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3. Metabolomic profiling of preterm birth in pregnant women living with HIV

Author

Tobin, Nicole H, Murphy, Aisling, Li, Fan, Brummel, Sean S, Fowler, Mary Glenn, Mcintyre, James A, Currier, Judith S, Chipato, Tsungai, Flynn, Patricia M, Gadama, Luis A, Saidi, Friday, Nakabiito, Clemensia, Koos, Brian J, and Aldrovandi, Grace M

Subjects
Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics, HIV/AIDS, Maternal Health, Clinical Research, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Prevention, Women's Health, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Pregnancy, Infectious Diseases, Pediatric, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Infection, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Infant, Child, Infant, Newborn, Female, Humans, HIV Infections, Zidovudine, Premature Birth, Pregnant Women, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Anti-HIV Agents, Pilot Projects, Metabolomics, Protease Inhibitors, Preterm birth, Women living with HIV, Plasma, Dried blood spots, IMPAACT 1077BF/1077FF PROMISE Study Team, Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Clinical Sciences, Biochemistry and cell biology, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics, Analytical chemistry
Abstract

BackgroundPreterm birth is a leading cause of death in children under the age of five. The risk of preterm birth is increased by maternal HIV infection as well as by certain antiretroviral regimens, leading to a disproportionate burden on low- and medium-income settings where HIV is most prevalent. Despite decades of research, the mechanisms underlying spontaneous preterm birth, particularly in resource limited areas with high HIV infection rates, are still poorly understood and accurate prediction and therapeutic intervention remain elusive.ObjectivesMetabolomics was utilized to identify profiles of preterm birth among pregnant women living with HIV on two different antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens.MethodsThis pilot study comprised 100 mother-infant dyads prior to antiretroviral initiation, on zidovudine monotherapy or on protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy. Pregnancies that resulted in preterm births were matched 1:1 with controls by gestational age at time of sample collection. Maternal plasma and blood spots at 23-35 weeks gestation and infant dried blood spots at birth, were assayed using an untargeted metabolomics method. Linear regression and random forests classification models were used to identify shared and treatment-specific markers of preterm birth.ResultsClassification models for preterm birth achieved accuracies of 95.5%, 95.7%, and 80.7% in the untreated, zidovudine monotherapy, and protease inhibitor-based treatment groups, respectively. Urate, methionine sulfone, cortisone, and 17α-hydroxypregnanolone glucuronide were identified as shared markers of preterm birth. Other compounds including hippurate and N-acetyl-1-methylhistidine were found to be significantly altered in a treatment-specific context.ConclusionThis study identified previously known as well as novel metabolomic features of preterm birth in pregnant women living with HIV. Validation of these models in a larger, independent cohort is necessary to ascertain whether they can be utilized to predict preterm birth during a stage of gestation that allows for therapeutic intervention or more effective resource allocation.

Published
2023

4. Self-reported Antiretroviral Adherence: Association With Maternal Viral Load Suppression in Postpartum Women Living With HIV-1 From Promoting Maternal and Infant Survival Everywhere, a Randomized Controlled Trial in Sub-Saharan Africa and India

Author

Nevrekar, Neetal, Butler, Kevin, Shapiro, David E, Atuhaire, Patience, Taha, Taha E, Makanani, Bonus, Chinula, Lameck, Owor, Maxensia, Moodley, Dhayendre, Chipato, Tsungai, McCarthy, Katie, Flynn, Patricia M, Currier, Judith, Fowler, Mary Glenn, Gupta, Amita, and Suryavanshi, Nishi

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Health Sciences, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric, Infection, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Female, Infant, Humans, Viral Load, HIV-1, Self Report, HIV Infections, Mothers, Africa South of the Sahara, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Virology, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract

IntroductionOptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial to promoting maternal-infant health.SettingFourteen sites in 7 countries within sub-Saharan Africa and India.MethodsThe multicomponent, open-label strategy PROMISE trial enrolled breastfeeding mother-infant pairs not meeting in-country criteria for maternal ART (mART) initiation in the postpartum component within 5 days of delivery. Randomization was to mART versus infant NVP (iNVP) prophylaxis. Infants in the mART arm also received 6 weeks of iNVP. Self-reported adherence was assessed in a secondary analysis. Time-to-event analyses were performed to explore the association between adherence and maternal viral load (mVL) in the mART arm.ResultsTwo thousand four hundred thirty-one mother-infant pairs were enrolled between 2011 and 2014; the baseline maternal median CD4 was 686 (IQR 553-869), and the median mVL was 322 copies/mL (IQR 40-1422). Self-reported adherence was lower in the mART arm compared with the iNVP arm (no missed doses within 4 weeks of all study visits: 66% vs 83%; within 2 weeks: 71% vs 85%; P < 0.0001). The iNVP adherence at week 6 was high in both arms: 97% in mART arm; 95% in iNVP arm. Time-to-event analyses showed that adherence to mART was associated with time to first mVL ≥400 copies/mL ( P < 0.0001). Missing 1 full day of doses over 3 days was associated with a 66% risk of mVL ≥1000 copies/mL (HR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.37, 1.99).ConclusionsPostpartum women were less adherent to their own ART than mothers providing their infant's nevirapine prophylaxis. The self-reported missed mART doses were associated with high mVL. Strategies to optimize postpartum mART adherence are urgently needed.Clinical trial numberClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01061151; closed to follow-up.

Published
2023

5. Effects of preterm birth, maternal ART and breastfeeding on 24-month infant HIV-free survival in a randomized trial

Author

Dadabhai, Sufia, Chou, Victoria B., Pinilla, Mauricio, Chinula, Lameck, Owor, Maxensia, Violari, Avy, Moodley, Dhayendre, Stranix-Chibanda, Lynda, Matubu, Taguma Allen, Chareka, Gift Tafadzwa, Theron, Gerhard, Kinikar, Aarti Avinash, Mubiana-Mbewe, Mwangelwa, Fairlie, Lee, Bobat, Raziya, Mmbaga, Blandina Theophil, Flynn, Patricia M., Taha, Taha E., McCarthy, Katie S., Browning, Renee, Mofenson, Lynne M., Brummel, Sean S., and Fowler, Mary Glenn

Published
2024
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6. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of dispersible and immediate-release abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine tablets in children with HIV (IMPAACT 2019): week 24 results of an open-label, multicentre, phase 1–2 dose-confirmation study

Author

Brooks, Kristina M, Kiser, Jennifer J, Ziemba, Lauren, Ward, Shawn, Rani, Yasha, Cressey, Tim R, Masheto, Gaerolwe R, Cassim, Haseena, Deville, Jaime G, Ponatshego, Ponego L, Patel, Faeezah, Aurpibul, Linda, Barnabas, Shaun L, Mustich, Iris, Coletti, Anne, Heckman, Barbara, Krotje, Chelsea, Lojacono, Mark, Yin, Dwight E, Townley, Ellen, Moye, Jack, Majji, Sai, Acosta, Edward P, Ryan, Kevin, Chandasana, Hardik, Brothers, Cynthia H, Buchanan, Ann M, Rabie, Helena, and Flynn, Patricia M

Published
2023
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7. The role of cultural beliefs and distress in adherence to recommended physical activity among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Author

Nance, Connor M., Betancourt, Hector, and Flynn, Patricia M.

