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In the field of tissue engineering, many groups have come to rely on the extracellular matrix produced by cells as the scaffold that provides structure and strength to the engineered tissue. We have previously shown that sheets of Cell-Assembled extracellular Matrix (CAM), which are entirely biological yet robust, can be mass-produced for clinical applications using normal, adult, human fibroblasts. In this article, we demonstrate that CAM yarns can be generated with a range of physical and mechanical properties. We show that this material can be used as a simple suture to close a wound or can be assembled into fully biological, human, tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) that have high mechanical strength and are implantable. By combining this truly "bio" material with a textile-based assembly, this original tissue engineering approach is highly versatile and can produce a variety of strong human textiles that can be readily integrated in the body. Yarn of synthetic biomaterials have been turned into textiles for decades because braiding, knitting and weaving machines can mass-produce medical devices with a wide range of shapes and mechanical properties. Here, we show that robust, completely biological, and human yarn can be produced by normal cells in vitro. This yarn can be used as a simple suture material or to produce the first human textiles. For example, we produced a woven tissue-engineered vascular grafts with burst pressure, suture retention strength and transmural permeability that surpassed clinical requirements. This novel strategy holds the promise of a next generation of medical textiles that will be mechanically strong without any foreign scaffolding, and will have the ability to truly integrate into the host's body. Image, graphical abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After World War II, twenty-nine coastal Salinas (122 km2), located in the vicinity of coastal lagoons and in deltas, were exploited along the Mediterranean coastlines in South France. Today, only five of these are still actively producing salt, currently representing 175 km2. Concomitant with the abandonment of many of the smaller Salinas, the larger Salinas in the Rhône delta (Camargue) strongly increased their surfaces at the expense of natural ecosystems, of which a part has also been abandoned after 2009. This paper documents these changes in landscape use by chronological GIS mapping and describes the fate of the 91 km2 of abandoned Salina surfaces. The majority of this area (88 km2) is included in the Natura 2000 network, among which most (74 km2) has been acquired by the French coastal protection agency (Conservatoire du Littoral) to be designated as Protected Areas. Only a very minor part (<1%) has been lost for industry and harbour development. Managing abandoned Salinas as Protected Areas is a challenge, because of the different landscape, biodiversity conservation, natural and cultural heritages issues at stake. In two cases, abandoned Salinas have been brought back again into exploitation by private initiative thus allowing for the protection of original hypersaline biodiversity. In other cases, the shaping of the landscape by natural processes has been privileged. This has facilitated the spontaneous recreation of temporal Mediterranean wetlands with unique aquatic vegetation, and offered opportunities for managed coastal re-alignment and the restoration of hydrobiological exchanges between land and sea. In other areas, former salt ponds continue to be filled artificially by pumping favouring opportunities for waterfowl. This has often been combined with the creation of artificial islets to provide nesting ground for bird colonies protected from terrestrial predators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on toponymy in geographical confines through the example of the coastlines of the Chilean Patagonia and the Messier channel. It allows us to ask about the process that led to name this place in addressing at the same time their topogenesis, as the history of discovery, and the construction of the place and their onomastics as etymologies of the name, its evolution and subsequent uses. It is commonly accepted today that the channel is named in homage to the famous French astronomer Charles Messier. This article shows that the name has undergone various modifications during its appearances on different cartographic supports between the seventeenth and nineteenth century and would be originally from the Spanish term "Merced", which means "Grace". This demonstration shows the avatars which may affect the neotoponymy in these places.

