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455 results on '"Food and Rural Development"'

1. Applying manure on perennial forage.

Author

Atia, Atta, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Atia, Atta, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Fertilizers, Forage plants, Manures
Published
2006

2. Commercial echinacea production /

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Kaulbars, Chris, King, Carolyn, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Kaulbars, Chris, and King, Carolyn

Subjects
Echinacea (Plants)
Published
2005

3. Bison handling facilities /

Author

Hauer, Gerald, Helbig, Larissa, Orey, Dave, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Hauer, Gerald, Helbig, Larissa, Orey, Dave, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Behavior, Bison, Bison farming, Equipment and supplies, Facilities, Handling
Published
2005

4. Glyphosate residues in Alberta's atmospheric deposition, soils and surface waters

Author

Humphries, Dave, Byrtus, Gary, Anderson, Anne-Marie, 1952, Alberta. Alberta Environment, Alberta Research Council, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Library, Humphries, Dave, Byrtus, Gary, Anderson, Anne-Marie, 1952, Alberta. Alberta Environment, Alberta Research Council, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Acid deposition, Alberta, Effect of glyphosate on, Environmental aspects, Glyphosate, Herbicides, Soils, Water
Published
2005

5. Pruning in Alberta /

Author

Tucker, Stuart C., Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Tucker, Stuart C., and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Handbooks, manuals, etc, Ornamental trees, Ornamental woody plants, Pruning
Published
2004

6. Silage manual.

Author

Aasen, Arvid, Bjorge, Myron, Macauley, Allan, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Aasen, Arvid, Bjorge, Myron, Macauley, Allan, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Handbooks, manuals, etc, Prairie Provinces, Silage
Published
2004

7. Establishing native plant communities /

Author

Bietz, Jeanie, Sinton, Heather, Smreciu, Elizabeth Ann, 1955, Walker, D. G. (David G.), Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Bietz, Jeanie, Sinton, Heather, Smreciu, Elizabeth Ann, 1955, Walker, D. G. (David G.), and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Botany, Plant ecology, Revegetation
Published
2003

8. Commercial greenhouse tomato production in Alberta /

Author

Calpas, James, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Calpas, James, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Diseases and pests, Greenhouse management, Greenhouse plants, Tomatoes
Published
2003

9. Commercial greenhouse production in Alberta /

Author

Calpas, James, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Calpas, James, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Design and construction, Environmental engineering, Greenhouse management, Greenhouses, Handbooks, manuals, etc
Published
2002

10. Commercial greenhouse bell pepper production in Alberta /

Author

Calpas, James, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Calpas, James, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Bell pepper, Diseases and pests, Greenhouse management, Greenhouse plants, Sweet peppers
Published
2002

11. Alberta Fusarium graminearum management plan /

Author

Ali, Shaffeek, Calpas, James, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Ali, Shaffeek, Calpas, James, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Diseases and pests, Fusarium diseases of plants, Grain, Wheat fusarium culmorum head blight
Published
2002

12. Fresh fruit & vegetable pre-cooling : for market gardeners in Alberta /

Author

Kienholz, John, Edeogu, Ike, Kaulbars, Chris, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Kienholz, John, Edeogu, Ike, Kaulbars, Chris, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Fruit, Postharvest technology, Precooling, Refrigeration and refrigerating machinery, Truck farming, Vegetables
Published
2002

13. A guide to the animal parasites of Albertan fishes /

Author

Arai, Hisao P., 1926, Kennedy, Murray J., Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Arai, Hisao P., 1926, Kennedy, Murray J., and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Fishes, Parasites
Published
2000

14. Weeds of the prairies /

Author

Bubar, Carol J., Hall, Linda M., McColl, Susan J., Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Bubar, Carol J., Hall, Linda M., McColl, Susan J., and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Prairie Provinces, Weeds
Published
2000

15. Kleskun Hill Natural Area management plan.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Environment, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and Alberta. Alberta Environment

Subjects
Alberta, Conservation of natural resources, Ecological surveys, Kleskun Hill Natural Area, Kleskun Hill Natural Area (Alta.), Natural areas, Public lands
Published
2000

16. Market assessment of the native plant industry in Western Canada /

Author

Woosaree, Jay, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Environment, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Woosaree, Jay, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and Alberta. Alberta Environment

Subjects
Canada, Native plant industry, Surveys
Published
2000

17. Alberta yards & gardens /

Author

Barkley, Shelley, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Barkley, Shelley, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Gardening, Handbooks, manuals, etc, Herbs, Plants, Ornamental, Vegetables
Published
1999

