klaene, Bruce Gillespie, Demitri Muna, Frances Cope, Paul Maseman, F. Leger, Verne V. Smith, Basil Blank, Craig P. Loomis, R. Stoll, Tracy Naugle, Suvrath Mahadevan, Sophia Brunner, B. Pfaffenberger, Nicholas MacDonald, Robert H. Barkhouser, S. D. Chojnowski, J. Barr, Steven R. Majewski, Viktor Malanushenko, Wendell P. Jordan, George H. Rieke, Stephane Beland, T. Stolberg, Carlos Allende-Prieto, Matthew J. Nelson, M. Vernieri, Chuck Henderson, Howard Brewington, David H. Weinberg, Kaike Pan, Albert Harding, Marcia J. Rieke, Katia Cunha, Peter M. Frinchaboy, David J. Schlegel, Jon A. Holtzman, Thomas P. O'Brien, Larry N. Carey, S. A. Snedden, J. A. Johnson, John C. Wilson, Brett H. Andrews, Dan Long, Michael R. Hayden, E. Walker, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Ricardo P. Schiavon, Samuel Halverson, Sz. Meszaros, D. V. Bizyaev, James E. Gunn, David L. Nidever, Jeffrey D. Crane, Garrett Ebelke, Frederick R. Hearty, Charles R. Lam, A. Simmons, Greg Fitzgerald, Gail Zasowski, C. Harrison, Benjamin A. Weaver, Daniel Oravetz, Erick T. Young, J. Brinkmann, Fritz Stauffer, M. R. Blanton, T. Horne, Michael A. Carr, Stephen C. Hope, Stephen A. Smee, and Elena Malanushenko

Subjects
Cryostat, Physics, business.industry, Milky Way, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, Near-infrared spectroscopy, Astronomy, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Observatory, Sky, business, Spectrograph, media_common
Abstract

The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) uses a dedicated 300-fiber, narrow-band near-infrared (1.51-1.7 μm), high resolution (R~22,500) spectrograph to survey approximately 100,000 giant stars across the Milky Way. This three-year survey, in operation since late-summer 2011 as part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS III), will revolutionize our understanding of the kinematical and chemical enrichment histories of all Galactic stellar populations. We present the performance of the instrument from its first year in operation. The instrument is housed in a separate building adjacent to the 2.5-m SDSS telescope and fed light via approximately 45-meter fiber runs from the telescope. The instrument design includes numerous innovations including a gang connector that allows simultaneous connection of all fibers with a single plug to a telescope cartridge that positions the fibers on the sky, numerous places in the fiber train in which focal ratio degradation had to be minimized, a large mosaic-VPH (290 mm x 475 mm elliptically-shaped recorded area), an f/1.4 six-element refractive camera featuring silicon and fused silica elements with diameters as large as 393 mm, three near-infrared detectors mounted in a 1 x 3 mosaic with sub-pixel translation capability, and all of these components housed within a custom, LN2-cooled, stainless steel vacuum cryostat with dimensions 1.4-m x 2.3-m x 1.3-m.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. The Basal Metabolism in Pregnancy

Author

Joseph A. Johnston, Helen A. Hunscher, Icie G. Macy, Frances Cope Hummel, Priscilla Bonner, and Mary F. Bates

Subjects
Nitrogen balance, medicine.medical_specialty, Pregnancy, Nutrition and Dietetics, Chemistry, Medicine (miscellaneous), chemistry.chemical_element, Urine, medicine.disease, Sulfur, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Basal metabolic rate, medicine, Thermogenesis
Published
1938
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Synthesized, processed, and natural sources of vitamin C in the mineral metabolism of normal children

Author

Louise Emerson, Priscilla Bonner, Mary Bates Olson, Frances Cope Hummel, James Horton, Marion L. Shepherd, A. Theresa Johnston, Helen A. Hunscher, and Icie G. Macy

Subjects
Orange juice, Vitamin C, business.industry, chemistry.chemical_element, Metabolism, Calcium, Ascorbic acid, Body weight, chemistry, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Normal children, Mineral metabolism, Medicine, Food science, business
Published
1940
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Human Milk Studies

Author

Donald J. Barnes, Helen A. Hunscher, Icie G. Macy, and Frances Cope

Subjects
Pregnancy, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Fortification, Medicine (miscellaneous), Rickets, Cod liver oil, medicine.disease, Animal science, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lactation, Vitamin D and neurology, Potency, Medicine, Food science, business, Breast feeding
Published
1934
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Metabolic observations on a child with essential hyperlipemia

