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This mini review delves into the critical need to effectively eliminate nitrates, nitrites, phosphates, and ammonium from wastewater to mitigate environmental pollution and uphold water quality standards. Stemming from various human activities like agricultural runoff, industrial processes, and municipal discharges, these pollutants pose significant risks to both aquatic ecosystems and human health if left unaddressed. The study primarily focuses on the efficacy of coagulation-flocculation as a treatment method, which involves the addition of chemicals known as coagulants to destabilize the pollutants. The review further examines the influence of various parameters such as pH, coagulant dosage, and temperature on the simultaneous removal of these contaminants [1,2]. Through detailed analysis, it elucidates the complex interactions among these factors and their consequential impact on overall removal efficiency. Moreover, it underscores the significance of adopting advanced treatment methods like coagulation-flocculation. Additionally, it emphasizes the ongoing need for further research and optimization to address the evolving challenges of wastewater pollution and water resource management comprehensively. By providing insights into optimizing coagulation-flocculation processes, this review underscores the importance of tailored treatment strategies for comprehensive pollutant removal.

Amoxicillin’s prevalence in aquatic environments, stemming from widespread medical usage, serves as a significant indicator of pharmaceutical contamination. Adsorption stands out as the preferred method for addressing this issue due to its simplicity, efficacy, practicality, and cost-effectiveness. This systematic review delves into peer-reviewed literature on amoxicillin removal through adsorption, drawing from databases like ScienceDirect and Scopus. Researchers have investigated adsorption equilibrium under varied conditions, exploring parameters such as pH, temperature, and adsorbent dosage. The diverse range of observed elimination levels underscores the critical importance of careful adsorbent selection, with capacities spanning from 10 to 1500 mg/g. Pseudo-second-order kinetic models and the Langmuir isotherm model frequently offer suitable descriptions of experimental data. Future research avenues could explore alternative kinetic models to deepen our understanding of amoxicillin adsorption mechanisms and foster the development of innovative adsorbents.