An emerging strategy to improve adhesiveness of biomaterials in wet conditions takes inspiration from the adhesive features of marine mussel, which reside in the chemical reactivity of catechols. In this work, a catechol-bearing molecule (dopamine) was chemically grafted onto alginate to develop a polysaccharide-based membrane with improved adhesive properties. The dopamine-modified alginates were characterized by NMR, UV spectroscopy and in vitro biocompatibility. Mechanical tests and in vitro adhesion studies pointed out the effects of the grafted dopamine within the membranes. The release of HA from these resorbable membranes was shown to stimulate fibroblasts activities ( in vitro ). Finally, a preliminary in vivo test was performed to evaluate the adhesiveness of the membrane on porcine intestine (serosa). Overall, this functionalized membrane was shown to be biocompatible and to possess considerable adhesive properties owing to the presence of dopamine residues grafted on the alginate backbone. Statement of Significance This article describes the development of a mussels-inspired strategy for the development of an adhesive polysaccharide-based membrane for wound healing applications. Bioadhesion was achieved by grafting dopamine moieties on the structural component on the membrane (alginate): this novel biomaterial showed improved adhesiveness to the intestinal tissue, which was demonstrated by both in vitro and in vivo studies. Overall, this study points out how this nature-inspired strategy may be successfully exploited for the development of novel engineered biomaterials with enhanced bioadhesion, thus opening for novel applications in the field of general surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer classification considers Sézary syndrome (SS) among the aggressive epidermotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (ECTLs). Recent technological advances have facilitated the diagnosis of this disease, but it remains practically incurable, with a median survival of about 2·5–5 years. Deaths are due in part to the iatrogenic effects of treatments, which suggests that the management of SS could be improved. Retrospectively to study the prognostic criteria related to disease progression. Thirty patients with SS were followed up in the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital in Nantes, France, between January 1989 and May 2000. The diagnosis of SS was based on at least three of the following criteria: erythroderma, histological evidence of ECTL, a level of 20% or more circulating Sézary cells, and loss of My7 antigen expression by basal cells of the epidermis. Two patients not seen again after the initial diagnosis were excluded from the statistical study. The median disease-specific survival of the 28 patients was 64·55 ± 10·11 months. The prognostic factors found in univariate analysis were age at diagnosis ( P = 0·0109), interval before diagnosis ( P = 0·0566), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level ( P = 0·042) and presence of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) genome (BHLF in in situ hybridization) in skin ( P = 0·0079). The prognostic factors found in multivariate analysis were age, interval before diagnosis and presence of the EBV genome in keratinocytes. A decreased number of Langerhans cells in the epidermis did not appear to be a prognostic factor. Our study confirms the prognostic value of age and LDH level, and for the first time demonstrates the prognostic value of the identification of the EBV genome in the skin. This seems consistent with a marked immune deficit during severe forms of SS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of our study was to identify and evaluate the complications related to hyaluronic acid during the COVID-19 pandemic., Method: Twelve dermatologists participated in this study. A cohort and a non-cohort follow-up were ensured., Results: (1) Cohort follow-up: 1041 patients. 8% had a COVID-19 infection, 27% had received COVID-19 vaccination. 2% had immediate side effects (edema, erythema, bruising). 0.5% had delayed side effects (two inflammatory nodules, one nodule without inflammation, one edema). None of these side effects occurred in the context of infection or COVID-19 vaccinations. (2) Non-cohort follow-up: 7900 syringes used. Two early side effects (inflammatory edema) were reported, of which one occurred 15 days after vaccination. Two cases of delayed side effects such as inflammation on the injected area and inflammatory nodules occurred of which one was in the context of vaccination and one during COVID-19 infection. We estimate the frequency of complications possibly attributable to the disease or to the COVID vaccination to be 0.06% in our population., Discussion: Complications of HA injections in the context of COVID-19 disease or vaccination appear to be very rare but the frequency could be underestimated because of the low rate of vaccination/infection in our population. Our study shows a very good tolerance of hyaluronic acid injections during the COVID-19 pandemic., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Objective: To define the clinical features, imaging results, histopathologic patterns, and clinical outcomes seen in patients who develop vulval swelling as a result of intensive cycling., Methods: The case notes of 8 female cyclists were retrospectively reviewed., Results: The mean age of the patients was 45 years, and all were cycling long distances each week (range, 125-450 km; median, 210 km). All patients had a unilateral swelling of the labium majus. Five patients had magnetic resonance imaging showing asymmetry of the vulva with no enhanced signaling associated with inflammation. Histologic examination in 3 cases revealed dermal fibrosis and dermal edema associated with dilatation of lymphatic vessels. In 1 case, a perifollicular inflammatory infiltrate containing epithelioid granulomas was seen but Crohn's disease was excluded. In another case, fibromuscular hyperplasia was seen. Six patients had surgical excision of the swollen area, and 4 patients were able to resume cycling without problems up to 5 years of follow-up. The cosmetic appearance was initially considered satisfactory by 5 patients. However, 2 patients required a second surgical procedure to further improve the cosmetic appearance. In 1 case, there was a postoperative hematoma followed by an immediate recurrence of the swelling, which persisted., Conclusions: Unilateral swelling of the labium majus occurring in cyclists can be related to dermal fibroedema associated with lymphatic dilatation or to an increase in adipose tissue. Surgical results were satisfactory in 5 of the 6 patients who underwent excision.

Tetracyclines and macrolide antibiotics have been in use for acne treatment for more than 20 years. Since 1992 increasing resistance to these antibiotics, and especially to erythromycin, is reported with Propionibacterium acnes. Zinc salts have demonstrated their efficacy in inflammatory acne treatment as well as their bacteriostatic activity against Propionibacterium acnes. The objective of our work was firstly to determine whether the clinical anti-inflammatory efficacy of zinc salts was altered in the presence of erythromycin resistant strains in vivo, and secondly to study the in vitro and in vivo effect of zinc on the sensitivity of Propionibacterium acnes strains to erythromycin. Thirty patients with inflammatory acne were treated by zinc gluconate with a daily dose of 30 mg for two months and bacteriologic samples were taken at D0, D30 and D60. In vivo, this study displayed a reduction in the number of inflammatory lesions after a 2-month treatment whether or not Propionibacterium acnes carriage was present. Concurrently, in vitro addition of zinc salts in the culture media of Propionibacterium acnes reduced resistance of Propionibacterium acnes strains to erythromycin. Thus, association of zinc salts via a systemic route and topical erythromycin treatment seems an interesting option in the light of an increasing number of patients carrying erythromycin resistant Propionibacterium acnes strains.

