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3. Rotational Dynamics of Organic Cations in CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite

Author

Chen, T., Foley, B. J., Ipek, B., Tyagi, M., Copley, J. R. D., Brown, C. M., Choi, J. J., and Lee, S. -H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) based solar cells have shown impressive power conversion efficiencies of above 20%. However, the microscopic mechanism of the high photovoltaic performance is yet to be fully understood. Particularly, the dynamics of CH3NH3+ cations and their impact on relevant processes such as charge recombination and exciton dissociation are still poorly understood. Here, using elastic and quasi-elastic neutron scattering techniques and group theoretical analysis, we studied rotational modes of the CH3NH3+ cation in CH3NH3PbI3. Our results show that, in the cubic (T > 327K) and tetragonal (165K < T < 327K) phases, the CH3NH3+ ions exhibit four-fold rotational symmetry of the C-N axis (C4) along with three-fold rotation around the C-N axis (C3), while in orthorhombic phase (T < 165K) only C3 rotation is present. Around room temperature, the characteristic relaxation times for the C4 rotation is found to be ps while for the C3 rotation ps. The -dependent rotational relaxation times were fitted with Arrhenius equations to obtain activation energies. Our data show a close correlation between the C4 rotational mode and the temperature dependent dielectric permittivity. Our findings on the rotational dynamics of CH3NH3+ and the associated dipole have important implications on understanding the low exciton binding energy and slow charge recombination rate in CH3NH3PbI3 which are directly relevant for the high solar cell performance.

Published
2015
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4. A Limited Effect of Continents on Subduction Initiation for Convection With Grain‐Damage.

Author

Choi, H. and Foley, B. J.

Subjects
*PLATE tectonics, *YIELD stress, *CONTINENTAL margins, *SHEAR zones, *GRAIN size, *SUBDUCTION
Abstract

Despite significant study, when and how plate tectonics initiated on Earth remains contentious. Geologic evidence from some of Earth's earliest cratons has been interpreted as reflecting the formation of initial continental blocks by non‐subduction processes, which then trigger subduction initiation at their margins. Numerical models of mantle convection with a plastic yield stress rheology have shown this scenario is plausible. However, whether continents can trigger subduction initiation has not been tested with other rheologies. We, therefore, use numerical models of mantle convection with an imposed continental block to test whether continents facilitate subduction initiation with a grain‐damage mechanism, where weak shear zones form by grain size reduction. Our results show that continents modestly enhance stresses in the lithosphere, but not enough to significantly impact lithospheric damage or subduction initiation: continents have minimal influence on lithospheric damage or plate speed, nor does subduction preferentially initiate at the continental margin. A new regime diagram that includes continental blocks shows only a small shift in the boundary between the mobile‐lid and stagnant‐lid regimes when continents are added. However, as we do find that stresses are modestly enhanced at the continental margin in our models, we develop a scaling law for this stress enhancement to more fully test whether continents could trigger subduction initiation on early Earth. We find that lithospheric stresses supplied by continents are not sufficient to initiate subduction on the early Earth on their own with grain‐damage rheology; instead, additional factors would be required. Plain Language Summary: How plate tectonics initiates on Earth is controversial. One possibility is that primitive continents trigger subduction initiation at their margins; an idea our study tests with computer models. We specifically use a mechanism called grain‐damage in our model, where weak zones that allow for subduction develop due to grain size reduction. The results showed only modest effects on lithospheric damage from the addition of continents. Continents do not appear to dictate the subduction initiation location, as subduction initiates readily both at continent margins and far from margins. In addition, plate boundaries do not get weaker nor do plates move faster with continents included. We observe slightly higher stress at continental margins, which leads to plate tectonics developing for a few models where it otherwise would not have. However, scaling our results to early Earth conditions, we find continents do not impart enough stress in the lithosphere on their own for subduction to initiate by grain size reduction. Other factors may have been important during this critical phase in our planet's history. Key Points: We test whether continents can trigger subduction initiation on the early Earth using convection models with grain‐damageModel results show continents do not necessarily lead to subduction initiation, imparting only a minor increase in lithospheric stressScaling analysis shows that continents are not capable of triggering subduction on the early Earth [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Substrate Interface Interactions

Author

Czerw, R., Foley, B., Tekleab, D., Rubio, A., Ajayan, P. M., and Carroll, D. L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter
Abstract

By utilizing the current transients in scanning tunneling spectroscopy, the local interfacial electronics between multiwalled carbon nanotubes and several supporting substrates has been investigated. Voltage offsets in the tunneling spectra are directly correlated with the formation of a dipole layer at the nanotube-substrate interface strongly suggesting the formation of interface states. Further, a systematic variation in this local potential, as a function of tube diameter, is observed for both metallic substrates (Au) and semi-metallic substrates (graphite). In both cases, tubes with diameters between ~ 5 nm and 30 nm, the interfacial potential is nearly constant as a function of tube diameter. However, for tube diameters < 5 nm, a dramatic change in the local potential is observed. Using ab initio techniques, this diameter dependent electronic interaction is shown to derive from changes in the tube-substrate hybridization that results from the curvature of the nanotubes., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev B Rapid Communications

