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137 results on '"Fofana, Bakary"'

1. Ganaplacide (KAF156) plus lumefantrine solid dispersion formulation combination for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: an open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial

Author

Ogutu, Bernhards, Yeka, Adoke, Kusemererwa, Sylvia, Thompson, Ricardo, Tinto, Halidou, Toure, Andre Offianan, Uthaisin, Chirapong, Verma, Amar, Kibuuka, Afizi, Lingani, Moussa, Lourenço, Carlos, Mombo-Ngoma, Ghyslain, Nduba, Videlis, N'Guessan, Tiacoh Landry, Nassa, Guétawendé Job Wilfried, Nyantaro, Mary, Tina, Lucas Otieno, Singh, Piyoosh K, El Gaaloul, Myriam, Marrast, Anne Claire, Chikoto, Havana, Csermak, Katalin, Demin, Ivan, Mehta, Dheeraj, Pathan, Rashidkhan, Risterucci, Celine, Su, Guoqin, Winnips, Cornelis, Kaguthi, Grace, Fofana, Bakary, and Grobusch, Martin Peter

Published
2023
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3. Population-specific variations in KCNH2 predispose patients to delayed ventricular repolarization upon dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine therapy

Author

Camara, Mahamadou D., primary, Zhou, Yitian, additional, Dara, Antoine, additional, Tékété, Mamadou M., additional, Nóbrega de Sousa, Taís, additional, Sissoko, Sékou, additional, Dembélé, Laurent, additional, Ouologuem, Nouhoun, additional, Hamidou Togo, Amadou, additional, Alhousseini, Mohamed L., additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Sagara, Issaka, additional, Djimde, Abdoulaye A., additional, Gil, Pedro J., additional, and Lauschke, Volker M., additional

Published
2024
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4. Dynamics of Pfcrt K76T and Pfmdr1N86Y fifteen years after the withdrawal of chloroquine in Mali

Author

Dama, Souleymane, primary, Diakite, Bassirou, additional, Dinkorma, Ouologuem T, additional, Niangaly, Amadou, additional, Kone, Abdoulaye K, additional, Dara, Antoine, additional, Kone, Aminatou, additional, Bamadio, Amadou, additional, Kodio, Aly, additional, Doumbia, Diagassan, additional, Djimde, Moussa, additional, Doumbia, Moussa, additional, Tekete, Mamadou, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Lamine, Alhousseini Mohamed, additional, Dara, Niawanlou, additional, Sidibe, Bouran, additional, Maiga, Hamma, additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye A, additional

Published
2024
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5. Zika Virus Circulation in Mali

Author

Diarra, Issa, Nurtop, Elif, Sangare, Abdoul Karim, Sagara, Issaka, Pastorino, Boris, Sacko, Souleymane, Zeguime, Amatigue, Coulibaly, Drissa, Fofana, Bakary, Gallian, Pierre, Priet, Stephane, Drexler, Jan Felix, Failloux, Anna-Bella, Dabo, Abdoulaye, Thera, Mahamadou Ali, Djimde, Abdoulaye, Kouriba, Bourema, Cauchemez, Simon, de Lamballerie, Xavier, Hoze, Nathanael, and Doumbo, Ogobara K.

Subjects
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- Health aspects -- Surveys, Medical research -- Health aspects -- Surveys, Zika virus -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Infection -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Blood donation -- Health aspects -- Surveys, Women, Health
Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus (genus Flavivirus; enveloped positive-stranded RNA virus) (1). The isolation of ZIKV took place in 1947 from a caged sentinel rhesus monkey during a yellow [...]

Published
2020
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6. Hepatic safety and tolerability of cipargamin (KAE609), in adult patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a randomized, phase II, controlled, dose-escalation trial in sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Ndayisaba, Gilles, Yeka, Adoke, Asante, Kwaku Poku, Grobusch, Martin P., Karita, Etienne, Mugerwa, Henry, Asiimwe, Stephen, Oduro, Abraham, Fofana, Bakary, Doumbia, Seydou, Jain, Jay Prakash, Barsainya, Sarita, Kullak-Ublick, Gerd A., Su, Guoqin, Schmitt, Esther K., Csermak, Katalin, Gandhi, Preetam, and Hughes, David

Published
2021
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9. PA-594 CYP2C8*2 impacts desethylamodiaquine concentration upon repeated artesunate-amodiaquine treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Mali

Author

Camara, Mahamadou Daby, primary, Tekete, Mamadou, additional, Dama, Souleyman, additional, Sousa, Taís Nóbrega de, additional, Kone, Aminatou, additional, Toure Dinkorma, Ouelegouem Inna, additional, Bamadio, Amadou, additional, Djimde, Moussa, additional, Dara, Antoine, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Ogobara, Doumbo, additional, Lauschke, Volker M, additional, Borrmann, Steffen, additional, Djimde, Abdoulaye A, additional, and Gil, José Pédro, additional

Published
2023
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10. Variation in neutrophil levels and artemisinin-based combination therapy efficacy in West-Africa

Author

Djimde, Moussa, primary, Kayentao, Kassoum, additional, Tshiongo, Japhet Kabalu, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Arama, Charles, additional, Sirima, Sodiomon B, additional, Ouedraogo, Jean Bosco, additional, Beavogui, Abdoul Habib, additional, Sagara, Issaka, additional, Dicko, Alassane, additional, Mens, Petra F, additional, Schallig, Henk DFH, additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye, additional

Published
2023
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11. The duration of chemoprophylaxis against malaria after treatment with artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine and the effects of pfmdr1 86Y and pfcrt 76T: a meta-analysis of individual patient data

Author

Bretscher, Michael T., Dahal, Prabin, Griffin, Jamie, Stepniewska, Kasia, Bassat, Quique, Baudin, Elisabeth, D’Alessandro, Umberto, Djimde, Abdoulaye A., Dorsey, Grant, Espié, Emmanuelle, Fofana, Bakary, González, Raquel, Juma, Elizabeth, Karema, Corine, Lasry, Estrella, Lell, Bertrand, Lima, Nines, Menéndez, Clara, Mombo-Ngoma, Ghyslain, Moreira, Clarissa, Nikiema, Frederic, Ouédraogo, Jean B., Staedke, Sarah G., Tinto, Halidou, Valea, Innocent, Yeka, Adoke, Ghani, Azra C., Guerin, Philippe J., and Okell, Lucy C.

Published
2020
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12. Complexity of Plasmodium falciparum infection and genetic variations associated with differences in parasite clearance time in two Malian villages

Author

Sissoko, Sekou, primary, Kone, Aminatou, additional, Dara, Antoine, additional, Oboh, Mary Aigbiremo, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Sangare, Cheick O., additional, Dembele, Demba, additional, Haidara, Aboubecrine Sedhigh, additional, Diallo, Nouhoum, additional, Toure, Sekou, additional, Haidara, Kadidia, additional, Sanogo, Kassim, additional, Doumbo, Ogobara K., additional, Ouattara, Amed, additional, Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred, additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye A., additional

Published
2023
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13. Stroke in Young Subjects at the Hospital of Mali

Author

Ouologuem, Nouhoum, primary, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Diallo, Seybou H., additional, Djimde, Moussa, additional, Dembele, Fanta, additional, Traore, Zoumana, additional, Konate, Massama, additional, Sylla, Sow Djeneba, additional, Ouologuem, Madani, additional, and Maiga, Youssoufa, additional

Published
2023
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14. IFNγ, TNFα polymorphisms and IFNγ serum levels are associated with the clearance of drug-resistant P. falciparum in Malian children

Author

Kouriba, Bourema, primary, Arama, Charles, additional, Ouologuem, Dinkorma T., additional, Cissoko, Yacouba, additional, Diakite, Mahamadou, additional, Beavogui, Abdoul Habib, additional, Wele, Mamadou, additional, Tekete, Mamadou, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Dama, Souleymane, additional, Maiga, Hamma, additional, Kone, Aminatou, additional, Niangaly, Amadou, additional, Diarra, Issa, additional, Daou, Modibo, additional, Guindo, Ando, additional, Traore, Karim, additional, Coulibaly, Drissa, additional, Kone, Abdoulaye K., additional, Dicko, Alassane, additional, Clark, Taane G., additional, Doumbo, Ogobara K., additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye, additional

Published
2023
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16. Study of the causes of hospitalization in the medicine department of the Hospital of Mali: non-communicable vs. communicable diseases.

