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Undescended Testis is a medical term that uses for any testis which is not in its normal place (bottom of the scrotum). UDT can be classified as unilateral and bilateral. Unilateral UDT is more common than bilateral UDT. There is a very rare condition in which both testicles are on the same side and have not descended.We report in this article a 3 years old boy by a chief complaint of bilateral testicular mass absence. Diagnostic evaluation has been done but testes was abcent in scrota.  Exploring laparoscopy has been done and rare cases of UDT diagnosed, in which both testicles was on left side of the pelvis by two separate spermatic cord. The shorter spermatic cord fixed in the left scrotum and the longer one fixed on the right side. The testis was normal in follow up examinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: According to the prevalence of seasonal allergic rhinitis in the world especially Iran and the relationship between pollen levels and symptoms there has been an increasing demand for accurate pollen counts. In this research, we investigated and reported about first pollen calendar in Sanandaj (Kurdistan) during 2014-2016. Material and Methods: The first stage of the map and classify in location site areas vegetation and distribution patterns of plant species for two years. Then the collection and identification of allergenic plants and divided them in to three groups: Tree, weed and Grass. Then Pollen concentrations levels determined by measurements using the Rotorod air sampling methods from 2014to 2016 and raw pollen counts/m3 obtained using were pollen collection for the airflow. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey HSD. Results: The results showed that 40% of total variation in vegetation involved the trees and 36% relating to weeds and 24% grasses. Separation of pollination and flowering was done in the highest number of tree and shrub angiosperms species from February to April and the highest number of gymnosperms from January to late March. The flowering percentage in the weed and grass plants groups of %80 in spring and summer seasons and comparative with other seasons showed the significant results in P=0.02. The famous of family of pollen concentrations levels is trees family include: Fagaceae (QuercusL.), Pinaceae (PinusL.) Cupressaceae, (CupressusL., JuniperusL.) Oleaceae (OleaeL., FraxinusL.), Ulmaceae (UlmusL.), salicaceae (poplusL.), Rosaceae (Corylus L.), and the most of weed pollen counts includes: The Rosacea (Spiraea), Asteraceae (Helianthus), Malvaceae (Malva), chenopodiaceae (chenopodium), Amaranthaceae (Amaranthus) family and grasses group is poaceae family. Conclusion: This research demonstrated that, under environmental exposure our conditions, the Rotorod sampler provides consistent and reliable measurements of pollen levels location and the future we need comparative with relationship whit been air borne pollen count and metrological factors in Sanandaj. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]