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1. COVID-19-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome in the early pandemic experience in Lombardia (Italy)

Author

Martinelli-Boneschi, F, Colombo, A, Bresolin, N, Sessa, M, Bassi, P, Grampa, G, Magni, E, Versino, M, Ferrarese, C, Zarcone, D, Albanese, A, Micieli, G, Zanferrari, C, Cagnana, A, Ferrante, C, Zilioli, A, Locatelli, D, Calloni, M, Delodovici, M, Pozzato, M, Patisso, V, Bortolan, F, Foresti, C, Frigeni, B, Canella, S, Xhani, R, Crabbio, M, Clemenzi, A, Mauri, M, Beretta, S, La Spina, I, Bernasconi, S, De Santis, T, Cavallini, A, Ranieri, M, D'Adda, E, Fruguglietti, M, Peverelli, L, Agosti, E, Leoni, O, Rigamonti, A, Salmaggi, A, Martinelli-Boneschi F., Colombo A., Bresolin N., Sessa M., Bassi P., Grampa G., Magni E., Versino M., Ferrarese C., Zarcone D., Albanese A., Micieli G., Zanferrari C., Cagnana A., Ferrante C., Zilioli A., Locatelli D., Calloni M. V., Delodovici M. L., Pozzato M., Patisso V., Bortolan F., Foresti C., Frigeni B., Canella S., Xhani R., Crabbio M., Clemenzi A., Mauri M., Beretta S., La Spina I., Bernasconi S., De Santis T., Cavallini A., Ranieri M., D'Adda E., Fruguglietti M. E., Peverelli L., Agosti E., Leoni O., Rigamonti A., Salmaggi A., Martinelli-Boneschi, F, Colombo, A, Bresolin, N, Sessa, M, Bassi, P, Grampa, G, Magni, E, Versino, M, Ferrarese, C, Zarcone, D, Albanese, A, Micieli, G, Zanferrari, C, Cagnana, A, Ferrante, C, Zilioli, A, Locatelli, D, Calloni, M, Delodovici, M, Pozzato, M, Patisso, V, Bortolan, F, Foresti, C, Frigeni, B, Canella, S, Xhani, R, Crabbio, M, Clemenzi, A, Mauri, M, Beretta, S, La Spina, I, Bernasconi, S, De Santis, T, Cavallini, A, Ranieri, M, D'Adda, E, Fruguglietti, M, Peverelli, L, Agosti, E, Leoni, O, Rigamonti, A, Salmaggi, A, Martinelli-Boneschi F., Colombo A., Bresolin N., Sessa M., Bassi P., Grampa G., Magni E., Versino M., Ferrarese C., Zarcone D., Albanese A., Micieli G., Zanferrari C., Cagnana A., Ferrante C., Zilioli A., Locatelli D., Calloni M. V., Delodovici M. L., Pozzato M., Patisso V., Bortolan F., Foresti C., Frigeni B., Canella S., Xhani R., Crabbio M., Clemenzi A., Mauri M., Beretta S., La Spina I., Bernasconi S., De Santis T., Cavallini A., Ranieri M., D'Adda E., Fruguglietti M. E., Peverelli L., Agosti E., Leoni O., Rigamonti A., and Salmaggi A.

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the incidence and describe clinical characteristics and outcome of GBS in COVID-19 patients (COVID19-GBS) in one of the most hit regions during the first pandemic wave, Lombardia. Methods: Adult patients admitted to 20 Neurological Units between 1/3–30/4/2020 with COVID19-GBS were included as part of a multi-center study organized by the Italian society of Hospital Neuroscience (SNO). Results: Thirty-eight COVID19-GBS patients had a mean age of 60.7 years and male frequency of 86.8%. CSF albuminocytological dissociation was detected in 71.4%, and PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was negative in 19 tested patients. Based on neurophysiology, 81.8% of patients had a diagnosis of AIDP, 12.1% of AMSAN, and 6.1% of AMAN. The course was favorable in 76.3% of patients, stable in 10.5%, while 13.2% worsened, of which 3 died. The estimated occurrence rate in Lombardia ranges from 0.5 to 0.05 GBS cases per 1000 COVID-19 infections depending on whether you consider positive cases or estimated seropositive cases. When we compared GBS cases with the pre-pandemic period, we found a reduction of cases from 165 to 135 cases in the 2-month study period in Lombardia. Conclusions: We detected an increased incidence of GBS in COVID-19 patients which can reflect a higher risk of GBS in COVID-19 patients and a reduction of GBS events during the pandemic period possibly due to a lower spread of more common respiratory infectious diseases determined by an increased use of preventive measures.

Published
2023

2. Correction to: COVID‐19‐associated Guillain‐Barré syndrome in the early pandemic experience in Lombardia (Italy) (Neurological Sciences, (2023), 44, 2, (437-446), 10.1007/s10072-022-06429-6)

Author

Martinelli-Boneschi F., Martinelli-Boneschi, F, Colombo, A, Bresolin, N, Sessa, M, Bassi, P, Grampa, G, Magni, E, Versino, M, Ferrarese, C, Zarcone, D, Albanese, A, Micieli, G, Zanferrari, C, Cagnana, A, Ferrante, C, Zilioli, A, Locatelli, D, Calloni, M, Delodovici, M, Pozzato, M, Patisso, V, Bortolan, F, Foresti, C, Frigeni, B, Canella, S, Xhani, R, Crabbio, M, Clemenzi, A, Mauri, M, Beretta, S, La Spina, I, Bernasconi, S, De Santis, T, Cavallini, A, Ranieri, M, D'Adda, E, Fruguglietti, M, Peverelli, L, Agosti, E, Leoni, O, Rigamonti, A, Salmaggi, A, Martinelli-Boneschi F., Colombo A., Bresolin N., Sessa M., Bassi P., Grampa G., Magni E., Versino M., Ferrarese C., Zarcone D., Albanese A., Micieli G., Zanferrari C., Cagnana A., Ferrante C., Zilioli A., Locatelli D., Calloni M. V., Delodovici M. L., Pozzato M., Patisso V., Bortolan F., Foresti C., Frigeni B., Canella S., Xhani R., Crabbio M., Clemenzi A., Mauri M., Beretta S., La Spina I., Bernasconi S., De Santis T., Cavallini A., Ranieri M., D'Adda E., Fruguglietti M. E., Peverelli L., Agosti E., Leoni O., Rigamonti A., Salmaggi A., Martinelli-Boneschi F., Martinelli-Boneschi, F, Colombo, A, Bresolin, N, Sessa, M, Bassi, P, Grampa, G, Magni, E, Versino, M, Ferrarese, C, Zarcone, D, Albanese, A, Micieli, G, Zanferrari, C, Cagnana, A, Ferrante, C, Zilioli, A, Locatelli, D, Calloni, M, Delodovici, M, Pozzato, M, Patisso, V, Bortolan, F, Foresti, C, Frigeni, B, Canella, S, Xhani, R, Crabbio, M, Clemenzi, A, Mauri, M, Beretta, S, La Spina, I, Bernasconi, S, De Santis, T, Cavallini, A, Ranieri, M, D'Adda, E, Fruguglietti, M, Peverelli, L, Agosti, E, Leoni, O, Rigamonti, A, Salmaggi, A, Martinelli-Boneschi F., Colombo A., Bresolin N., Sessa M., Bassi P., Grampa G., Magni E., Versino M., Ferrarese C., Zarcone D., Albanese A., Micieli G., Zanferrari C., Cagnana A., Ferrante C., Zilioli A., Locatelli D., Calloni M. V., Delodovici M. L., Pozzato M., Patisso V., Bortolan F., Foresti C., Frigeni B., Canella S., Xhani R., Crabbio M., Clemenzi A., Mauri M., Beretta S., La Spina I., Bernasconi S., De Santis T., Cavallini A., Ranieri M., D'Adda E., Fruguglietti M. E., Peverelli L., Agosti E., Leoni O., Rigamonti A., and Salmaggi A.