Author

Ouologuem, Nouhoum, Guindo, Issa, Fofana, Bakary, Dembele, Tite, Sylla, Sow Djeneba, Konate, Massama, Sogoba, Sanata, and Coulibaly, Souleymane

Subjects
COMMUNICABLE diseases, NOSOLOGY, NON-communicable diseases, HYPERTENSION, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors, VIRAL hepatitis
Abstract

Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic diseases that are not transmitted from one person to another. Their impact on mortality, disease burden, and socioeconomic development in the countries makes the studies a priority for epidemiological surveillance. The objective of this study was to investigate the morbidity and mortality related to NCDs in the internal medicine department of the Hospital of Mali in order to determine their epidemiological profile of NCDs and to study their temporal trends in a hospital setting. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study from January 1 to December 31, 2021, including all patients admitted to the department during the period from January 1 to December 31, 2021. We used the World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Diseases (10th edition) for coding and grouping diagnoses into major diagnostic categories. Results: Of the 445 patients enrolled in this study, 385 were suffering from non-communicable diseases and 60 from communicable diseases. The distribution of non-communicable diseases shows that 70.4% were related to diabetes and complications, followed by high blood pressure and complications with 18.7%. Among the communicable diseases, Sepsis was predominant with 53.3% followed by malaria with 18.3% and Covid-19 with 11.7%. The overall percentage of deaths from non-communicable diseases was 76.6% and from communicable diseases was 23.4%. The percentage of specific deaths related to high blood pressure and its complications was 47.2% and that of diabetes was 41.6% among non-communicable diseases. Sepsis and viral hepatitis accounted for 72.7% and 18.2% respectively among the communicable diseases. Conclusion: We found an increase in the frequency of non-communicable diseases and a decrease in communicable diseases in the internal medicine department of the Hospital of Mali. Prevention of cardiovascular risk factors will lead to a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality caused by noncommunicable diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

17. EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF THE WATERS OF THE IVORIAN COASTLINE

Author

Laure Emma Oura, Meledje Djedjess Essoh Jules-Cesar, Horo Kone, Vanh Eric-Simon Zran, and Kouassi Benjamin Yao and Fofana Bakary

Subjects
Littoral Water Pollution Drinking
Abstract

Water pollution remains an issue that concerns the whole world. That of the coasts is evoked but remains less mediatized compared to that of the consumable fresh water. Therefore, in view of the increasing question of the availability of drinking water resources, this study was initiated with a view to resorting to coastal waters in case of need. After characterization, it appears that the waters of the coast are loaded with salts. They have an average content of sulfate ions ranging from 400 to 1000 mg/L. They are also turbid and have a high biochemical oxygen demand ranging from 100 to 700 mg/L. On the whole, the waters of the Ivorian coastline are not polluted enough to be used for consumption after treatment. But they cannot be consumed without prior treatment. &nbsp

Published
2022
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18. A Novel Ex Vivo Drug Assay for Assessing the Transmission-Blocking Activity of Compounds on Field-Isolated Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytes

Author

Ouologuem, Dinkorma T., primary, Dembele, Laurent, additional, Dara, Antoine, additional, Kone, Aminatou K., additional, Diallo, Nouhoum, additional, Sangare, Cheick P. O., additional, Ballo, Fatoumata I., additional, Dao, François, additional, Goita, Siaka, additional, Haidara, Aboubecrin S., additional, Traore, Aliou, additional, Niangaly, Amadou B., additional, Dama, Souleymane, additional, Sissoko, Sekou, additional, Sogore, Fanta, additional, Dara, Jacob N., additional, Barre, Yacouba N., additional, Daou, Amadou, additional, Cisse, Fatoumata, additional, Diakite, Ousmaila, additional, Doumbia, Diagassan, additional, Koumare, Sekou, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Tandina, Fatalmoudou, additional, Sylla, Daman, additional, Sacko, Adama, additional, Coulibaly, Mamadou, additional, Tekete, Mamadou M., additional, Ouattara, Amed, additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye A., additional

Published
2022
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19. Plasmodium falciparum Plasmepsin 2 Duplications, West Africa

Author

Inoue, Juliana, Silva, Miguel, Fofana, Bakary, Sanogo, Kassim, Martensson, Andreas, Sagara, Issaka, Bjorkman, Anders, Veiga, Maria Isabel, Ferreira, Pedro Eduardo, Djimde, Abdoulaye, and Gil, Jose Pedro

Subjects
Antiparasitic agents -- Dosage and administration, Microbial drug resistance -- Research, Plasmodium falciparum -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Malaria -- Drug therapy -- Research, Health
Abstract

Artemisinin combination therapy has been the cornerstone of malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa for the past 10 years and is typically represented by artemether/ lumefantrine and artesunate/amodiaquine. Because of the [...]

Published
2018
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22. Efficacy of Cipargamin (KAE609) in a Randomized, Phase II Dose-Escalation Study in Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa With Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

Author

Schmitt, Esther K, primary, Ndayisaba, Gilles, additional, Yeka, Adoke, additional, Asante, Kwaku Poku, additional, Grobusch, Martin P, additional, Karita, Etienne, additional, Mugerwa, Henry, additional, Asiimwe, Stephen, additional, Oduro, Abraham, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Doumbia, Seydou, additional, Su, Guoqin, additional, Csermak Renner, Katalin, additional, Venishetty, Vinay Kumar, additional, Sayyed, Sarfaraz, additional, Straimer, Judith, additional, Demin, Ivan, additional, Barsainya, Sarita, additional, Boulton, Caroline, additional, and Gandhi, Preetam, additional

Published
2021
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23. Persistent Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum Parasitemia 72 Hours after Treatment with Artemether-Lumefantrine Predicts 42-Day Treatment Failure in Mali and Burkina Faso

Author

Beshir, Khalid B., primary, Diallo, Nouhoum, additional, Somé, Fabrice A., additional, Sombie, Salif, additional, Zongo, Issaka, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Traore, Aliou, additional, Dama, Souleymane, additional, Bamadio, Amadou, additional, Traore, Oumar B., additional, Coulibaly, Sam A., additional, Maurice, Ouattara S., additional, Diarra, Amidou, additional, Kaboré, Jean Moise, additional, Kodio, Aly, additional, Togo, Amadou Hamidou, additional, Dara, Niawanlou, additional, Coulibaly, Moctar, additional, Dao, Francois, additional, Nikiema, Frederic, additional, Compaore, Yves D., additional, Kabore, Naomie T., additional, Barry, Nouhoun, additional, Soulama, Issiaka, additional, Sagara, Issaka, additional, Sirima, Sodiomon B., additional, Ouédraogo, Jean-Bosco, additional, Djimde, Abdoulaye, additional, and Sutherland, Colin J., additional

Published
2021
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25. Gametocyte clearance dynamics following oral artesunate treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Malian children

Author

Djimde Abdoulaye A., Maiga Amelia W., Ouologuem Dinkorma, Fofana Bakary, Sagara Issaka, Dembele Demba, Toure Sekou, Sanogo Kassim, Dama Souleymane, Sidibe Bakary, and Doumbo Ogobara K.

Subjects
Plasmodium falciparum, Gametocyte clearance, Gametocyte density, Artesunate monotherapy, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Artemisinin-based combination therapies decrease Plasmodium gametocyte carriage. However, the role of artesunate in monotherapy in vivo, the mechanisms involved, and the utility of gametocyte carriage as a potential tool for the surveillance of antimalarial resistance are poorly understood. In 2010–2011, we conducted an open-label, prospective efficacy study of artesunate as monotherapy in children 1–10 years of age with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Bougoula-Hameau, Mali. Standard oral doses of artesunate were administered for 7 days and patients were followed up for 28 days. The data were compared to a similar study conducted in 2002–2004. Of 100 children enrolled in the 2010–2011 study, 92 were analyzed and compared to 217 children enrolled in the 2002–2004 study. The proportion of gametocyte carriers was unchanged at the end of treatment (23% at baseline vs. 24% on day 7, p = 1.0) and did not significantly decline until day 21 of follow-up (23% vs. 6%, p = 0.003). The mean gametocyte density at inclusion remained unchanged at the end of treatment (12 gametocytes/μL vs. 16 gametocytes/μL, p = 0.6). Overall, 46% of the 71 initial non-carriers had gametocytes detected by day 7. Similar results were found in the 2002–2004 study. In both studies, although gametocyte carriage significantly decreased by the end of the 28-day follow-up, artesunate did not clear mature gametocytes during treatment and did not prevent the appearance of new stage V gametocytes as assessed by light microscopy. Baseline gametocyte carriage was significantly higher 6 years after the deployment of artemisinin-based combination therapies in this setting.

Published
2016
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26. Efficacy of Cipargamin (KAE609) in a Randomized, Phase II Dose-Escalation Study in Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa With Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria.

Author

Schmitt, Esther K, Ndayisaba, Gilles, Yeka, Adoke, Asante, Kwaku Poku, Grobusch, Martin P, Karita, Etienne, Mugerwa, Henry, Asiimwe, Stephen, Oduro, Abraham, Fofana, Bakary, Doumbia, Seydou, Su, Guoqin, Renner, Katalin Csermak, Venishetty, Vinay Kumar, Sayyed, Sarfaraz, Straimer, Judith, Demin, Ivan, Barsainya, Sarita, Boulton, Caroline, and Gandhi, Preetam

Subjects
DRUG therapy for malaria, DRUG efficacy, BIOMARKERS, RESEARCH, PROTOZOA, PARASITOLOGY, DRUG resistance, MOLECULAR pathology, MALARIA, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, TREATMENT failure, MICROBIOLOGICAL techniques, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ANTIMALARIALS, POLYMERASE chain reaction, EVALUATION, ADULTS
Abstract

Background Cipargamin (KAE609) is a potent antimalarial in a phase II trial. Here we report efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and resistance marker analysis across a range of cipargamin doses. These were secondary endpoints from a study primarily conducted to assess the hepatic safety of cipargamin (hepatic safety data are reported elsewhere). Methods This phase II, multicenter, randomized, open-label, dose-escalation trial was conducted in sub-Saharan Africa in adults with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Cipargamin monotherapy was given as single doses up to 150 mg or up to 50 mg once daily for 3 days, with artemether-lumefantrine as control. Key efficacy endpoints were parasite clearance time (PCT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–corrected and uncorrected adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) at 14 and 28 days. Pharmacokinetics and molecular markers of drug resistance were also assessed. Results All single or multiple cipargamin doses ≥50 mg were associated with rapid parasite clearance, with median PCT of 8 hours versus 24 hours for artemether-lumefantrine. PCR-corrected ACPR at 14 and 28 days was >75% and 65%, respectively, for each cipargamin dose. A treatment-emerging mutation in the Pfatp4 gene, G358S, was detected in 65% of treatment failures. Pharmacokinetic parameters were consistent with previous data, and approximately dose proportional. Conclusions Cipargamin, at single doses of 50 to 150 mg, was associated with very rapid parasite clearance, PCR-corrected ACPR at 28 days of >65% in adults with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, and recrudescent parasites frequently harbored a treatment-emerging mutation. Cipargamin will be further developed with a suitable combination partner. Clinical Trials Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03334747). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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27. Variation in Neutrophil Levels and Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy Efficacy in West-africa