Author

Harold H. Williams, Frances Cope Hummel, Betty Nims Erickson, Samuel S. Bernstein, and Marion L. Shepherd

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, medicine.disease, Respiratory quotient, Malnutrition, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Metabolic study, Normal rate, Medical history, business
Abstract

Summary Although no definite conclusions can be made concerning the origin of the lipemia, a study of the medical history of a 7-year-old boy discloses evidence of a high and continuous lipemia, of several years' duration, which has not precluded growth or development nor produced any appreciable disturbance in living routine. Metabolic study shows the level of fats in his blood is directly influenced by the amount of fat ingested. Continuous administration of a diet low in fat has produced progressive improvement. Studies of his respiratory quotient and specific dynamic response to foods indicate that the patient can burn fat and carbohydrate at an apparently normal rate.

Published
1939
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Variability of Metabolic Response of Different Children to a Given Intake of Calcium

Author

Helen A. Hunscher, Frances Cope Hummel, and Icie G. Macy

Subjects
Metabolic balance, Physiology, Food science, Biology, Body size, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract

As the metabolic balance studies on the “so-called normal” adults1,2 and 22 children3,4 as well as the growth observations on 530 infants5 have progressed in this laboratory over several years we have grown more and more impressed with the wide physiological variations found. These fluctuations are evident not only among individuals of the same age, body size and living under the same environmental conditions but of the same individual when kept under constant conditions and observed continuously over, not days, but weeks. Obviously, it becomes necessary to build up some knowledge as to how much variation one may expect to find in a healthy individual living under highly standardized conditions before it is possible to interpret the degree of differences of results found under specific experimental conditions or in disease. Moreover, in the case of children, it is exceedingly important to build up some concept of the changes that occur incident to growth and development alone, before one is able to interp...

Published
1936
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. The influence of a daily serving of spinach or its equivalent in oxalic acid upon the mineral utilization of children

Author

Priscilla Bonner, Icie G. Macy, M.F. Bates, Helen A. Hunscher, Frances Cope Hummel, and James Horton

Subjects
biology, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Phosphorus, Oxalic acid, chemistry.chemical_element, Appetite, Calcium, biology.organism_classification, chemistry.chemical_compound, Normal variation, Animal science, chemistry, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Botany, Spinach, Medicine, Composition (visual arts), Leafy vegetables, business, media_common
Abstract

Summary 1. One hundred and twenty-one metabolic balances for each nitrogen,calcium, and phosphorus have been made on ten growing children. The individual physiologic response characteristic for each child on the different dietary regimens has been determined for sixty to eighty-five successive days by five-day balance periods. Each child served as his own control. 2. Control periods of twenty-five days on the ordinary mixed dietof common foods showed the children to be storing nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. The storage rates of these elements were not significantly altered by the daily consumption of 100 grams of spinach; more-over, they were compatible with normal variations observed in growth. 3. No cumulative toxic or untoward effects could be determined either in the average daily retentions, or in the progressive storage curves of nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus either during the period of consumption of spinach and oxalic acid or during the control period immediately following. 4. The supplementation of an already adequate diet with a generous serving of spinach daily, even for as long as forty consecutive days, did not change the rate of calcium storage in growing children when their calcium intake was adequate to cover the precipitating effect of the oxalic acid and provide for their fluctuating growth needs. 5. The practical conclusion drawn from the data recorded herein is that spinach is not harmful even in servings of 100 grams daily, at least in preadolescent children, but because of its richness in vitamins, minearls, especially iron, and other nutritive essentials it should retain its customary place along with other green leafy vegetables.