Published
2001

7. Identification of Electron Donor States in N-doped Carbon Nanotubes

Author

Czerw, R., Terrones, M., Charlier, J. -C., Blase, X., Foley, B., Kamalakaran, R., Grobert, N., Terrones, H., Ajayan, P. M., Blau, W., Tekleab, D., Ruhle, M., and Carroll, D. L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes have been synthesized using pyrolysis and characterized by Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The doped nanotubes are all metallic and exhibit strong electron donor states near the Fermi level. Using tight-binding and ab initio calculations, we observe that pyridine-like N structures are responsible for the metallic behavior and the prominent features near the Fermi level. These electron rich structures are the first example of n-type nanotubes, which could pave the way to real molecular hetero-junction devices., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, revtex, submitted to PRL

Published
2000
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10. Consensus and Ancestral State HIV Vaccines

Author

Nickle, David C., Jensen, Mark A., Gottlieb, Geoffrey S., Shriner, Daniel, Learn, Gerald H., Rodrigo, Allen G., Mullins, James I., Gao, F., Bhattacharya, T., Gaschen, B., Taylor, J., Moore, J. P., Novitsky, V., Yusim, K., Lang, D., Foley, B., Beddows, S., Alam, M., Haynes, B., Hahn, B. H., and Korber, B.

Published
2003

16. HIV-1 Nomenclature Proposal

Author

Robertson, D. L., Anderson, J. P., Bradac, J. A., Carr, J. K., Foley, B., Funkhouser, R. K., Gao, F., Hahn, B. H., Kalish, M. L., Kuiken, C., Learn, G. H., Leitner, T., McCutchan, F., Osmanov, S., Peeters, M., Pieniazek, D., Salminen, M., Sharp, P. M., Wolinsky, S., and Korber, B.

Published
2000

20. Preparing Engineers for 2035: Transforming Australia’s Engineering Education for Emerging Roles and Expectations

Author

Lee, P, Crosthwaite, C, Reidsema, C, Burnett, I, Foley, B, Hargreaves, D, King, R, Lamborn, J, Symes, M, Wilson, J, Lee, P, Crosthwaite, C, Reidsema, C, Burnett, I, Foley, B, Hargreaves, D, King, R, Lamborn, J, Symes, M, and Wilson, J

Abstract

The Australian Council of Engineering Deans (ACED) recently concluded a project (‘Engineering 2035’) to reshape Australian engineering education for future professional engineering graduates. Consultations with industry leaders and others identified the need to strengthen graduate engineers’ capacity for multi-disciplinary and cross-functional teamwork, with greater public accountability. Focus groups of prospective students revealed weak understanding of the growing range of opportunities offered by an engineering qualification of this nature. The corresponding curriculum transformation must ensure greater focus on transferable skills and contexts are delivered alongside technical content. We envisage more industry-based, problem and project-based pedagogies. We found that the engineering academic workforce is positive to such changes. Its recent adaptation of teaching methods to accommodate COVID-19 restrictions gives confidence of a good response to the emerging needs. The project identified 22 Calls for Action to the schools of engineering and ACED, and to industry, government and the professional accrediting body, Engineers Australia.

Published
2022

22. Data quality of 5 years of central norovirus outbreak reporting in the European Network for food-borne viruses

Author

Kroneman, A., Harris, J., Vennema, H., Duizer, E., van Duynhoven, Y., Gray, J., Iturriza, M., Böttiger, B., Falkenhorst, G., Johnsen, C., von Bonsdorff, C.-H., Maunula, L., Kuusi, M., Pothier, R., Gallay, A., Schreier, E., Koch, J., Szücs, G., Reuter, G., Krisztalovics, K., Lynch, M., McKeown, R., Foley, B., Coughlan, S., Ruggeri, F. M., Di Bartolo, I., Vainio, K., Isakbaeva, E., Poljsak-Prijatelj, M., Grom, A. Hocevar, Bosch, A., Buesa, J., Fauquier, A. Sanchez, Hernandéz-Pezzi, G., Hedlund, K.-O., and Koopmans, M.

Published
2008
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27. Advanced metal processing enabled by fiber lasers with tunable beam properties

Author

Kliner, Dahv A., primary, Farrow, R. L., additional, Lugo, J., additional, O'Dea, B., additional, Hawke, R., additional, Victor, B., additional, Gross, K., additional, Hodges, A., additional, Brown, A., additional, Pruyn, J., additional, Stephens, R., additional, Foley, B., additional, Almonte, K., additional, Kehoe, B., additional, Hamilton, M., additional, Reynolds, M., additional, Luetjen, C., additional, Lowder, T., additional, Karlsen, S., additional, Balsley, D., additional, Antoina, M., additional, Kokki, T., additional, Swenson, D., additional, Archer, C., additional, Martinsen, R., additional, and Hepp, M., additional

Published
2022
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29. Plasma-surface interactions in atmospheric pressure plasmas: In situ measurements of electron heating in materials.

Author

Walton, S. G., Foley, B. M., Tomko, J., Boris, D. R., Gillman, E. D., Hernández, S. C., Giri, A., Petrova, Tz. B., and Hopkins, P. E.