18. Growing native plants of western Canada : common grasses & wildflowers /

Author

Pahl, M. D., Smreciu, Elizabeth Ann, 1955, Alberta Research Council, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Pahl, M. D., Smreciu, Elizabeth Ann, 1955, Alberta Research Council, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Botany, Canada, Western, Grasses, Native plants for cultivation, Wild flowers
Published
1999

19. How herbicides work : biology to application /

Author

Hall, Linda, Beckie, Hugh, Wolf, Thomas M., Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Hall, Linda, Beckie, Hugh, Wolf, Thomas M., and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Herbicides
Published
1999

20. Summary : northeast region benchmark program results 1992-1997 /

Author

Downing, David J., Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Environmental Protection Services, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Downing, David J., Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and Alberta. Environmental Protection Services

Subjects
Alberta, Range management, Rangelands, Sampling
Published
1999

21. Special crops conference : opportunities and profits II into the 21st century /

Author

Special Crops Conference Edmonton, Alta.) 1998, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Special Crops Product Team, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Special Crops Conference Edmonton, Alta.) 1998, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and Alberta. Special Crops Product Team

Subjects
Agriculture, Alberta, Congresses, New crops
Published
1998

22. Wildlife corridor and habitat patch guidelines for the Bow Valley /

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Environmental Protection, Bow Corridor Ecosystem Advisory Group, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Environmental Protection, and Bow Corridor Ecosystem Advisory Group

Subjects
Alberta, Bow River Valley (Alta.), Bow Valley, Canmore Region (Alta.), Ecosystem management, Wildlife habitat improvement, Wildlife management
Published
1998

23. Wainwright Dunes Ecological Reserve management plan.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Environmental Protection, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and Alberta. Alberta Environmental Protection

Subjects
Alberta, Ecological reserves, Natural areas, Sand dunes, Wainwright Dunes Ecological Reserve (Alta.), Wainwright region
Published
1998

24. Rumsey Ecological Reserve management plan.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Environmental Protection, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and Alberta. Alberta Environmental Protection

Subjects
Alberta, Ecological reserves, Natural areas, Rumsey Ecological Reserve (Alta.), Rumsey Region
Published
1998

25. 1994 livestock field investigations of two ranches associated with a pipeline break /

Author

Mostrom, M. S., Campbell, C. A. J., Alberta Research Council, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Mostrom, M. S., Campbell, C. A. J., Alberta Research Council, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Cattle, Effect of oil spills on, Environmental aspects, Gas industry, Health, Livestock, Petroleum industry and trade, Veterinary toxicology
Published
1998

26. An introduction to swath grazing in Western Canada.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food

Subjects
Beef cattle, Canada, Western, Feeding and feeds, Grazing, Management
Published
1998

27. Common winter annual weeds in Alberta /

Author

Cuthbertson, Edith, Hall, Linda M. (Linda May), 1952, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Cuthbertson, Edith, Hall, Linda M. (Linda May), 1952, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Identification, Plants, Weeds
Published
1997

28. Weed seedling guide.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Identification, Seedlings, Weeds
Published
1996

29. Backyard pest management in Alberta : diseases, insects, weeds.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Control, Garden pests, Insect pests, Pests, Plant diseases, Weeds
Published
1994

30. Negotiating cow lease arrangements /

Author

Vaillancourt, Gerard, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Farm Business Management Branch, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Vaillancourt, Gerard, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and Alberta. Farm Business Management Branch

Subjects
Alberta, Beef cattle, Contracts, Agricultural, Cow-calf system, Economic aspects
Published
1994

31. Field shelterbelts for soil conservation /

Author

Timmermans, John Gylbert, 1952, Casement, Brendan, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Timmermans, John Gylbert, 1952, Casement, Brendan, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Soil conservation, Tree planting, Windbreaks, shelterbelts, etc
Published
1993

32. Corrals for handling beef cattle /

Author

Borg, Robert, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Borg, Robert, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Cattle pens, Corrals, Housing, Livestock
Published
1993

33. Alberta barley production survey /

Author

McLelland, Murray B., Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Field Crop Development Centre, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), McLelland, Murray B., Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and Alberta. Field Crop Development Centre

Subjects
Alberta, Barley, Economic aspects
Published
1992

34. Alberta ... beekeepers' survey results.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development. Statistics & Data Development Unit and University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org)

Subjects
Alberta, Bee culture, Statistics
Published
1999

35. Crop protection.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture and Food, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org)