Published
1938
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Metabolism of Women During the Reproductive Cycle

Author

Frances Cope Hummel, Helen A. Hunscher, Helen R. Sternberger, and Icie G. Macy

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Amniotic fluid, chemistry.chemical_element, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physiology, Calcium, Biology, Reproductive cycle, Biochemistry, Internal medicine, Lactation, Placenta, Fetal growth, medicine, Molecular Biology, Gynecology, Fetus, Pregnancy, Nutrition and Dietetics, Chemistry, Cell Biology, Metabolism, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phosphorus utilization
Published
1935
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. The Sulfur Metabolism of Children

Author

Bertha Munks, Icie G. Macy, Olive D. Hoffman, D. Maxwell Teague, Eliot F. Beach, Harold H. Williams, and Frances Cope Hummel

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, chemistry, Body height, Environmental chemistry, Sulfur metabolism, Medicine (miscellaneous), chemistry.chemical_element, Metabolism, Food science, Nutrition research, Biology, Sulfur, Feces
Published
1942
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. EFFECT OF VARIED BANANA INTAKE ON NITROGEN AND MINERAL BALANCES OF NORMAL CHILDREN

Author

HUNSCHER, HELEN A., HUMMEL, FRANCES COPE, MACY, ICIE G., OLSON, MARY BATES, BONNER, PRISCILLA, HORTON, JAMES, SHEPHERD, MARION L., SOUDERS, HELEN J., EMERSON, LOUISE, and JOHNSTON, A. THERESA

Abstract

The nutritive advantage of supplementary banana in the diets of children has been demonstrated. Roberts and her co-workers 1 have shown that in an institution 123 boys whose diet was supplemented with two or three bananas daily over a nine month period made a slightly greater mean gain in weight and height than a control group; they also showed slightly greater progress in ossification of the bones of the wrist and greater mean gains in measurements of arm girth, subcutaneous tissue and weight (Franzen measurements) and also in the scores for these items. These authors emphasized that the differences did not in most cases attain statistical significance, but because the investigation was made on matched groups and the results were consistent in direction they expressed the belief that the differences were real ones attributable to the supplement. The nutritive advantage of the banana has been attributed to its excess alkaline-ash

Published
1940
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. VALUE OF COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES IN DIETS OF NORMAL CHILDREN

Author

MACY, ICIE G., HUMMEL, FRANCES COPE, and SHEPHERD, MARION L.

Abstract

The function of fiber in the nutrition of human beings is little understood. It is alleged that in order to maintain good tone and function of the stomach and intestines and to stimulate satisfactory peristaltic action, the daily food allowance should include some "roughage" or bulk.1 Most of the experiments recorded in the literature have been performed on a limited number of adult male subjects, usually for periods of one to fourteen days, and there is a dearth of controlled data on children,2 although it is important that the desirable level of intake of roughage for the maintenance of gastrointestinal hygiene be established for them.In connection with a study of the nitrogen and mineral metabolism of normal children,3 analyses of the food and feces for the complex carbohydrates were undertaken to ascertain the amounts which were not digested in their alimentary tracts. The investigations were made under

Published
1943
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. EFFECT OF IRRADIATED MILKS ON STORAGE OF NITROGEN AND ACID-BASE MINERALS IN CHILDREN

Author

HUMMEL, FRANCES COPE, HUNSCHER, HELEN A., MACY, ICIE G., BATES, MARY, BONNER, PRISCILLA, HORTON, JAMES, SHEPHERD, MARION, SOUDERS, HELEN, EMERSON, LOUISE, and JOHNSTON, A. THERESA

Abstract

In the investigation reported here observations were made on the mineral storage of 8 well children 5 to 8 years of age during test periods of twenty to sixty days under closely controlled conditions of diet and environment. Each child studied received first nonirradiated milk and later irradiated milk of the same kind and quantity. Three of the children were given fluid milk, 3 were given evaporated milk and 2 were given a combination of the two kinds. METHODS One of the greatest burdens in a continuous study with such a rigid regimen is the maintenance of the morale of the subjects. The Methodist Children's Village afforded ideal facilities for metabolic observations. At the village 8 to 10 children live together in a home unit with a house mother; this arrangement kept the study group together without disrupting the routine of the happy, healthy children. The experimental subjects went to

Published
1939
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Metabolism of Women during the Reproductive Cycle

Author

Hummel, Frances Cope, Sternberger, Helen R., Hunscher, Helen A., and Macy, Icie G.

Abstract

Using the continuous metabolic balance method of study on one woman in her fourth reproductive cycle when consuming a generous food intake the mean daily balances of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine were found to be 0.37 ± 0.19, 0.11 ± 0.05, 0.56 ± 0.53, 1.40 ± 0.72, 0.26 ± 0.16, 0.34 ± 0.13 and 0.60 ± 0.96 gm., respectively, during the final 145 days of pregnancy and -0.48 ± 0.56, -0.03 ± 0.15, +0.47 ± 0.46, +0.87 ± 1.06, -0.37 ± 0.24, -0.22 ± 0.18, +0.39 ± 0.88 gm., respectively, from the tenth to fifty-third days of milk flow.