Subjects
*SURFACE interactions, *ATMOSPHERIC pressure, *FLUX (Energy), *ENERGY dissipation, *ELECTRON-phonon interactions
Abstract

The energy flux to a surface during plasma exposure and the associated surface heating are of long standing interest as they contribute to the physico-chemical changes that occur during plasma-based materials synthesis and processing. Indeed, the energy delivered to the surface, via a flux of particles and photons, in concert with a flux of reactive species serves to chemically modify, etch, and/or deposit materials, with an efficacy that depends on the plasma processing environment. A unique feature of plasma synthesis and processing is that most of the delivered energy is absorbed at or very near the surface over short (picosecond) time scales. The dissipation of thermal energy proceeds through electron-electron and/or electron-phonon interactions as they propagate through the material, with relaxation time scales that can be orders of magnitude slower. Typically then, the surface is not in thermal equilibrium with the bulk material. Fast, surface-sensitive techniques are thus required to fully appreciate the dynamics of the plasma-surface interaction. In this work, we employ pump-probe Time-Domain Thermoreflectance, a surface sensitive technique typically used to measure thermal properties of thin films, to determine electron heating of thin metal films during exposure to an atmospheric pressure plasma jet. The results, in conjunction with current measurements, are used to develop a first order understanding of plasma jet-surface interactions. The results show that the energy delivered by the plasma jet causes a localized increase in electron energy within the thin film over an area commensurate with the plasma jet radius. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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31. Contributors

Author

Abdel-Dayem, A., primary, Aita, Ryo, additional, Akpınar, Samet, additional, Alpaslan, Ferda Nur, additional, Aoki, Kyota, additional, Arabnia, Hamid R., additional, Arboleda-Duque, S., additional, Ardekani, R., additional, Aygün, Ramazan S., additional, The Bao, Pham, additional, Beck, Robert, additional, Blay, Christopher, additional, Chen, H., additional, Choi, Haijung, additional, Coelho, Clarimar José, additional, Costa, Eduardo Tavares, additional, da Silva Soares, Anderson, additional, Damavandinejadmonfared, Sepehr, additional, de Paiva, Maria Stela Veludo, additional, Deligiannidis, Leonidas, additional, Dinç, İmren, additional, Dinç, Semih, additional, Doerfler, Gregory, additional, Dong, Min, additional, Ektesabi, Arezoo, additional, Elsalamony, Hany A., additional, Foley, B., additional, Ghorbel, Faouzi, additional, Gómez-Mendoza, J.B., additional, Granero, Marco Aurélio, additional, Gutierrez, Marco Antônio, additional, Hariyama, M., additional, Hematian, A., additional, Huang, Chuen-Min, additional, Hung, Nguyen Tuan, additional, Ilie, M., additional, Jamal, Rowa’a, additional, Johnson, J., additional, Kang, Eui Sun, additional, Kapoor, Ajay, additional, Karimian, A., additional, Khalaf, Loay, additional, Kim, Jin Young, additional, Kim, Manbae, additional, Klässner, Bernd, additional, Kulyukin, Vladimir, additional, Laureano, Gustavo Teodoro, additional, Lu, Xiangyu, additional, Ma, Yide, additional, Mahmoudpour, Saeed, additional, Manaa, Karmel, additional, Marjoram, P., additional, Mezghich, Mohamed Amine, additional, M’Hiri, Slim, additional, Miranda, José Manuel, additional, Montes-Venegas, Hector A., additional, Morales, Oswaldo, additional, Moreno, Jaime, additional, Park, Dae Hyuck, additional, Pashna, M., additional, Petrosino, Alfredo, additional, Pusey, Marc L., additional, Rabee’a, Maram, additional, Romero, Marcelo, additional, Saadatseresht, M., additional, Saidani, Maweheb, additional, Salvi, Giuseppe, additional, Seo, Jeong Goo, additional, Seybold, Tamara, additional, Shimoda, M., additional, Sigdel, Madhav, additional, Sigdel, Madhu S., additional, Spinczyk, Dominik, additional, Stechele, Walter, additional, Stirb, Iulia, additional, Su, Hongjun, additional, Talebi, R., additional, Tamayo-Quintero, J.D., additional, Tejeida, Ricardo, additional, Uddin, Md. Zia, additional, Varadharajan, Vijay, additional, Wang, Keju, additional, Xiao, Chuangbai, additional, Yazdani, S., additional, Yusof, R., additional, Zhang, Hong, additional, Zhao, Hongyu, additional, and Zhao, Huaxia, additional

Published
2015
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34. Irish cardiac society: Proceedings of annual general meeting held 1st November, 1997