Abstract

The above article was published with error. The affiliation address of the authors Alberto Albanese and Tiziana De Santis has been modified to: “U.O. Neurologia, IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Milan, Italy”.The Original article has been corrected.

Published
2023

3. Acute and Subacute Outcome Predictors in Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Monocentric Study

Author

Gritti, P, Zangari, R, Carobbio, A, Zucchi, A, Lorini, F, Ferri, F, Agostinis, C, Lanterna, L, Brembilla, C, Foresti, C, Barbui, T, Biroli, F, Gritti P, Zangari R, Carobbio A, Zucchi A, Lorini F, Ferri F, Agostinis C, Lanterna LA, Brembilla C, Foresti C, Barbui T, Biroli F., Gritti, P, Zangari, R, Carobbio, A, Zucchi, A, Lorini, F, Ferri, F, Agostinis, C, Lanterna, L, Brembilla, C, Foresti, C, Barbui, T, Biroli, F, Gritti P, Zangari R, Carobbio A, Zucchi A, Lorini F, Ferri F, Agostinis C, Lanterna LA, Brembilla C, Foresti C, Barbui T, and Biroli F.

Abstract

Background: Prognostic factors affecting outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI), despite their importance, are still under discussion. The purpose of this study was to describe risk factors of in-hospital mortality and outcome at 1 year in a homogeneously treated population of patients with moderate/severe TBI. Methods: A total of 193 consecutive patients with moderate or severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score 13–3, including patients with initial GCS score of 13 at high risk for subsequent neurologic deterioration), admitted to the intensive care unit, were retrospectively analyzed. In-hospital mortality and unfavorable outcome at 1 year, based on a Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended score ≤4, were considered as primary and secondary outcomes. Results: At 1 year, unfavorable outcome occurred in 47.2%, including an in-hospital mortality of 19.7%. Increasing age, GCS motor score <3, coagulation disorders, and intracranial hypertension were acute risk factors of in-hospital mortality. In the 155 remaining survivors, Oxford Handicap Scale (OHS), posttraumatic cerebral infarction, cerebrospinal fluid disturbances, and length of intensive care unit stay were associated with unfavorable outcome at 1 year, in univariate analysis. A cutoff OHS score ≥3 discriminated the probability of an unfavorable outcome (area under the curve, 0.87; P < 0.001; specificity, 74%; sensitivity, 84%). Combining the effect of acute and subacute variables in a multivariate analysis, increasing age and OHS score were independent predictors of outcome. Conclusions: The results of this retrospective study confirmed age as the main acute risk factor and identified OHS as new potential subacute predictor of unfavorable outcome in moderate and severe TBI.

Published
2019

4. INTEREST IN CD2, a global patient-centred study of long-term cervical dystonia treatment with botulinum toxin

Author

Misra, Vijay P., Colosimo, Carlo, Charles, David, Chung, Tae Mo, Maisonobe, Pascal, Om, Savary, Abdulnayef, A., Adatepe, N. U., Araujo Leite, M. A., Badarny, S., Bajenaru, O., Bares, M., Bejjani, P., Bergmans, B., Bhidayasiri, R., Bozic, H., Cardoso Costa, F. E., Carlstrom, C., Castelnovo, G., Chang, M. H., Chang, Y. Y., Coletti-Moja, M., Delvaux, V., Dioszhegy, P., Dogu, O., Duzynski, W., Ehler, E., Espinosa Sierra, L., Fabbrini, G., Ferreira, J., Ferreira Valadas, A., Foresti, C., Girlanda, P., Goh, K. J., Graca Velon, A., Grill, S., Gurevitch, T., Hadidi, M., Hamimed, M. A., Hamri, A., Harrower, T., Hassin, S., Hedera, P., Hernandez, J. F. J. G., Hernandez Franco, J., Ho, B., Ho, S. L., Hughes, A., Ilic, T., Inshasi, J. S., Ip, C. W., Jamieson, S., Jamora, R. D. G., Jech, R., Jeon, B. S., Kaminska, A., Karpova, M., Khasanova, D., Kim, J. M., Kim, J. W., Kok, C. Y., Korenko, A., Korv, J., Koussa, S., Kovacs, T., Kreisler, A., Krystkowiak, P., Kumthornthip, W., Lin, C. H., Lundin, F., Lus, G., Magalhaes, M., Masmoudi, A. N., Mercelis, R., Misbahuddin, A., Moebius, C., Mohammadi, B., Nazem, B., Ng, K., Nurlu, G., Nyberg, J., Nyholm, D., Ochudlo, S., Otruba, P., Pfister, R., Pirtosek, Z., Pokhabov, D., Quinones Aguilar, S., Quinones Canales, G., Raghev, S., Rickmann, H., Romano, M., Rosales, R. L., Rubanovits, I., Santilli, V., Schoels, L., Simonetta-Moreau, M., Simu, M. A., Sohn, Y. H., Soulayrol, S., Supe, I., Svetel, M., Sycha, T., Tan, E. K., Timerbaeva, S., Tokcaer, A. B., Trosch, R., Tugnoli, V., Tumas, V., van der Linden, C., Vetra, A., Vial, C., Vidry, E., Williams, D., Wimalaratna, S., Yiannikas, C., Misra, Vijay P., Colosimo, Carlo, Charles, David, Chung, Tae Mo, Maisonobe, Pascal, Om, Savary, Abdulnayef, A., Adatepe, N. U., Araujo Leite, M. A., Badarny, S., Bajenaru, O., Bares, M., Bejjani, P., Bergmans, B., Bhidayasiri, R., Bozic, H., Cardoso Costa, F. E., Carlstrom, C., Castelnovo, G., Chang, M. H., Chang, Y. Y., Coletti-Moja, M., Delvaux, V., Dioszhegy, P., Dogu, O., Duzynski, W., Ehler, E., Espinosa Sierra, L., Fabbrini, G., Ferreira, J., Ferreira Valadas, A., Foresti, C., Girlanda, P., Goh, K. J., Graca Velon, A., Grill, S., Gurevitch, T., Hadidi, M., Hamimed, M. A., Hamri, A., Harrower, T., Hassin, S., Hedera, P., Hernandez, J. F. J. G., Hernandez Franco, J., Ho, B., Ho, S. L., Hughes, A., Ilic, T., Inshasi, J. S., Ip, C. W., Jamieson, S., Jamora, R. D. G., Jech, R., Jeon, B. S., Kaminska, A., Karpova, M., Khasanova, D., Kim, J. M., Kim, J. W., Kok, C. Y., Korenko, A., Korv, J., Koussa, S., Kovacs, T., Kreisler, A., Krystkowiak, P., Kumthornthip, W., Lin, C. H., Lundin, F., Lus, G., Magalhaes, M., Masmoudi, A. N., Mercelis, R., Misbahuddin, A., Moebius, C., Mohammadi, B., Nazem, B., Ng, K., Nurlu, G., Nyberg, J., Nyholm, D., Ochudlo, S., Otruba, P., Pfister, R., Pirtosek, Z., Pokhabov, D., Quinones Aguilar, S., Quinones Canales, G., Raghev, S., Rickmann, H., Romano, M., Rosales, R. L., Rubanovits, I., Santilli, V., Schoels, L., Simonetta-Moreau, M., Simu, M. A., Sohn, Y. H., Soulayrol, S., Supe, I., Svetel, M., Sycha, T., Tan, E. K., Timerbaeva, S., Tokcaer, A. B., Trosch, R., Tugnoli, V., Tumas, V., van der Linden, C., Vetra, A., Vial, C., Vidry, E., Williams, D., Wimalaratna, S., and Yiannikas, C.

