Search

This study contains a mathematical model for river pollution and its remediation for an unsteady state and investigates the effect of aeration on the degradation of pollutants. The governing equation is a pair of nonlinear time-fractional two-dimensional advection-diffusion equations for pollutant and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. The coupling of these equations arises due to the chemical interactions between oxygen and pollutants, forming harmless chemicals. The Fractional Reduced Differential Transform Method (FRDTM) is applied to provide approximate solutions for the given model. Also, the convergence of solutions is checked for efficacy and accuracy. The effect of longitudinal and transverse diffusion coefficients of pollutant and DO on the concentration of pollutant and DO is analyzed numerically and graphically. Also, we checked the effect of change in the river's longitudinal and transverse seepage velocity on pollutant and DO concentration numerically and graphically. We analyzed the comparison of change in the value of half-saturated oxygen demand concentration for pollutant decay on pollutant and DO concentration numerically and graphically. Also, numerical and graphical analysis examined the effect of fractional parameters on pollution levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fractional reduced differential transform method is a finite iterative method based on infinite fractional expansions. The obtained result is the approximation of the real value. Currently, there are few reports on the approximate error and applicable condition. In this paper, we study the factors related to the approximate errors according to the fractional expansions. Our research shows that the approximate errors relate not only to fractional order but also to time t, and that they increase rapidly with time t. This method can only be applied within a certain time range, and the time range is relevant to fractional order and fractional expansions. We can ascertain this time range according to the absolute error and the relative error. Many obtained achievements may be incorrect if the applicable conditions are not satisfied. Some examples presented in this paper verify our analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Lotka–Volterra model arising in biology for simulating interactions between two species is considered in the paper with fractional order derivatives in Caputo sense. Two cases of the model are solved numerically using fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM). In both the cases, the predator and prey populations are computed for different fractional orders, over a range of time and absolute errors are studied for integer order. The results are presented in the form of tables and graphs depicting accuracy of the FRDTM and its agreement with the model’s dynamics.

This study contains a mathematical model for river pollution and its remediation for an unsteady state and investigates the effect of aeration on the degradation of pollutants. The governing equation is a pair of nonlinear time-fractional two-dimensional advection-diffusion equations for pollutant and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. The coupling of these equations arises due to the chemical interactions between oxygen and pollutants, forming harmless chemicals. The Fractional Reduced Differential Transform Method (FRDTM) is applied to provide approximate solutions for the given model. Also, the convergence of solutions is checked for efficacy and accuracy. The effect of longitudinal and transverse diffusion coefficients of pollutant and DO on the concentration of pollutant and DO is analyzed numerically and graphically. Also, we checked the effect of change in the river’s longitudinal and transverse seepage velocity on pollutant and DO concentration numerically and graphically. We analyzed the comparison of change in the value of half-saturated oxygen demand concentration for pollutant decay on pollutant and DO concentration numerically and graphically. Also, numerical and graphical analysis examined the effect of fractional parameters on pollution levels.

In this article, we examine the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation, a nonlinear model that modifies a variety of physical and chemical scenarios. The main goal of this article is to find the analytical solution to the fuzzy fractional Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equations (FFKSEs). We employ the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) for dealing with the fractional Caputo operator. By using three examples, we tested the developed technique. The upper and lower parts of the fuzzy solutions for all three challenges were obtained using two different fractional-order simulations between 0 and 1. The attained series-type result was identified in the current investigation. The results show that the suggested strategy leads to accurate solutions at the integer level. The outcomes of applying the suggested methodology demonstrate the effectiveness and simplicity of our approach for analysing the behaviour of nonlinear models used in science and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under uncertainty, the analytical behaviour of fractional partial differential equations is frequently puzzling and challenging to predict. Therefore, in order to address these problems, it is essential to create a proper, extensive, and highly effective theory. The theory of fuzzy fractional partial differential equations is a relatively new idea with applications in applied mathematics and engineering. In this article, we examined the different types of fuzzy fractional-order Korteweg-de-Vries (KdV) equations along with their analytical fuzzy solutions. To construct a series-type solution under a fuzzy notion for the relevant research, we utilise the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) in the Caputo sense. The solutions of various kinds of fuzzy fractional KdV equations that have been developed are more broadly applicable. The fuzzy concept is used to overrule the uncertainty in physical models based on the parametric form of the fuzzy number. The numerical and graphical presentation demonstrates the symmetry between the lower and upper cut representations of the fuzzy solutions and may be helpful in improving understanding of automatic control models, measure theory, physics, biology, computer science, quantum optics, economics, artificial intelligence, and other domains, as well as non-financial analysis.