Author

Seifer, C., McNeill, B., O’Donnell, M., Daly, K., Kellett, J., McGee, H. M., Montogomery, A. J., O’Callaghan, D., Horgan, J. H., Mahon, N. G., Codd, M., Brennan, J., Egan, B., McCann, H. A., Sugrue, D. D., Menown, I. B. A., Patterson, R. S. H. W., McMechan, S. R., Hameed, S., Adgey, A. A. J., Baird, S. H., McBride, S. J., Trouton, T. G., Wilson, C., McRedmond, J. P., Fitzgerald, D. J., Crowley, J. J., Tanguay, J-F., Santos, R. M., Stack, R. S., Mahon, N. G., Keelan, P., McCann, H. A., Sugrue, D. D., McKenna, C. J., AuBuchon, R., Camrud, A. R., Holmes, D. R., Schwartz, R. S., McKenna, C. J., Camrud, A. R., Wolff, R., Edwards, W. D., Holmes, D. R., Schwartz, R. S., Hanratty, C., McAuley, D., Young, I., Murtagh, G., O’Keeffe, B., Richardson, G., Scott, M., Chew, E. W., Bailie, N. A., Graham, A. M. J., O’Kane, H., McKenna, C. J., Kwon, H. M., Ellis, L., Holmes, D. R., Virmani, R., Schwartz, R. S., Noelke, L., Wood, A. E., Javadpour, H., Veerasingham, D., Wood, A. E., O’Kane, D., Allen, J. D., Adgey, A. A. J., Hennessy, T., Johnson, P., Hildick-Smith, D., Winter, E., Shapiro, L., McKenna, C. J., Edwards, W. D., Lerman, A., Holmes, D. R., Schwartz, R. S., McGrath, L. T., Passmore, P., Silke, B., McAuley, D., Nugent, A. G., McGurk, C., Hanratty, C., Maguire, S., Johnston, G. D., McAuley, D., Nugent, A. G., McGurk, C., Hanratty, C., Maguire, S., Johnston, G. D., Lovell, S. L., McDowell, G., McEneany, D., Riley, M. S., Nicholls, D. P., Gilligan, D., Sargent, D., Dan, D., Gilligan, D., Elam, G., Rhee, B., Keane, D., Zhou, L., McGovern, B., Garan, H., Ruskin, J., O’Shea, J. C., Tan, H-C., Zidar, J. P., Stack, R. S., Crowley, J. J., O’Keeffe, D. B., Graffin, S., Fitzsimmons, D., Brown, S., Duff, D., Denham, B., Woods, F., Neligan, M., Oslizlok, P., Connolly, C. K., Danton, M. H. D., O’Kane, H., Danton, M., Gladstone, D. J., Craig, B., Mulholland, H. C., Casey, F., Chaudhuri, S., Hinchion, J., Wood, A. E., Hinchion, J., Wood, A. E., Menown, I. B. A., Patterson, R. H. S. W., MacKenzie, G., Adgey, A. A. J., Harbinson, M. T., Burgess, L. M., Moohan, V., McEneaney, D. J., Adgey, A. A. J., Menown, I. B. A., MacKenzie, G., Patterson, R. S. H. W., Adgey, A. A. J., Finnegan, O. C., Doherty, L., Silke, B., Riddell, J. G., Meleady, R., Daly, L., Graham, I., Quinn, M., Foley, B., Lee, J., Mulvihill, N., Crean, P., Walsh, M., O’Morain, C., Quinn, M., Crean, P., Foley, B., Walsh, M., Hynes, C., King, S. M., David, S., Newton, H., Maguire, M., Rafferty, F., Horgan, J. H., Sullivan, P. A., Murphy, D., Gallagher, S., Menown, I. B. A., Allen, J., Anderson, J. McC, Adgey, A. A. J., Dan, D., Hoag, J., Eckberg, D., Gilligan, D., Galvin, J., Garan, H., McGovern, B., Ruskin, J., Mahon, N. G., Diamond, P., Neilan, T., Keelan, E., H. A., McCarthy, C., Sugrue, D. D., Harbinson, M. T., Moohan, V. P., McEneaney, D. J., Burgess, L. M., Anderson, J. McC, Ayers, G. M., Adgey, A. A. J., Roberts, M., Burgess, L., Anderson, C., Wilson, C., Khan, M., Clements, I. P., Miller, W. L., Seifer, C., O’Donnell, M., McNeill, B., Daly, K., Turtle, F., McDowell, G., Long, H., McNair, W., Campbell, N. P. S., Mathew, T. P., Turtle, F., Smye, M., Nesbitt, G. S., Young, I. S., Adgey, A. A. J., Meleady, R., Mulcahy, D., Graham, I. M., Moore, D., Menown, I. B. A., McMechan, S. R., MacKenzie, G., Adgey, A. A. J., Diamond, P., Sugrue, D., Codd, M. B., Galvin, J., Zimmerman, P., Winget, J., Capeless, M., Galvin, J., Garan, H., McGovern, B., Ruskin, J., McKelvey, T. A., Danton, M. H. D., Sarsam, M. I. A., McEneaney, D., Roberts, M., Burgess, L., Anderson, C., Wilson, C., and Khan, M.

Published
1998
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39. Fetal cerebral Doppler changes and outcome in late preterm fetal growth restriction : prospective cohort study