Subjects
Male, Neurology, SATISFACTION, International Cooperation, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, Botulinum toxin, Observational study, Tremor, Epidemiology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cervical dystonia, Botulinum Toxins, Type A, Torticollis, Neuroradiology, BLEPHAROSPASM, education.field_of_study, Original Communication, INTEREST IN CD2 study group, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Neuromuscular Agents, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Clinical Neurology, DIAGNOSIS, 03 medical and health sciences, Patient satisfaction, Neurology (clinical), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, education, Aged, Science & Technology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Electromyography, GUIDANCE, business.industry, 1103 Clinical Sciences, medicine.disease, NEUROTOXIN, REGISTRY, UPDATE, Neurosciences & Neurology, 1109 Neurosciences, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Longitudinal cohort studies provide important information about the clinical effectiveness of an intervention in the routine clinical setting, and are an opportunity to understand how a population presents for treatment and is managed. Methods INTEREST IN CD2 (NCT01753349) is a prospective, international, 3-year, longitudinal, observational study following the course of adult idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD) treated with botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A). The primary objective is to document long-term patient satisfaction with BoNT-A treatment. Here we report baseline data. Results This analysis includes 1036 subjects (67.4% of subjects were female; mean age was 54.7 years old; mean TWSTRS Total score was 31.7). BoNT-A injections were usually given in line with BoNT-A prescribing information. The most commonly injected muscles were splenius capitis (87.3%), sternocleidomastoid (82.6%), trapezius (64.3%), levator scapulae (40.9%) and semispinalis capitis (26.9%); 35.5% of subjects were injected using a guidance technique. Most subjects (87.8%) had been previously treated with BoNT-A (median interval between last pre-study injection and study baseline was 4 months); of these 84.8% reported satisfaction with BoNT-A treatment at peak effect during their previous treatment cycle and 51.5% remained satisfied at the end of the treatment. Analyses by geographical region revealed heterogeneity in the clinical characteristics and BoNT-A injection practice of CD subjects presenting for routine treatment. Conclusions These baseline analyses provide sizeable data regarding the epidemiology and clinical presentation of CD, and demonstrate an international heterogeneity of clinical practice. Future longitudinal analyses of the full 3-year study will explore how these factors impact treatment satisfaction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00415-017-8698-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2017

7. How satisfied are cervical dystonia patients after 3 years of botulinum toxin type A treatment? Results from a prospective, long-term observational study

Author

Colosimo, C, Charles, D, Misra, VP, Maisonobe, P, Om, S, Abdulnayef, A, Adatepe, NU, Leite, AMA, Badarny, S, Bajenaru, O, Bares, M, Bejjani, P, Bergmans, B, Bhidayasiri, R, Bozic, H, Costa, CFE, Carlstrom, C, Castelnovo, G, Chang, MH, Chang, YY, Chung, TM, Coletti-Moja, M, Delvaux, V, Dioszhegy, P, Dogu, O, Duzynski, W, Ehler, E, Sierra, EL, Fabbrini, G, Ferreira, J, Valadas, FA, Foresti, C, Girlanda, P, Goh, KJ, Velon, GA, Grill, S, Gurevitch, T, Hadidi, M, Hamimed, MA, Hamri, A, Harrower, T, Hassin, S, Hedera, P, Hernandez, JFJG, Franco, HJ, Ho, B, Ho, SL, Hughes, A, Ilic, T, Inshasi, JS, Ip, CW, Jamieson, S, Jamora, RDG, Jech, R, Jeon, BS, Kaminska, A, Karpova, M, Khasanova, D, Kim, JM, Kim, JW, Kok, CY, Korenko, A, Korv, J, Koussa, S, Kovacs, T, Kreisler, A, Krystkowiak, P, Kumthornthip, W, Lin, CH, Lundin, F, Lus, G, Magalhaes, M, Masmoudi, AN, Mercelis, R, Misbahuddin, A, Moebius, C, Mohammadi, B, Nazem, B, Ng, K, Nurlu, G, Nyberg, J, Nyholm, D, Ochudlo, S, Otruba, P, Pfister, R, Pirtosek, Z, Pokhabov, D, Aguilar, QS, Canales, QG, Raghev, S, Rickmann, H, Romano, M, Rosales, RL, Rubanovits, I, Santilli, V, Schoels, L, Simonetta-Moreau, M, Ma, S, Sohn, YH, Soulayrol, S, Supe, I, Svetel, M, Sycha, T, Tan, EK, Timerbaeva, S, Tokcaer, AB, Trosch, R, Tugnoli, V, Tumas, V, Van der Linden, C, Vetra, A, Vial, C, Vidry, E, Williams, D, Wimalaratna, S, and Yiannikas, C

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, Neurology, SATISFACTION, Botulinum toxin, Cervical dystonia, Observational study, Satisfaction, Treatment, 0302 clinical medicine, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Prospective Studies, Botulinum Toxins, Type A, Torticollis, Neuroradiology, BLEPHAROSPASM, INTEREST IN CD2 study group, Middle Aged, Neuromuscular Agents, Patient Satisfaction, SAFETY, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MEDLINE, Clinical Neurology, Treatment results, DIAGNOSIS, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, medicine, Humans, Aged, Science & Technology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, business.industry, Correction, 1103 Clinical Sciences, medicine.disease, EFFICACY, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology (clinical), Neurosciences & Neurology, business, FOLLOW-UP, 1109 Neurosciences, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Botulinum toxin type
Abstract