The fractional reduced differential transform method is a finite iterative method based on infinite fractional expansions. The obtained result is the approximation of the real value. Currently, there are few reports on the approximate error and applicable condition. In this paper, we study the factors related to the approximate errors according to the fractional expansions. Our research shows that the approximate errors relate not only to fractional order but also to time t, and that they increase rapidly with time t. This method can only be applied within a certain time range, and the time range is relevant to fractional order and fractional expansions. We can ascertain this time range according to the absolute error and the relative error. Many obtained achievements may be incorrect if the applicable conditions are not satisfied. Some examples presented in this paper verify our analysis.

Under uncertainty, the analytical behaviour of fractional partial differential equations is frequently puzzling and challenging to predict. Therefore, in order to address these problems, it is essential to create a proper, extensive, and highly effective theory. The theory of fuzzy fractional partial differential equations is a relatively new idea with applications in applied mathematics and engineering. In this article, we examined the different types of fuzzy fractional-order Korteweg-de-Vries (KdV) equations along with their analytical fuzzy solutions. To construct a series-type solution under a fuzzy notion for the relevant research, we utilise the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) in the Caputo sense. The solutions of various kinds of fuzzy fractional KdV equations that have been developed are more broadly applicable. The fuzzy concept is used to overrule the uncertainty in physical models based on the parametric form of the fuzzy number. The numerical and graphical presentation demonstrates the symmetry between the lower and upper cut representations of the fuzzy solutions and may be helpful in improving understanding of automatic control models, measure theory, physics, biology, computer science, quantum optics, economics, artificial intelligence, and other domains, as well as non-financial analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we suggest a new method for solving linear multi-term time-fractional wave-diffusion equations, which is named the modified fractional reduced differential transform method (m-FRDTM). The importance of this technique is that it suggests a solution for a multi-term time-fractional equation. Very few techniques have been proposed to solve this type of equation, as will be shown in this paper. To show the effectiveness and efficiency of this proposed method, we introduce two different applications in two-term fractional differential equations. The three-dimensional and two-dimensional plots for different values of the fractional derivative are depicted to compare our results with the exact solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we suggest a new method for solving linear multi-term time-fractional wave-diffusion equations, which is named the modified fractional reduced differential transform method (m-FRDTM). The importance of this technique is that it suggests a solution for a multi-term time-fractional equation. Very few techniques have been proposed to solve this type of equation, as will be shown in this paper. To show the effectiveness and efficiency of this proposed method, we introduce two different applications in two-term fractional differential equations. The three-dimensional and two-dimensional plots for different values of the fractional derivative are depicted to compare our results with the exact solutions.