Author

Stampalija, T., Thornton, J., Marlow, N., Napolitano, R., Bhide, A., Pickles, T., Bilardo, C. M., Gordijn, S. J., Gyselaers, W., Valensise, H., Hecher, K., Sande, R. K., Lindgren, P., Bergman, E., Arabin, B., Breeze, A. C., Wee, L., Ganzevoort, W., Richter, J., Berger, A., Brodszki, J., Derks, J., Mecacci, F., Maruotti, G. M., Myklestad, K., Lobmaier, S. M., Prefumo, F., Klaritsch, P., Calda, P., Ebbing, C., Frusca, T., Raio, L., Visser, G. H. A., Krofta, L., Cetin, I., Ferrazzi, E., Cesari, E., Wolf, H., Lees, C. C., Brezinka, C., Casagrandi, D., Cerny, A., Dall'Asta, A., Devlieger, R., Duvekot, J., Eggebo, T. M., Fantasia, I., Ferrari, F., Fratelli, N., Ghi, T., Graupner, O., Greimel, P., Hofstaetter, C., Presti, D. Lo, Georg, M., Macsali, F., Marsal, K., Martinelli, P., Mylrea-Foley, B., Mullins, E., Ostermayer, E., Papageorghiou, A., Peasley, R., Ramoni, A., Sarno, L., Seikku, L., Simeone, S., Thilaganathan, B., Tiralongo, G., Valcamonico, A., van Holsbeke, C., Vietheer, A., APH - Quality of Care, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, APH - Digital Health, Stampalija, T., Thornton, J., Marlow, N., Napolitano, R., Bhide, A., Pickles, T., Bilardo, C. M., Gordijn, S. J., Gyselaers, W., Valensise, H., Hecher, K., Sande, R. K., Lindgren, P., Bergman, E., Arabin, B., Breeze, A. C., Wee, L., Ganzevoort, W., Richter, J., Berger, A., Brodszki, J., Derks, J., Mecacci, F., Maruotti, G. M., Myklestad, K., Lobmaier, S. M., Prefumo, F., Klaritsch, P., Calda, P., Ebbing, C., Frusca, T., Raio, L., Visser, G. H. A., Krofta, L., Cetin, I., Ferrazzi, E., Cesari, E., Wolf, H., Lees, C. C., Brezinka, C., Casagrandi, D., Cerny, A., Dall'Asta, A., Devlieger, R., Duvekot, J., Eggebo, T. M., Fantasia, I., Ferrari, F., Fratelli, N., Ghi, T., Graupner, O., Greimel, P., Hofstaetter, C., Presti, D. L., Georg, M., Macsali, F., Marsal, K., Martinelli, P., Mylrea-Foley, B., Mullins, E., Ostermayer, E., Papageorghiou, A., Peasley, R., Ramoni, A., Sarno, L., Seikku, L., Simeone, S., Thilaganathan, B., Tiralongo, G., Valcamonico, A., Van Holsbeke, C., Vietheer, A., and HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics

Subjects
Technology, adverse outcome, umbilical-cerebral ratio, Umbilical Arteries, umbilical artery, TRUFFLE-2 Group, Fetal Development, 0302 clinical medicine, Obstetrics and gynaecology, Pregnancy, Reference Values, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, Interquartile range, Birth Weight, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Fetal Growth Retardation, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Obstetrics, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, Doppler, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gestational age, General Medicine, Stillbirth, 3. Good health, ddc, Europe, Fetal Weight, Pulsatile Flow, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Female, Waist Circumference, Rheology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Live Birth, middle cerebral artery, neonatal, umbilicocerebral ratio, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Birth weight, education, 610 Medicine & health, Gestational Age, Reproduktionsmedicin och gynekologi, DIAGNOSIS, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, 03 medical and health sciences, Fetus, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, medicine, MANAGEMENT, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Risk factor, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Science & Technology, business.industry, CEREBROPLACENTAL RATIO, Infant, Newborn, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Acoustics, Reproductive Medicine, Relative risk, 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Radiologi och bildbehandling, business
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between fetal umbilical and middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler abnormalities and outcome in late preterm pregnancies at risk of fetal growth restriction. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies at risk of fetal growth restriction at 32 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks of gestation, enrolled in 33 European centers between 2017 and 2018, in which umbilical and fetal MCA Doppler velocimetry was performed. Pregnancies were considered at risk of fetal growth restriction if they had estimated fetal weight and/or abdominal circumference (AC)

Published
2020
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40. Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes

Author

Wiviott, S, Raz, I, Bonaca, M, Mosenzon, O, Kato, E, Cahn, A, Silverman, M, Zelniker, T, Kuder, J, Murphy, S, Bhatt, D, Leiter, L, Mcguire, D, Wilding, J, Ruff, C, Nilsson, G, Fredriksson, M, Johansson, P, Langkilde, A, Sabatine, M, Bansilal, S, Furtado, R, Fish, M, Gabovitch, D, Jevne, A, Ahern, S, Im, K, Goodrich, E, Lowe, C, Fisher, N, Gannon, J, Trindade, S, Towarowski, A, Fox, Y, Johnsson, E, Ranft, S, Faber, B, Wallander, M, Weiss, A, Buskila, A, Abola, M, Ardissino, D, Averkov, O, Aylward, P, Bode, C, Bonnici, F, Bonora, E, Budaj, A, Cernea, S, Chiang, C, Cooper, M, Dalby, A, Deerochanawong, C, Dellborg, M, Diaz, R, Dimulescu, D, Eliaschewitz, F, Goudev, A, Hadjadj, S, Herrera, M, Huo, Y, Jermendy, G, Ji, L, Kadowaki, T, Kiss, R, Kooy, A, Kumar, K, Lewis, B, Litwak, L, Lopez-Sendon, J, Ma, R, Merlini, P, Nauck, M, Nguyen, T, Nicolau, J, Ostgren, C, Ophuis, T, Padilla, F, Pais, P, Park, K, Parkhomenko, A, Ray, K, Rosenstock, J, Ruda, M, Satman, I, Shestakova, M, Smahelova, A, Spinar, J, Strojek, K, Sy, R, Tankova, T, Theroux, P, Tkac, I, Van Gaal, L, Wainstein, J, Harrington, R, Droller, M, Lee, K, Nesto, R, Tuomilehto, J, Hedlin, H, Desai, M, Sayfer, I, Alexanian, S, Awtry, E, Bentley-Lewis, R, Berger, C, Croce, K, Desai, A, Garg, R, Gelfand, E, Gignac, G, Goessling, W, Ho, C, Hochberg, E, Lane, A, Larrey, D, Leeman, D, Lewis, J, Link, M, Mcdonnell, M, Norden, A, Pande, A, Rosenberg, C, Rost, N, Ruberg, F, Schiff, E, Silverman, S, Singhal, A, Wagner, A, Wolpin, B, Aizenberg, D, Fernandez, M, Sala, J, Maffei, L, Luquez, C, Waitman, J, Rista, L, Nardone, L, Sposetti, G, Cantero, M, Alvarisqueta, A, Montana, O, Cuadrado, J, Cartasegna, L, Baccaro, C, Chertkoff, A, Sanabria, H, Vainstein, N, Amerena, J, Arya, K, D'Emden, M, Proietto, J, Moses, R, Colquhoun, D, Stranks, S, Lehman, R, Hamilton, A, Whelan, A, Simpson, R, Purnell, P, Abhayaratna, W, Hammett, C, Mckeirnan, M, Sullivan, D, Bach, L, Hughes, K, Mathieu, C, Vercammen, C, Scheen, A, Duyck, F, Cools, F, 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Laszloczky A., Turi T., Rapi J., Pentek Z., Gaal Z., Winkler G., Percs E., Czigany A., Harcsa E., Gurzo M., Tassaly J., Horthy R., Petro G., Farago K., Muller G., Varju I., Kirschner R., Kiss I., Bakai J., Kancz S., Marton Z., Kodur R., Yajnik C., Thomas N., Ayyar V., Iyengar P., Bashkin A., Daoud D., Itzhak B., Katz A., Tsur A., Nikolsky E., Atar S., Grossman A., Klainman E., Tsalihin D., Shotan A., Turgeman Y., Ferrario M., Merlini P., Piatti P., Zenari L., Trevisan R., Bosco B., Di Lorenzo L., Mannucci E., Avogaro A., Reimers B., Trimarco B., Silvestri O., Salvioni A., Nakagawa H., Sueyoshi A., Fukuda K., Yasumoto H., Matsubayashi S., Kawajiri K., Togashi Y., Senokuchi T., Ohta Y., Yamauchi T., Node K., Alcocer Gamba M., Herrera Marmolejo M., De los Rios Ibarra M., Gonzalez Galvez G., Garcia Cantu E., Leguizamo Dimas A., Luna Ceballos R., Medina Pech C., Stobschinski de Alba C., Gonzalez Gonzalez J., Padilla Padilla F., Fanghanel Salmon G., Robles Torres F., Lopez Rosas E., Pelayo Orozco E., Banda Elizondo R., Escalona Caamano A., Frenk Baron P., Aguilar Salinas C., Mustieles Rocha C., Vidrio Velazquez M., Rodriguez Briones I., Saldate Alonso M., Velasco Sanchez R., Groenemeijer B., Ronner E., Kuijper A., Strikwerda S., Van Kempen W., Gijsbers S., Oude Ophuis A., Swart H., Hoogenberg K., Hovens M., van Hessen M., Westerink J., Kragten J., Nierop P., Bax W., Hartong S., Nieuwdorp M., Gonkel F., Al Windy N., Troquay R., Schaafsma H., Lieverse A., Knufman N., Tirador L., Guenon M., Ferrolino A., Atilano A., Aportadera M., Que M., Denopol M., Tolentino M., Jimeno C., Wee J., Mirasol R., Panelo A., Roxas D., Abola M., Palmes P., Silva A., Salvador D., Rosita R., Maravilla L., Rogelio G., Pacheco E., Tin Hay L., Prado J., Krzyzagorska E., Witek R., Miklaszewicz B., Sudnik W., Pomiecko W., Bochenek A., Fares I., Wujkowski M., Korol M., Powierza S., Goch A., Miekus P., Siegel A., Skierkowska J., Romanczuk P., Cygler J., Landa K., Szyprowska E., Stachlewski P., Czerski T., Pawlowicz L., Sowinski D., Romanowski L., Rudzki H., Skorski M., Jasiel-Wojculewicz H., Stasiewski A., Budaj A., Kania G., Mirek-Bryniarska E., Wojnowski L., Korzeniak R., Oh T., Park K., Lee M., Lee K., Jang H., Kim S., Ku B., Cha B., Son H., Lee I., Park J., Yu S., Shon H., Rhee E., Cho J., Park T., Nam J., Pintilei E., Popescu A., Nafornita V., Gutu O., Dumitrescu A., Bala C., Caceaune E., Mindrescu N., Morosanu M., Bradescu O., Munteanu M., Voitec M., Vlaiculescu M., Hancu N., Diaconu Sotropa M., Lupu S., Mateescu A., Carlan L., Marton R., Lupusoru D., Mot A., Coman A., Zaharie D., Rebrov A., Shutemova E., Bolieva L., Khalimov Y., Statsenko M., Galyavich A., Koziolova N., Shapovalova Y., Pavlysh E., Strongin L., Vertkin A., Vishneva E., Pavlova M., Khasanov N., Antsiferov M., Gavrisheva I., Sokolova N., Vorobyev