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Background: Detection of aneurysms among spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhagic patients is a crucial issue for management. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to compare the findings of 3D-computed tomographic angiography with digital subtraction angiography for detection of aneurysms among spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhagic patients. Methodology: This comparative cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery and Cath Lab of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh in collaboration with private diagnostic centre from September 2013 to February 2015 for a period of six (06) months. Adult patients diagnosed as a case of spontaneous SAH based on clinical features and confirmed by plain CT evidence of subarachnoid blood were included as study cases. Then both CTA and DSA were done in order to detect the cause of bleeding and make a treatment planning. All spiral CTAs were performed on a helical CT-Scan. Four vessels DSA were performed via a femoral approach in DMCH Cath Lab. Result: A total number of 37 patients presented with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage were recruited for this study. CT Angiogram revealed aneurysm in 30(81.08%) patients. AVM found in 02(05.41%) patients and in 5(13.51%) patients CTA was negative for any abnormality. DSA of 37 patients revealed aneurysm in 32(86.49%) patients, AVM in 02(05.41%) patients and negative findings in 03(8.11%) patients. In CT Angiogram 25(67.57%) patients had single aneurysm. In DSA, 27(72.97%) patients had single aneurysm. The mean of the size of the aneurysms in CTA and DSA were in 6.70±3.04 mm and 6.75±2.94 mm (p>0.05). The mean of the neck width of the aneurysms in CTA and DSA were 3.86±2.06 mm and 3.41±1.67 mm (p>0.05). All aneurysm detected in CTA were also revealed in DSA. Conclusion: In conclusion the size, neck width and the location of aneurysm are detected in CTA and DSA equally without any statistical significant difference. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2022;8(2):121-125

Lipomas are benign tumors of adipose tissue consisting of soft, lobulated masses held together with connective tissue and sometimes encapsulated in a thin, fibrous capsule. Lipomas are the most common soft tissue tumor, occurring in 1% of the population. The objective of our study is to present the epidemiological aspects of lipomas in the population of the region of Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, to determine the etiopathogenic aspects, and to describe the modalities of surgical treatment and especially to make a comparison between the lipectomy and liposuction. This study was carried out retrospectively, by collecting, the sex, and the reason for consultation and the location of the lipomas in the patients admitted to our service, over a period of 12 months from April 2021 to May 2022. The age of our patients ranged from 21 to 46 years. The mean age was 35 years and 3 months. We had 20 (74%) women and 7 (26%) men. The sex-ratio men/women were 0, 35. It must be said that many of our patients consulted because they had noticed an abnormal swelling on one part or another of their bodies. Regarding the management of our patients, only 5 benefited from liposuction while 22 patients benefited from a lipectomy. In all patients, the postoperative follow-up was simple with no early complications.

The current study attempted to evaluate the antagonistic activity of compounds isolated and purified from the marine algae Padina arborescens during cultivation. The compounds were collected on a filter, concentrated on ODS columns and separated by HPLC. Two peaks that showed competitive progesterone binding activity with membrane progesterone receptor α (mPRα) were purified. Their physiological activity was further uncovered by in vitro and in vivo oocyte maturation and ovulation-inducing assays using zebrafish. The compounds inhibited the induction of oocyte maturation and ovulation. Moreover, the results showed that the compounds have antagonistic activity against mPRα. The purified compounds with antagonistic activity against mPRα would be considered as new pharmaceutical candidate.

Background: Optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) is commonly used in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) with visual deterioration and visual improvement is observed post operatively in these patients. Objective: Retrospective evaluation of MRI observations in IIH patients who underwent optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) with postoperative visual improvement. Materials and method: Optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) was done in twenty four (24) patients with IIH having severe visual impairment. Post operatively all patients improved in their visual functions. The recorded pre operative MRI (of brain and orbit) of patients were reviewed and evaluated retrospectively. Results: Total number of MRI studied was 24. Male female ratio was 1:11. Posterior globe flattening was found in all 24 (100%) cases. Other findings were horizontal tortuosity of optic nerve (92%), optic nerve head protrusion (87.5%), optic nerve sheath distension (87%), and vertical buckling (62.5%). Ventricular size was normal in 92% cases and slit ventricle was found only in 8% cases. On magnetic resonance venogram (MRV) one sided transverse sinus abnormality was found in 25% cases. There was empty sella in 79% cases, more marked in three cases. Conclusion: The MRI findings in IIH patients with positive post ONSF result are of variable degree and prevalence except posterior globe flattening which was found in all cases. Delta Med Col J. Jul 2020 8(1): 21-27