Subjects
Agricultural pests, Alberta, Control, Handbooks, manuals, etc, Periodicals, Pesticides, Pests, Phytopathogenic microorganisms, Plants, Protection of, Weeds
Published
1999

36. Annual report of production and sales for ... /

Author

Alberta Dairy Control Board, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, and University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org)

Subjects
Alberta, Alberta Dairy Control Board, Dairy products, Dairying, Periodicals, Statistics
Published
1994

37. Crop protection with chemicals.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, and University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org)

Subjects
Agricultural pests, Alberta, Control, Handbooks, manuals, etc, Plants, Protection of, Weeds
Published
1992

38. Alberta forage manual.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, and Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development

Subjects
Alberta, Forage plants
Published
1981

39. Cost analysis of egg production in Alberta.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, and University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org)

Subjects
Alberta, Costs, Eggs, Production
Published
1983

40. Proceedings of the annual Alberta Soil Science Workshop.

Author

Alberta Soil Science Workshop, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Agronomy Unit, University of Alberta. Department of Soil Science, and University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org)

Subjects
Conference papers and proceedings, Congresses, Soils

41. Alberta ... specialty crop survey results.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development. Statistics & Data Development Unit and University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org)

Subjects
Alberta, Field crops, Periodicals, Statistics

42. Agri-news.

Author

Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Alberta. Alberta Agriculture, and University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org)

Subjects
Agriculture, Alberta, Periodicals

43. Effect of dietary phytase supplementation on greenhouse gas emissions from soil after swine manure application

Author

Canada Research Chairs, Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Yitbarek, A., López, Secundino, Tenuta, Mario, Asgedom, H., France, J., Nyachoti, C. M., Kebreab, E., Canada Research Chairs, Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Yitbarek, A., López, Secundino, Tenuta, Mario, Asgedom, H., France, J., Nyachoti, C. M., and Kebreab, E.

Abstract

Effects of supplementing swine diets with phytase on manure composition and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soil after manure application were investigated. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomised 3 × 2 × 2 factorial design, with three manure treatments (no manure, manure from unsupplemented diet and manure from phytase supplemented), two soils (Carman and Gunton sandy loam soils from Southern Manitoba, Canada) and two moisture levels (low and high moisture with 0.50 and 0.80 water-filled pore space, respectively). Gas emissions were greater (P < 0.05) from high than from low moisture soils. Manure addition increased CO and NO emissions. When applied to high moisture soils, CO emission was increased and that of NO decreased when phytase manure was applied compared with non-phytase manure. Methane emission was not affected by manure addition or by type of manure applied. Inorganic N remaining in soil at the end of the experiment was greater with phytase than with non-phytase manure application. Plant extractable P concentrations in soil were reduced with phytase manure, probably due to lower total P added with the manure. For a successful dietary strategy to reduce GHG from manure, a good understanding of the soil properties that influence emissions becomes necessary. Supplementation of swine diets with phytase contributes to reduce disposal of P and N in manure, but has a limited effect on GHG emissions from manure amended soils. Emission of NO may be reduced using manure from piglets fed phytase supplemented diets to fertilise high moisture soils.

Published
2017

44. Development of a farm-level greenhouse gas assessment: Identification of knowledge gaps and development of a science plan

Author

Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development and University of Alberta

Subjects
whole farm systems, energy management, greenhouse gases, emissions, land use, crop management, emission reduction, soil management, livestock management
Abstract

An Alberta?wide greenhouse gas (GHG) forum was held in March 2000, during which consensus was reached by representatives of the agriculture industry, the scientific community, and government that comprehensive on?farm GHG emission assessments were necessary if agricultural producers and processors were to reduce their GHG emissions – they have to know where and how much GHG they are emitting before they can reduce them. Before the possibility of on?farm GHG assessments can be conducted, a review of the scientific literature is required. In 2001, an in depth review of the scientific literature was initiated to gather, evaluate and synthesize agricultural GHG research for the Prairie region. The first chapter of the report summarizes the state of knowledge of agricultural GHG research and identifies preliminary gaps in our knowledge. This chapter was peer reviewed by scientific experts across Canada who were brought together in a workshop format to discuss their findings. The workshop participants prioritized the gaps with respect to urgency and impact. The identification of knowledge gaps helped lay the foundation for the Agricultural GHG Science Plan (chapter 3), which prioritized research in the areas of soils and crops, livestock, land use and energy and whole farm systems. In addition, an Alberta?based Agricultural GHG Inventory was updated (chapter 2) for 2001. All three sections of this report clearly identify agricultural GHG research gaps and recommend there is currently not enough information available to produce on? farm assessments that will accurately reflect the GHG emissions of a typical farm within a reasonable range of error. Alberta Agricultural Research Institute and Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development

Published
2003

45. Evidence of a relationship between autolysis of starter bacteria and lipolysis in Cheddar cheese during ripening

Author

Department of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Teagasc, Collins, Yvonne F., McSweeney, Paul L.H., Wilkinson, Martin G., Department of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Teagasc, Collins, Yvonne F., McSweeney, Paul L.H., and Wilkinson, Martin G.