Published
1936
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Chemical Composition of Twenty-Two Common Foods and Comparison of Analytical with Calculated Values of Diets

Author

Hummel, Frances Cope, Shepherd, Marion L., Galbraith, Harry, Williams, H.H., and Macy, Icie G.

Abstract

1The analyses of twenty-two common foods for nitrogen, fat, energy, the positive (calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium) and negative (phosphorus, chlorine and sulfur) minerals and iron indicate that individual samples of a given food vary from values reported in the standard tables.2Fruits and vegetables vary widely while milk is more constant in mineral content.3The variability of common foods does not seem to be as much a measure of contamination as a determination of real differences in composition.4Comparison of a series of analyses of eleven composite diets with the sums of the corresponding values for the individual foods in the diet, emphasizes the increased accuracy which may be obtained when a larger amount of a given constituent is contained in the material available for analysis. The composite diets showed a more constant composition than the components.5When the analyses of composite diets are compared with dietary figures calculated from the literature, there is good agreement in the content of magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, calories and fat. Sodium, chlorine and calcium may be significantly different from calculated values.6If mineral, energy or fat content of a composite diet or an individual food is to be known with the highest degree of accuracy, it should be analyzed under the conditions of the experiment in which it is to be used.7The variations from time to time, as indicated by the standard error of the mean of each series, did not vary appreciably for a given constituent excepting in the case of sodium and chloride, even when the technique was refined in every possible manner. This indicates that the variations are inherent in the foods themselves rather than measures of errors in manipulation.

Published
1942
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Variability of Metabolic Response of Different Children to a Given Intake of Calcium

Author

Hunscher, Helen A., Hummel, Frances Cope, and Macy, Icie G.

Abstract

As the metabolic balance studies on the “so-called normal” adults1,2and 22 children3,4as well as the growth observations on 530 infants5have progressed in this laboratory over several years we have grown more and more impressed with the wide physiological variations found. These fluctuations are evident not only among individuals of the same age, body size and living under the same environmental conditions but of the same individual when kept under constant conditions and observed continuously over, not days, but weeks. Obviously, it becomes necessary to build up some knowledge as to how much variation one may expect to find in a healthy individual living under highly standardized conditions before it is possible to interpret the degree of differences of results found under specific experimental conditions or in disease. Moreover, in the case of children, it is exceedingly important to build up some concept of the changes that occur incident to growth and development alone, before one is able to interpret satisfactorily the significant effect of specific food or other amenable factors on the metabolism of the child.To illustrate not only the degree of variability that may occur among healthy individuals of like age and body size but also the increments and decrements that occur in metabolism from time to time as the observations progress the present report records the calcium balances for only 25 to 65 consecutive days of 6 of the 22∗typically healthy children who were maintained on simple diets of 70 to 100 calories per kilo of body weight per day appropriate for the age and size of the child and approximately uniform in mineral and nitrogen content. The dietary furnished one gram of calcium per day for each child.

Published
1936
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. A Consideration of the Nutritive State in the Metabolism of Women during Pregnancy

Author

Hummel, Frances Cope, Hunscher, Helen A., Bates, Mary F., Bonner, Priscilla, Macy, Icie G., and Johnston, Joseph A.

Abstract

1The present report records the metabolic balances of an 18-year-old primapara observed uninterruptedly during the final 65 days of gestation. Her medical history showed an unsatisfactory nutritional background for 6 preceding years. During the metabolic study she was maintained under highly controlled conditions of living and a constant diet. The results are compared with similar ones on two healthy women during the same interval of reproduction.2The mean daily storage of nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorine, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium was 1.32, 0.27, — 0.17, 0.27, 0.71, 0.06, 0.11, 0.01 gm., respectively.3The influence of nutritive state and physiological conditions other than gravidity upon maternal storage of elements in pregnancy is illustrated by the conspicuous differences in total accumulation of nitrogen and calcium by two women of contrasting nutritional and physiological background studied in this laboratory. The total nitrogen and calcium acquired during the same interval of time was 86.05 gm. as contrasted with 196.25 gm. and contrariwise, 46.29 gm. vs. 24.7 gm. for the women with unsatisfactory and satisfactory nutritional histories, respectively.4Uninterrupted metabolic balance studies reveal significant variations among individuals under similar circumstances. The results point to the fact that in practice, maternal nutritive state and physiological constitution are important and should be considered when interpreting dietary requirements for pregnancy.