Background Patients with cervical dystonia (CD) typically require regular injections of botulinum toxin to maintain symptomatic control. We aimed to document long-term patient satisfaction with CD symptom control in a large cohort of patients treated in routine practice. Methods This was a prospective, international, observational study (NCT01753349) following the course of adult CD treated with botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) over 3 years. A comprehensive clinical assessment status was performed at each injection visit and subjects reported satisfaction in two ways: satisfaction with symptom control at peak effect and at the end of treatment cycle. Results Subject satisfaction remained relatively stable from the first to the last injection visit. At 3 years, 89.9% of subjects reported satisfaction with symptom control at peak effect and 55.6% reported satisfaction with symptom control at end of treatment cycle. By contrast, objective ratings of CD severity showed an overall reduction over 3 years. Mean ± SD Toronto Western Spasmodic Rating Scale (TWSTRS) Total scores (clinician assessed at end of treatment cycle) decreased from 31.59 ± 13.04 at baseline to 24.49 ± 12.43 at 3 years (mean ± SD reduction from baseline of − 6.97 ± 11.56 points). Tsui scale scores also showed gradual improvement; the percent of subjects with a tremor component score of 4 reduced from 12.4% at baseline to 8.1% at 3 years. Conclusions Despite objective clinical improvements over 3 years, subject satisfaction with symptom control remained relatively constant, indicating that factors other than symptom control also play a role in patient satisfaction.

Published
2019

10. Neurophysiology of the pelvic floor in clinical practice: a systematic literature review

Author

Osio M, Luca Maderna, Morini A, Emanuela Onesti, Foresti C, Cogiamanian F, Bianchi F, Maurizio Inghilleri, Antonio Currà, de Scisciolo G, Caramelli R, Frasca, Giovanna Squintani, Del Carro U, Ardolino G, Barbieri S, Romano Mc, Laura Bertolasi, Motti L, Bana C, and Frasson E

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, 030232 urology & nephrology, Context (language use), Clinical neurophysiology, Spinal Cord Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Muscular Diseases, Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory, electromyography, evoked potentials, neurophysiology, pelvic floor, sacral reflex, medicine, Humans, Pelvic floor, Electromyography, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Cauda equina, Pelvic Floor, General Medicine, Articles, Neurophysiology, Conus medullaris, body regions, medicine.anatomical_structure, Systematic review, Italy, Somatosensory evoked potential, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Neurophysiological testing of the pelvic floor is recognized as an essential tool to identify pathophysiological mechanisms of pelvic floor disorders, support clinical diagnosis, and aid in therapeutic decisions. Nevertheless, the diagnostic value of these tests in specific neurological diseases of the pelvic floor is not completely clarified. Seeking to fill this gap, the members of the Neurophysiology of the Pelvic Floor Study Group of the Italian Clinical Neurophysiology Society performed a systematic review of the literature to gather available evidence for and against the utility of neurophysiological tests. Our findings confirm the utility of some tests in specific clinical conditions [e.g. concentric needle electromyography, evaluation of sacral reflexes and of pudendal somatosensory evoked potentials (pSEPs) in cauda equina and conus medullaris lesions, and evaluation of pSEPs and perineal sympathetic skin response in spinal cord lesions], and support their use in clinical practice. Other tests, particularly those not currently supported by high-level evidence, when employed in individual patients, should be evaluated in the overall clinical context, or otherwise used for research purposes.

Published
2018

14. Multicenter study report: electrophysiological monitoring procedures for subthalamic deep brain stimulation surgery in Parkinson's disease

Author

Marceglia, S., Mrakic Sposta, S., Tommasi, Giorgio, Bartolomei, L., Foresti, C., Valzania, F., Galati, S., Stefani, A., Tamma, F., Priori, A., DBS Study Group of The Italian Neurological Society, Marceglia, S, Mrakic-Sposta, S, Tommasi, G, Bartolomei, L, Foresti, C, Valzania, F, Galati, S, Stefani, A, Tamma, F, and Priori, A

Subjects
Parkinson's disease, Neurology, Deep Brain Stimulation, medicine.medical_treatment, Stimulation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Subthalamic Nucleus, Electrodes, Implanted, Humans, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Algorithms, Electric Impedance, Electrophysiology, Electric Stimulation, Parkinson Disease, Monitoring, Intraoperative, Microelectrodes, Stereotaxic Techniques, Deep brain stimulation, Intraoperative monitoring, Microrecordings, Neurology (clinical), Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2708, Medicine (all), Tomography, Neuroradiology, Intraoperative, General Medicine, X-Ray Computed, Algorithm, surgical procedures, operative, Subthalamic Nucleu, Microelectrode, Parkinson’s disease, Stereotaxic Technique, Settore MED/26 - Neurologia, Neurosurgery, therapeutics, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Monitoring, Dermatology, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Electrodes, business.industry, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, Surgery, nervous system, Multicenter study, Microrecording, Implanted, business
Abstract

Despite the wide diffusion of subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) for Parkinson's disease, systematic practical recommendations for intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring are still lacking. In this paper, a shared protocol for intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring arising from the meetings of a panel of neurophysiologists of the DBS Study Group of the Italian Neurological Society is proposed. Intraoperative monitoring is composed by microrecordings and functional stimulation. In microrecordings, it is recommended to use at least 2-3 electrodes, descending with steps of 0.5-1 mm and waiting at least 60 s before changing the position. Functional stimulation is used to assess the clinical efficacy and the side effects induced by STN-DBS at different positions. Based on the therapeutic window, an algorithm to find the optimal target is proposed. The procedures for intraoperative monitoring for STN-DBS proposed here are safe, relatively cheap, take approximately 30-40 min per side and could offer valuable additional information to the surgeon.