Abstract

peer-reviewed, Cell viability, autolysis and lipolysis were studied in Cheddar cheese made using Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris AM2 or Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris HP. Cheddar cheese was made in triplicate over a 3 month period and ripened for 238 days at 8 8C. Cell viability in cheese was lower for AM2 (a non-bitter strain) than for strain HP (a bitter strain). Autolysis, monitored by the level of the intracellular marker enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) in cheese ‘juice’ extracted by hydraulic pressure, was much greater in the cheese made using AM2 than that made with HP. Lipolysis was determined by the increase during ripening of individual free fatty acids (FFA) from butyric (C4 :0) to linolenic acid (C18 : 3) measured using a high performance liquid chromatographic technique. Levels of individual FFA from butyric (C4 : 0) to linolenic (C18 : 3) acids increased significantly (P<0.05) during ripening in cheeses made with either starter culture. Palmitic (C16 : 0) and oleic (C18 : 1) acids were the most abundant FFA throughout ripening in all cheeses. Levels of caprylic (C8 : 0), myristic (C14 : 0), palmitic (C16 : 0) and stearic (C18 : 0) acids were significantly higher (P<0.05) in cheeses manufactured with Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris AM2 than in cheeses manufactured with Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris HP. Differences in levels of lipolysis between strains was not due to differences in the specific lipolytic or esterolytic activities in cell free extracts of the strains as measured by activity on triolein (lipase) and p-nitrophenylbutyrate (esterase) substrates. Therefore, evidence is provided for a relationship between the extent of starter cell autolysis and the level of lipolysis during Cheddar cheese ripening.

46. Genetically modified animals from life-science, socio-economic and ethical perspectives: examining issues in an EU policy context

Author

Lynn J. Frewer, Gijs Kleter, Louis-Marie Houdebine, Arnout R.H. Fischer, Cristina Mora, Kate Millar, Brian Salter, Mary Brennan, David Coles, Food and Society Group, Centre for Rural Economy, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University [Newcastle], RIKILT – Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), ood and Society Group, Centre for Rural Economy, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Marketing and Consumer Behaviour Group, Biologie du développement et reproduction (BDR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Centre for Applied Bioethics, School of Biosciences, Veterinary Medicine and Science Building, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Global Biopolitics Research Group, Department of Political Economy, King‘s College London, European Seventh programme 226465, European Project: 267216, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Biologie du Développement et Reproduction (BDR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Parma, École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR)

Subjects
Marketing and Consumer Behaviour, Process (engineering), Identity (social science), Bioengineering, Context (language use), WASS, 050905 science studies, human health, Nutrition Policy, 12. Responsible consumption, Animals, Genetically Modified, 03 medical and health sciences, BU Authenticity & Bioassays, Animal welfare, xenotransplantation, Animals, Humans, Environmental impact assessment, Bioethical Issues, European Union, Animal Husbandry, Public engagement, Policy Making, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, consumer acceptance, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, milk, Public economics, business.industry, food, 05 social sciences, pigs, General Medicine, crops, Biotechnology, Futures studies, BU Authenticiteit & Bioassays, Agriculture, Marktkunde en Consumentengedrag, 0509 other social sciences, gm animals, business, biotechnology, engagement
Abstract

The interdisciplinary EC consortium (the PEGASUS project) aimed to examine the issues raised by the development, implementation and commercialisation of genetically modified (GM) animals, and derivative foods and pharmaceutical products. The results integrated existing social (including existing public perception) environmental and economic knowledge regarding GM animals to formulate policy recommendations relevant to new developments and applications. The use of GM in farmed animals (aquatic, terrestrial and pharmaceutical) was mapped and reviewed. A foresight exercise was conducted to identity future developments. Three case studies (aquatic, terrestrial and pharmaceutical) were applied to identify the issues raised, including the potential risks and benefits of GM animals from the perspectives of the production chain (economics and agri-food sector) and the life sciences (human and animal health, environmental impact, animal welfare and sustainable production). Ethical and policy concerns were examined through application of combined ethical matrix method and policy workshops. The case studies were also used to demonstrate the utility of public engagement in the policy process. The results suggest that public perceptions, ethical issues, the competitiveness of EU animal production and risk-benefit assessments that consider human and animal health, environmental impact and sustainable production need to be considered in EU policy development. Few issues were raised with application in the pharmaceutical sector, assuming ethical and economic issues were addressed in policy, but the introduction of agricultural GM animal applications should be considered on a case-by-case basis.