Author

Djimde, Moussa, primary, Tshiongo, Japhet Kabalu, additional, Kayentao, Kassoum, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Arama, Charles, additional, Sodiomo, Siriman, additional, Ouedraogo, Jean Bosco, additional, Beavogui, Abdoul Habib, additional, Sagara, Issaka, additional, Dicko, Alassane, additional, Mens, Petra F., additional, Schallig, Henk D. F. H., additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye, additional

Published
2020
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28. PS-003: EVIDENCE-INFORMED POLICY MAKING: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Author

Makanga, Michael, Beattie, Pauline, Breugelmans, Gabrielle, Nyirenda, Thomas, Bockarie, Moses, Tanner, Marcel, Volmink, Jimmy, Hankins, Catherine, Walzl, Gerhard, Chegou, Novel, Malherbe, Stephanus, Hatherill, Mark, Scriba, Thomas J., Zak, Daniel E., Barry, Clifton E., Kaufmann, Stefan H.E., Noor, Abdisalan, Strub-Wourgaft, Nathalie, Phillips, Patrick, Munguambe, Khátia, Ravinetto, Raffaella, Tinto, Halidou, Diro, Ermias, Mahendrahata, Yodi, Okebe, Joseph, Rijal, Suman, Garcia, Coralith, Sundar, Shyam, Ndayisaba, Gilles, Sopheak, Thai, Ngoduc, Thang, Loen, Harry Van, Jacobs, Jan, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Boelaert, Marleen, Buvé, Anne, Kamalo, Patrick, Manda-Taylor, Lucinda, Rennie, Stuart, Mokgatla, Boitumelo, Bahati, Prince, Ijsselmuiden, Carel, Afolabi, Muhammed, Mcgrath, Nuala, Kampmann, Beate, Imoukhuede, Egeruan, Alexander, Neal, Larson, Heidi, Chandramohan, Daniel, Bojang, Kalifa, Kasaro, Margaret Phiri, Muluka, Brenda, Kaunda, Kaunda, Morse, Jill, Westfall, Andrew, Kapata, Nathan, Kruuner, Annika, Henostroza, German, Reid, Stewart, Alabi, Abraham, Foguim, Francis, Sankarganesh, Jeyaraj, Bruske, Ellen, Mfoumbi, Arnault, Mevyann, Chester, Adegnika, Ayola, Lell, Bertrand, Kranzer, Katharina, Kremsner, Peter, Grobusch, Martin, Sabiiti, Wilber, Ntinginya, Nyanda, Kuchaka, Davis, Azam, Khalide, Kampira, Elizabeth, Mtafya, Bariki, Bowness, Ruth, Bhatt, Nilesh, Davies, Gerry, Kibiki, Gibson, Gillespie, Stephen, Lejon, Veerle, Ilboudo, Hamidou, Mumba, Dieudonné, Camara, Mamady, Kaba, Dramane, Lumbala, Crispin, Fèvre, Eric, Jamonneau, Vincent, Bucheton, Bruno, Büscher, Philippe, Chisenga, Caroline, Sinkala, Edford, Chilengi, Roma, Chitundu, Hellen, Zyambo, Zude, Wandeler, Gilles, Vinikoor, Michael, Emilie, Dama, Camara, Oumou, Mathurin, Koffi, Guiguigbaza-Kossigan, Dayo, Philippe, Büscher, Regassa, Fikru, Hassane, Sakande, Bienvenu, Somda Martin, Fabrice, Courtin, Ouédraogo, Elie, Kouakou, Lingue, Owusu, Michael, Mensah, Eric, Enimil, Anthony, Mutocheluh, Mohamed, Ndongo, Francis Ateba, Tejiokem, Mathurin Cyrille, Texier, Gaetan, Penda, Calixte, Ndiang, Suzie, Ndongo, Jean-Audrey, Guemkam, Georgette, Sofeu, Casimir Ledoux, Afumbom, Kfutwa, Faye, Albert, Msellati, Philippe, Warszawski, Josiane, Vos, Alinda, Devillé, Walter, Barth, Roos, Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin, Tempelman, Hugo, Venter, François, Coutinho, Roel, Grobbee, Diederick, Ssemwanga, Deogratius, Lyagoba, Frederick, Magambo, Brian, Kapaata, Anne, Kirangwa, Joseph, Nannyonjo, Maria, Nassolo, Faridah, Nsubuga, Rebecca, Yebra, Gonzalo, Brown, Andrew, Kaleebu, Pontiano, Nylén, Hanna, Habtewold, Abiy, Makonnen, Eyasu, Yimer, Getnet, Burhenne, Jürgen, Diczfalusy, Ulf, Aklillu, Eleni, Steele, Duncan, Walker, Richard, Simuyandi, Michelo, Beres, Laura, Bosomprah, Samuel, Ansumana, Rashid, Taitt, C., Lamin, J.M., Jacobsen, K.H., Mulvaney, S.P., Leski, T., Bangura, U., Stenger, D., Vries, Sophie De, Zinsou, Frejus Jeannot, Honkpehedji, J, Dejon, Jean Claude, Loembe, Marguerite Massinga, Bache, Bache, Pakker, Nadine, Leeuwen, Remko Van, Hounkpatin, Aurore Bouyoukou, Yazdanbakhsh, Maria, Bethony, Jeffrey, Hotez, Peter, Diemert, David, Bache, Bache Emmanuel, Fernandes, José F., Mba, Régis M Obiang, Kabwende, Anita L., Grobusch, Martin P., Krishna, Sanjeev, Kremsner, Peter G., Todagbe, Agnandji Selidji, Nambozi, Michael, Kabuya, Jean-Bertin, Hachizovu, Sebastian, Mwakazanga, David, Kasongo, Webster, Buyze, Jozefien, Mulenga, Modest, Geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, Gitaka, Jesse, Chan, Chim, Kongere, James, Kagaya, Wataru, Kaneko, Akira, Kabore, Naomie, Barry, Nouhoun, Kabre, Zachari, Werme, Karidia, Fofana, Aminata, Compaore, Daniel, Nikiema, Frederic, Some, Fabrice, Djimde, Abdoulaye, Zongo, Issaka, Ouedraogo, Bosco, Kone, Aminatou, Sagara, Issaka, Björkman, Anders, Gil, Jose Pedro, Nchinda, Godwin, Bopda, Alain, Nji, Nadesh, Ambada, Georgia, Ngu, Loveline, Tchadji, Jules, Sake, Carol, Magagoum, Suzanne, Njambe, Ghislain D., Lisom, Abel, Park, Chae Gyu, Tait, Dereck, Sibusiso, Hlatjwako, Manda, Olga, Croucher, Kristin, Westhuizen, Anja Van Der, Mshanga, Isaac, Levin, Jonathan, Nanvubya, Annet, Kibengo, Freddie, Jaoko, Walter, Pala, Pietro, Perreau, Matthieu, Namuniina, Annemarie, Kitandwe, Paul, Tapia, Gonzalo, Serwanga, Jennifer, Yates, Nicole, Fast, Pat, Mayer, Bryan, Montefiori, David, Tomaras, Georgia, Robb, Merlin, Lee, Carter, Wagner, Ralf, Sanders, Edward, Kilembe, William, Kiwanuka, Noah, Gilmour, Jill, Kuipers, Hester, Vooij, Dani, Chinyenze, Kundai, Priddy, Frances, Ding, Song, Hanke, Tom, Pantaleo, Giuseppe, Ngasala, Billy, Jovel, Irina, Malmberg, Maja, Mmbando, Bruno, Premji, Zul, Mårtensson, Andreas, Mwaiswelo, Richard, Agbor, Lenshina, Apinjoh, Tobias, Mwanza, Sydney, Chileshe, Justin, Joshi, Sudhaunshu, Malunga, Phidelis, Manyando, Christine, Laufer, Miriam, Dara, Antoine, Niangaly, Amadou, Sinha, Indranil, Brodin, David, Fofana, Bakary, Dama, Souleymane, Dembele, Demba, Sidibe, Bakary, Diallo, Nouhoum, Thera, Mahamadou, Wright, Karin, Gil, Jose, Doumbo, Ogobara, Baraka, Vito, Nabasumba, Carolyn, Francis, Filbert, Lutumba, Pascal, Mavoko, Hypolite, Alifrangis, Michael, Geertruyden, Jean-Pierre Van, Sissoko, Sekou, Sangaré, Cheick, Toure, Sekou, Sanogo, Kassim, Diakite, Hamadoun, Toure, Siaka, Doumbia, Diagassan, Haidara, Kadiatou, Julé, Amélie, Ashurst, Hazel, Merson, Laura, Olliaro, Piero, Marsh, Vicki, Lang, Trudie, Guérin, Philippe, Awuondo, Kennedy, Njenga, Daniel, Nyakarungu, Elizabeth, Titus, Pauline, Sutamihardja, Awalludin, Lowe, Brett, Ogutu, Bernhards, Billingsley, Peter, Soulama, Issiaka, Kaboré, Moïse, Coulibaly, Aboubacar, Ouattara, Maurice, Sanon, Souleymane, Diarra, Amidou, Bougouma, Edith, Ouedraogo, Alphonse, Sombie, Benjamin, Ouedraogo, Amidou, Kargougou, Désiré, Ouattara, Daouda, Issa, Nebie, Tiono, Alfred, Sirima, Sodiomon, Chaponda, Mike, Dabira, Edgard, Dao, François, Dara, Nianwalou, Sidibe, Bouran, Coulibaly, Moctar, Tolo, Allaye, Maiga, Hamma, Ouologuem, Nouhoum, Niangaly, Hamidou, Botchway, Felix, Wilson, Nana, Dickinson-Copeland, Carmen M, Adjei, Andrew A., Wilson, Michael, Stiles, Jonathan K., Hamid, Muzamil Abdel, Awad-Elgeid, Mona, Nasr, Awad, Netongo, Palmer, Kamdem, Séverin, Velavan, Thirumalaisamy, Lasry, Estrella, Diarra, Modibo, Bamadio, Amadou, Traore, Aliou, Coumare, Samba, Soma, Bahonan, Dicko, Yeyia, Sangare, Boubou, Tembely, Aly, Traore, Djibril, Haidara, Aboubecrin, Dicko, Alassane, Diawara, Elisabeth, Beavogui, Abdoul, Camara, Daouda, Sylla, Malick, Yattara, Mohamed, Sow, Amadou, Camara, Gnèpou Camara, Diallo, Saliou, Mombo-Ngoma, Ghyslain, Remppis, Jonathan, Sievers, Moritz, Manego, Rella Zoleko, Endamne, Lilian, Hutchinson, David, Held, Jana, Supan, Christian, Salazar, Carmen L. Ospina, Bonkian, Léa Nadège, Nahum, Alain, Sié, Ali, Abdulla, Salim, Cantalloube, Cathy, Djeriou, Elhadj, Bouyou-Akotet, Marielle, Mordmüller, Benjamin, Siribie, Mohamadou, Sirima, Sodiomon B., Ouattara, San Maurice, Coulibaly, Sam, Kabore, Jean Moïse, Amidou, Diarra, Tekete, Mamadou, Burhenne, Juergen, Traore, Oumar, Haefeli, Walter, Borrmann, Steffen, Kaboré, Naomie, Kabré, Zachari, Nikèma, Fréderic, Compaoré, Daniel, Somé, Fabrice, Djimdé, Abdoulaye, Ouédraogo, Jean, Chalwe, Victor, Miller, John, Diakité, Hamadoun, Greco, Beatrice, Spangenberg, Thomas, Kourany-Lefoll, Elly, Oeuvray, Claude, Mulry, Jim, Tyagarajan, Kamala, Magsaam, Bettina, Barnes, Karen, Hodel, Eva Maria, Humphreys, Georgina, Pace, Cheryl, Banda, C.G, Denti, Paulo, Allen, Elizabeth, Lalloo, David, Mwapasa, Victor, Terlouw, Anja, Mwesigwa, Julia, Achan, Jane, Jawara, Musa, Ditanna, Gian, Worwui, Archibald, Affara, Muna, Koukouikila-Koussounda, Félix, Kombo, Michael, Vouvoungui, Christevy, Ntoumi, Francine, Etoka-Beka, Mandingha Kosso, Deibert, Julia, Poulain, Pierre, Kobawila, Simon, Gueye, Nerly Gampio, Koukouikila-Koussounda, Felix, Seda, Brian, Kwambai, Titus, Jangu, Phelix, Samuels, Aaron, ter Kuile, Feike, Kariuki, Simon, Barry, Aissata, Bousema, Teun, Okech, Brenda, Egwang, Thomas, Corran, Patrick, Riley, Eleanor, Ezennia, Ifeoma, Ekwunife, Obinna, Muleba, Mbanga, Stevenson, Jennifer, Mbata, Keith, Coetzee, Maureen, Norris, Douglas, Moneke-Anyanwoke, Ngozi, Momodou, Jasseh, Clarke, Ed, Scott, Susana, Tijani, Adelani, Djimde, Moussa, Vaillant, Michel, Samouda, Hanen, Mensah, Victorine, Roetynck, Sophie, Kanteh, Ebrima, Bowyer, Georgina, Ndaw, Amy, Oko, Francis, Bliss, Carly, Jagne, Ya Jankey, Cortese, Riccardo, Nicosia, Alfredo, Roberts, Rachel, D'Alessio, Flavia, Leroy, Odile, Faye, Babacar, Cisse, Badara, Gerry, Stephen, Viebig, Nicola, Lawrie, Alison, Ewer, Katie, Hill, Adrian, Nebie, Issa, Tiono, Alfred B, Sanou, Guillaume, Konate, Amadou T, Yaro, Baptiste J, Sodiomon, Sirima, Honkpehedji, Yabo, Agobe, Jean Claude Dejon, Zinsou, Frejus, Mengue, Juliana, Richie, Thomas, Hoffman, Stephen, Nouatin, Odilon, Ngoa, Ulysse Ateba, Edoa, Jean R, Homoet, Andreas, Engelhon, Julie