Published
2010

21. A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicentre study of acetyl l-carnitine in the symptomatic treatment of antiretroviral toxic neuropathy in patients with HIV-1 infection

Author

Youle, M, Osio, M, Cassetti, I, Bologna, R, Zala, C, Losso, M, Lourtau, Defanti, Ca, Causarano, Ir, Di Palma, F, Landonio, S, Muscia, F, Scarpini, E, De Riz, M, Porazzi, D, La Spina, I, Ubiali, E, Foresti, C, Pastore, G, Maggi, P, Colomba, A, Fundarò, S, Pizzigallo, E, D'Alessandro, M, Dini, M, Cingolati, M, Di Gregorio, P, Bollo, M, Patti, Francesco, Pantò, G, Calvani, M, Iannuccelli, M, Levy, I, Burke, M, Werner, B, Portegies, P, Weber, J, Sharma, R, Wilkins, E, Bonnington, A, Johnson, M, and Sabin, C.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, Visual analogue scale, Population, Administration, Oral, Pain, HIV Infections, Placebo, Injections, Intramuscular, law.invention, Polyneuropathies, Double-Blind Method, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), education, Pain Measurement, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Health Policy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Toxic neuropathy, Infectious Diseases, McGill Pain Questionnaire, Anesthesia, HIV-1, Clinical Global Impression, Female, Acetylcarnitine, business, Polyneuropathy
Abstract

Background Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) disrupt neuronal mitochondrial DNA synthesis, resulting in antiretroviral toxic neuropathy (ATN). Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALCAR) enhances neurotrophic support of sensory neurones, potentially providing symptom relief and nerve regeneration. Objective The objective of the study was to assess the safety and efficacy compared to placebo of intramuscular ALCAR in HIV-positive patients with symptomatic distal symmetrical polyneuropathy. Methods Ninety patients were enrolled and randomized to receive ALCAR [500 mg twice a day (bid); n=43] or placebo (n=47) intramuscularly twice daily for 14 days followed by 42 days of oral ALCAR 1000 mg bid. Assessment of pain was obtained using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Total Symptom Score (TSS), Clinical Global Impression of Change, McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and the need for rescue analgesics. Results There was no statistically significant difference in changes in VAS over 14 days between groups for the intent-to-treat (ITT) population, but for the efficacy-evaluable (EE) population ALCAR treatment produced a significantly greater reduction in pain compared with placebo (P=0.022). The proportion of patients with an improvement in TSS over 14 days was greater in the ALCAR group compared with the placebo group, but the differences were not statistically significant. During the open-label phase, patients experienced an improvement in pain, as measured by the VAS, TSS and McGill Pain Questionnaire. Conclusion ALCAR, administered twice a day intramuscularly to HIV-1-infected patients with symptomatic ATN, significantly reduced weekly mean pain ratings on the VAS compared with placebo. Treatment with oral ALCAR improved symptoms for the patient group as a whole. Intramuscular and oral ALCAR was generally safe and well tolerated.

Published
2007

22. 78. Diagnostic accuracy of neurophysiological tests (EEG and SEP) in comatose patients after cardiac arrest: Protocol presentation of Italian Multicentric Study (ProNeCA)

Author

Amantini, A., Audenino, D., Callegarini, C., Carrai, R., Celani, M.G., Di Capua, M., Donato, F., Foresti, C., Lanteri, P., Lombardi, M., Madera, L., Marelli, A., Megarelli, S., Minardi, C., Minicucci, F., Monetti, C., Montalenti, E., Motti, Osio, M., Piazza, O., Politini, L., Ricci, F., Rota, E., Scarpino, M., Spalletti, M., Valzania, F., Vitelli, E., Costa, P., and Grippo, A.

Published
2016
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26. Study of the urban evolution of Brasilia with the use of LANDSAT data

Author

Deoliveira, M. D. N, Foresti, C, Niero, M, and Parreiras, E. M. D. F

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

The urban growth of Brasilia within the last ten years is analyzed with special emphasis on the utilization of remote sensing orbital data and automatic image processing. The urban spatial structure and the monitoring of its temporal changes were focused in a whole and dynamic way by the utilization of MSS-LANDSAT images for June 1973, 1978 and 1983. In order to aid data interpretation, a registration algorithm implemented at the Interactive Multispectral Image Analysis System (IMAGE-100) was utilized aiming at the overlap of multitemporal images. The utilization of suitable digital filters, combined with the images overlap, allowed a rapid identification of areas of possible urban growth and oriented the field work. The results obtained permitted an evaluation of the urban growth of Brasilia, taking as reference the proposed stated for the construction of the city.

Published
1984

27. Application of LANDSAT data to the study of urban development in Brasilia

Author

Parada, N. D. J, Deoliveira, M. D. L. N, Foresti, C, Niero, M, and Parreira, E. M. D. M. F

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

The urban growth of Brasilia within the last ten years is analyzed with special emphasis on the utilization of remote sensing orbital data and automatic image processing. The urban spatial structure and the monitoring of its temporal changes were examined in a whole and dynamic way by the utilization of MSS-LANDSAT images for June (1973, 1978 and 1983). In order to aid data interpretation, a registration algorithm implemented in the Interactive Multispectral Image Analysis System (IMAGE-100) was utilized aiming at the overlap of multitemporal images. The utilization of suitable digital filters, combined with the images overlap, allowed a rapid identification of areas of possible urban growth and oriented the field work. The results obtained in this work permitted an evaluation of the urban growth of Brasilia, taking as reference the proposal stated for the construction of the city in the Pilot Plan elaborated by Lucio Costa.

Published
1984

28. The use of an image registration technique in the urban growth monitoring

Author

Parada, N. D. J, Foresti, C, Deoliveira, M. D. L. N, Niero, M, and Parreira, E. M. D. M. F

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

The use of an image registration program in the studies of urban growth is described. This program permits a quick identification of growing areas with the overlap of the same scene in different periods, and with the use of adequate filters. The city of Brasilia, Brazil, is selected for the test area. The dynamics of Brasilia urban growth are analyzed with the overlap of scenes dated June 1973, 1978 and 1983. The results showed the utilization of the image registration technique for the monitoring of dynamic urban growth.

Published
1984

29. Urban land use of the Sao Paulo metropolitan area by automatic analysis of LANDSAT data

Author

Parada, N. D. J, Niero, M, and Foresti, C

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

The separability of urban land use classes in the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo was studied by means of automatic analysis of MSS/LANDSAT digital data. The data were analyzed using the media K and MAXVER classification algorithms. The land use classes obtained were: CBD/vertical growth area, residential area, mixed area, industrial area, embankment area type 1, embankment area type 2, dense vegetation area and sparse vegetation area. The spectral analysis of representative samples of urban land use classes was done using the "Single Cell" analysis option. The classes CBD/vertical growth area, residential area and embankment area type 2 showed better spectral separability when compared to the other classes.

Published
1983

30. The use of LANDSAT data to monitor the urban growth of Sao Paulo Metropolitan area

Author

Dejesusparada, N, Niero, M, Lombardo, M. A, and Foresti, C

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

Urban growth from 1977 to 1979 of the region between Billings and the Guarapiranga reservoir was mapped and the problematic urban areas identified using several LANDSAT products. Visual and automatic interpretation techniques were applied to the data. Computer compatible tapes of LANDSAT multispectral scanner data were analyzed through the maximum likelihood Gaussian algorithm. The feasibility of monitoring fast urban growth by remote sensing techniques for efficient urban planning and control is demonstrated.

Published
1982

31. Method of interpretation of remotely sensed data and applications to land use

Author

Parada, N. D. J, Dossantos, A. P, Foresti, C, Demoraesnovo, E. M. L, Niero, M, and Lombardo, M. A

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

Instructional material describing a methodology of remote sensing data interpretation and examples of applicatons to land use survey are presented. The image interpretation elements are discussed for different types of sensor systems: aerial photographs, radar, and MSS/LANDSAT. Visual and automatic LANDSAT image interpretation is emphasized.