Oil contamination is a worldwide concern now. However, oil contaminated environment is enriched with microorganisms that can utilize petroleum oil and use hydrocarbon for their growth, nutrition and metabolic activities. In the present study, bacteria present in the oil contaminated soil were isolated by enrichment culture technique using Minimal Salt (MS) media supplemented with diesel oil and burned engine oil as a sole carbon source. The isolated bacteria were characterized by morphological and biochemical tests and identified by molecular tool through cycle sequencing method. Three isolates were morphologically characterized as gram-negative, cocci shaped and 16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed that the isolates are closely related to Pseudomonas sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Enterobacter sp. respectively. Growth condition was optimized at pH 7.0 and temperature 37 °C. All the isolates were susceptible to several antibiotics and they have no antagonistic effect with soil beneficial bacteria. Three isolates were grown in two different concentrations of diesel oil and burned engine oil (4% v/v and 8%, v/v) respectively. Study revealed that with increasing the concentration of diesel oil in the media the growth rate of all the isolates were decreased. In contrast, the growth rates of all the three isolates were increased, with increasing concentration of burned engine oil. In our study, all the isolates showed their degradation efficacy in 4% v/v diesel oil and in 8% v/v burned engine oil. So, our research clearly shows that the isolates could be potentially used for bioremediation purposes for cleaning up petroleum polluted area.

Halochromism or pH sensitivity has tremendous potential for applications in various textile fields, such as protective clothing, wound dressings, etc. Reactive dye is mostly used to colour cotton or other regenerated cellulose fibres due to its better fastness and wide range of hue, from vivid to dull shades. In this research work, an azo-based dichlorotriazine reactive dye was synthesised from H-acid (4-amino-5-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid) and 4-nitroaniline, which incorporates a halochromic behaviour. The change of colour of this dye was evaluated both in the the solution stage and coloured fabric stage in various pH solutions. A visible change of colour with the alteration of pH was observed after dyeing textile fabric with the synthesised dye. However, a significant difference was observed in a few cases with regard to the change of colour with the alteration of pH in the solution stage and coloured fabric stage. The dyed fabric also displayed very good to excellent wash fastness properties. Generally, the reactive dye synthesised in this research demonstrated an obvious change of colour with the alteration of the pH level.

With the surging demand for versatile products with eclectic fabric construction, weaving industries often qualify the standardized denting order with a view to utilize the reeds that are at their ...

Background: Oesophageal varices are abnormally enlarged veins in the tube that connect the throat and esophagus. Such condition occurs most often in people with serious liver diseases. On the other hand, chronic liver disease denotes the disease of the liver which lasts over a period of months or more. The serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) is a formula that is used to assist in determining the etiology of ascites. We don’t have any research-based information regarding the correlation between serum ascites albumin gradient and Oesophageal varices in chronic liver disease. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between serum ascites albumin gradient and Oesophageal varices in chronic liver disease. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Hepatology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2005 to December 2005. In total 50 patients with cirrhosis with ascites with high SAAG values (>1.1 gm/dl) were included as the study people. The age of the patients was 15 to 70 years. Both males and females were included in the study. All data were entered into a personal computer, thoroughly checked for any possible error, and then processed and analyzed by the SPSS program. The significance of the test was tested by the chi-square test. P-value of 2 gm/dl, there were 26 patients. Nine (9) patients (34.2%) of them had small-sized varices, ..........

The suppression of mosquito population is the basic public health aspect to mitigate some deadly diseases such as dengue, chikungunya and zika. Attractive toxic sugar baits are being successfully used to combat the mosquito vectors. In this preliminary study, effects of four different concentrations (0.5%, 0.75%, 1% and 2%) of boric acid were evaluated on the mortality, age and sex of Aedes aegypti in laboratory condition and among those 1% was found to be optimum. The lethal concentration (LC50) of boric acid were determined which is significantly different between male and female, ranged from 0.54 to 20.92, decreasing from 48 h to 72 h. Newly emerged adults were found to be most susceptible compared to 2 weeks and 1 week-old adults (P

Eleven genes, including prss59.1, were selected as candidate ovulation-inducing genes on the basis of microarray analysis and RNA sequencing in our previous study. To address the role of prss59.1, the prss59.1 gene knock-out zebrafish strain is currently being established by genome editing. In this study, for further phenotypic analysis of prss59.1, biochemical characterization of Prss59.1 was conducted using recombinant protein. A C-terminal histidine-tagged version of zebrafish Prss 59.1 was constructed. Although E. coli-produced recombinant Prss59.1 showed almost no activity, peptidase activities appeared after denaturation and renaturation. Zebrafish Prss59.1 showed the highest activity against Lys-MCA. The optimal temperature and pH of the activity toward Lys-MCA were 37 °C and pH 8.0, respectively. The Km value was 0.17 mM. Thus, zebrafish Prss59.1 possesses the closed character of trypsin, as expected from the DNA sequence.

