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Abstract The objective of study was to characterize HPV in vaginal samples from women being seen at the Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility at Weill Cornell Medicine before and following ovarian stimulation. A total of 29 women made samples available for analysis by viral metagenomics. Eighteen women were HPV-positive, six (33.3%) at their initial visit and 15 (83.3%) following hormone stimulation (p = 0.0059). Pairwise comparison of nucleotide sequences and phylogenetic analysis showed the classification sequences into two genera: Alphapapillomavirus and Gammapapillomavirus. Sequences were from 8 HPV types: HPV 51 (n = 2), HPV 68 (n = 1), HPV 83 (n = 9), HPV 84 (n = 2), HPV 121 (n = 6), HPV 175 (n = 1) and HPV 190 (n = 1). Additionally, C16b and C30 likely represent new types. In summary, multiple HPV types are present in the vagina of reproductive age women and are induced by hormone used to stimulate ovulation.

TYLER JOST. 2024. Bureaucracies at War: The Institutional Origins of Miscalculation. Cambridge, Reino Unido: Cambridge University Press. RICHARD TUCK. 2024. Active and Passive Citizens: A Defense of Majoritarian Democracy. Editado por Stephen Macedo. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. ELIZABETH N. SAUNDERS. 2024. The Insiders’ Game: How Elites Make War and Peace. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. HONGSHAN Li. 2024. Fighting on the Cultural Front: U.S.-China Relations in the Cold War, Nueva York: Columbia University Press. JOHANNES GERSCHEWSKI. 2023. The Two Logics of Autocratic Rule. Cambridge, Reino Unido: Cambridge University Press. JOSEPH STIGLITZ. 2024. The Road to Freedom: Economics and the Good Society. Nueva York: W. W. Norton & Company. OLIVIER ROY. 2024. The Crisis of Culture: Identity Politics and the Empire of Norms. Traducido por Cynthia Schoch y Trista Selous. Londres: Hurst & Company. DAN HONIG. 2024. Mission Driven Bureaucrats: Empowering People to Help Government Do Better. Nueva York: Oxford University Press ERNST WOLFGANG BÖCKENFÖRDE. 2024. El surgimiento del Estado como proceso de secularización. Traducción de Carlos Pérez Crespo. Madrid: Trotta. JESSICA ALCÁZAR YLIZALITURRI. 2024. El feminismo en la política exterior de México. Ciudad de México: Flacso México.

Background: Smacovirus is a CRESS-DNA virus identified almost exclusively in transient fecal samples from various vertebrate species. Objective: We evaluated human vaginal samples for the presence and maintenance of Smacovirus. Methods: Viral metagenomics analysis was performed on vaginal samples collected from 28 apparently healthy women in New York City, USA. Twenty-one of the women provided duplicate samples over a 12–21-day interval. Results: Phylogenetic analysis identified two samples from the same individual, collected over a twelve-day interval, that were positive for the complete Smacovirus genome. All detected sequence contigs belonged to a single variant of CRESS-DNA. Conclusions: The continuous presence of Smacovirus in the human vagina over a twelve-day period was identified.

Metagenomic studies of mosquito viromes demonstrated a more diverse composition than just an exclusive composition of pathogenic arboviruses transmitted to humans. In our study, the virome of 866 female mosquitoes collected throughout 2020 at the São Paulo Zoo, located in the city of São Paulo/SP—Brazil, was obtained. Specifically, in this paper, we describe a new virus found by viral RNA extraction and next-generation MiSeq sequencing of a group of 23 specimens of Anopheles (Nys.) strodei. The complete genome with a length of 9709 nucleotides was characterized by a positive orientation and a single strand, with a single large ORF, which encodes a polyprotein of 2987 amino acids. The phylogenetic analysis showed an association with the viral family Iflaviridae and the Riboviria realm. We carried out comparisons with translated sequences of the capsid regions of other iflavirus, and the identities in relation to our sequence were below the minimum limit of 90%, indicating that possibly it is a new species of iflavirus. Our findings contribute to expanding knowledge of virome composition among mosquito species in Brazil and globally. Moreover, we provide a viral genome reference specific to this geographic region and Culicidae family of mosquitoes. This resource facilitates future in silico recognition and assembly of viral genomes within metagenomic datasets.