Published
2013
Full Text
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47. Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin

Author

G. Desir, José María Senciales-González, Patricio Cid, Álvaro Gómez-Gutiérrez, Luis Merino-Martín, Carla Ferreira, Tíscar Espigares, Miguel A. Campo-Bescós, Albert Solé-Benet, Asunción Romero-Díaz, Julián Martínez-Fernández, Damien Raclot, Damià Vericat, Agata Novara, María Martínez-Mena, C. Le Bouteiller, Encarnación V. Taguas, Francesca Todisco, Antonio Canatário-Duarte, Luciano Mateos, Francesc Gallart, José Andrés López-Tarazón, Susana Bernal, Emmanouil A. Varouchakis, Y. Le Bissonnais, Mariano Moreno-de las Heras, Noemí Lana-Renault, A. Zabaleta, Dhais Peña-Angulo, M. Mercedes Taboada-Castro, Lea Wittenberg, Ramon J. Batalla, Vito Ferro, Susanne Schnabel, Xavier Úbeda, Victor Castillo, Matija Zorn, José Carlos González-Hidalgo, Ramón Bienes, Juan Albaladejo, M.T. Taboada-Castro, Feliciana Licciardello, C. Marín, V. Simonneaux, Óscar González-Pelayo, George P. Karatzas, H. Barhi, Roberto Lázaro, E. Roose, Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, Joan Estrany, Julián Campo, Elvira Díaz-Pereira, José Luis Rubio, Sébastien Klotz, Artemio Cerdà, Javier Casalí, Vicente Andreu, Helena Gómez-Macpherson, Nicolle Mathys, Yolanda Cantón, Estela Nadal-Romero, Teodoro Lasanta, Nicola Cortesi, Orestis Kairis, Rafael Giménez, Maria Jose Marques, María Fernández-Raga, A. Cheggour, José Damián Ruiz-Sinoga, Vincenzo Pampalone, José A. Gómez, Vincenzo Bagarello, Paloma Hueso-Gonzalez, José M. Nicolau, Ana Lucía, N. Moustakas, Costas Kosmas, M. L. Rodríguez-Blanco, Jérôme Latron, E. Gimeno, Juan F. Martínez-Murillo, Govern de les Illes Balears, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Universidad de Lleida, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales (IUCA), Departamento de Geografía, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE), Soil and Water Conservation Research Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, Desertification Research Centre, Department of Environmental Quality and Soils, CIDE-CSIC, Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts de Tunisie (INRGREF), Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Faculty of Forest Sciences and Natural Resources, Universidad Austral de Chile, RIUS, Fluvial Dynamics Research Group, University of Lleida (UL), Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Departamento Investigación Aplicada y Extensión Agraria, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), ISFOOD Institute, Department of Projects and Rural Engineering, Universidad Pública de Navarra, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Center for GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering (GEOBIOTEC), Universidade da Beira Interior, Department of Agronomy (Soil Science Area), University of Almeria, Department of Geography, Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Université de Valence, Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (LANGEBIO), Maize Genetics and Genomics Lab, CINVESTAV, Department of Earth Sciences, Centro Nacional de Supercomputación, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Unidad de Ecología, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH), Department of Geography, Mediterranean Ecogeomorphological and Hydrological Connectivity Research Team (MEDhyCON), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Department of Applied Chemistry and Physics, University of Leon, College of Agriculture, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society (CERNAS), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences [Palermo], Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Instituto de Agricultura, INTERRA Research Institute, University of Extremadura, Department of Environment and Planning, Earth Surface Processes Team (ESP) Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Department of Natural Resources Management and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Université Grenoble Alpes (COMUE) (UGA), Area of Physical Geography, DCH, Universidad de la Rioja, Experimental Station of Arid Zones (EEZA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [ Madagascar])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Department of Geography, Mediterranean Ecogeomorphological and Hydrological Connectivity Research Team (MEDhyCON) Hydrol Connect Res, Dept Geog, Palma De Mallorca 07122, Spain, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science [Potsdam], University of Potsdam, Faculty of Sciences, Center for Applied Geosciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Instituto Hispano Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias, Universidad de Salamanca, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut d'Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Valéry (Montpellier 3), Université de Montpellier (UM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Bolivie]), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Faculty of Sciences, Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), Physical Geography, Trier University, Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], UMR Eco&Sols, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ETSIAM Campus Rabanales, Universidad de Cordoba, Department of Agriculture-Food and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Departamento de Geografía, Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterrània, University of Barcelona, Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Nairobi (UoN), Science and Technology Faculty, Hydro-Environmental Processes Research Group, University of the Basque Country (University of the Basque Country), Geographical Institute, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (ZRC SAZU), MINECO-FEDER [CGL2014-52135-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569-R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, PCIN-2017-061/AEI], Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MEC [RYC-2013-14371, RYC-2010-06264], Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports, Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation [SFRH/BPD/120093/2016], Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract from the MEC [IJCI-2015-26463], Vicenc Mut postdoctoral fellowship from the Autonomous Balearic Government [CAIB PD/038/2016], Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia [2014 SGR 645], CERCA Programme, COST action CONNECTEUR [ES1306], University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologìa = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [Zaragoza] (IPE - CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis] (IRESA), Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Universidade de Aveiro, Universitat de València (UV), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible - Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS CSIC), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Toulouse (UT), Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Pena-Angulo D., Nadal-Romero E., Gonzalez-Hidalgo J.C., Albaladejo J., Andreu V., Bagarello V., Barhi H., Batalla R.J., Bernal S., Bienes R., Campo J., Campo-Bescos M.A., Canatario-Duarte A., Canton Y., Casali J., Castillo V., Cerda A., Cheggour A., Cid P., Cortesi N., Desir G., Diaz-Pereira E., Espigares T., Estrany J., Fernandez-Raga M., Ferreira C.S.S., Ferro V., Gallart F., Gimenez R., Gimeno E., Gomez J.A., Gomez-Gutierrez A., Gomez-Macpherson H., Gonzalez-Pelayo O., Hueso-Gonzalez P., Kairis O., Karatzas G.P., Klotz S., Kosmas C., Lana-Renault N., Lasanta T., Latron J., Lazaro R., Le Bissonnais Y., Le Bouteiller C., Licciardello F., Lopez-Tarazon J.A., Lucia A., Marin C., Marques M.J., Martinez-Fernandez J., Martinez-Mena M., Martinez-Murillo J.F., Mateos L., Mathys N., Merino-Martin L., Moreno-de las Heras M., Moustakas N., Nicolau J.M., Novara A., Pampalone V., Raclot D., Rodriguez-Blanco M.L., Rodrigo-Comino J., Romero-Diaz A., Roose E., Rubio J.L., Ruiz-Sinoga J.D., Schnabel S., Senciales-Gonzalez J.M., Simonneaux V., Sole-Benet A., Taguas E.V., Taboada-Castro M.M., Taboada-Castro M.T., Todisco F., Ubeda X., Varouchakis E.A., Vericat D., Wittenberg L., Zabaleta A., Zorn M., Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia (IPE), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Runoff, Erosion, Mediterranean basin, Sediment yield, Synoptic weather types, 0207 environmental engineering, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Hydrology (agriculture), Erosão, Produção de sedimentos, Escoamento, Bacia Mediterrânica, Soil retrogression and degradation, ddc:550, 020701 environmental engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, Sediment, Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Spatial variability, Soil conservation, Surface runoff
Abstract

