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Objective: Emotion regulation, perfectionism, and rumination are perpetuating factors in anorexia nervosa (AN). Mindfulness can be protective and therapeutic. We aimed to understand the relationship between these factors and mindfulness in AN. Methods: 20 adolescent girls in the acute phase of the AN, 16 in remission, and 40 in the control group were evaluated. Results: Mindfulness was lowest in the acute AN group. The difference in the acute AN group regarding body dissatisfaction, emotion dysregulation, perfectionism, and mindfulness disappeared after controlling for the effects of depression and anxiety. The predictors of disordered eating in the entire study population were body dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms. Emotion regulation and perfectionism were the predictors of mindfulness in the acute AN group and the entire study population. When mindfulness decreased, concerns about body shape increased in both acute AN and remission groups, while dietary restriction and disordered eating behaviors increased only in the remission group. Discussion: Emotion regulation difficulties in acute AN could be related to depression and anxiety. Mindfulness interventions for emotion regulation could be used for depression during the acute phase while for perfectionism in remission. Early intervention for depression and body dissatisfaction seems protective, and mindfulness could be an appropriate intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: Young children and preschoolers are now growing up in settings filled with a variety of technological devices. Despite the recommendation that parents should limit screen time, many preschoolers are exposed to screens at very early ages and for a long time. This study aimed to investigate the associations between parenting styles and the excessive screen time of preschool-aged children. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study included preschool children with low screen exposure (<1 hour; n=176) and excessive screen exposure (>4 hours; n=74). A self-completion-structured survey form and Parent Attitude Scale were filled by the mothers. Results: More than half (52.0%) of them were male children. Increased number of children, increased household sizes, mothers being unemployed, birth order ≥2, and home-based care were found to be statistically significantly higher in the excessive screen exposure group than in the low screen exposure group. Mothers and fathers in the excessive screen exposure group had lower educational levels compared with their counterparts in the low screen exposure group (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that mothers' high authoritative (democratic) scores were associated with low screen exposure(adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.3; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1-0.9). High overprotective and permissive parenting subscale scores were related to excessive screen exposure after adjusting potential confounders (AOR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.1-6.7; AOR: 4.5, 95% CI: 1.8-11.6). Conclusion: Excessive screening time may indicate a problematic parent-child relationship. Establishing a positive parent-child relationship can be an effective way of managing screen time in preschool children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Society & Social Work is the property of Journal of Society and Social Work and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Factitious disorder imposed on another (FDIA-DSM-5), formerly known as Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSP) is a form of child abuse. A case can be recognised by only keeping the relevant diagnoses in mind. There are many cases of FDIA diversified by the contributions of both the caregiver and the child. Most of these cases are complicated by the difficulty of accurately determining the relative roles of the parent and the child and their levels of awareness and motivation. Here, we present the case of an 11-year old girl admitted to our hospital with the complaint of haematemesis 6-8 times a day. A case of factitious disorder was considered following the physical and psychological examinations on the patient. Evaluating the case within this context suggested a case of FDIA by drawing attention to the continuity of the symptoms described in the patient with the those of the caregiver. In approaching cases of FDIA, unravelling the interdependence of the dynamics of different awareness levels of feigning and motivation by the caregiver and the child is very crucial. Considering the variations in the process of FDIA development through interweaving of the motivations of the mother and child, the case presented here is believed to bring a different point of view that will contribute to the understanding of the nature of this disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version, DSM-5 November 2016 -Turkish Adaptation (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T). Method: A total of 150 children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years of age were assessed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T. The degree of agreement between the DSM-5 criteria diagnoses and the K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T diagnoses were considered as the measure of consensus validity. In addition, concurrent validity was examined by analyzing the correlation between the diagnoses on K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T and relevant scales. Interrater reliabilities were assessed on randomly selected 20 participants. Likewise, randomly selected 20 other participants were interviewed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T three weeks after the first interview to evaluate test-retest reliability. Results: The consistency of diagnoses was almost perfect for eating disorders, selective mutism and autism spectrum disorder (κ=0.92-1.0), substantial for elimination disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, depressive disorders, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (κ=0.67-0.80). Interrater reliability was perfect for selective mutism (κ=1.0), substantial for oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depressive disorders and social anxiety disorder (κ=0.63-0.73). Test-retest reliability was almost perfect for autism spectrum disorder (κ=0.82), substantial for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, depressive disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (κ=0.62-0.78). Conclusion: The results of this study show that the K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T is an effective instrument for diagnosing major childhood psychiatric disorders including selective mutism, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and autism spectrum disorder which have recently been added to the schedule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Awareness about child physical and emotional abuse -as well as sexual abuse- is increasing day by day. It is stated that the physical or emotional harm given to a child can result in serious psychological problems both in short and long terms. In addition to this, it is known that, the traditional discipline styles, especially applied in developing countries, can be physically and emotionally harmful and sometimes abusive. The stress level of the parent determines the parent's choice of discipline style and psychopathologies such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder seem to be riskfull for physical and emotional abuse because they increase the stress level of parents. This paper will review the literature related to the probability of exposure to physically or emotionally abusive discipline styles for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and also the literarture related to the consequences of these abusive discipline styles on these children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to compare the mothers of children diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the mothers of children with no psychiatric diagnosis with respect to abusive discipline attitudes. One hundred children with ADHD, 25 children with no psychiatric diagnosis, and their mothers answered the questionnaires and open-ended standard questions about the type and frequency of parental abusive discipline. Conners scores of the children were associated with characteristics of the children, maternal characteristics, and maternal use of verbal discipline. Maternal approval scores on verbally abusive disciplinary acts were predicted by maternal past experiences, maternal characteristics and Conners scores of children. Similarly, characteristics of the children and the mothers predicted maternal approval scores on physical disciplinary acts. ADHD symptoms increase the risk of parental verbally and physically abusive discipline. Vice versa, verbal discipline also predicts increased ADHD symptoms. Understanding the risk factors may help in developing more effective intervention and prevention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conversion disorder (CD) in children remains a major challenge both in pediatric and mental health clinics and is still a prevalent psychiatric disorder in developing countries. The authors describe a 10-year-old boy with the complaints of inability to walk, speak or eat, excessive drooling, urinary and fecal incontinence, disturbance from light and sound, and expression of needs only by eye movements. The patient diagnosed with CD was followed by the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry with play therapy, individual psychotherapy and family therapy. At the end of three months, the patient was discharged. This is one of the most challenging cases of CD in children. The most important aim of the treatment is to understand the need for conversion symptoms and to constitute a healthy psychological environment for the child rather than to remove the physical symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of child abuse and neglect (CAN) cases. Subjects were 102 cases that were clinically assessed by the multidisciplinary hospital team. Early and late childhood cases (according to the age at first abuse) were compared by means of characteristics of abuse. Among the 102 subjects, 64 were female and 38 were male (mean age: 8.68 years): Being, abused by someone within the family was found to be significantly higher in preschool children compared to children in late childhood. 27.5% (n: 28) of the cases concomitantly had low socioeconomic and educational level and high parental psychological problems and 64.8% had psychiatric problems. A limited number of studies have compared characteristics of early and late childhood abuse considering the age of onset of maltreatment. Consistent with the literature, our study showed that early age of onset of maltreatment is a poor prognostic factor in many ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and comorbidities of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by evaluating a large-scale nation-wide sample of children., Method: The inclusion criterion was being enrolled as a 2nd, 3rd, or 4th-grade student. A semi-structured diagnostic interview (K-SADS-PL), DSM-IV-Based Screening Scale for Disruptive Behavior Disorders, and assessment of impairment (by both parents and teachers) were applied to 5,842 participants., Results: The prevalence of ADHD was 19.5% without impairment and 12.4% with impairment. Both ADHD with and without impairment groups had similar psychiatric comorbidity rates except for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) diagnoses. Impairment in the ADHD group resulted in significantly higher ODD and CD diagnoses., Conclusion: Even when impairment is not described, other psychiatric disorders accompany the diagnosis of ADHD and may cause impairment in the future. Impairment in the diagnosis of ADHD significantly increases the likelihood of ODD and CD.