John J. Mearsheimer y Sebastian Rosato, How States Think: The Rationality of Foreign Policy, New Haven, Yale University Press, 2023, 304 pp. Dominique Colas, Poutine, l’Ukraine et les statues de Lénine, París, Presses de Sciences Po, 2023, 144 pp. Steven Levitsky y Daniel Ziblatt, Tyranny of the Minority: Why American Democracy Reached the Breaking Point, New York, Crown, 2023, 384 pp. Mark Sedgwick, Traditionalism: The Radical Project for Restoring Sacred Order, Nueva York, Oxford University Press, 2023, 384 pp. Zongyuan Zoe Liu, Sovereign Funds: How the Communist Party of China Finances Its Global Ambitions, Massachusetts, Belknap Press, 2023, 288 pp. Larry M. Bartels, Democracy Erodes from the Top: Leaders, Citizens, and the Challenge of Populism in Europe, Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press, 2023, 280 pp. Paul Gowder, The Networked Leviathan: For Democratic Platforms, Cambridge, Reino Unido, Cambridge University Press, 2023, 255 pp. Peter A. Hall, Georgina Evans y Sung In Kim, Political Change and Electoral Coalitions in Western Democracies, Cambridge, Reino Unido, Cambridge University Press, 2023, 90 pp. Samuel Moyn, Liberalism against Itself: Cold War Intellectuals and the Making of Our Times, New Haven, Yale University Press, 2023, 240 pp. Astrid von Busekist, La Religion au tribunal: Essai sur le délibéralisme, París, Albin Michel, 2023, 384 pp.

The crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of three salts of 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine with 2-chlorobenzoic acid, 2-bromobenzoic acid and 2-iodobenzoic acid are reported. The chlorobenzoate salt, C10H14N3O2+·C7H4ClO2−, contains whole-ion-disordered cations and anions, which were modeled with two equivalent conformations with occupancies of 0.745 (10)/0.255 (10) and 0.563 (13)/0.437 (13), respectively. The bromobenzoate and iodobenzoate derivatives are isomorphous and crystallize as hemihydrates, viz. C10H14N3O2+·C7H4BrO2−·0.5H2O and C10H14N3O2+·C7H4IO2−·0.5H2O, respectively [the water molecule is disordered over two locations with occupancies of 0.276 (3)/0.223 (3) for the iodobenzoate derivative]. In the extended structures, all three salts feature an R44(12) loop of two anions and two cations linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

The structures and Hirshfeld surface analysis of three salts of 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine are discussed. In 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium salicylate (C10H14N3O2+·C7H5O3−), there are strong hydrogen bonds between cation and anion and the 4-nitrophenyl substituent occupies an equatorial position in the piperazinium ring. The cation and anion are linked together by supramolecular interactions [graph-set notation of hydrogen bonding C_{2}^{2}(6) propagating in the a-axis direction]. Additionally, there is π–π stacking involving the salicylate anion and the piperazinium cation in adjacent asymmetric units as well as a C—H...π interaction between a hydrogen atom on the piperazine ring and the phenyl ring within the salicyclate anion. In bis[4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium] bis(4-fluorobenzoate) trihydrate (2C10H14N3O2+·2C7H4FO2−·3H2O), there are two cations, two anions, and three water molecules of solvation in the asymmetric unit, all linked by hydrogen bonds [graph-set notation of hydrogen bonding R22(20) between adjacent cations and R33(9) between a cation and its adjacent anion]. In the anion, the 4-nitrophenyl ring occupies an axial substitution position in the piperazinium ring, which is relatively rare. Within the asymmetric unit, the phenyl groups in the cations show an offset π–π interaction. Additionally, there is a C—H...π interaction between a hydrogen atom on the phenyl ring within a cation and the phenyl ring within an anion. In 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (C10H14N3O2+·C7H4N2O6−), there is a strong N—H...O hydrogen bond linking the cation and anion and the 4-nitrophenyl ring occupies an axial substitution position in the piperazinium ring, as seen in the previous structure. In the crystal, the cation and the anion form a complex three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded array involving R22(8), R44(12) and R44(20) rings propogating in the a-axis direction. The nitrophenyl group is disordered with occupancies of 0.806 (10) and 0.194 (10).

The synthesis and crystal structures of the molecular salts of 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine with trifluoroacetate, namely, 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium trifluoroacetate, C10H14N3O2+·C2F3O2− (I), and with trichloroacetate, namely, 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium trichloroacetate, C10H14N3O2+·C2Cl3O2−, (II), are reported and compared. A partial positional disorder of the anions was found. In both structures, the piperazine rings adopt a chair conformation, whereas the positions of the nitrophenyl group on the piperazine ring differ from bisectional in (I) to equatorial in (II). In both structures, the supramolecular assemblies are mono-periodic on the basis of the chain-of-rings motifs supported by aromatic π–π interactions. Hirshfeld surface analysis was used to explore the intermolecular close contacts in both crystals. The most dominant contacts of the Hirshfeld surface of the cation–anion pairs of the asymmetric units are O...H/H...O, and those with a contribution of halogen atoms: F...H/H...F in (I) and Cl...H/H...Cl in (II), respectively.