Published
1981

32. Land use surveys by means of automatic interpretation of LANDSAT system data

Author

Dejesusparada, N, Lombardo, M. A, Novo, E. M. L. D, Niero, M, and Foresti, C

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

Analyses for seven land-use classes are presented. The classes are: urban area, industrial area, bare soil, cultivated area, pastureland, reforestation, and natural vegetation. The automatic classification of LANDSAT MSS data using a maximum likelihood algorithm shows a 39% average error of emission and a 3.45 error of commission for the seven classes.

Published
1981

33. Brazilian Satellite Remote Sensing program selected recent applications

Author

Dejesusparada, N, Novaes, R. A, Sausen, T. M, Barbosa, M. N, Aguirre, J. L. B, Menezes, P. R, Paradella, W, Mattos, J. T, Maluf, S, Lombardo, M. A, Niero, M, Novo, E. M. L. D, and Foresti, C

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

Applications in the areas of agronomy, geology, oceanography, geography, environment and cartography are presented. A brief description of the Brazilian program is also given.

Published
1981

34. Land use in the Paraiba Valley through remotely sensed data

Author

Dejesusparada, N, Lombardo, M. A, Novo, E. M. L. D, Niero, M, and Foresti, C

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

A methodology for land use survey was developed and land use modification rates were determined using LANDSAT imagery of the Paraiba Valley (state of Sao Paulo). Both visual and automatic interpretation methods were employed to analyze seven land use classes: urban area, industrial area, bare soil, cultivated area, pastureland, reforestation and natural vegetation. By means of visual interpretation, little spectral differences are observed among those classes. The automatic classification of LANDSAT MSS data using maximum likelihood algorithm shows a 39% average error of omission and a 3.4% error of inclusion for the seven classes. The complexity of land uses in the study area, the large spectral variations of analyzed classes, and the low resolution of LANDSAT data influenced the classification results.

Published
1980

36. LANDSAT (MSS): Image demographic estimations

Author

Dejesusparada, N and Foresti, C

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

The author has identified the following significant results. Two sets of urban test sites, one with 35 cities and one with 70 cities, were selected in the State, Sao Paulo. A high degree of colinearity (0.96) was found between urban and areal measurements taken from aerial photographs and LANDSAT MSS imagery. High coefficients were observed when census data were regressed against aerial information (0.95) and LANDSAT data (0.92). The validity of population estimations was tested by regressing three urban variables, against three classes of cities. Results supported the effectiveness of LANDSAT to estimate large city populations with diminishing effectiveness as urban areas decrease in size.

Published
1977

40. Multicenter study report: electrophysiological monitoring procedures for subthalamic deep brain stimulation surgery in Parkinson's disease.

Author

Marceglia S, Mrakic-Sposta S, Tommasi G, Bartolomei L, Foresti C, Valzania F, Galati S, Stefani A, Tamma F, Priori A, Marceglia, Sara, Mrakic-Sposta, Simona, Tommasi, Giorgio, Bartolomei, Luigi, Foresti, Camillo, Valzania, Franco, Galati, Salvatore, Stefani, Alessandro, Tamma, Filippo, and Priori, Alberto

Abstract

Despite the wide diffusion of subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) for Parkinson's disease, systematic practical recommendations for intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring are still lacking. In this paper, a shared protocol for intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring arising from the meetings of a panel of neurophysiologists of the DBS Study Group of the Italian Neurological Society is proposed. Intraoperative monitoring is composed by microrecordings and functional stimulation. In microrecordings, it is recommended to use at least 2-3 electrodes, descending with steps of 0.5-1 mm and waiting at least 60 s before changing the position. Functional stimulation is used to assess the clinical efficacy and the side effects induced by STN-DBS at different positions. Based on the therapeutic window, an algorithm to find the optimal target is proposed. The procedures for intraoperative monitoring for STN-DBS proposed here are safe, relatively cheap, take approximately 30-40 min per side and could offer valuable additional information to the surgeon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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41. Remote Sensing Data Applied to Land Use Survey at the Paraiba Valley

Author

Lombardo, M. A., Evlyn Novo, Niero, M., and Foresti, C.

Abstract

The objective of this study is to develop a methodology for land-use survey and to determine the land-use modification rates using data of LANDSAT system. The Paraiba Valley (state of Sao Paulo) was selected as test site. Both visual and automatic interpretation methods were employed to analyze seven land-use classes. They are: urban area, industrial area, bare soil, cultivated area, pastureland, reforestation and natural vegetation. By means of visual interpretation it is observed little spectral differences among those classes. The automatic classification of LANDSAT MSS data using maximum likelihood algorithm shows a 39% average error of omission and a 3,4% error of comission for the seven classes. The classification results were under the influences of the complexity of land-uses in the study area, the large spectral variations of analyzed classes and the low resolution of LANDSAT data.

Published
1981

42. The Use of LANDSAT Data to Monitor the Urban Growth of Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area

Author

INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS SAO JOSE DOS CAMPOS (BRAZIL), Niero,M., Foresti,C., Lombardo,M. A., INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS SAO JOSE DOS CAMPOS (BRAZIL), Niero,M., Foresti,C., and Lombardo,M. A.

Abstract

The urban growth monitoring of Sao Paulo Metropolitan region has been done by conventional techniques which involve a high cost sistematic control. On the other hand, the orbital remote sensing allows a continuous land use control at lower cost. For being under governmental control the region located between Billings and Guarapirange reservoirs was chosen as test site for monitoring urban growth through LANDSAT data. Mapping the urban growth over the period from 1977 to 1979 and identifying the problematic urban areas with several LANDSAT products constitute the basic aims of this work. Visual and automatic interpretation techniqes were applied to the data. Computer compatible tapes (CCT) of LANDSAT multispectral scanner data were analyzed through the Maximum Likelihood Gaussian algorithm. The results pointed out the feasible monitoring of fast urban growth by remote sensing techniques leading to an efficient urban planning and control., This article is from 'Papers Selected for Presentation at the International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment (16th) Held at Buenos Aires, Argentina on 2-9 June 1982. Volume 2,' AD-A134 720. p905-914.