Englhon, Massinga-Louembe, Marguerite, Esen, Meral, Theisen, Michael, Sim, Kim Lee, Luty, Adrian Jf, Moutairou, Kabirou, Dinko, Bismarck, King, Elizabeth, Targett, Geoffrey, Sutherland, Colin, Likhovole, Clement, Ouma, Collins, Vulule, John, Musau, Susan, Khayumbi, Jeremiah, Okumu, Albert, Murithi, Wilfred, Otu, Jacob, Gehre, Florian, Zingue, Dezemon, Kudzawu, Samuel, Forson, Audrey, Mane, Morto, Rabna, Paulo, Diarra, Bassirou, Kayede, Salako, Adebiyi, Emmanuel, Kehinde, Aderemi, Onyejepu, Nneka, Onubogu, Catherine, Idigbe, Emmanuel, Ba, Awa, Diallo, Aissatou, Mboup, Souleymane, Disse, Kodjo, Kadanga, Gerard, Dagnra, Yaotse, Baldeh, Ignatius, Corrah, Tumani, Jong, Bouke De, Antonio, Martin, Musanabaganwa, Clarisse, Musabyimana, Jean Pierre, Karita, Etienne, Diop, Blondin, Nambajimana, Abidan, Dushimiyimana, Valentine, Karame, Prosper, Russell, Jim, Ndoli, Jules, Hategekimana, Theobald, Sendegeya, Augustin, Condo, Jeannine, Binagwaho, Agnes, Okonko, Iheanyi, Okerentugba, Phillip, Opaleye, Oluyinka, Awujo, Ezinwanne, Frank-Peterside, Nnenna, Moyo, Sikhulile, Kotokwe, Kenanao, Mohammed, Terence, Boleo, Coretah, Mupfumi, Lucy, Chishala, Samuel, Gaseitsiwe, Simani, Tsalaile, Lesedi, Bussmann, Herman, Makhema, Joseph, Baum, Marianna, Marlink, Richard, Engelbretch, Susan, Essex, Max, Novitsky, Vladimir, Saka, Emmanuel, Kalipalire, Zex, Bhairavabhotla, Ravikiran, Midiani, Dalitso, Sherman, Judith, Mgode, Georgies, Cox, Christophe, Bwana, Dickens, Mtui, Leah, Magesa, Daniel, Kahwa, Amos, Mfinanga, Godfrey, Mulder, Christiaan, Borain, Nick, Petersen, Lizette, Plessis, Julianne Du, Theron, Grant, Holm-Hansen, Carol, Tekwu, Emmanuel Mouafo, Sidze, Larissa Kamgue, Assam, Jean Paul Assam, Eyangoh, Sarah, Niemann, Stefan, Beng, Veronique Penlap, Frank, Matthias, Atiadeve, Samuel, Hilmann, Doris, Awoniyi, Dolapo, Baumann, Ralf, Kriel, Belinda, Jacobs, Ruschca, Kidd, Martin, Loxton, Andre, Kaempfer, Susanne, Singh, Mahavir, Mwanza, Winnie, Milimo, Deborah, Moyo, Maureen, Kasese, Nkatya, Cheeba-Lengwe, Maina, Munkondya, Stembiso, Ayles, Helen, Haas, Petra De, Muyoyeta, Monde, Namuganga, Anna Ritah, Kizza, Harriet Mayanja, Mendy, Alieu, Tientcheu, Leopold, Ayorinde, Abigail, Coker, Edward, Egere, Uzochukwu, Coussens, Anna, Naude, Celeste, Chaplin, George, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Martineau, Adrian, Jablonski, Nina, Wilkinson, Robert, Ouedraogo, Henri Gautier, Matteelli, Alberto, Regazzi, Mario, Tarnagda, Grissoum, Villani, Paola, Sulis, Giorgia, Diagbouga, Serge, Roggi, Alberto, Giorgetti, Francesco, Kouanda, Seni, Bidias, Amel, Ndjonka, Dieudonné, Olemba, Clémence, Souleymanou, Arabo, Mukonzo, Jackson, Kuteesa, Ronald, Ogwal-Okeng, Jasper, Gustafsson, Lars L., Owen, Joel, Bassi, Peter, Gashau, Wadzani, Olaf, Klungel, Dodoo, Alexander, Okonkwo, Prosper, Kanki, Phyllis, Maruapula, Dorcas, Seraise, Boitumelo, Einkauf, Kevin, Reilly, Amanda, Rowley, Christopher, Musonda, Rosemary, Framhein, Anna, Mpagama, Stella, Semvua, Hadija, Maboko, Leonard, Hoelscher, Michael, Heinrich, Norbert, Mulenga, Lloyd, Kaayunga, Callistus, Davies, Mary-Ann, Egger, Matthias, Musukuma, Kalo, Dambe, Rosalia, Usadi, Benjamin, Ngari, Moses, Thitiri, Johnstone, Mwalekwa, Laura, Fegan, Greg, Berkley, James, Nsagha, Dickson, Munamunungu, Virginia, Bolton, Carolyn, Siyunda, Alice, Shilimi, Jacinta, Bucciardini, Raffaella, Fragola, Vincenzo, Abegaz, Teshome, Lucattini, Stefano, Halifom, Atakilt, Tadesse, Eskedar, Berhe, Micheal, Pugliese, Katherina, Castro, Paola De, Terlizzi, Roberta, Fucili, Luca, Gregorio, Massimiliano Di, Mirra, Marco, Zegeye, Teame, Binelli, Andrea, Vella, Stefano, Abraham, Loko, Godefay, Hagos, Rakotoarivelo, Rivo, Raberahona, Mihaja, Randriamampionona, Njary, Andriamihaja, Rabezanahary, Rasamoelina, Tahinamandranto, Cornet, Muriel, Randria, Mamy Jean De Dieu, Benet, Thomas, Vanhems, Philippe, Andrianarivelo, Mala Rakoto, Chirwa, Uchizi, Michelo, Charles, Hamoonga, Raymond, Wandiga, Steve, Oduor, Patience, Agaya, Janet, Sharma, Aditya, Cavanaugh, Sean, Cain, Kevin, Mukisa, John, Mupere, Ezekiel, Worodria, William, Ngom, Justice Trésor, Koro, Francioli, Godwe, Celestin, Adande, Clemence, Ateugieu, Romaric, Onana, Tatiana, Ngono, Annie, Kamdem, Yannick, Ngo-Niobe, Sara, Etoa, François-Xavier, Kanengoni, Muchineripi, Ruzario, Sithembile, Ndebele, Paul, Shana, Melody, Tarumbiswa, Fadzai, Musesengwa, Rosemary, Gutsire, Rutendo, Fisher, Kevin, Thyagarajan, Bargavi, Akanbi, Olusola, Binuyo, Michael, Ssengooba, Willy, Respeito, Durval, Mambuque, Edson, Blanco, Silvia, Mandomando, Inacio, Cobelens, Frank, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto, Tamene, Ayele, Topp, Stephanie, Mwamba, Chanda, Padian, Nancy, Sikazwe, Izukanji, Geng, Elvin, Holmes, Charles, Sikombe, Kombatende, Hantuba, Cardinal, Czaicki, Nancy, Simbeza, Sandra, Somwe, Paul, Umulisa, Michele, Ilo, Jennifer, Kestelyn, Evelyne, Uwineza, Mireille, Agaba, Stephen, Delvaux, Therese, Wijgert, Janneke, Gethi, Dickson, Odeny, Lazarus, Tamandjou, Cynthia, Kaindjee-Tjituka, Francina, Brandt, Laura, Cotton, Mark, Nel, Etienne, Preiser, Wolfgang, Andersson, Monique, Adepoju, Abiola, Magana, Musa, Etsetowaghan, Andrew, Chilikwazi, Mutinta, Sutcliffe, Catherine, Thuma, Philip, Sinywimaanzi, Kathy, Matakala, Hellen, Munachoonga, Passwell, Moss, William, Masenza, Issa Sabi, Geisenberger, Otto, Agrea, Peter, Rwegoshora, France, Mahiga, Hellen, Olomi, Willyhelmina, Kroidl, Arne, Kayode, Gbenga, Amoakoh-Coleman, Mary, Ansah, Evelyn, Uthman, Olalekan, Fokam, Joseph, Santoro, Maria-Mercedes, Musolo, Chrissie, Chimbiri, Isabel, Chikwenga, Gloria, Deula, Ruth, Massari, Riccardo, Lungu, Agness, Perno, Carlo-Federico, Ndzengue, Georgia, Loveline, Ngu, Lissom, Abel, Flaurent, Tchouangueu, Sosso, Samuel, Essomba, Claudine, Kpeli, Grace, Otchere, Isaac, Lamelas, Araceli, Buultjens, Andrew, Bulach, Dieter, Baines, Sarah, Seemann, Torsten, Giulieri, Stefano, Nakobu, Zuliehatu, Aboagye, Samuel, Owusu-Mireku, Evelyn, Danso, Emelia, Hauser, Julia, Hinic, Vladimira, Pluschke, Gerd, Stinear, Timothy, Yeboah-Manu, Dorothy, Elshayeb, Ayman, Siddig, Marmar El, Ahmed, Abdel Azim, Hussien, Adil El, Kabwe, Mwila, Tembo, John, Chilukutu, Lophina, Chilufya, Moses, Ngulube, Francis, Lukwesa, Chileshe, Enne, Virve, Wexner, Hannah, Mwananyanda, Lawrence, Hamer, Davidson, Sinyangwe, Sylvester, Ahmed, Yusuf, Klein, Nigel, Maeurer, Markus, Zumla, Ali, Bates, Matthew, Beyala, Landry, Etienne, Guenou, Anthony, Njimbia, Benjamin, Azike, Ateudjieu, Jerome, Chibwe, Bertha, Ojok, David, Tarr, Christine Attia, Perez, Guillermo Martinez, Omeonga, Senga, Kibungu, Fanta, Meyer, Ana, Lansana, Peter, Mayor, Alfredo, Onyango, Peter, Loggerenberg, François Van, Furtado, Tamzin, Boggs, Liam, Segrt, Alexis, Dochez, Carine, Burnett, Rosemary, Mphahlele, M. Jeffrey, Miiro, George, Mbidde, Edward, Peshu, Norbert, Kivaya, Esther, Ngowi, Bernard, Kavishe, Reginald, Maowia, Mukhtar, Sandstrom, Eric, Ayuo, Elizabeth, Mmbaga, Blandina, Leisegang, Cordelia, Thorpe, Marie, Batchilly, Elizabeth, N'Guessan, Jean-Pierre, Kanteh, Dembo, Søfteland, Solrun, Sebitloane, Motshedisi, Vwalika, Bellington, Taylor, Myra, Galappaththi-Arachchige, Hashini, Holmen, Sigve, Gundersen, Svein Gunnar, Ndhlovu, Patricia, Kjetland, Eyrun Floerecke, Kombe, Francis, Toohey, Jacintha, Pienaar, Elizabeth, Kredo, Tamara, Cham, Pa Modou, Abubakar, Ismaela, Dondeh, Bai Lamin, Vischer, Nerina, Pfeiffer, Constanze, Burri, Christian, Musukwa, Kalo, Zürcher, Samuel, Mwandu, Temwani, Bauer, Sophie, Adriko, Moses, Mwaura, Peter, Omolloh, Kevin, Jones, Clarer, Malecela, Mwelecele, Hamidu, Buhari Adamu, Jenner, Tettevi Edward, Asiedu, Larbi John, Osei-Atweneboana, Mike, Afeke, Innocent, Addo, Phyllis, Newman, Mercy, Durnez, Lies, Eddyani, Miriam, Ammisah, Nana, Abas, Mona, Quartey, Maxwell, Ablordey, Anthony, Akinwale, Olaoluwa, Adeneye, Adeniyi, Ezeugwu, Sylvanus, Olukosi, Yetunde, Adewale, Babatunde, Sulyman, Medinat, Mafe, Margaret, Okwuzu, Jane, Gyang, Pam, Nwafor, Timothy, Henry, Uzoma, Musa, Bilkisu, Ujah, Innocent, Agobé, Jean Claude Dejon, Grau-Pujol, Berta, Sacoor, Charfudin, Nhabomba, Augusto, Casellas, Aina, Quintó, Llorenç, Subirà, Carme, Giné, Ricard, Valentín, Antònia, Muñoz, Jose, Nikiema, Marguerite, Ky-Ba, Absatou, Comapore, Kiswendsida Abdou Muller, Traore, Alfred, Sangare, Lassana, Oluremi, Adeolu, Michel, Mandro, Camara, Yaya, Sanneh, Bakary, Cuamba, Inocencia, Gutiérrez, Jose, Lázaro, Carlota, Mejia, Rojelio, Adedeji, Abimbola, Folorunsho, Sola, Demehin, Pelumi, Akinsanya, Bamidele, Cowley, Giovanna, Silva, Eunice Teixeira Da, Nabicassa, Meno, Barros, Pedrozinho Duarte Pereira De, Blif, Milena Mbote, Bailey, Robin, Last, Anna, Mahendradhata, Yodi, Gotuzzo, Eduardo, Nys, Kateljine De, Casteels, Minnes, Nona, Sylvie Kwedi, Lumeka, Kabwende, Todagbe, Agnandji, Djima, Mariam Mama, Ukpong, Morenike, Sagay, Atiene, Khamofu, Hadiza, Torpey, Kwasi, Afiadigwe, Evaristus, Anenih, James, Ezechi, Oliver, Nweneka, Chidi, Idoko, John, Muhumuza, Simon, Katahoire, Anne, Nuwaha, Fred, Olsen, Annette, Okeyo, Seth, Omollo, Raymond, Kimutai, Robert, Ochieng, Michael, Egondi, Thaddaeus, Moonga, Clement, Chileshe, Chisele, Magwende, George, Anumudu, Chiaka, Onile, Olugbenga, Oladele, Victoria, Adebayo, Adewale, Awobode, Henrietta, Oyeyemi, Oyetunde, Odaibo, Alexander, Kabuye, Emily, Lutalo, Tom, Njua-Yafi, Clarisse, Nkuo-Akenji, Theresa, Anchang-Kimbi, Judith, Mugri, Regina, Chi, Hanesh, Tata, Rolland, Njumkeng, Charles, Dodoo, Daniel, Achidi, Eric, Fernandes, José, Bache, Emmanuel B., Matakala, Kalumbu, Searle, Kelly, Greenman, Michelle, and Rainwater-Lovett, Kaitlin