Eleven (4-phenyl)piperazinium salts containing organic anions have been prepared and structurally characterized, namely, 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-fluorobenzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2+·C7H4FO2−·H2O, 1; 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-bromobenzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2+·C7H4BrO2−·H2O, 3; 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-iodobenzoate, C10H15N2+·C7H4IO2−, 4; 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-nitrobenzoate, C10H15N2+·C7H4NO4−, 5; 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 3,5-dinitrosalicylate, C10H15N2+·C7H3N2O7−, 6; 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, C10H15N2+·C7H3N2O6−, 7; 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium picrate, C10H15N2+·C6H2N3O7−, 8; 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium benzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2+·C7H5O2−·H2O, 9; 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium p-toluenesulfonate, C10H15N2+·C7H7O3S−, 10; 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium tartarate monohydrate, C10H15N2+·C4H5O6−·H2O, 11; and 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium fumarate, C10H15N2+·C4H3O4−, 12. Compounds 1 and 3–12 are all 1:1 salts with the acid proton transferred to the phenylpiperaizine basic N atom (the secondary amine) with the exception of 3 where there is disorder in the proton position with it being 68% attached to the base and 32% attached to the acid. Of the structures with similar stoichiometries only 3 and 9 are isomorphous. The 4-phenyl substituent in all cases occupies an equatorial position except for 12 where it is in an axial position. The crystal chosen for structure 7 was refined as a non-merohedral twin. There is disorder in 5, 6, 10 and 11. For both 5 and 6, a nitro group is disordered and was modeled with two equivalent orientations with occupancies of 0.62 (3)/0.38 (3) and 0.690 (11)/0.310 (11), respectively. For 6, 10 and 11, this disorder is associated with the phenyl ring of the phenylpiperazinium cation with occupancies of 0.687 (10)/0.313 (10), 0.51 (7)/0.49 (7) and 0.611 (13)/389 (13), respectively. For all salts, the packing is dominated by the N—H...O hydrogen bonds formed by the cation and anion. In addition, several structures contain C—H...π (1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, and 12) and aromatic π–π stacking interactions (6 and 8) and one structure (5) contains a –NO2...π interaction. For all structures, the Hirshfeld surface fingerprint plots show the expected prominent spikes as a result of the N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds.

The Totiviridae family of viruses has a unique genome consisting of double-stranded RNA with two open reading frames that encode the capsid protein (Cap) and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRpol). Most virions in this family are isometric in shape, approximately 40 nm in diameter, and lack an envelope. There are five genera within this family, including Totivirus, Victorivirus, Giardiavirus, Leishmaniavirus, and Trichomonasvirus. While Totivirus and Victorivirus primarily infect fungi, Giardiavirus, Leishmaniavirus, and Trichomonasvirus infect diverse hosts, including protists, insects, and vertebrates. Recently, new totivirus-like species have been discovered in fish and plant hosts, and through metagenomic analysis, a novel totivirus-like virus (named Tianjin totivirus) has been isolated from bat guano. Interestingly, Tianjin totivirus causes cytopathic effects in insect cells but cannot grow in mammalian cells, suggesting that it infects insects consumed by insectivorous bats. In this study, we used next-generation sequencing and identified totivirus-like viruses in liver tissue from Molossus molossus bats in the Amazon region of Brazil. Comparative phylogenetic analysis based on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region revealed that the viruses identified in Molossus bats belong to two distinct phylogenetic clades, possibly comprising different genera within the Totiviridae family. Notably, the mean similarity between the Tianjin totivirus and the totiviruses identified in Molossus bats is less than 18%. These findings suggest that the diversity of totiviruses in bats is more extensive than previously recognized and highlight the potential for bats to serve as reservoirs for novel toti-like viruses.

In this study, four new piperazinium salts, namely, 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-ethoxybenzoate monohydrate, C9H9O3·C10H15N2·H2O (I); 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-methoxybenzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2·C8H7O3·H2O (II); 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-methylbenzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2·C8H7O2·H2O (III); and 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium trifluoroacetate 0.12 hydrate, C10H15N2·C2F3O2·0.12H2O (IV), have been synthesized. The single-crystal structures of these compounds reveal that all of them crystallize in the triclinic P\overline{1} space group and the crystal packing of (I)–(III) is built up of ribbons formed by a combination of hydrogen bonds of type N—H...O, O—H...O and other weak interactions of type C—H...O and C—H...π, leading to a three-dimensional network. In the crystal of (IV), the cations and the anions are connected by C—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...F hydrogen bonds and by C—H...π interactions, forming sheets which in turn interact to maintain the crystal structure by linking through the oxygen atoms of water molecules and van der Waals interactions, giving the whole structure.