Published
1982

44. Neurologic manifestations in 1760 COVID-19 patients admitted to Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy

Author

Marco Arosio, Manlio Sgarzi, Dario Alimonti, C. Foresti, Riccardo Riva, Barbara Frigeni, Nicola Rifino, Giorgia Camera, Annapaola Callegaro, Bruno Censori, Martina Viganò, Simonetta Gerevini, Stefano Quadri, Emanuela Agazzi, Marcella Vedovello, Tania Partziguian, Benedetta Storti, Virginio Bonito, Maria Cristina Servalli, Marta Zaffira Conti, Maria Grimoldi, Maria Sessa, Elisabetta Venturelli, Sara La Gioia, Rifino, N, Censori, B, Agazzi, E, Alimonti, D, Bonito, V, Camera, G, Conti, M, Foresti, C, Frigeni, B, Gerevini, S, Grimoldi, M, La Gioia, S, Partziguian, T, Quadri, S, Riva, R, Servalli, M, Sgarzi, M, Storti, B, Vedovello, M, Venturelli, E, Viganò, M, Callegaro, A, Arosio, M, and Sessa, M

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, ARDS, Neurology, Clinical Neurology, Cerebrovascular diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Myelopathy, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cerebrovascular disease, Retrospective Studies, Neuroradiology, Peripheral neuropathies, Infectious disease, Original Communication, business.industry, Altered mental status, COVID-19, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Hospitals, Venous thrombosis, Peripheral neuropathie, medicine.anatomical_structure, Italy, Peripheral nervous system, RNA, Viral, Infectious diseases, Altered mental statu, Neurology (clinical), Nervous System Diseases, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Encephalitis
Abstract

Objectives: Evidences from either small series or spontaneous reporting are accumulating that SARS-CoV-2 involves the Nervous Systems. The aim of this study is to provide an extensive overview on the major neurological complications in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients. Methods: Retrospective, observational analysis on all COVID-19 patients admitted from February 23rd to April 30th, 2020 to ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy for whom a neurological consultation/neurophysiological assessment/neuroradiologic investigation was requested. Each identified neurologic complication was then classified into main neurologic categories. Results: Of 1760 COVID-19 patients, 137 presented neurologic manifestations that manifested after COVID-19 symptoms in 98 pts and was the presenting symptom in 39. Neurological manifestations were classified as: (a) cerebrovascular disease [53 pts (38.7%)] including 37 ischemic and 11 haemorrhagic strokes, 4 transient ischemic attacks, 1 cerebral venous thrombosis; (b) peripheral nervous system diseases [31 (22.6%)] including 17 Guillain–Barrè syndromes; (c) altered mental status [49 (35.8%)] including one necrotizing encephalitis and 2 cases with RT-PCR detection of SARS-Cov-2 RNA in CSF; (d) miscellaneous disorders, among whom 2 patients with myelopathy associated with Ab anti-SARS-CoV-2 in CSF. Patients with peripheral nervous system involvement had more frequently severe ARDS compared to patients with cerebrovascular disease (87.1% vs 42%; difference = 45.1% 95% CI 42.0–48.2; χ2= 14.306; p < 0.0002) and with altered mental status (87.1% vs 55.6%; difference = 31.5% 95% CI 27.5–37.5%; χ2= 7.055; p < 0.01). Conclusion: This study confirms that involvement of nervous system is common in SARS-CoV-2 infection and offers clinicians useful information for prevention and prompt identification in order to set the adequate therapeutic strategies.

Published
2020

45. Somatotopic organization of STN and DBS implications in Parkinson’s disease - A case report of a woman 'halved' by DBS stimulation

Author

Dario Alimonti, O. Manara, C. Foresti, M. Sessa, R. Donati, Alimonti, D, Donati, R, Foresti, C, Manara, O, and Sessa, M

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Parkinson's disease, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Biophysics, Stimulation, medicine.disease, DBS, somatotopic, STN, Parkinson's Disease, lcsh:RC321-571, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Neurology (clinical), business, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Published
2020

46. Guillain-Barré syndrome and COVID-19: an observational multicentre study from two Italian hotspot regions

Author

Giovanni De Maria, Francesca Castellani, Gabriella Zara, Barbara Frigeni, Stefano Gazzina, Giuseppe Natalini, Maurizio Osio, Francesco Palmerini, Alessandro Padovani, Enrico Marchioni, Pietro Emiliano Doneddu, Eugenio Magni, Sabrina Ravaglia, Frank Rasulo, C. Foresti, Andrea Bellomo, Maria Cotelli, Marinella Carpo, Laura Broglio, Eduardo Nobile-Orazio, Anna Maria Perotti, Chiara Briani, Ubaldo Del Carro, Massimo Filippi, Giuseppe Cosentino, Stefano Cotti Piccinelli, Antonino Uncini, Andrea Rasera, Raffaella Fazio, Gian Maria Fabrizi, Giovanna Squintani, Elena Grappa, Loris Poli, Ugo Leggio, Valeria Bertasi, Sergio Ferrari, Nicola Latronico, Francesca Caprioli, Maria Sessa, Laura Bertolasi, Massimiliano Filosto, Francesca Bianchi, Federico Ranieri, Giuseppe Scopelliti, Maria Cristina Servalli, Filosto, M., Cotti Piccinelli, S., Gazzina, S., Foresti, C., Frigeni, B., Servalli, M. C., Sessa, M., Cosentino, G., Marchioni, E., Ravaglia, S., Briani, C., Castellani, F., Zara, G., Bianchi, F., Del Carro, U., Fazio, R., Filippi, M., Magni, E., Natalini, G., Palmerini, F., Perotti, A. M., Bellomo, A., Osio, M., Scopelliti, G., Carpo, M., Rasera, A., Squintani, G., Doneddu, P. E., Bertasi, V., Cotelli, M. S., Bertolasi, L., Fabrizi, G. M., Ferrari, S., Ranieri, F., Caprioli, F., Grappa, E., Broglio, L., De Maria, G., Leggio, U., Poli, L., Rasulo, F., Latronico, N., Nobile-Orazio, E., Padovani, A., and Uncini, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Clinical Neurology, GBS, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), 030212 general & internal medicine, Referral and Consultation, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Guillain-Barre syndrome, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Incidence, GBS increased incidence, GBS, Guillain Barrè Syndrome, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Outbreak, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Guillain Barrè Syndrome, Intensive care unit, SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, Hospitalization, Psychiatry and Mental health, Blood pressure, Italy, Neuromuscular, Cohort, Female, Observational study, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

ObjectiveSingle cases and small series of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) have been reported during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak worldwide. We evaluated incidence and clinical features of GBS in a cohort of patients from two regions of northern Italy with the highest number of patients with COVID-19.MethodsGBS cases diagnosed in 12 referral hospitals from Lombardy and Veneto in March and April 2020 were retrospectively collected. As a control population, GBS diagnosed in March and April 2019 in the same hospitals were considered.ResultsIncidence of GBS in March and April 2020 was 0.202/100 000/month (estimated rate 2.43/100 000/year) vs 0.077/100 000/month (estimated rate 0.93/100 000/year) in the same months of 2019 with a 2.6-fold increase. Estimated incidence of GBS in COVID-19-positive patients was 47.9/100 000 and in the COVID-19-positive hospitalised patients was 236/100 000. COVID-19-positive patients with GBS, when compared with COVID-19-negative subjects, showed lower MRC sum score (26.3±18.3 vs 41.4±14.8, p=0.006), higher frequency of demyelinating subtype (76.6% vs 35.3%, p=0.011), more frequent low blood pressure (50% vs 11.8%, p=0.017) and higher rate of admission to intensive care unit (66.6% vs 17.6%, p=0.002).ConclusionsThis study shows an increased incidence of GBS during the COVID-19 outbreak in northern Italy, supporting a pathogenic link. COVID-19-associated GBS is predominantly demyelinating and seems to be more severe than non-COVID-19 GBS, although it is likely that in some patients the systemic impairment due to COVID-19 might have contributed to the severity of the whole clinical picture.