Subjects
Type 2 diabetes -- Psychological aspects -- Care and treatment -- Social aspects, Stress (Psychology) -- Demographic aspects -- Health aspects, Company business planning, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

The aim of this research was to examine the role of negative cultural beliefs about exercise and their relation to diabetes distress as determinants of exercise treatment adherence among culturally and socio-economically diverse patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants included 193 Latin American (Latino) and non-Latino White patients with T2DM from a region of Southern California, with high rates of T2DM. The research was guided by Betancourt's Integrative Model of Culture, Psychology, and Behavior which specifies the structure of relations among socio-structural, cultural, and psychological factors as determinants of health behavior. As hypothesized, structural equation modeling revealed that negative cultural beliefs about exercise predicted higher levels of diabetes distress (ß = 0.32, p < 0.05), which in turn predicted lower exercise treatment adherence (ß = - 0.34, p < 0.05). Findings suggest a critical need for interventions that target both cultural and psychological factors in order to improve diabetes outcomes., Author(s): Connor M. Nance [sup.1] , Hector Betancourt [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Patricia M. Flynn [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.43582.38, 0000 0000 9852 649X, School of Behavioral Health, [...]

Published
2022
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8. Time to viral rebound and safety after antiretroviral treatment interruption in postpartum women compared with men.

Author

Le, Catherine N, Britto, Paula, Brummel, Sean S, Hoffman, Risa M, Li, Jonathan Z, Flynn, Patricia M, Taha, Taha E, Coletti, Anne, Fowler, Mary Glenn, Bosch, Ronald J, Gandhi, Rajesh T, Klingman, Karin L, McIntyre, James A, and Currier, Judith S

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, HIV/AIDS, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Infection, Reproductive health and childbirth, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anti-HIV Agents, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Disease Progression, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Postpartum Period, Prospective Studies, RNA, Viral, Viral Load, Virus Replication, Young Adult, cure, postpartum period, reservoir, sex differences, viral latency, women, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Virology
Abstract

Objective(s)The short-term safety of treatment interruptions, a necessary part of cure studies, is not well established, particularly in women. We explored viral rebound kinetics and safety in a group of postpartum women discontinuing ART and compared results to men in historical interruption trials.DesignProspective evaluation of time to virologic rebound.MethodsOne thousand and seventy-six asymptomatic, virally suppressed, postpartum women living with HIV enrolled in the PROMISE trial with baseline CD4 cell counts at least 350 cells/μl underwent antiretroviral treatment (ART) discontinuation. Proportion with virologic suppression at weeks 4 and 12 were compared with participants in ACTG treatment interruption trials (91% male population).ResultsIn PROMISE, using interval censored methods, the estimated median time to HIV viral rebound was 2 weeks. An estimated 6% of women would remain virally suppressed at 30 weeks. Of those who had viral rebound by 30 weeks (N = 993), less than 4% experienced grade 3 or higher laboratory events, and 1% experienced WHO stage 2 or higher clinical events. Overall, less than 1% of participants progressed from WHO Stage 1 to Stage 2 or higher after discontinuation of ART, and 3.9% experienced a decline in CD4 cell count to less than 350 cells/μl or local treatment guidelines. A significantly higher proportion of women in PROMISE (25.4%) were virologically suppressed (

Published
2019

9. Tenofovir concentrations in hair strongly predict virologic suppression in breastfeeding women.

Author

Murnane, Pamela M, Bacchetti, Peter, Currier, Judith S, Brummel, Sean, Okochi, Hideaki, Phung, Nhi, Louie, Alexander, Kuncze, Karen, Hoffman, Risa M, Nematadzira, Teacler, Soko, Dean K, Owor, Maxensia, Saidi, Friday, Flynn, Patricia M, Fowler, Mary G, and Gandhi, Monica

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Infectious Diseases, Maternal Health, Women's Health, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Africa South of the Sahara, Anti-HIV Agents, Breast Feeding, Female, HIV Infections, Hair, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Medication Adherence, Postpartum Period, Pregnancy, Sustained Virologic Response, Tenofovir, Treatment Outcome, Viral Load, Young Adult, adherence, breastfeeding, hair, HIV, pregnancy, viral load, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Virology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundAntiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence is often suboptimal in the perinatal period. We measured hair tenofovir (TFV) concentrations as a metric of adherence in postpartum women to understand patterns and predictors of adherence throughout this critical period. In addition, we examined the association between hair TFV concentrations and virologic outcomes.MethodsBetween 12/2012 and 09/2016, hair samples were collected longitudinally from delivery through breastfeeding from women on ART in the Promoting Maternal and Infant Survival Everywhere study (NCT01061151) in sub-Saharan Africa. Hair TFV levels were measured using validated methods. Using generalized estimating equations, we estimated the association between hair TFV levels and virologic suppression (