S., Morugova T., Sinitsina I., Ezhov A., Kobalava Z., Belenkiy D., Supryadkina T., Kazakov Y., Oschepkova E., Dreval A., Novikova T., Vishnevsky A., Chizhov D., Akatova E., Vorokhobina N., Ivanov I., Dudinskaya E., Konstantinov V., Kanderkova D., Pavlik L., Raslova K., Paulovic V., Babikova J., Belesova K., Merciakova M., Truban J., Vargova A., Fabryova L., Slovenska M., Plasil R., Tomasova L., Kollarova D., Spodniakova D., Kosikova M., Dzuponova J., Kurcova I., Skripova D., Gabrisova A., Kalinova S., Ranjith N., Burgess L., Mitha I., Conradie M., Distiller L., Pillai P., Pillay S., Horak A., Nethononda R., van den Berg E., Nortje H., Bayat J., Corbett C., Abelson M., van Zyl L., Pillay T., Wing J., Kapp C., Hidalgo Urbano R., Gonzalez Juanatey J., Blanco Coronado J., Bruguera Cortada J., Ferreiro Gutierrez J., Quesada Simon M., Castro A., Delgado Alvarez E., Freixa R., Boada A., Larnefeldt H., Mooe T., Koskinen P., Lagerback P., Linderfalk C., Liu B., Berndtsson Blom K., Tengmark B., Lindholm C., Ostgren C., Oweling M., Albertsson P., Alvarsson M., Fant S., Berglund O., Hsia C., Chiang C., Fang C., Ueng K., Wang K., Lai W., Mamanasiri S., Wongvipaporn C., Kuanprasert S., Thongsri T., Srimahachota S., Boonyavarakul A., Suwanwalaikorn S., Tantiwong P., Sritara P., Sriwijitkamol A., Sanguanwong S., Chotinaiwattarakul C., Piyayotai D., Balci M., Orbay E., Saygili F., Oguz A., Altuntas Y., Comlekci A., Karpenko O., Tkach S., Vlasenko M., Fushtey I., Pertseva T., Reshotko D., Mostovoy Y., Vizir V., Kraiz I., Amosova K., Batushkin V., Tseluyko V., Koval O., Strang C., Bodalia B., Pieters R., Turner W., Asamoah-Owusu N., White C., Calvert J., McNally D., Jones N., McKaig G., Thompson J., Mohr S., Simpson H., Conn P., McCoye A., Rivero O., Yazdani S., Ince C., Zeitlin J., Wharton T., Platt G., Anderson R. J., Angueira-Serrano E., Lillestol M., Hanlon B., Soufer J., Garcia B., Iteld B., Venugopal C., Ahmed A., Duardo-Guerra Y., Jetty P., Miranda A., Wahlen J., Lederman S., Cohen K., Lake L., French W. J., Tahirkheli N., Baker S., Stoltz R., Wilson J., Nadar V., Brown J., Larrain G., Wiseman A., Ruoff G., Williams M., Tan A., Hartman I., Singh N., Graf R., Wakefield P., McNeill R., Byars W., Reyes Almodovar R., Jones S., Kantaros L., Hegedosh N., Graves M., Bernstein M., Falkowski S., Bialow M., Paraschos A., Dagher G., Arif A., Condit J., Chaykin L., Grunstra B., Earl J., Unks D., Srivastava S., Benson M., Huffman C., Miller G., Willis J., Bender K., Martin E., Blackmore R., Rohr K., Chilka S., Gadowski G., Fitz-Patrick D., Benjamin S., Morin D., Zias Dilena A., Acosta R., Claassen D., Miranda F., Raad G., Inzerello A., Porter J., Bhattacharya A., Gutmann J., Korpas D., Syed M., Zieve F., Raisinghani A., Alam S., Bartkowiak A., Boccalandro F., Talano J., Mercado A., Krichmar P., Oldfield C., Adams K., Gorman T., Lewis D., Shah R., Shockey G., Lefebvre G., Andrawis N., Tami L., Bittar N., Khan M. S., Rink L., Hendrix E., Wood J., Robinson J., Pavon H., Irfan M., Gonzalez E., Singal R., Shore K., Saba F., Bianco J., Erickson B., Gorson D., Puri S., Arauz-Pacheco C., Forman S., Akyea-Djamson A., Lieber I., Barker B., Desai P., Sotolongo C., Steinhoff J., Hill R., Radin M., Patel R., Lieberman S., Wenocur H., Dagogo-Jack S., Lupovitch S., Ison R., Bacharach J. M., Diogo J., Mazzella M., Greenwald J., Quadrel M., Mayer N., Datu J., McCartney M., Bruce T., Singal D., Turner J., Videau B., Fritz R., Fox D., Calatayud G., Sheldon W., Kereiakes D., Thomas J., Salacata A., McCullum K., Harris B., de Souza J., Rahman A., Blumenthal S., Narayan P., Bloch M., Augenbraun C., Bernstein R., Perlman R., Berman J., LaBryer L., Wynne A., Fish J., Zarich S., Gabra N., Popeil L., Hermany P., Barreto A., Pomposini D., Gonzalez-Campoy J. M., Langer M., Bayron C., Suneja R., Kamlet J., Wheeler K., Hurley S., Sharma S., Wefald F., Hershon K., O'Connor T., Pueblitz G., Laguerre J., Amin M., Alfonso T., Jaffrani N., Isserman S., Portnay E., Vlastaris A., Dy J., Hagan M., Noveck H., Kraft P., Andersen J., Foley B., Carr K., Gelormini J., Williams T., Landau C., Richwine R., Thakkar M., Karim A., Madhun Z., Francyk D., Lamantia J., Baker B., Zhang W., Lev V., Hasan M., Captain A., Herzog W., Friedman K., Lawson W., Desai V., Ow C., Simons R., Mandviwala M., Le T., Hack T., Zebrack J., Henderson D., DeJulia J., Mehta R., Reza S., Poonawala R., Awad A., Velasquez M., Mohiuddin S., Salazar Sharma M., Myrick G., Gottlieb D., Ovalle F., Alfieri A., Ahmed S., Bohula E., Donahoe S. M., Longshaw K., Eshaghian S., Lash J., Goldberg R. K., Fox B., Mostel E., Dobies D., Ward H., Burbano J., Puleo P., Lenhard M. J., Korn D., Thadani U., Bradley A., Kmetzo J., Heasley E., Raikhel M., Mahr N., Bittar G., Fuentes F., Raghu P., Diep T. T. 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B., Tran Q. K., Tran N., Nguyen D., and Nguyen V.