Mathematical model introduced by Black and Scholes express financial derivatives more significantly. This model with fractional derivatives resulting in fractional Black-Scholes (B-S) equation express financial problems in a better way. In this paper, we introduce the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) to solve the time-space fractional Black-Scholes equation executing European options. This method is a modified version of the original differential transform method (DTM). This method proves to be valid for solving time-space Black-Scholes equation as it reduces the computational work to a greater extent. Moreover, this method helps in finding the solution without linearization or discretization. The efficiency of the method is tested by solving certain examples. The proposed mathematical representation can be useful to understand and solve time-space fractional differential equations arising in financial mathematics and other related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) is operated to solve time fractional Black-Scholes American option pricing equation paying no dividends.The Black-Scholes model plays a significant role in the evaluation of European or American call and put options. The advantage of the proposed method to other existing methods is that it finds the solution without discretization or transformation. While using this method, no recommended assumptions are needed and hence the computational work reduces to a greater extent. Numerical experiments prove that the proposed method is efficient and valid for obtaining the solution of time fractional Black-Scholes equation governing American options. This method proves to be powerful for solving general fractional order partial differential equations (PDEs) existing in the field of Science, Engineering and other related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonlinear phenomena play an essential role in various field of natural sciences and engineering. In particular, the nonlinear chemical reactions are observed in various domains, as, for instance, in biological and chemical physics. For this reason, it is important to investigate the solution to this nonlinear phenomenon. This article investigates numerical solutions to a nonlinear oscillatory system called the Belousov–Zhabotinsky with Caputo fractional-time derivative. The simplified Noyes–Field fractional model reads D t μ p = ξ 1 p xx + β δ w + p - p 2 - δ pw , 0 < μ ≤ 1 , D t μ w = ξ 2 w xx + γ w - λ pw , where ξ 1 and ξ 2 are the diffusing constants for the concentration p and w respectively, γ and β are given constants, λ ≠ 1 and δ are positive parameters. The two iterative techniques used in this work are the fractional reduced differential transform method and q-homotopy analysis transform method. The outcomes using these two methods reveal an efficient numerical solution with high accuracy and minimal computations. Furthermore, to better understand the effect of the fractional order, we present the solution profiles which demonstrate the behavior of the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, exact and approximate solutions of higher-dimensional time-fractional diffusion equations were obtained using a relatively new method, the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM). The exact solutions can be found with the benefit of a special function, and we applied Caputo fractional derivatives in this method. The numerical results and graphical representations specified that the proposed method is very effective for solving fractional diffusion equations in higher dimensions.

Abstract We propose a new method called the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) to solve nonlinear fractional partial differential equations such as the space-time fractional Burgers equations and the time-fractional Cahn-Allen equation. The solutions are given in the form of series with easily computable terms. Numerical solutions are calculated for the fractional Burgers and Cahn-Allen equations to show the nature of solutions as the fractional derivative parameter is changed. The results prove that the proposed method is very effective and simple for obtaining approximate solutions of nonlinear fractional partial differential equations.

In this paper, we propose a semi numerical-analytical method, called Fractional Reduced Differential Transform Method (FRDTM), for finding exact and approximate solutions of fractional Helmholtz equation with appropriate initial conditions. The fractional derivatives are demonstrated in the Caputo sense. The solutions are given in the form of series with easily computable terms, then with the help of Mittag-Leffler function, we find the exact solutions of the fractional Helmholtz equations. Three examples are given to demonstrate the applicability of FRDTM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an approximate analytical solution of the time fractional gas dynamics equation arising in the shock fronts, is obtained using a recent semi-analytical method referred as fractional reduced differential transform method. The fractional derivatives are considered in the Caputo sense. To validate the efficiency and reliability of the method, four numerical examples of the linear and nonlinear gas dynamics equations are considered. Computed results are compared with results available in the literature. It is found that obtained results agree excellently with DTM, and FHATM. The solutions behavior and its effects for different values of the fractional order are shown graphically. The main advantage of the method is easiness to implement and requires small size of computation. Hence, it is a very effective and efficient semi-analytical method for solving the fractional order gas dynamics equation.

This paper presents numerical solutions of the linear and nonlinear Fokker–Planck partial differential equations [FPPDEs] with space and time fractional derivatives through analytical solutions. These are treated by two analytical methods, namely, fractional reduced differential transform method [FRDTM] and fractional variational iteration method [FVIM] followed by some examples. Numerical results obtained by both FRDTM and FVIM are compared with some existing methods in the literature. This comparison shows the supremacy of FRDTM over FVIM and existing methods in terms of accuracy, simplicity and reliability.

In this article, we study an approximate analytical solution of linear and nonlinear time-fractional order Klein–Gordon equations by using a recently developed semi analytical method referred as fractional reduced differential transform method with appropriate initial condition. In the study of fractional Klein–Gordon equation, fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The validity and efficiency of the aforesaid method are illustrated by considering three computational examples. The solution profile behavior and effects of different fraction Brownian motion on solution profile of the three numerical examples are shown graphically.