Factitious disorder imposed on another (FDIA-DSM-5), formerly known as Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSP) is a form of child abuse. A case can be recognised by only keeping the relevant diagnoses in mind. There are many cases of FDIA diversified by the contributions of both the caregiver and the child. Most of these cases are complicated by the difficulty of accurately determining the relative roles of the parent and the child and their levels of awareness and motivation. Here, we present the case of an 11-year old girl admitted to our hospital with the complaint of haematemesis 6-8 times a day. A case of factitious disorder was considered following the physical and psychological examinations on the patient. Evaluating the case within this context suggested a case of FDIA by drawing attention to the continuity of the symptoms described in the patient with the those of the caregiver. In approaching cases of FDIA, unravelling the interdependence of the dynamics of different awareness levels of feigning and motivation by the caregiver and the child is very crucial. Considering the variations in the process of FDIA development through interweaving of the motivations of the mother and child, the case presented here is believed to bring a different point of view that will contribute to the understanding of the nature of this disorder.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age ChildrenPresent and Lifetime Version, DSM-5 November 2016 -Turkish Adaptation (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T).  METHOD: A total of 150 children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years of age were assessed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T. The degree of agreement between the DSM-5 criteria diagnoses and the K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T diagnoses were considered as the measure of consensus validity. In addition, concurrent validity was examined by analyzing the correlation between the diagnoses on K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T and relevant scales. Interrater reliabilities were assessed on randomly selected 20 participants. Likewise, randomly selected 20 other participants were interviewed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T three weeks after the first interview to evaluate test-retest reliability.  RESULTS: The consistency of diagnoses was almost perfect for eating disorders, selective mutism and autism spectrum disorder (κ=0.92-1.0), substantial for elimination disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, depressive disorders, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (κ=0.67-0.80). Interrater reliability was perfect for selective mutism (κ=1.0), substantial for oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depressive disorders and social anxiety disorder (κ=0.63-0.73). Test-retest reliability was almost perfect for autism spectrum disorder (κ=0.82), substantial for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, depressive disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (κ=0.62-0.78).  CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that the K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T is an effective instrument for diagnosing major childhood psychiatric disorders including selective mutism, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and autism spectrum disorder which have recently been added to the schedule.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between postpartum depression (PPD), infantile colic (IC) and different psychosocial variables, psychiatric symptoms, attachment style and perceived social support in expecting parents., Method: Two hundred forty five expecting mothers and 150 expecting fathers were first interviewed between the 22-34 weeks of pregnancy. Sociodemografic data form, Adult Attachment Style Scale (AASS), State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) were filled out by each expecting parent. Second interview was conducted between the postpartum 4-24 weeks. Data form consisting health, nutrition, sleep and crying problems of the infant and EPDS and SAI were filled out by mothers and SAI by fathers., Results: One in every four mothers had PPD symptoms above the threshold on EPDS. Maternal and paternal insecure attachment style, maternal psychiatric symptoms and postpartum anxiety level were found to be the predictors of PPD. One in every five infants had IC and maternal education level, hostility score and PPD symptoms along with paternal insecure attachment style and psychiatric symptoms were the main predictors of IC., Conclusion: Results about PPD and IC regarding maternal variables are consistent with the literature. In addition, paternal insecure attachment style is found to be an important risk factor for both PPD and IC. Fathers should also be included in further studies exploring PPD or IC.

The occurrence of similar psychotic symptoms in two or more people is called shared paranoid disorder. In this disease, the person who exhibits psychotic symptoms first is the "primary patient". The symptoms are contracted by the other people through persuasion. This disorder is seen among people who share the same house or are emotionally bound. In some cases, shared paranoid disorder may include other diagnoses, such as Munchausen Syndrome. This report discusses the case of a six-year-old, sexually abused boy who, when admitted to the hospital at the age of 10, claimed to have been repeatedly sexually harassed by several different people. His family's frequent changes in hospitals, negative perceptions of and accusations against medical staff, and improper methods of responding to harassment led clinicians to a diagnosis of Munchausen by proxy syndrome. In addition, both parents believed the abuse story, suggesting a potential diagnosis of shared psychotic disorder. In the literature, Munchausen by proxy has rarely been reported with symptoms of sexual abuse. The psychotic symptoms were shared by the family, complicating the case. This report emphasizes that psychodynamic evaluations of Munchausen by proxy and shared psychotic disorder may be helpful in understanding underlying factors.

While many physicians are familiar with the sexual or physical abuse of children, there is little awareness about Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP). As case reports of MSBP increase, awareness among physicians is thought to increase as well. We thus present herein a 16-month-old girl who admitted to Hacettepe University İhsan Doğramacı Children's Hospital with the complaint of seizure, recurrent apnea and thigh abscess, who was later diagnosed as MSBP. The case was being followed by the Child Protection Team of the hospital (Haceteppe University Child Protection Unit [HU-CPU]). HU-CPU contributed to the early detection of this case and protected the child from a possible fatal outcome. The mother was confronted for MSBP and refused to take responsibility for her child's symptoms. As seen in this case, when MSBP is suspected, psychiatric evaluation of the mother, evaluation of the mother-child interaction and collection of a detailed family and social history can have a positive impact on the prognosis in these cases. This case report underlines the importance of multidisciplinary team work to share the responsibility and reduce the burden during the treatment process of these difficult and complicated cases.