Six piperazinium salts, namely 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 4-bromobenzoate dihydrate, C10H14N3O2+·C7H4BrO2−·2H2O, (I), 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 4-iodobenzoate dihydrate, C10H14N3O2+·C7H4IO2−·2H2O, (II), 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 4-hydroxybenzoate monohydrate, C10H14N3O2+·C7H5O3−·H2O, (III), 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 4-methylbenzoate monohydrate, C10H14N3O2+·C8H7O2−·H2O, (IV), 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 4-methoxybenzoate hemihydrate, 2C10H14N3O2+·2C8H7O3−·H2O, (V), and 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 4-ethoxybenzoate, 2C10H14N3O2+·2C9H9O3−, (VI), have been synthesized and their crystal structures solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing that all of them crystallize in the triclinic space group P-1 except for (V), which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c and has a disordered nitro group. Compounds (I) and (II) are isostructural. The crystal packing of (I)–(V) is constructed from organic chains formed by a combination of hydrogen bonds of type N—H...O and/or O—H...O and other weak interactions of type C—H...O and/or C—H...π, forming sheets, whereas (VI) shows a cationic and anionic-based layer structure.

As part of our ongoing investigation on the chemical and biological properties of piperazinium salts, we synthesized three novel compounds: 1-ethylpiperazinium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (I), 1-methylpiperazinium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (II) and 1-methylpiperazinium 4-iodobenzoate (III). The crystal structures of these compounds are built up of organic layers formed by the strong connection between the molecules by hydrogen bonds of type N—H...O. These layers are linked through N—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—H...O interactions or C—I...N halogen bonding, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network.

The title compound, C10H13NO2, crystallizes with two molecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. For A, the dihedral angle between the plane of the phenyl ring and the i-propyl substituent is 65.4 (3)° while for B this angle is 67.8 (3)°. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by N—H...O and N—H...N hydrogen bonds to generate double chains propagating in the [100] direction.

The crystal structures of three isomers of (E)-4-chloro-N-{2-[2-(chlorobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]-2-oxoethyl}benzenesulfonamide, namely, (E)-4-chloro-N-{2-[2-(2-chlorobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]-2-oxoethyl}benzenesulfonamide (I), (E)-4-chloro-N-{2-[2-(3-chlorobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]-2-oxoethyl}benzenesulfonamide (II) and (E)-4-chloro-N-{2-[2-(4-chlorobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]-2-oxoethyl}benzenesulfonamide (III), with the general formula C15H13Cl2N3O3S are described, with the chloro group in ortho, meta and para positions in the benzylidene benzene ring. All the three isomeric compounds crystallize in the centrosymmetric triclinic P\overline{1} space group with one molecule each in the asymmetric unit and two molecules in the unit cell. The dihedral angles between the two phenyl rings are 11.09 (14), 53.79 (18) and 72.37 (11)° in (I), (II) and (III), respectively. The central part of the molecule (–C—N—N=C–) is almost linear with C—N—N—C torsion angles of 179.1 (2), −169.5 (3) and 178.5 (2)° for (I), (II) and (III), respectively. In all the three crystals, the molecules form inversion dimers with R22(8) ring motifs, which are further augmented by C—H...O interactions.

Crystal structures are reported for three amides containing N-benzo[d]thiazole substituents. In N-(benzo[d]thiazol-6-yl)-3-bromobenzamide, C14H9BrN2OS, where the two ring systems are nearly parallel to one another [dihedral angle = 5.8 (2)°], the molecules are linked by N—H...O and C—H...N hydrogen bonds to form ribbons of R33(19) rings, which are linked into sheets by short Br...Br interactions [3.5812 (6) Å]. N-(6-Methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-nitrobenzamide, C15H11N3O4S, crystallizes with Z′ = 2 in space group Pna21: the dihedral angles between the ring systems [46.43 (15) and 66.35 (13)°] are significantly different in the independent molecules and a combination of two N—H...N and five C—H...O hydrogen bonds links the molecules into a three-dimensional network. The molecules of 5-cyclopropyl-N-(6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)isoxazole-3-carboxamide, C15H13N3O3S, exhibit two forms of disorder, in the methoxy group and in the cyclopropylisoxazole unit; symmetry-related pairs of molecules are linked into dimers by pairwise N—H...N hydrogen bonds. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.