Published
1937
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Disappearance of Cellulose and Hemicellulose from the Digestive Tracts of Children

Author

Hummel, Frances Cope, Shepherd, Marion L., and Macy, Icie G.

Abstract

Eighteen children, ages 4 to 12 years, were observed for from 30 to 225 successive days, during which they consumed uniform diets of known nutritive quality. With an average daily intake per child of 4 to 6 gm. of cellulose plus hemicellulose (138 to 248 mg. per kilogram of body weight) there was satisfactory bowel elimination and all children enjoyed buoyant health throughout the studies.

Published
1943
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Effects of Simple Dietary Alterations upon Retention of Positive and Negative Minerals by Children

Author

Macy, Icie G., Hummel, Frances Cope, Hunscher, Helen A., Shepherd, Marion L., Souders, Helen J., Olson, Mary Bates, Bonner, Priscilla, Horton, James, Emerson, Louise, and Johnston, A. Theresa

Abstract

1Nine children, 5 to 8 years of age (four girls and five boys), who, through intensive physiologic and medical observations, were known to be in favorable nutritive condition, were the subjects of metabolic study during pre-experimental and experimental periods ranging from 20 to 55 consecutive days for each child, a total of 640 days.2Chemical analyses demonstrate that a conservative substitution of such foods as apple, banana, and cereal in an otherwise constant daily mixed diet on the basis of either the total mineral ash value, the total positive minerals, the total negative minerals, or even doubling the alkaline-ash values, cannot be effected without changing the proportions of other equally important dietary components such as calories, nitrogen, fat, and the proportions of the inorganic elements within the positive or negative mineral groups, any one of which might change the trend of metabolism and subsequent retentions.3One hundred grams of banana (one medium sized) was more effective than the same amount of apple or 30 gm. cereal in stimulating the rate of growth as judged by increases in the individuals’ height and weight, and retentions on a unit weight basis of grams nitrogen and milliequivalents of total mineral ions. This growth performance was accomplished in spite of the maintenance on a unit weight basis of approximately a constant daily intake of total positive and negative minerals during both the high and low banana periods, and an alkaline-ash value for the intakes almost doubled during the experimental period. In some subjects the type of growth stimulated was toward an equal development of bony and soft tissues; in others the trend was stronger toward soft tissue (increased storage of nitrogen with either an increased retention of anions or a reduction in retention of cations); and in others greater skeletal formation was initiated (increased storage of cations).4Since the dietary changes did not significantly alter the total mineral intakes, these results verify Shohl’s (’39) thesis that “…. individual elements, or rather, certain groups of elements, perform separate functions in the body economy, and are therefore more important than the total.”

Published
1940
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. The Basal Metabolism in Pregnancy

Author

Johnston, Joseph A., Hunscher, Helen A., Hummel, Frances Cope, Bates, Mary F., Bonner, Priscilla, and Macy, Icie G.

Abstract

Data are recorded on the basal metabolism of a young primipara whose mineral balance was determined concurrently. They are interpreted as favoring the view that the changes, while to a large extent understandable as a result of the formation of a new protoplasmic mass, as evidenced by the parallelism between the cumulative nitrogen and sulfur balances and the basal heat production, are at the same time under a hormonal influence contributing to this same synthesis.

Published
1938
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Metabolism of Women During the Reproductive Cycle

Author

Hunscher, Helen A., Hummell, Frances Cope, Erickson, Betty Nims, and Macy, Icie G.

Abstract

A case study extending over an 8-year period of child-bearing and child-rearing has been made on a woman when she and her children were known to enjoy buoyant health.