Este artículo contiene 16 páginas, 6 figuras, 2 tablas., Soil degradation by water is a serious environmental problem worldwide, with specific climatic factors being the major causes. We investigated the relationships between synoptic atmospheric patterns (i.e. weather types, WTs) and runoff, erosion and sediment yield throughout the Mediterranean basin by analyzing a large database of natural rainfall events at 68 research sites in 9 countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify spatial relationships of the different WTs including three hydro-sedimentary variables: rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield (SY, used to refer to both soil erosion measured at plot scale and sediment yield registered at catchment scale). The results indicated 4 spatial classes of rainfall and runoff: (a) northern sites dependent on North (N) and North West (NW) flows; (b) eastern sites dependent on E and NE flows; (c) southern sites dependent on S and SE flows; and, finally, (d) western sites dependent on W and SW flows. Conversely, three spatial classes are identified for SY characterized by: (a) N and NE flows in northern sites (b) E flows in eastern sites, and (c) Wand SW flows in western sites. Most of the rainfall, runoff and SY occurred during a small number of daily events, and just a few WTs accounted for large percentages of the total. Our results confirm that characterization by WT improves understanding of the general conditions under which runoff and SY occur, and provides useful information for understanding the spatial variability of runoff, and SY throughout the Mediterranean basin. The approach used here could be useful to aid of the design of regional water management and soil conservation measures., This research was supported by projects funded by the MINECOFEDER: CGL2014-52135-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569- R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, and PCIN-2017-061/AEI. When this manuscript was first submitted Estela Nadal-Romero and Damià Vericat received a “Ramón y Cajal” postdoctoral contract (RYC-2013-14371 and RYC‐2010‐06264, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MEC). Damià Vericat is now a Serra Húnter Fellow at the University of Lleida. María Fernández-Raga received a “José Castillejo” postdoctoral grant (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports). Carla Ferreira was supported by a post-doctoral research grant from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (SFRH/ BPD/120093/2016). Mariano Moreno-de las Heras received a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract (IJCI-2015-26463) from the MEC. José Andrés López-Tarazón received a Vicenç Mut postdoctoral fellowship from the Autonomous Balearic Government (CAIB PD/038/2016). José Andrés López-Tarazón and Ramon Batalla also acknowledge the Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia for supporting the Consolidated Research Group 2014 SGR 645 (RIUSFluvial Dynamics Research Group), and the CERCA Programme. This paper has benefited from the Lab and Field Data Pool created within the framework of the COST action CONNECTEUR (ES1306).