The crystal structures of three benzimidazole esters containing aryl or heterocyclic substituents at position 2 are reported, and all three exhibit disorder of molecular entities. In ethyl 1-methyl-2-[4-(prop-2-ynoxy)phenyl]-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate, C20H18N2O3, (I), the prop-2-yn-1-oxyphenyl unit is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having effectively equal occupancies, 0.506 (5) and 0.494 (5). The propyl substituent in ethyl 1-propyl-2-(pyren-1-yl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate, C29H24N2O2, (II), is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies 0.601 (8) and 0.399 (8), and the ester unit in ethyl 1-methyl-2-(5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate, C21H19ClN4O2 (III), is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies 0.645 (7) and 0.355 (7). In each of the C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds in (I), the donor and acceptor form parts of different disorder components, so that no continuous aggregation is possible. The molecules of (II) are linked by a single C—H...O hydrogen bond into C(10) chains, which are linked into sheets by a π–π stacking interaction, whereas those of (III) are just linked into C(13) chains, again by a single C—H...O hydrogen bond. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.

Cycloaddition reactions between 3-(5-aryloxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-(thiophen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones and thiosemicarbazide leads to the formation of reduced 3,4′-bipyrazole-2-carbothioamides. Further cycloaddition of these intermediates with either diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate or 4-bromophenacyl bromide leads to reduced 3,4′-bipyrazoles carrying oxothiazole or thiazole substituents, respectively. The structures of two representative intermediates and two representative products established unambiguously the regiochemistry of the cycloaddition reactions. The molecules of 3′-methyl-5′-(2-methylphenoxy)-1′-phenyl-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1′H,2H-3,4′-bipyrazole-2-carbothioamide, C25H23N5OS2 (Ia), are linked by N—H...N hydrogen bonds to form simple C(8) chains. The analogous compound 5′-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3′-methyl-1′-phenyl-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1′H,2H-3,4′-bipyrazole-2-carbothioamide hemihydrate crystallizes as a hemihydrate, C24H19Cl2N5OS2·0.5H2O (Ib), and the independent components are linked into a chain of spiro-fused R44(20) rings by a combination of O—H...N and N—H...O hydrogen bonds. In the structure of ethyl (Z)-2-{2-[3′-methyl-1′-phenyl-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-5′-(2-methylphenoxy)-3,4-dihydro-1′H,2H-3,4′-bipyrazole-2-yl]-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrothiazol-5-ylidene}acetate, C31H27N5O4S2 (II), inversion-related pairs of molecules are linked by paired C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds to form cyclic centrosymmetric dimers, but there are no direction-specific intermolecular interactions in 4-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[5′-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3′-methyl-1′-phenyl-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1′H,2H-3,4′-bipyrazole-2-yl]-4-thiazole, C32H22BrCl2N5OS2 (III). Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging virus detected around the world that may be associated with cases of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, its contribution to AGE has not been elucidated. This study aimed to describe the frequency, clinical features, and HBoV species circulation in children up to 5 years with or without AGE symptoms in Acre, Northern Brazil. A total of 480 stool samples were collected between January and December 2012. Fecal samples were used for extraction, nested PCR amplification, and sequencing for genotyping. Statistical analysis was applied to verify the association between epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Overall, HBoV-positivity was 10% (48/480), with HBoV-positive rates of 8.4% (19/226) and 11.4% (29/254) recorded in diarrheic and non-diarrheic children, respectively. The most affected children were in the age group ranging between 7 and 24 months (50%). HBoV infection was more frequent in children who live in urban areas (85.4%), use water from public networks (56.2%), and live with adequate sewage facilities (50%). Co-detection with other enteric viruses was 16.7% (8/48) and the most prevalent coinfection was RVA+ HBoV (50%, 4/8). HBoV-1 was the most frequent species detected in diarrheic and non-diarrheic children, responsible for 43.8% (21/48) of cases, followed by HBoV-3 (29.2%, 14/48) and HBoV-2 (25%, 12/48). In this study, HBoV infection was not always associated with AGE, as most HBoV cases belonged to the non-diarrheal group. Future studies are warranted in order to determine the role of HBoV in causing acute diarrhea disease.

OO presente artigo busca refletir sobre as contribuições das lives do GT 07 da ANPED no debate sobre currículo para a infância no Brasil, ao longo da pandemia. Dessa forma, buscou-se analisar quais contribuições essas lives trazem para o debate sobre currículo para a infância no Brasil durante as restrições sociais impostas devido à COVID-19. Assume-se um tecer metodológico da pesquisa qualitativa, de abordagem narrativa. Compreende-se que as narrativas presentes nas lives pontuaram questões críticas quanto à situação da educação infantil, num cenário de incertezas, desafios e enfrentamento das desigualdades, de distanciamento social e suspensão de aulas, com dificuldades de acesso/conectividade, vínculos, afetividade e carências de toda a ordem que envolvem a luta pela garantia do direito à aprendizagem das crianças.