Subjects
Abstracts of Poster Presentations, Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Author Index, Abstracts of Presentations in Plenary Sessions, Article, Abstracts of the Eighth Edctp Forum, 6–9 November 2016
Published
2017

29. Efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria: revisiting molecular markers in an area of emerging AQ and SP resistance in Mali

Author

Wele Mamadou, Dembele Demba, Kone Aminatou, Dama Souleymane, Ouologuem Dinkorma, Fofana Bakary, Sagara Issaka, Maiga Hamma, Beavogui Abdoul H, Djimde Abdoulaye A, Tekete Mamadou, Dicko Alassane, and Doumbo Ogobara K

Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background To update the National Malaria Control Programme of Mali on the efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Methods During the malaria transmission seasons of 2002 and 2003, 455 children – between six and 59 months of age, with uncomplicated malaria in Kolle, Mali, were randomly assigned to one of three treatment arms. In vivo outcomes were assessed using WHO standard protocols. Genotyping of msp1, msp2 and CA1 polymorphisms were used to distinguish reinfection from recrudescent parasites (molecular correction). Results Day 28 adequate clinical and parasitological responses (ACPR) were 14.1%, 62.3% and 88.9% in 2002 and 18.2%, 60% and 85.2% in 2003 for chloroquine, amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, respectively. After molecular correction, ACPRs (cACPR) were 63.2%, 88.5% and 98.0% in 2002 and 75.5%, 85.2% and 96.6% in 2003 for CQ, AQ and SP, respectively. Amodiaquine was the most effective on fever. Amodiaquine therapy selected molecular markers for chloroquine resistance, while in the sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine arm the level of dhfr triple mutant and dhfr/dhps quadruple mutant increased from 31.5% and 3.8% in 2002 to 42.9% and 8.9% in 2003, respectively. No infection with dhps 540E was found. Conclusion In this study, treatment with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine emerged as the most efficacious on uncomplicated falciparum malaria followed by amodiaquine. The study demonstrated that sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine were appropriate partner drugs that could be associated with artemisinin derivatives in an artemisinin-based combination therapy.