Plasma agriculture is an emerging field. In this report, we studied the effect of medium pressure (~ 10 torr) low-frequency (3–5 kHz) glow discharge (LFGD) plasma on various agronomical and physiological attributes in wheat. Wheat seeds treated by LFGD plasma generated from Argon–Oxygen (Ar + O2) gas mixture and air showed a remarkable enhancement in seed germination by 12.38% and 7.14% respectively. Also, the morpho-physiological features significantly improved due to plasma treatment relative to control. In germinated wheat seedlings, H2O2 concentration markedly increased due to plasma treatments, suggesting that LFGD may be involved in nitrogen signaling in wheat. The SOD activity significantly increased in wheat seedlings subjected to Ar + O2 plasma, while APX activity showed a significant increase only in the shoot of wheat plants in the same condition. Besides, both plasma treatments (Ar + O2 and Air) caused a significant increase in CAT activity in the shoot but not in the root compared to non-treated plants. Analysis of wheat plants germinated from plasma treated seeds showed a notable increase in total soluble sugar and protein subjected to Ar + O2 plasma treatment. Results also revealed a significant increase in TGM, iron, manganese, fat, and ash content while moisture content significantly decreased in wheat grain due to plasma treatments relative to controls. These findings explore the potentialities of LFGD plasma in boosting germination, growth, and nutritional traits of wheat plants.

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign progressive expansile bone lesion that usually involves often located in vertebrae, long tubular bones and flat bones. A small percentage of aneurysmal bone cysts arise from the skull base. Skull base involvement is very rare. Here, we describe a 22-year young man presented with diplopia, right sided facial paresis and right sided sensori-neural hearing loss. CT scan and MRI showed a right petrous apex skull base mass that was confirmed as ABC in histopathology after surgical removal. Journal of Science Foundation, January 2020;18(1):25-28

Due to some intrinsic functional behavior of alginate, many potential applications in the healthcare industry especially in wound care sector are observed. Many researches have been carried out to develop potential biomedical biocompatible products in different forms from alginate fibres. Alginate nanofibres were prepared from sodium alginate polymer with the presence of poly-(ethylene oxide) (PEO), a small amount of Triton ×100 surfactant. A homogeneous spinning solution was prepared for producing Na-alginate/PEO nanofibers in electrospinning device. Nanofibres were produced by electrospinning from 70:30 and 80:20 Na-alginate/PEO of 4% solution. After a series of trials, the electrospinning parameters were optimized at 16 cm working distance, 0.4 mL/h flow rate and 10.5 kV applied voltage. The results show that the 4 wt% of 70:30 Na-alginate/PEO solution with 0.5 wt% Triton × 100 surfactant yielded smooth and stable electrospinning. The surface morphology of the fibres was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and found the uniform fibres with an average diameter of 124 nm containing few thick or spindle-like fibres. FTIR investigation identified the chemical structure and molecular changes that occurred in the fibers.

Quality of language teaching and efficient learning by the learners are much influenced by effective materials. Materials developers also get perplexed to decide which materials will work more; many prefer to adapt or develop their own materials but doing so requires the developers overcome a number of challenges at different stages of materials development: conducting needs analysis, setting aims and objectives, planning, drafting, pre-use assessment, piloting, production, revision and finalization. This qualitative study aims at describing those challenges in depth. Two focus group discussions with fourteen materials developers from eight private universities were conducted to collect data on materials developers' perspectives on the challenges. The findings show that lack of infrastructure and other facilities, interpersonal conflict among the stakeholders, especially the teachers and materials developers, lack of motivation and learners' poor background knowledge beget a number of challenges. It was found that the challenges can be overcome if the stakeholders are little more considerate towards the materials developers and learners' needs. The findings and recommendations provide a) implications for the administrative heads and other stakeholders and b) some guiding principles for the material developers to overcome the challenges and develop effective materials for their learners.