Fifteen 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-ium salts containing organic anions have been prepared and structurally characterized. In the isostructural 4-chlorobenzoate and 4-bromobenzoate salts, C11H17N2O+·C7H4ClO2− (I) and C11H17N2O+·C7H4BrO2− (II), and the 4-iodobenzoate salt C11H17N2O+·C7H4IO2− (III), the ions are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric R44(12) four-ion aggregates; a similar aggregate is formed in the 2-chlorobenzoate salt (V), isomeric with (I). In the 2-fluorobenzoate salt C11H17N2O+·C7H4FO2− (IV), and the isomorphous pair of salts, the 2-bromobenzoate (VI), isomeric with (II) and 2-iodobenzoate (VII), isomeric with (III), N—H...O and C—H...π(arene) interactions link the components into three-dimensional arrays. Four-ion R44(12) aggregates are also found in the 2-methylbenzoate, 4-aminobenzoate and 4-nitrobenzoate salts, C11H17N2O+·C8H7O2− (VIII), C11H17N2O+·C7H6NO2− (IX) and C11H17N2O+·C7H4NO4− (X), but those in (IX) are linked into complex sheets by an additional N—H...O hydrogen bond. In the 3,5-dinitrobenzoate salt, C11H17N2O+·C7H3N2O6−·2H2O (XI), N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds link the components into a complex ribbon structure. In the picrate salt, C11H17N2O+·C6H2N3O7− (XII), the four-ion aggregates are linked into chains of rings by C—H...O hydrogen bonds. In the hydrogen maleate salt, C11H17N2O+·C4H3O4− (XIII), two- and three-centre hydrogen bonds link the ions into a ribbon structure while both anions contain very short but asymmetric O—H...O hydrogen bonds, having O...O distances of 2.4447 (16) and 2.4707 (17) Å. O—H...O Hydrogen bonds link the anions in the hydrogen fumarate salt (XIV), isomeric with (XIII), into chains that are linked into sheets via N—H...O hydrogen bonds. In the hydrogen (2R,3R)-tartrate salt, C11H17N2O+·C4H5O6−·1.698H2O (XV), the anions are linked into sheets by O—H...O hydrogen bonds. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.

Two new substituted propanedioate esters have been synthesized using a three-component solvent-free thermal reaction between diethyl propanedioate (diethyl malonate), 5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde and an aryl azide, forming two new C—C bonds in a single step. The products diethyl (RS)-2-[(4-bromophenyl)(5-methyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]propanedioate, C24H25BrN2O5 (I), and diethyl (RS)-2-[(4-chlorophenyl)(5-methyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]propanedioate, C24H25ClN2O5 (II), are isomorphous, with Z′ = 2 in space group P21/n. The two independent molecules in compound (I) are both fully ordered, while each of the independent molecules in compound (II) is disordered, but in different ways. In one molecule of (II), the N-phenyl ring is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies 0.635 (10) and 0.365 (10), and in the other molecule the ester function is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies 0.690 (5) and 0.310 (5). In both structures, the two independent molecules adopt different conformations and, in each structure, the molecules are linked into complex sheets by a combination of N—H...O, C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds. Comparisons are made with some related structures.

In the title salt {systematic name: 4-[6-chloro-2,9-diazatricyclo[9.4.0.03,8]pentadeca-1(15),3(8),4,6,9,11,13-heptaen-10-yl]-1-methylpiperazin-1-ium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate–3,5-dinitrobenzic acid (1/1)}, C18H20ClN4+·C7H3N2O6−·C7H4N2O6, there is a very short, asymmetric, O—H...O hydrogen bond [O...O = 2.453 (3) Å] within the anion. The oxygen atoms of one of the nitro groups of the anion are disordered over two sets of sites having occupancies of 0.56 (3) and 0.44 (3). The fused tricyclic portion of the cation adopts a butterfly conformation, with a dihedral angle of 45.59 (6)° between the planes of the two aryl rings. In the crystal, a combination of O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds links the component species into a three-dimensional framework. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.

The structures are reported for five salts formed by reactions between N-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine and aromatic acids. In 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 2-fluorobenzoate monohydrate, C10H14FN2+·C7H4FO2−·H2O, (I), the components are linked by a combination of N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds to form a chain of alternating R46(12) and R66(16) rings. The ionic components of 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 2-bromobenzoate 0.353-hydrate, C10H14FN2+·C7H4BrO2−·0.353H2O, (II), are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds to form a centrosymmetric four-ion aggregate containing an R44(12) motif, and these aggregates are linked into a molecular ladder by a single C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bond. 4-(4-Fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 2-iodobenzoate, C10H14FN2+·C7H4IO2−, (III), crystallizes with Z′ = 2 in space group P\overline{1}: the four independent ions are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds to form a non-centrosymmetric aggregate again containing an R44(12) motif, and aggregates of this type are linked into a ribbon by a combination of C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds. The anion in 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 2,4,6-trinitrophenolate, C10H14FN2+·C6H2N3O7−, (IV), shows clear evidence of extensive electronic delocalization from the phenolate O atom into the adjacent ring. The ions are linked by a combination of two-centre N—H...O and three-centre N—H...(O)2 hydrogen bonds to form centrosymmetric four-ion aggregates containing three types of ring. The ions in 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, C10H14FN2+·C7H3N2O6−, (V), are again linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds to form centrosymmetric R44(12) aggregates, which are themselves linked by a C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bond to form sheets, the stacking of which leads to the formation of narrow channels, containing disordered and/or mobile solvent entities. Comparisons are made with some related structures.