Published
2019
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48. Development and evaluation of the herd dynamic milk model with focus on the individual cow component

Author

E. Ruelle, Luc Delaby, Laurence Shalloo, Michael Wallace, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], European Project: 238562, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, model evaluation, pâturage, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], condition scoring, état corporel, simulation models, Ice calving, Stocking, Pregnancy, Lactation, Grazing, dairy cows, Animal Husbandry, 2. Zero hunger, body condition score, milk yield, modelling, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Animal husbandry, Animal culture, Dairying, Parity, Milk, medicine.anatomical_structure, vache laitière, Body Composition, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Female, France, Animal feed, Context (language use), Biology, modèle de simulation, Models, Biological, SF1-1100, Animal science, medicine, Animals, grazing, production de lait, modélisation, 0402 animal and dairy science, Animal Feed, 040201 dairy & animal science, Diet, Dietary Supplements, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Herd, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Cattle, Animal Science and Zoology, Ireland, analyse de sensibilité
Abstract

The herd dynamic milk (HDM) model is a dynamic model capable of simulating the performance of individual dairy animals (from birth to death), with a daily time step. Within this study, the HDM model is described and evaluated in relation to milk production, body condition score (BCS) and BCS change throughout lactation by comparing model simulations against data from published experimental studies. The model's response to variation in genetic potential, herbage allowance and concentrate supplementation was tested in a sensitivity analysis. Data from experiments in Ireland and France over a 3-year period (2009-11) were used to complete the evaluation. The aim of the Irish experiment was to determine the impact of different stocking rates (SRs) (SR1: 3.28 cow/ha, SR2: 2.51 cow/ha) on key physical, biological and economic performance. The aim of the French experiment was to evaluate over a prolonged time period, the ability of two breeds of dairy cows (Holstein and Normande) to produce and to reproduce under two feeding strategies (high level and low level) in the context of compact calving. The model evaluation was conducted at the herd level with separate evaluations for the primiparous and multiparous cows. The evaluation included the two extreme SRs for the Irish experiment, and an evaluation at the overall herd and individual animal level for the different breeds and feeding levels for the French data. The comparison of simulation and experimental data for all scenarios resulted in a relative prediction error, which was consistently

Published
2016
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49. Using models to establish the financially optimum strategy for Irish dairy farms

Author

Laurence Shalloo, E. Ruelle, Luc Delaby, Michael Wallace, European Union, Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, 11/S/132, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), School of agriculture, food and rural development, Newcastle University [Newcastle], European Project: 238562,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-ITN-2008,GREENHOUSEMILK(2009), and AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, economic, concentrate supplementation, grazing intensity, models, pâturage, Pasture, Stocking, Lactation, Grazing, Milk quota, media_common, Mathematics, 2. Zero hunger, performance économique, Silage, geography.geographical_feature_category, Commerce, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Agricultural sciences, Dairying, medicine.anatomical_structure, Milk, Models, Economic, vache laitière, Costs and Cost Analysis, Female, Autre (Sciences du Vivant), [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Farms, alimentation animale, Poaceae, concentré alimentaire, 03 medical and health sciences, Animal science, Genetics, medicine, media_common.cataloged_instance, Animals, Dry matter, Computer Simulation, European union, pression de pâturage, modélisation, geography, 0402 animal and dairy science, 040201 dairy & animal science, Animal Feed, 030104 developmental biology, Agronomy, Dietary Supplements, Animal Science and Zoology, Cattle, exploitation laitière, Ireland, Sciences agricoles, Food Science
Abstract