Introduction: Celecoxib (Celebrex) is a Cox 2 selective non steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Adverse reactions reported are usually benign, such as maculopapular exanthema. However, recently severe toxiderma have started to appear. We report two patients who developed a sever celecoxib drug skin reaction., Observations: Case no 1. In a 73 year-old woman, treated with celecoxib for cervical arthralgia, a maculopapular exanthema five days after treatment was started. The exanthema, initially edematous and purpural became bullous with multi-visceral failure (disseminated intravascular coagulation, renal failure, hepatitis and pancreatic). The disease slowly regressed. Case no 2. A 72 year-old man, treated for cervicalgia with celecoxib, presented a pustular exanthema of the face and the trunk, ten days after introduction of the treatment, associated with an inflammatory syndrome and hepatic cytolysis. Within 8 days the disease had regressed. In both these patients, the celecoxib patch tests were positive., Discussion: Until now, the side effects reported with celecoxib have been generally benign exanthemas. We report two cases of severe celecoxib-induced toxiderma: a hypersensitivity syndrome with multi-organ failure and an acute generalized atypical exanthematous pustulosis. These severe toxidermas have rarely been reported in the literature, but we now need to reassess the risks with these new molecules.

Background: Behçet's disease can be aggravated by chronic infection. Our case illustrates how the disease can be disclosed during an acute activation of a chronic infectious focus., Case Report: A 40-year-old man had Behçet's syndrome associating fever, bipolar aphtosis, cutaneous pseudo folliculitis, anterior uveitis, and meningitis following an acute episode of a dental infection, with periapical granuloma. Antibiotic therapy was ineffective in calming this first flare-up of Behçet's disease. Corticosteroid and colchicine therapy were effective., Discussion: Clinical and experimental work would implicat buccal streptococcal flora in the pathogenesis of Behçet's disease. Antibiotics offer interesting perspectives but further studies are needed to define their role in the treatment of Behçet's disease.

Introduction: Trichothiodystrophy is an autosomal recessive genodermatosis associating congenital dysplasia of the hair and neuroectodermal defects. Clinical expression is variable, although abnormalities are generally noted from birth. We report trichothiodystrophy in two brothers with the same phenotype who presented unusual progressive manifestations., Observations: Case 1: A six-year-old boy was seen for vesicular blisters due to photosensitization. Clinical examination showed dry, brittle, unmanageable hair, discrete koilonychia-type nail defects and an ichthyosiform state. The teeth were normal. In addition to psychomotor retardation, the patient presented a dysmorphic syndrome (poorly rimmed low-set ears; thick, triangular upper lip; scaphocephalic skull; short hands) and congenital bilateral cataract. The diagnosis of trichothiodystrophy was confirmed by a study of DNA repair after exposure to ultraviolet light. A repair defect was found similar to that in xeroderma pigmentosum group D. The patient experienced a worsening of psychomotor retardation and episodes of hair loss with edema and inflammation of the scalp resulting from infections. He also showed marked asthenia which resolved spontaneously within a few months. Case 2: The other brother, born as a collodion baby, presented the same clinical picture (cutaneous, exoskeletal, dysmorphic), including congenital bilateral cataract, photosensitivity and a parenchymatous blister-type pulmonary lesion probably secondary to bronchiectasis. The patient's cutaneous state progressively improved. He was seen at six years of age for an episode of inflammatory edema of the scalp with hair loss. Within six months, all of the hair redrew. The diagnosis of trichothiodystrophy was confirmed by a DNA repair defect after exposure to ultraviolet light., Discussion: Trichothiodystrophy is clinically associated with photosensitivity (P), ichthyosis (I), dry, brittle hair (B), intellectual impairment (I), decreased fertility (D) and short stature (S), which accounts for the acronym PIBIDS or IBIDS syndrome, depending on whether photosensitivity is involved or not (actually in about 50 p. 100 of cases). Other possibly associated features include ungueal dysplasias, bilateral cataract, defective teeth, dysmorphic disorders predominant in the ears, neurologic disorders, pulmonary bronchiectasis and recurrent infections. The two cases presented here were thus very symptomatologically complete. The two problems of current concern are psychomotor retardation and temporary hair loss as a result of infections. The latter has only been described once in the literature. This case was similar to ours since photosensitivity was involved. Analysis of DNA repair also showed a defect after exposure to ultraviolet light similar to that found in xeroderma pigmentosum group D. Thus, episodic hair loss could be a symptom characteristic of forms of trichothiodystrophy with a DNA repair defect. However, the explanation for this hair loss is not known. Other ectodermal dysplasias can be complicated by hair loss with superinfection, such as AEC syndrome (ankyloblepharon, ectodermal dysplasia, cleft palate).