In this study, a relatively new method to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) called the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) is used. The implementation of the method is based on an iterative scheme in series form. We test the proposed method to solve nonlinear fractional Burgers equations in one, two coupled, and three dimensions. To show the efficiency and accuracy of this method, we compare the results with the exact solutions, as well as some established methods. Approximate solutions for different values of fractional derivatives together with exact solutions and absolute errors are represented graphically in two and three dimensions. From all numerical results, we can conclude the efficiency of the proposed method for solving different types of nonlinear fractional partial differential equations over existing methods.

We propose a new method called the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) to solve nonlinear fractional partial differential equations such as the space-time fractional Burgers equations and the time-fractional Cahn-Allen equation. The solutions are given in the form of series with easily computable terms. Numerical solutions are calculated for the fractional Burgers and Cahn-Allen equations to show the nature of solutions as the fractional derivative parameter is changed. The results prove that the proposed method is very effective and simple for obtaining approximate solutions of nonlinear fractional partial differential equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an alternative numerical computation of a system of linear and nonlinear fractional partial differential equations obtained by employing fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM), where Caputo type fractional derivative is taken. The effectiveness and convergence of FRDTM is tested by means of four problems, which indicate the validity and great potential of the FRDTM for solving system of fractional partial differential equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an approximate analytical solution of the time fractional gas dynamics equation arising in the shock fronts, is obtained using a recent semi-analytical method referred as fractional reduced differential transform method. The fractional derivatives are considered in the Caputo sense. To validate the efficiency and reliability of the method, four numerical examples of the linear and nonlinear gas dynamics equations are considered. Computed results are compared with results available in the literature. It is found that obtained results agree excellently with DTM, and FHATM. The solutions behavior and its effects for different values of the fractional order are shown graphically. The main advantage of the method is easiness to implement and requires small size of computation. Hence, it is a very effective and efficient semi-analytical method for solving the fractional order gas dynamics equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents numerical solutions of the linear and nonlinear Fokker–Planck partial differential equations [FPPDEs] with space and time fractional derivatives through analytical solutions. These are treated by two analytical methods, namely, fractional reduced differential transform method [FRDTM] and fractional variational iteration method [FVIM] followed by some examples. Numerical results obtained by both FRDTM and FVIM are compared with some existing methods in the literature. This comparison shows the supremacy of FRDTM over FVIM and existing methods in terms of accuracy, simplicity and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we study an approximate analytical solution of linear and nonlinear time-fractional order Klein–Gordon equations by using a recently developed semi analytical method referred as fractional reduced differential transform method with appropriate initial condition. In the study of fractional Klein–Gordon equation, fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The validity and efficiency of the aforesaid method are illustrated by considering three computational examples. The solution profile behavior and effects of different fraction Brownian motion on solution profile of the three numerical examples are shown graphically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, exact and approximate solutions of higher-dimensional time-fractional diffusion equations were obtained using a relatively new method, the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM). The exact solutions can be found with the benefit of a special function, and we applied Caputo fractional derivatives in this method. The numerical results and graphical representations specified that the proposed method is very effective for solving fractional diffusion equations in higher dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) is developed to derive a semi- analytical solution of fractional partial differential equations which involves Riesz space fractional derivatives. We focus primarily on implementing the novel algorithm of FRDTMto Riesz space -fractional telegraph equation while the telegraph equation has fractional order. Some theorems with their proofs which are used for calculating differential transform of Riesz derivative operator are presented, as well as the convergence condition and the error bound of the proposed method are established. To illustrate the reliability and capability of the method, some examples are provided. The results reveal that the algorithm is very effective and uncomplicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a relatively new method to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) called the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) is used. The implementation of the method is based on an iterative scheme in series form. We test the proposed method to solve nonlinear fractional Burgers equations in one, two coupled, and three dimensions. To show the efficiency and accuracy of this method, we compare the results with the exact solutions, as well as some established methods. Approximate solutions for different values of fractional derivatives together with exact solutions and absolute errors are represented graphically in two and three dimensions. From all numerical results, we can conclude the efficiency of the proposed method for solving different types of nonlinear fractional partial differential equations over existing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]