Published
2009
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30. Differential infectivity of gametocytes after artemisinin-based combination therapy of uncomplicated falciparum malaria

Author

Ouologuem, Dinkorma T., primary, Kone, Cheick O., additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Sidibe, Bakary, additional, Togo, Amadou H., additional, Dembele, Demba, additional, Toure, Sekou, additional, Koumare, Sekou, additional, Toure, Ousmane, additional, Sagara, Issaka, additional, Toure, Abdoulaye, additional, Dao, Adama, additional, Doumbo, Ogobara K., additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye A., additional

Published
2018
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31. Pyronaridine–artesunate or dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine versus current first-line therapies for repeated treatment of uncomplicated malaria: a randomised, multicentre, open-label, longitudinal, controlled, phase 3b/4 trial

Author

Sagara, Issaka, primary, Beavogui, Abdoul Habib, additional, Zongo, Issaka, additional, Soulama, Issiaka, additional, Borghini-Fuhrer, Isabelle, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Traore, Aliou, additional, Diallo, Nouhoum, additional, Diakite, Hamadoun, additional, Togo, Amadou H, additional, Koumare, Sekou, additional, Keita, Mohamed, additional, Camara, Daouda, additional, Somé, Anyirékun F, additional, Coulibaly, Aboubacar S, additional, Traore, Oumar B, additional, Dama, Souleymane, additional, Goita, Siaka, additional, Djimde, Moussa, additional, Bamadio, Amadou, additional, Dara, Niawanlou, additional, Maiga, Hamma, additional, Sidibe, Bouran, additional, Dao, Francois, additional, Coulibaly, Moctar, additional, Alhousseini, Mohamed Lamine, additional, Niangaly, Hamidou, additional, Sangare, Boubou, additional, Diarra, Modibo, additional, Coumare, Samba, additional, Kabore, Moïse J T, additional, Ouattara, San Maurice, additional, Barry, Aissata, additional, Kargougou, Désiré, additional, Diarra, Amidou, additional, Henry, Noelie, additional, Soré, Harouna, additional, Bougouma, Edith C, additional, Thera, Ismaila, additional, Compaore, Yves D, additional, Sutherland, Colin J, additional, Sylla, Malick Minkael, additional, Nikiema, Frederic, additional, Diallo, Mamadou Saliou, additional, Dicko, Alassane, additional, Picot, Stephane, additional, Borrmann, Steffen, additional, Duparc, Stephan, additional, Miller, Robert M, additional, Doumbo, Ogobara K, additional, Shin, Jangsik, additional, Gil, Jose Pedro, additional, Björkman, Anders, additional, Ouedraogo, Jean-Bosco, additional, Sirima, Sodiomon B, additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye A, additional

Published
2018
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33. PF3D7_1343700 KELCH PROPELLER (K13-PROPELLER) POLYMORPHISMS AND ARTESUNATE MONOTHERAPY EFFICACY IN UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA TREATMENT IN MALI

Author

Sissoko, Sekou, primary, Kone, Aminatou, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Sangaré, Cheick, additional, Dembele, Demba, additional, Toure, Sekou, additional, Sanogo, Kassim, additional, Diakite, Hamadoun, additional, Toure, Siaka, additional, Doumbia, Diagassan, additional, Haidara, Kadiatou, additional, Doumbo, Ogobara, additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye, additional

Published
2017
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35. EFFECT OF ARTESUNATE MONOTHERAPY ONPLASMODIUM FALCIPARUMIN VIVO GENOMIC EXPRESSION

Author

Kone, Aminatou, primary, Dara, Antoine, additional, Niangaly, Amadou, additional, Sinha, Indranil, additional, Brodin, David, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Dama, Souleymane, additional, Dembele, Demba, additional, Sidibe, Bakary, additional, Diallo, Nouhoum, additional, Thera, Mahamadou, additional, Sagara, Issaka, additional, Wright, Karin, additional, Björkman, Anders, additional, Gil, Jose, additional, Doumbo, Ogobara, additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye, additional

Published
2017
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36. Clinical determinants of early parasitological response to ACTs in African patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a literature review and meta-analysis of individual patient data

Author

Abdulla, Salim, Adam, Ishag, Adjei, George O., Adjuik, Martin A., Alemayehu, Bereket, Allan, Richard, Arinaitwe, Emmanuel, Ashley, Elizabeth A., Ba, Mamadou S., Barennes, Hubert, Barnes, Karen I., Bassat, Quique, Baudin, Elisabeth, Berens-Riha, Nicole, Bjoerkman, Anders, Bompart, Francois, Bonnet, Maryline, Borrmann, Steffen, Bousema, Teun, Brasseur, Philippe, Bukirwa, Hasifa, Checchi, Francesco, Dahal, Prabin, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Desai, Meghna, Dicko, Alassane, Djimde, Abdoulaye A., Dorsey, Grant, Doumbo, Ogobara K., Drakeley, Chris J., Duparc, Stephan, Eshetu, Teferi, Espie, Emmanuelle, Etard, Jean-Francois, Faiz, Abul M., Falade, Catherine O., Fanello, Caterina I., Faucher, Jean-Francois, Faye, Babacar, Faye, Oumar, Filler, Scott, Flegg, Jennifer A., Fofana, Bakary, Fogg, Carole, Gadalla, Nahla B., Gaye, Oumar, Genton, Blaise, Gething, Peter W., Gil, Jose P., Gonzalez, Raquel, Grandesso, Francesco, Greenhouse, Bryan, Greenwood, Brian, Grivoyannis, Anastasia, Guerin, Philippe J., Guthmann, Jean-Paul, Hamed, Kamal, Hamour, Sally, Hay, Simon I., Hodel, Eva Maria, Humphreys, Georgina S., Hwang, Jimee, Ibrahim, Maman L., Jima, Daddi, Jones, Joel J., Jullien, Vincent, Juma, Elizabeth, Kachur, Patrick S., Kager, Piet A., Kamugisha, Erasmus, Kamya, Moses R., Karema, Corine, Kayentao, Kassoum, Kiechel, Jean-Rene, Kironde, Fred, Kofoed, Poul-Erik, Kremsner, Peter G., Krishna, Sanjeev, Lameyre, Valerie, Lell, Bertrand, Lima, Angeles, Makanga, Michael, Malik, ElFatih M., Marsh, Kevin, Martensson, Andreas, Massougbodji, Achille, Menan, Herve, Menard, Didier, Menendez, Clara, Mens, Petra F., Meremikwu, Martin, Moreira, Clarissa, Nabasumba, Carolyn, Nambozi, Michael, Ndiaye, Jean-Louis, Ngasala, Billy E., Nikiema, Frederic, Nsanzabana, Christian, Ntoumi, Francine, Oguike, Mary, Ogutu, Bernhards R., Olliaro, Piero, Omar, Sabah A., Ouedraogo, Jean-Bosco, Owusu-Agyei, Seth, Penali, Louis K., Pene, Mbaye, Peshu, Judy, Piola, Patrice, Plowe, Christopher V., Premji, Zul, Price, Ric N., Randrianarivelojosia, Milijaona, Rombo, Lars, Roper, Cally, Rosenthal, Philip J., Sagara, Issaka, Same-Ekobo, Albert, Sawa, Patrick, Schallig, Henk D. F. H., Schramm, Birgit, Seck, Amadou, Shekalaghe, Seif A., Sibley, Carol H., Sinou, Vronique, Sirima, Sodiomon B., Som, Fabrice A., Sow, Doudou, Staedke, Sarah G., Stepniewska, Kasia, Sutherland, Colin J., Swarthout, Todd D., Sylla, Khadime, Talisuna, Ambrose O., Taylor, Walter R. J., Temu, Emmanuel A., Thwing, Julie I., Tine, Roger C. K., Tinto, Halidou, Tommasini, Silva, Toure, Offianan A., Ursing, Johan, Vaillant, Michel T., Valentini, Giovanni, Van den Broek, Ingrid, Van Vugt, Michele, Ward, Stephen A., Winstanley, Peter A., Yavo, William, Yeka, Adoke, Zolia, Yah M., Zongo, Issaka, and WWARN Artemisinin based Combination Therapy (ACT) Africa Baseline Study Group