Published
2020

47. Acute and Subacute Outcome Predictors in Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Monocentric Study

Author

Cristina Agostinis, Ferdinando Luca Lorini, Carlo Brembilla, Tiziano Barbui, Alessandra Carobbio, Rosalia Zangari, Camillo Foresti, Luigi A. Lanterna, Francesco Ferri, Alberto Zucchi, Francesco Biroli, Paolo Gritti, Gritti, P, Zangari, R, Carobbio, A, Zucchi, A, Lorini, F, Ferri, F, Agostinis, C, Lanterna, L, Brembilla, C, Foresti, C, Barbui, T, and Biroli, F

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Outcome (game theory), law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Medicine, Hospital Mortality, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Age Factors, Cerebral Infarction, Blood Coagulation Disorders, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Intensive care unit, Intensive Care Units, Italy, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Traumatic brain injury, Population, Outcome predictive factors (acute and subacute), 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Increasing age, Neurologic deterioration, Humans, Moderate and severe TBI, Glasgow Coma Scale, education, Motor score, Aged, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Length of Stay, medicine.disease, Oxford Handicap Scale (OHS), Logistic Models, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), Intracranial Hypertension, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background: Prognostic factors affecting outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI), despite their importance, are still under discussion. The purpose of this study was to describe risk factors of in-hospital mortality and outcome at 1 year in a homogeneously treated population of patients with moderate/severe TBI. Methods: A total of 193 consecutive patients with moderate or severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score 13–3, including patients with initial GCS score of 13 at high risk for subsequent neurologic deterioration), admitted to the intensive care unit, were retrospectively analyzed. In-hospital mortality and unfavorable outcome at 1 year, based on a Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended score ≤4, were considered as primary and secondary outcomes. Results: At 1 year, unfavorable outcome occurred in 47.2%, including an in-hospital mortality of 19.7%. Increasing age, GCS motor score

Published
2019

48. NAC61 regulates late- and post-ripening osmotic, oxidative, and biotic stress responses in grapevine.

Author

Foresti C, Orduña L, Matus JT, Vandelle E, Danzi D, Bellon O, Tornielli GB, Amato A, and Zenoni S

Subjects
Transcription Factors genetics, Transcription Factors metabolism, Gene Expression Profiling, Stress, Physiological, Oxidative Stress, Fruit metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Stilbenes metabolism, Vitis metabolism
Abstract

During late- and post-ripening stages, grape berry undergoes profound biochemical and physiological changes whose molecular control is poorly understood. Here, we report the role of NAC61, a grapevine NAC transcription factor, in regulating different processes involved in berry ripening progression. NAC61 is highly expressed during post-harvest berry dehydration and its expression pattern is closely related to sugar concentration. The ectopic expression of NAC61 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves resulted in low stomatal conductance, high leaf temperature, tissue collapse and a higher relative water content. Transcriptome analysis of grapevine leaves transiently overexpressing NAC61 and DNA affinity purification and sequencing analyses allowed us to narrow down a list of NAC61-regulated genes. Direct regulation of the stilbene synthase regulator MYB14, the osmotic stress-related gene DHN1b, the Botrytis cinerea susceptibility gene WRKY52, and NAC61 itself was validated. We also demonstrate that NAC61 interacts with NAC60, a proposed master regulator of grapevine organ maturation, in the activation of MYB14 and NAC61 expression. Overall, our findings establish NAC61 as a key player in a regulatory network that governs stilbenoid metabolism and osmotic, oxidative, and biotic stress responses that are the hallmark of late- and post-ripening grape stages., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.)

Published
2024
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49. The transcription factor VviNAC60 regulates senescence- and ripening-related processes in grapevine.

Author

D'Incà E, Foresti C, Orduña L, Amato A, Vandelle E, Santiago A, Botton A, Cazzaniga S, Bertini E, Pezzotti M, Giovannoni JJ, Vrebalov JT, Matus JT, Tornielli GB, and Zenoni S

Subjects
Phylogeny, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Transcriptome, Gene Expression Profiling, Fruit metabolism, Plant Proteins metabolism, Transcription Factors genetics, Transcription Factors metabolism, Vitis physiology
Abstract

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most widely cultivated fruit crops because the winemaking industry has huge economic relevance worldwide. Uncovering the molecular mechanisms controlling the developmental progression of plant organs will prove essential for maintaining high-quality grapes, expressly in the context of climate change, which impairs the ripening process. Through a deep inspection of transcriptomic data, we identified VviNAC60, a member of the NAC transcription factor family, as a putative regulator of grapevine organ maturation. We explored VviNAC60 binding landscapes through DNA affinity purification followed by sequencing and compared bound genes with transcriptomics datasets from grapevine plants stably and transiently overexpressing VviNAC60 to define a set of high-confidence targets. Among these, we identified key molecular markers associated with organ senescence and fruit ripening. Physiological, metabolic, and promoter activation analyses showed that VviNAC60 induces chlorophyll degradation and anthocyanin accumulation through the upregulation of STAY-GREEN PROTEIN 1 (VviSGR1) and VviMYBA1, respectively, with the latter being upregulated through a VviNAC60-VviNAC03 regulatory complex. Despite sharing a closer phylogenetic relationship with senescence-related homologs to the NAC transcription factor AtNAP, VviNAC60 complemented the nonripening(nor) mutant phenotype in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), suggesting a dual role as an orchestrator of both ripening- and senescence-related processes. Our data support VviNAC60 as a regulator of processes initiated in the grapevine vegetative- to mature-phase organ transition and therefore as a potential target for enhancing the environmental resilience of grapevine by fine-tuning the duration of the vegetative phase., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society of Plant Biologists.)

Published
2023
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50. Correction to: COVID‑19‑associated Guillain‑Barré syndrome in the early pandemic experience in Lombardia (Italy).

Author

Martinelli-Boneschi F, Colombo A, Bresolin N, Sessa M, Bassi P, Grampa G, Magni E, Versino M, Ferrarese C, Zarcone D, Albanese A, Micieli G, Zanferrari C, Cagnana A, Ferrante C, Zilioli A, Locatelli D, Calloni MV, Delodovici ML, Pozzato M, Patisso V, Bortolan F, Foresti C, Frigeni B, Canella S, Xhani R, Crabbio M, Clemenzi A, Mauri M, Beretta S, La Spina I, Bernasconi S, De Santis T, Cavallini A, Ranieri M, D'Adda E, Fruguglietti ME, Peverelli L, Agosti E, Leoni O, Rigamonti A, and Salmaggi A

Published
2023
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