Abstract

BACKGROUND The cardiovascular safety profile of dapagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 that promotes glucosuria in patients with type 2 diabetes, is undefined. METHODS We randomly assigned patients with type 2 diabetes who had or were at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease to receive either dapagliflozin or placebo. The primary safety outcome was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke. The primary efficacy outcomes were MACE and a composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure. Secondary efficacy outcomes were a renal composite (≥40% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate to ≥60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area, new end-stage renal disease, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes) and death from any cause. RESULTS We evaluated 17,160 patients, including 10,186 without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, who were followed for a median of 4.2 years. In the primary safety outcome analysis, dapagliflozin met the prespecified criterion for noninferiority to placebo with respect to MACE (upper boundary of the 95% confidence interval [CI], ≥1.3; P≥0.001 for noninferiority). In the two primary efficacy analyses, dapagliflozin did not result in a lower rate of MACE (8.8% in the dapagliflozin group and 9.4% in the placebo group; hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.03; P = 0.17) but did result in a lower rate of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure (4.9% vs. 5.8%; hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.95; P = 0.005), which reflected a lower rate of hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.88); there was no between-group difference in cardiovascular death (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.17). A renal event occurred in 4.3% in the dapagliflozin group and in 5.6% in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.87)

Published
2019

41. EP12.12: Agreement between two different devices for maternal hemodynamic evaluation.

Author

Zamagni, G., Stampalija, T., Monasta, L., Erra, R., Jones, L., Mylrea‐Foley, B., Goodier, J., and Lees, C.

Subjects
SMALL for gestational age, FETAL growth retardation, INTRACLASS correlation, CARDIAC output, BLAND-Altman plot
Abstract

This article, titled "EP12.12: Agreement between two different devices for maternal hemodynamic evaluation," examines the agreement between two devices used for measuring maternal hemodynamics. The study included 172 patients, including healthy controls and those with small for gestational age fetuses and fetal growth restriction. The results showed poor correlation between the measurements from the two devices, except for heart rate. The authors emphasize the need for standardization when comparing data from different devices. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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42. Spike mutation pipeline reveals the emergence of a more transmissible form of SARS-CoV-2

Author

Korber, B, Fischer, WM, Gnanakaran, S, Yoon, H, Theiler, J, Abfalterer, W, Foley, B, Giorgi, EE, Bhattacharya, T, Parker, MD, Partridge, DG, Evans, CM, Freeman, TM, de Silva, TI, LaBranche, CC, and Montefiori, DC

Subjects
Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Phylogenetic tree, 030306 microbiology, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Positive selection, Context (language use), Biology, 3. Good health, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Transmission (mechanics), law, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Spike (software development), 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

SummaryWe have developed an analysis pipeline to facilitate real-time mutation tracking in SARS-CoV-2, focusing initially on the Spike (S) protein because it mediates infection of human cells and is the target of most vaccine strategies and antibody-based therapeutics. To date we have identified thirteen mutations in Spike that are accumulating. Mutations are considered in a broader phylogenetic context, geographically, and over time, to provide an early warning system to reveal mutations that may confer selective advantages in transmission or resistance to interventions. Each one is evaluated for evidence of positive selection, and the implications of the mutation are explored through structural modeling. The mutation Spike D614G is of urgent concern; it began spreading in Europe in early February, and when introduced to new regions it rapidly becomes the dominant form. Also, we present evidence of recombination between locally circulating strains, indicative of multiple strain infections. These finding have important implications for SARS-CoV-2 transmission, pathogenesis and immune interventions.

Published
2020
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