Subjects
parasitic diseases
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum has emerged in the Greater Mekong sub-region and poses a major global public health threat. Slow parasite clearance is a key clinical manifestation of reduced susceptibility to artemisinin. This study was designed to establish the baseline values for clearance in patients from Sub-Saharan African countries with uncomplicated malaria treated with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). METHODS: A literature review in PubMed was conducted in March 2013 to identify all prospective clinical trials (uncontrolled trials, controlled trials and randomized controlled trials), including ACTs conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa, between 1960 and 2012. Individual patient data from these studies were shared with the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) and pooled using an a priori statistical analytical plan. Factors affecting early parasitological response were investigated using logistic regression with study sites fitted as a random effect. The risk of bias in included studies was evaluated based on study design, methodology and missing data. RESULTS: In total, 29,493 patients from 84 clinical trials were included in the analysis, treated with artemether-lumefantrine (n = 13,664), artesunate-amodiaquine (n = 11,337) and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (n = 4,492). The overall parasite clearance rate was rapid. The parasite positivity rate (PPR) decreased from 59.7 % (95 % CI: 54.5-64.9) on day 1 to 6.7 % (95 % CI: 4.8-8.7) on day 2 and 0.9 % (95 % CI: 0.5-1.2) on day 3. The 95th percentile of observed day 3 PPR was 5.3 %. Independent risk factors predictive of day 3 positivity were: high baseline parasitaemia (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.16 (95 % CI: 1.08-1.25); per 2-fold increase in parasite density, P 37.5 °C) (AOR = 1.50 (95 % CI: 1.06-2.13), P = 0.022); severe anaemia (AOR = 2.04 (95 % CI: 1.21-3.44), P = 0.008); areas of low/moderate transmission setting (AOR = 2.71 (95 % CI: 1.38-5.36), P = 0.004); and treatment with the loose formulation of artesunate-amodiaquine (AOR = 2.27 (95 % CI: 1.14-4.51), P = 0.020, compared to dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine). CONCLUSIONS: The three ACTs assessed in this analysis continue to achieve rapid early parasitological clearance across the sites assessed in Sub-Saharan Africa. A threshold of 5 % day 3 parasite positivity from a minimum sample size of 50 patients provides a more sensitive benchmark in Sub-Saharan Africa compared to the current recommended threshold of 10 % to trigger further investigation of artemisinin susceptibility.

Published
2015

37. Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in human malaria cases in Mali

Author

Nabet, Cécile, primary, Doumbo, Safiatou, additional, Jeddi, Fakhri, additional, Konaté, Salimata, additional, Manciulli, Tommaso, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, L’Ollivier, Coralie, additional, Camara, Aminata, additional, Moore, Sandra, additional, Ranque, Stéphane, additional, Théra, Mahamadou A., additional, Doumbo, Ogobara K., additional, and Piarroux, Renaud, additional

Published
2016
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38. Safety and efficacy of re-treatments with pyronaridine-artesunate in African patients with malaria: a substudy of the WANECAM randomised trial

Author

Sagara, Issaka, primary, Beavogui, Abdoul Habib, additional, Zongo, Issaka, additional, Soulama, Issiaka, additional, Borghini-Fuhrer, Isabelle, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Camara, Daouda, additional, Somé, Anyirékun F, additional, Coulibaly, Aboubacar S, additional, Traore, Oumar B, additional, Dara, Niawanlou, additional, Kabore, Moïse J T, additional, Thera, Ismaila, additional, Compaore, Yves D, additional, Sylla, Malick Minkael, additional, Nikiema, Frederic, additional, Diallo, Mamadou Saliou, additional, Dicko, Alassane, additional, Gil, Jose Pedro, additional, Borrmann, Steffen, additional, Duparc, Stephan, additional, Miller, Robert M, additional, Doumbo, Ogobara K, additional, Shin, Jangsik, additional, Bjorkman, Anders, additional, Ouedraogo, Jean-Bosco, additional, Sirima, Sodiomon B, additional, and Djimdé, Abdoulaye A, additional

Published
2016
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40. Polymorphisms in the K13-Propeller Gene in Artemisinin-Susceptible Plasmodium falciparum Parasites from Bougoula-Hameau and Bandiagara, Mali

Author

Ouattara, Amed, primary, Bjorkman, Anders, additional, Kone, Aminatou, additional, Adams, Matthew, additional, Diallo, Nouhoum, additional, Dara, Antoine, additional, Maiga, Amelia Walling, additional, Takala-Harrison, Shannon, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Plowe, Christopher V., additional, Sagara, Issaka, additional, Hampton, Shay, additional, Coulibaly, Drissa, additional, Doumbo, Ogobara K., additional, Gil, Jose Pedro, additional, Djimde, Abdoulaye A., additional, and Thera, Mahamadou A., additional

Published
2015
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41. No Evidence of Delayed Parasite Clearance after Oral Artesunate Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria in Mali

Author

Maiga, Amelia W., primary, Sanogo, Kassim, additional, Plowe, Christopher V., additional, Toure, Sekou, additional, Djimde, Abdoulaye A., additional, Dama, Souleymane, additional, Sagara, Issaka, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Sidibe, Bakary, additional, Dara, Antoine, additional, Thera, Mahamadou A., additional, Dembele, Demba, additional, Traore, Oumar Bila, additional, Doumbo, Ogobara K., additional, and Kone, Aminatou, additional

Published
2012
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42. Repeated Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies in a Malaria Hyperendemic Area of Mali: Efficacy, Safety, and Public Health Impact

Author

Sagara, Issaka, primary, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Gaudart, Jean, additional, Sidibe, Bakary, additional, Togo, Amadou, additional, Toure, Sekou, additional, Sanogo, Kassim, additional, Dembele, Demba, additional, Dicko, Alassane, additional, Giorgi, Roch, additional, Doumbo, Ogobara K., additional, and Djimde, Abdoulaye A., additional

Published
2012
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43. A molecular map of chloroquine resistance in Mali

Author

Djimde, Abdoulaye A., primary, Barger, Breanna, additional, Kone, Aminatou, additional, Beavogui, Abdoul H., additional, Tekete, Mamadou, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Dara, Antoine, additional, Maiga, Hamma, additional, Dembele, Demba, additional, Toure, Sekou, additional, Dama, Souleymane, additional, Ouologuem, Dinkorma, additional, Sangare, Cheick Papa Oumar, additional, Dolo, Amagana, additional, Sogoba, Nofomo, additional, Nimaga, Karamoko, additional, Kone, Yacouba, additional, and Doumbo, Ogobara K., additional

Published
2010
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44. Efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria: revisiting molecular markers in an area of emerging AQ and SP resistance in Mali

Author

Tekete, Mamadou, primary, Djimde, Abdoulaye A, additional, Beavogui, Abdoul H, additional, Maiga, Hamma, additional, Sagara, Issaka, additional, Fofana, Bakary, additional, Ouologuem, Dinkorma, additional, Dama, Souleymane, additional, Kone, Aminatou, additional, Dembele, Demba, additional, Wele, Mamadou, additional, Dicko, Alassane, additional, and Doumbo, Ogobara K, additional

Published
2009
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46. CLEARANCE OF DRUG-RESISTANT PARASITES AS A MODEL FOR PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY IN PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM MALARIA

Author

DJIMDÉ, ABDOULAYE A., primary, DOUMBO, OGOBARA K., additional, NIARE-DOUMBO, SAFIATOU, additional, KWIATKOWSKI, DOMINIC, additional, WELLEMS, THOMAS E., additional, DIOURTE, YACOUBA, additional, COULIBALY, DRISSA, additional, DIALLO, DAPA A., additional, KAYENTAO, KASSOUM, additional, FOFANA, BAKARY, additional, TEKETE, MAMADOU, additional, DICKO, ALASSANE, additional, GUINDO, ANDO B., additional, PLOWE, CHRISTOPHER V., additional, CISSOKO, YACOUBA, additional, TRAORE, OUSMANE, additional, and KONE, ABDOULAYE K., additional

Published
2003
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47. Persistent Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparumParasitemia 72 Hours after Treatment with Artemether-Lumefantrine Predicts 42-Day Treatment Failure in Mali and Burkina Faso

Author

Beshir, Khalid B., Diallo, Nouhoum, Somé, Fabrice A., Sombie, Salif, Zongo, Issaka, Fofana, Bakary, Traore, Aliou, Dama, Souleymane, Bamadio, Amadou, Traore, Oumar B., Coulibaly, Sam A., Maurice, Ouattara S., Diarra, Amidou, Kaboré, Jean Moise, Kodio, Aly, Togo, Amadou Hamidou, Dara, Niawanlou, Coulibaly, Moctar, Dao, Francois, Nikiema, Frederic, Compaore, Yves D., Kabore, Naomie T., Barry, Nouhoun, Soulama, Issiaka, Sagara, Issaka, Sirima, Sodiomon B., Ouédraogo, Jean-Bosco, Djimde, Abdoulaye, and Sutherland, Colin J.

Abstract

A recent randomized controlled trial, the WANECAM (West African Network for Clinical Trials of Antimalarial Drugs) trial, conducted at seven centers in West Africa, found that artemether-lumefantrine, artesunate-amodiaquine, pyronaridine-artesunate, and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine all displayed good efficacy. However, artemether-lumefantrine was associated with a shorter interval between clinical episodes than the other regimens.

Published
2021
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48. Pharmacokinetics of Ganaplacide and Lumefantrine in Adults, Adolescents, and Children with Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Treated with Ganaplacide Plus Lumefantrine Solid Dispersion Formulation: Analysis of Data from a Multinational Phase 2 Study.