peer-reviewed Determining the effect of a change in management on farm with differing characteristics is a significant challenge in the evaluation of dairy systems due to the interacting components of complex biological systems. In Ireland, milk production is increasing substantially following the abolition of the European Union milk quota regime in 2015. There are 2 main ways to increase the milk production on farm (within a fixed land base): either increase the number of animals (thus increasing the stocking rate) or increase the milk production per animal through increased feeding or increased lactation length. In this study, the effect of increased concentrate feeding or an increase in grazing intensity was simulated to determine the effect on the farm system and its economic performance. Four stocking rates (2.3, 2.6, 2.9, and 3.2 cow/ha) and 5 different concentrate supplementation strategies (0, 180, 360, 600, and 900 kg of dry matter/lactation) resulting in 20 different scenarios were evaluated across different milk, concentrate, and silage purchase prices. Each simulation was run across 10 yr of meteorological data, which had been recorded over the period 2004 to 2013. Three models—the Moorepark and St Gilles grass growth model, the pasture-based herd dynamic milk model, and the Moorepark dairy systems model—were integrated and applied to simulate the different scenarios. Overall, this study has demonstrated that the most profitable scenario was a stocking rate of 2.6 cow/ha with a concentrate supplementation of 600 kg of dry matter/cow. The factor that had the greatest influence on profitability was variability of milk price. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the FP7 GreenHouseMilk Marie Curie project and the funding from the Research Stimulus Fund 2011 administered by the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (Dublin, Ireland; project 11/S/132).

Published
2017
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50. Pea Border Cell Maturation and Release Involve Complex Cell Wall Structural Dynamics

Author

Jozef Mravec, William G.T. Willats, Stjepan K. Kračun, Xiaoyuan Guo, Maria Dalgaard Mikkelsen, Peter Ulvskov, Julia Schückel, Aleksander Riise Hansen, Ida Elisabeth Johansen, Grégory Mouille, David S. Domozych, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, department of Plant, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Skidmore College [Saratoga Springs], Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, European Union FP7 Marie Curie action project CeWalDyn [329830], European Union FP7 Marie Curie action project ITN WallTraC [263916], Innovation Funds Denmark project BioValue [0603-00522B], Innovation Funds Denmark project B21st [001-2011-4], Villum Foundation project PLANET [00009283], U.S. National Science Foundation [NSF-MCB 0919925, NSF-DBI 0922805], Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, and Skidmore College

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell, Arabidopsis, Expression, Plant Science, Biology, Cell Maturation, 01 natural sciences, Separation, Cell wall, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Polysaccharides, Border cells, Genetics, medicine, Monoclonal-Antibodies, Xyloglucan, Extensin, Root cap, Homogalacturonan, Plant cell, biology.organism_classification, Root-Cap Cells, Pectin, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Biochemistry, biology.protein, Adhesion, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The adhesion of plant cells is vital for support and protection of the plant body and is maintained by a variety of molecular associations between cell wall components. In some specialized cases, though, plant cells are programmed to detach, and root cap-derived border cells are examples of this. Border cells (in some species known as border-like cells) provide an expendable barrier between roots and the environment. Their maturation and release is an important but poorly characterized cell separation event. To gain a deeper insight into the complex cellular dynamics underlying this process, we undertook a systematic, detailed analysis of pea (Pisum sativum) root tip cell walls. Our study included immunocarbohydrate microarray profiling, monosaccharide composition determination, Fourier-transformed infrared microspectroscopy, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR of cell wall biosynthetic genes, analysis of hydrolytic activities, transmission electron microscopy, and immunolocalization of cell wall components. Using this integrated glycobiology approach, we identified multiple novel modes of cell wall structural and compositional rearrangement during root cap growth and the release of border cells. Our findings provide a new level of detail about border cell maturation and enable us to develop a model of the separation process. We propose that loss of adhesion by the dissolution of homogalacturonan in the middle lamellae is augmented by an active biophysical process of cell curvature driven by the polarized distribution of xyloglucan and extensin epitopes.

Published
2017
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