Two new N-{[4-(3-aryl-4-sydnonylideneamino)-5-sulfanylidene-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]methyl}benzamides have been prepared by acid-promoted condensation reactions between 3-aryl-4-formylsydnones and N-[(4-amino-5-sulfanylidene-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl]benzamide, and both have been crystallized as ethanol monosolvates. N-{[4-(3-Phenyl-4-sydnonylideneamino)-5-sulfanylidene-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]methyl}benzamide ethanol monosolvate, C19H15N7O3S·C2H6O (I), and N-({4-[3-(4-methylphenyl)-4-sydnonylideneamino]-5-sulfanylidene-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl}methyl)benzamide ethanol monosolvate, C20H17N7O3S·C2H6O (II), differ only in the presence of a methyl group for (II) instead of a hydrogen atom for (I), and in both of them the ethanol component is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies of 0.836 (6) and 0.164 (6) in (I), and 0.906 (6) and 0.094 (6) in (II). Combinations of O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into cyclic, centrosymmetric four-molecule aggregates. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.

Three salts containing the 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium cation have been prepared and structurally characterized. In 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzoate, C10H14FN2+·C7H3N2O7−, (I), the anion contains an intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond, and it has a structure similar to that of the picrate ion. The cations and anions are linked into [001] chains of rings by a combination of two three-centre N—H...(O)2 hydrogen bonds. The anion in 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium hydrogen oxalate, C10H14FN2+·C2HO4−, (II), is planar, and the cations and anions are linked into (100) sheets by multiple hydrogen bonds including two-centre N—H...O, three-centre N—H...(O)2, O—H...O, C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) types. In 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium hydrogen (2R,3R)-tartrate monohydrate, C10H14FN2+·C4H5O6−·H2O, (III), the anion exhibits an approximate non-crystallographic twofold rotation symmetry with antiperiplanar carboxyl groups. A combination of eight hydrogen bonds, encompassing two- and three-centre N—H...O systems, O—H...O and C—H...π(arene) types, link the independent components into a three-dimensional framework. Comparisons are made with some related structures.

Crystal structures are reported for N-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (MeOPP), (I), and for its 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, 2,4,6-trinitrophenolate (picrate) and 4-aminobenzoate salts, (II)–(IV), the last of which crystallizes as a monohydrate. In MeOPP, C11H16N2O, (I), the 4-methoxyphenyl group is nearly planar and it occupies an equatorial site on the piperazine ring: the molecules are linked into simple C(10) chains by N—H...O hydrogen bonds. In each of the salts, i.e., C11H17N2O+·C7H3N2O6−, (II), C11H17N2O+·C6H2N3O7−, (III), and C11H17N2O+·C7H6NO2−·H2O, (IV), the effectively planar 4-methoxyphenyl substituent again occupies an equatorial site on the piperazine ring. In (II), two of the nitro groups are disordered over two sets of atomic sites and the bond distances in the anion indicate considerable delocalization of the negative charge over the C atoms of the ring. The ions in (II) are linked by two N—H...O hydrogen bonds to form a cyclic, centrosymmetric four-ion aggregate; those in (III) are linked by a combination of N—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds to form sheets; and the components of (IV) are linked by N—H...O, O—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional framework structure. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.

Three title compounds, namely, 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-[(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl]-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, C26H19ClN4S, (I), 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-6-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-[(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl]imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, C26H18ClFN4S, (II), and 6-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-[(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl]imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, C26H18BrClN4S, (III), have been prepared using a reductive condensation of indole with the corresponding 6-aryl-2-(4-chlorobenzyl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole-5-carbaldehydes (aryl = phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl or 4-bromophenyl), and their crystal structures have been determined. The asymmetric unit of compound (I) consists of two independent molecules and one of the molecules exhibits disorder of the 4-chlorobenzyl substituent with occupancies 0.6289 (17) and 0.3711 (17). Each type of molecule forms a C(8) chain motif built from N—H...N hydrogen bonds, which for the fully ordered molecule is reinforced by C—H...π interactions. In compound (II), the chlorobenzyl unit is again disordered, with occupancies 0.822 (6) and 0.178 (6), and the molecules form C(8) chains similar to those in (I), reinforced by C—H...π interactions involving only the major disorder component. The chlorobenzyl unit in compound (III) is also disordered with occupancies of 0.839 (5) and 0.161 (5). The molecules are linked by a combination of one N—H...N hydrogen bond and four C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional framework.