Published
1935
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. EFFECT OF IRRADIATED MILKS ON STORAGE OF NITROGEN AND ACID-BASE MINERALS IN CHILDREN

Author

Helen J. Souders, Icie G. Macy, Marion L. Shepherd, Priscilla Bonner, A. Theresa Johnston, Helen A. Hunscher, Mary F. Bates, Louise Emerson, Frances Cope Hummel, and James Horton

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, food.ingredient, Evaporated milk, business.industry, Vitamin b complex, Irradiated milk, Surgery, Regimen, food, Animal science, Fluid milk, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, business
Abstract

In the investigation reported here observations were made on the mineral storage of 8 well children 5 to 8 years of age during test periods of twenty to sixty days under closely controlled conditions of diet and environment. Each child studied received first nonirradiated milk and later irradiated milk of the same kind and quantity. Three of the children were given fluid milk, 3 were given evaporated milk and 2 were given a combination of the two kinds. METHODS One of the greatest burdens in a continuous study with such a rigid regimen is the maintenance of the morale of the subjects. The Methodist Children's Village afforded ideal facilities for metabolic observations. At the village 8 to 10 children live together in a home unit with a house mother; this arrangement kept the study group together without disrupting the routine of the happy, healthy children. The experimental subjects went to

Published
1939
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. EFFECT OF VARIED BANANA INTAKE ON NITROGEN AND MINERAL BALANCES OF NORMAL CHILDREN

Author

Helen J. Souders, Mary Bates Olson, Helen A. Hunscher, Louise Emerson, A. Theresa Johnston, Priscilla Bonner, James Horton, Icie G. Macy, Marion L. Shepherd, and Frances Cope Hummel

Subjects
Animal science, business.industry, Statistical significance, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Normal children, Medicine, Digestive tract, business, Body weight, Ascorbic acid
Abstract

The nutritive advantage of supplementary banana in the diets of children has been demonstrated. Roberts and her co-workers 1 have shown that in an institution 123 boys whose diet was supplemented with two or three bananas daily over a nine month period made a slightly greater mean gain in weight and height than a control group; they also showed slightly greater progress in ossification of the bones of the wrist and greater mean gains in measurements of arm girth, subcutaneous tissue and weight (Franzen measurements) and also in the scores for these items. These authors emphasized that the differences did not in most cases attain statistical significance, but because the investigation was made on matched groups and the results were consistent in direction they expressed the belief that the differences were real ones attributable to the supplement. The nutritive advantage of the banana has been attributed to its excess alkaline-ash

Published
1940
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. MINERAL METABOLISM

Author

Thomas B. Cooley, Grover C. Penberthy, Helen A. Hunscher, Icie G. Macy, Frances Cope, and Lillian Armstrong

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, General surgery, General Medicine, Scoliosis, medicine.disease, Surgery, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Orthopedic surgery, medicine, Mineral metabolism, Girl, Family history, business, Frequent fractures, media_common
Abstract

The patients on whom these studies were made were admitted to the Children's Hospital at about the same time, and as they presented difficult but not uncommon clinical problems, it was decided to make as complete an investigation as possible of their mineral metabolism. The study did not bring out anything of definite assistance in the handling of the cases, but gave some interesting observations. These are reported in detail, because complete studies on the mineral metabolism of children are rare, and it seems desirable to have them on record. REPORT OF CASES Case1.—Osteopsathyrosis.1 History.—M. F., a girl of 11 years, was admitted for study in November 1931, because of frequent fractures from slight cause and marked increasing scoliosis, for which she was receiving orthopedic treatment from one of the members of the staff. The family history was irrelevant, and there had been nothing of note

Published
1935
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. VALUE OF COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES IN DIETS OF NORMAL CHILDREN

Author

Marion L. Shepherd, Icie G. Macy, and Frances Cope Hummel

Subjects
Adult male, business.industry, Stomach, Physiology, Allowance (money), Body weight, Alimentary tracts, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Normal children, medicine, Mineral metabolism, business, Feces
Abstract

The function of fiber in the nutrition of human beings is little understood. It is alleged that in order to maintain good tone and function of the stomach and intestines and to stimulate satisfactory peristaltic action, the daily food allowance should include some "roughage" or bulk. 1 Most of the experiments recorded in the literature have been performed on a limited number of adult male subjects, usually for periods of one to fourteen days, and there is a dearth of controlled data on children,2 although it is important that the desirable level of intake of roughage for the maintenance of gastrointestinal hygiene be established for them. In connection with a study of the nitrogen and mineral metabolism of normal children, 3 analyses of the food and feces for the complex carbohydrates were undertaken to ascertain the amounts which were not digested in their alimentary tracts. The investigations were made under

Published
1943
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results