Author

Sangana, Ramachandra, Ogutu, Bernhards, Yeka, Adoke, Kusemererwa, Sylvia, Tinto, Halidou, Toure, Andre Offianan, Kibuuka, Afizi, Lingani, Moussa, Lourenço, Carlos, Mombo‐Ngoma, Ghyslain, Nduba, Videlis, Landry N'Guessan, Tiacoh, Nassa, Guétawendé Job Wilfried, Nyantaro, Mary, Tina, Lucas Otieno, Anvikar, Anup, Sinha, Abhinav, Kaguthi, Grace, Fofana, Bakary, and Grobusch, Martin Peter

Subjects
*LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry, *REVERSE phase liquid chromatography, *PARTICLE size determination, *PLASMODIUM falciparum, *EXPOSURE dose, *OLDER patients
Abstract

The novel antimalarial ganaplacide combined with lumefantrine solid dispersion formulation (LUM‐SDF) was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in adults, adolescents, and children in a multinational, prospective, randomized, active‐controlled Phase II study conducted between August 2017 and June 2021 (EudraCT 2020‐003284‐25, Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03167242). Pharmacokinetic data from that study are reported here.The trial comprised three parts: a run‐in part in 12 adult/adolescent patients treated with a single dose of ganaplacide 200 mg plus LUM‐SDF 960 mg assessed potential pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between ganaplacide and lumefantrine; in Part A, adult/adolescent patients received one of the six ganaplacide‐LUM‐SDF regimens or artemether‐lumefantrine; and in Part B, three dose regimens identified in Part A, and artemether‐lumefantrine, were assessed in children aged 2 to <12 years, with body weight ≥10 kg. A rich blood sampling schedule was used for all 12 patients in the PK run‐in part and a subset of patients (N = 32) in Part A, with sparse sampling for remaining patients in Parts A (N = 275) and B (N = 159). Drug concentrations were determined by a validated protein precipitation and reverse phase liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection method. Parameters including AUCinf, AUClast, AUC0–t, Cmax, and tmax were reported where possible, using non‐compartmental analysis.In the PK run‐in part, there was no notable increase in ganaplacide or lumefantrine exposure when co‐administered. In Parts A and B, ganaplacide exposures increased with dose, but lumefantrine exposure was numerically under dose‐proportional. Lumefantrine exposure was higher with ganaplacide‐LUM‐SDF than with artemether‐lumefantrine, although high variability was observed. Ganaplacide and lumefantrine exposures (Cmax and AUC0–24 h) were comparable across age and body weight groups. Drug exposures needed for efficacy were achieved using the dose regimen 400 mg ganaplacide plus lumefantrine 960 mg once daily for 3 days under fasted conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Additional file 1 of Hepatic safety and tolerability of cipargamin (KAE609), in adult patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a randomized, phase II, controlled, dose-escalation trial in sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Ndayisaba, Gilles, Yeka, Adoke, Asante, Kwaku Poku, Grobusch, Martin P., Karita, Etienne, Mugerwa, Henry, Asiimwe, Stephen, Oduro, Abraham, Fofana, Bakary, Doumbia, Seydou, Jain, Jay Prakash, Barsainya, Sarita, Kullak-Ublick, Gerd A., Su, Guoqin, Schmitt, Esther K., Csermak, Katalin, Gandhi, Preetam, and Hughes, David

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Additional file 1. Supplement Hepatic safety and tolerability of cipargamin (KAE609).

50. Gametocyte carriage in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria following treatment with artemisinin combination therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data

Author

Abdulla, Salim, Achan, Jane, Adam, Ishag, Alemayehu, Bereket H, Allan, Richard, Allen, Elizabeth N, Ankivar, Anupkumar R, Arinaitwe, Emmanuel, Ashley, Elizabeth A, Asih, Puji Budi Setia, Awab, Ghulam Rahib, Barnes, Karen I, Bassat, Quique, Baudin, Elisabeth, Björkman, Anders, Bompart, Francois, Bonnet, Maryline, Borrmann, Steffen, Bousema, Teun, Carrara, Verena I, Cenci, Fabio, Checchi, Francesco, Cot, Michel, Dahal, Prabin, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Deloron, Phillippe, Djimdé, Abdoulaye, Dondorp, Arjen, Dorsey, Grant, Doumbo, Ogobara K, Drakeley, Chris J, Duparc, Stephan, Espie, Emmanuelle, Faiz, Abul, Falade, Catherine O, Fanello, Caterina, Faucher, Jean-François, Faye, Babacar, Filler, Scott, Fofana, Bakary, Fogg, Carole, Gansane, Adama, Gaye, Oumar, Genton, Blaise, Gething, Peter W, Gonzalez, Raquel, Grandesso, Francesco, Greenwood, Brian, Grivoyannis, Anastasia, Guerin, Philippe J, Hamed, Kamal, Hatz, Cristoph, Hay, Simon I, Hodel, Eva Maria, Humphreys, Georgina S, Hwang, Jimee, Janssens, Bart, Juma, Elizabeth, Kachur, S Patrick, Kager, Piet, Kamya, Moses R, Kapulu, Melissa, Karema, Corine, Kayentao, Kassoum, Kiechel, Jean R, Kofoed, Poul-Erik, Lameyre, Valerie, Lee, Sue J, Lell, Bertrand, Lima, Nines, Marsh, Kevin, Mårtensson, Andreas, Massougbodji, Achille, Mayxay, Mayfong, McGready, Rose, Menan, Hervé, Menendez, Clara, Mens, Petra, Meremikwu, Martin, Mockenhaupt, Frank P, Moreira, Clarissa, Nabasumba, Carolyn, Nambozi, Michael, Ndiaye, Jean-Louis, Newton, Paul N, Ngasala, Billy E, Nosten, Francois, Nsanzabana, Christian, Offianan, Andre Toure, Oguike, Mary, Ogutu, Bernards R, Olliaro, Piero, Omar, Sabah A, Osorio, Lyda, Owusu-Agyei, Seth, Penali, Louis K, Pene, Mbaye, Peshu, Judy, Premji, Zul, Price, Ric N, Ramharter, Michael, Rombo, Lars, Roper, Cally, Rosenthal, Philip J, Sagara, Issaka, Sawa, Patrick, Schallig, Henk D F H, Schramm, Birgit, Shekalaghe, Seif A, Sibley, Carol H, Sirima, Sodiomon, Smithuis, Frank, Sow, Doudou, Staedke, Sarah G, Stepniewska, Kasia, Sutanto, Inge, Sutherland, Colin J, Swarthout, Todd D, Syafruddin, Din, Sylla, Khadime, Talisuna, Ambrose O, Taylor, Walter R, Tema, Emmanuel A, Ter Kuile, Feiko, Tinto, Halidou, Tjitra, Emiliana, Ursing, Johan, Valecha, Neena, van den Broek, Ingrid, van Herp, Michel, van Vugt, Michele, Ward, Stephen A, White, Nicholas J, Winstanley, Peter A, Woodrow, Charles J, Yeka, Adoke, Zwang, Julien, and WWARN Gametocyte Study Group

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, gametocytes, Plasmodium falciparum/drug effects, Artemisinins/therapeutic use, Amodiaquine/therapeutic use, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, Malaria, Falciparum, Artemisinin, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Medicine(all), Microscopy, biology, Mefloquine, Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy, Hazard ratio, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Artemisinins, 3. Good health, Drug Combinations, Child, Preschool, Drug Therapy, Combination, Research Article, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium falciparum, 030231 tropical medicine, Gametocyte, malaria, Malària, Amodiaquine, Host-Parasite Interactions, Antimalarials, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Proportional Hazards Models, Resistència als medicaments, drug resistance, business.industry, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Malaria, Logistic Models, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Host-Parasite Interactions/drug effects, Artesunate, Drug resistance, Antimalarials/therapeutic use, Immunology, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Gametocytes are responsible for transmission of malaria from human to mosquito. Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) reduces post-treatment gametocyte carriage, dependent upon host, parasite and pharmacodynamic factors. The gametocytocidal properties of antimalarial drugs are important for malaria elimination efforts. An individual patient clinical data meta-analysis was undertaken to identify the determinants of gametocyte carriage and the comparative effects of four ACTs: artemether-lumefantrine (AL), artesunate/amodiaquine (AS-AQ), artesunate/mefloquine (AS-MQ), and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP). METHODS: Factors associated with gametocytaemia prior to, and following, ACT treatment were identified in multivariable logistic or Cox regression analysis with random effects. All relevant studies were identified through a systematic review of PubMed. Risk of bias was evaluated based on study design, methodology, and missing data. RESULTS: The systematic review identified 169 published and 9 unpublished studies, 126 of which were shared with the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) and 121 trials including 48,840 patients were included in the analysis. Prevalence of gametocytaemia by microscopy at enrolment was 12.1 % (5887/48,589), and increased with decreasing age, decreasing asexual parasite density and decreasing haemoglobin concentration, and was higher in patients without fever at presentation. After ACT treatment, gametocytaemia appeared in 1.9 % (95 % CI, 1.7-2.1) of patients. The appearance of gametocytaemia was lowest after AS-MQ and AL and significantly higher after DP (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR), 2.03; 95 % CI, 1.24-3.12; P = 0.005 compared to AL) and AS-AQ fixed dose combination (FDC) (AHR, 4.01; 95 % CI, 2.40-6.72; P < 0.001 compared to AL). Among individuals who had gametocytaemia before treatment, gametocytaemia clearance was significantly faster with AS-MQ (AHR, 1.26; 95 % CI, 1.00-1.60; P = 0.054) and slower with DP (AHR, 0.74; 95 % CI, 0.63-0.88; P = 0.001) compared to AL. Both recrudescent (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 9.05; 95 % CI, 3.74-21.90; P < 0.001) and new (AOR, 3.03; 95 % CI, 1.66-5.54; P < 0.001) infections with asexual-stage parasites were strongly associated with development of gametocytaemia after day 7. CONCLUSIONS: AS-MQ and AL are more effective than DP and AS-AQ FDC in preventing gametocytaemia shortly after treatment, suggesting that the non-artemisinin partner drug or the timing of artemisinin dosing are important determinants of post-treatment gametocyte dynamics.

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