Chaphamaparvovirus (CHPV) is a recently characterized genus of the Parvoviridae family whose members can infect different hosts, including bats, which constitute the second most diverse order of mammals and are described worldwide as important transmitters of zoonotic diseases. In this study, we identified a new CHPV in bat samples from the municipality of Santarém (Pará state, North Brazil). A total of 18 Molossus molossus bats were analyzed using viral metagenomics. In five animals, we identified CHPVs. These CHPV sequences presented the genome with a size ranging from 3797 to 4284 bp. Phylogenetic analysis-based nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the VP1 and NS1 regions showed that all CHPV sequences are monophyletic. They are also closely related to CHPV sequences previously identified in bats in southern and southeast Brazil. According to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) classification criteria for this species (the CHPV NS1 gene region must have 85% identity to be classified in the same species), our sequences are likely a new specie within the genus Chaphamaparvovirus, since they have less than 80% identity with other CHPV described earlier in bats. We also make some phylogenetic considerations about the interaction between CHPV and their host. We suggest a high level of specificity of CPHV and its hosts. Thus, the findings contribute to improving information about the viral diversity of parvoviruses and show the importance of better investigating bats, considering that they harbor a variety of viruses that may favor zoonotic events.

Twelve 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-ium salts containing organic anions have been prepared and structurally characterized. The monohydrated benzoate, 4-fluorobenzoate, 4-chlorobenzoate and 4-bromobenzoate salts, C11H17N2O+·C7H5O2−·H2O (I), C11H17N2O+·C7H4FO2−·H2O (II), C11H17N2O+·C7H4ClO2−·H2O (III), and C11H17N2O+·C7H4BrO2−·H2O (IV), respectively, are isomorphous and all exhibit disorder in the 4-methoxyphenyl unit: the components are linked by N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bond to form chains of rings. The unsolvated 2-hydroxybenzoate, pyridine-3-carboxylate and 2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzoate salts, C11H17N2O+·C7H5O3− (V), C11H17N2O+·C6H4NO2− (VI) and C11H17N2O+·C7H3N2O7− (VII), respectively, are all fully ordered: the components of (V) are linked by multiple N—H...O hydrogen bonds to form a chain of rings; those of (VI) are linked into a three-dimensional framework by a combination of N—H...O, C—H...O and C—H...N hydrogen bonds and those of (VII), where the anion has a structure reminiscent of the picrate anion, are linked into a three-dimensional array by N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds. The hydrogensuccinate and hydrogenfumarate salts, C11H17N2O+·C4H5O4− (VIII) and C11H17N2O+·C4H3O3− (IX), respectively, are isomorphous, and both exhibit disorder in the anionic component: N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds link the ions into sheets, which are further linked by C—H...π(arene) interactions. The anion of the hydrogenmaleate salt, C11H17N2O+·C4H3O3− (X), contains a very short and nearly symmetrical O...H...O hydrogen bond, and N—H...O hydrogen bonds link the anions into chains of rings. The ions in the trichloroacetate salt, C11H17N2O+·C2Cl3O2− (XI), are linked into simple chains by N—H...O hydrogen bonds. In the hydrated chloranilate salt, 2C11H17N2O+·C6Cl2O42−·2H2O (XII), which crystallizes as a non-merohedral twin, the anion lies across a centre of inversion in space group P21/n, and a combination of N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds generates complex sheets. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.

Six new 1-aroyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazines have been prepared, using coupling reactions between benzoic acids and N-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine. There are no significant hydrogen bonds in the structure of 1-benzoyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine, C18H20N2O2, (I). The molecules of 1-(2-fluorobenzoyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine, C18H19FN2O2, (II), are linked by two C—H...O hydrogen bonds to form chains of rings, which are linked into sheets by an aromatic π–π stacking interaction. 1-(2-Chlorobenzoyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine, C18H19ClN2O2, (III), 1-(2-bromobenzoyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine, C18H19BrN2O2, (IV), and 1-(2-iodobenzoyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine, C18H19IN2O2, (V), are isomorphous, but in (III) the aroyl ring is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies of 0.942 (2) and 0.058 (2). In each of (III)–(V), a combination of two C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds links the molecules into sheets. A single O—H...O hydrogen bond links the molecules of 1-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine, C18H20N2O3, (VI), into simple chains. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.