Published
2019

10. Vitamin D3 Supplementation Increases Spine Bone Mineral Density in Adolescents and Young Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Being Treated With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Author

Havens, Peter L, Stephensen, Charles B, Van Loan, Marta D, Schuster, Gertrud U, Woodhouse, Leslie R, Flynn, Patricia M, Gordon, Catherine M, Pan, Cynthia G, Rutledge, Brandy, Harris, D Robert, Price, Georgine, Baker, Alyne, Meyer, William A, Wilson, Craig M, Hazra, Rohan, Kapogiannis, Bill G, Mulligan, Kathleen, Vellala, Kavya, Wheeler, Justin, Fielding, Roger, Freytag, Tammy, Domek, Joseph, Gertz, Erik, Emmanuel, Patricia, Straub, Diane, Enriquez-Bruce, Elizabeth, Belzer, Marvin, Tucker, Diane, D’Angelo, Larry, Trexler, Connie, Douglas, Steve, Tanney, Mary, Stroger, John H, Martinez, Miguel, Henry-Reid, Lisa, Bojan, Kelly, Futterman, Donna, Campos, Maria, Abdalian, Sue Ellen, Kozina, Leslie, Friedman, Larry, Maturo, Donna, Flynn, Pat, Guar, Aditya, Dillard, Mary, Paul, Mary, Head, Jane, Secord, Liz, Outlaw, Angulique, Cromer, Charnell, Agwu, Allison, Sanders, Renata, Anderson, Thuy, Mayer, Ken, Dormitzer, Julian, Reirden, Dan, Chambers, Carrie, Kovacs, Andrea, Operskalski, Eva, Homans, James, Bearden, Allison, Sanchez, Susie, Puga, Ana, Eysallenne, Zulma, Acevedo, Midnela, Rosario, Nicolas, Nieves, Lourdes Angeli, Wiznia, Andrew, Abadi, Jacobo, Rosenberg, Michael, Dobroszycki, Joanna, and Burey, Marlene

Subjects
Prevention, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Complementary and Integrative Health, Nutrition, Pediatric, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, Bone Density, Bone Density Conservation Agents, Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents, Cholecalciferol, Double-Blind Method, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Male, Placebos, Spine, Tenofovir, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, vitamin D supplementation, bone mineral density, parathyroid hormone, HIV infection, Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) 109 Study Team, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology
Abstract

BackgroundTenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) decreases bone mineral density (BMD). We hypothesized that vitamin D3 (VITD3) would increase BMD in youth receiving TDF.MethodsThis was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of directly observed VITD3 vs placebo every 4 weeks for 48 weeks in youth aged 16-24 years with HIV, RNA load

Published
2018

11. Decline in Bone Mass With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine Is Associated With Hormonal Changes in the Absence of Renal Impairment When Used by HIV-Uninfected Adolescent Boys and Young Men for HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis.

Author

Havens, Peter L, Stephensen, Charles B, Van Loan, Marta D, Schuster, Gertrud U, Woodhouse, Leslie R, Flynn, Patricia M, Gordon, Catherine M, Pan, Cynthia G, Rutledge, Brandy, Liu, Nancy, Wilson, Craig M, Hazra, Rohan, Hosek, Sybil G, Anderson, Peter L, Seifert, Sharon M, Kapogiannis, Bill G, and Mulligan, Kathleen

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, HIV/AIDS, Prevention, Osteoporosis, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Musculoskeletal, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, Bone Density, Creatinine, Emtricitabine, Fibroblast Growth Factor-23, Glomerular Filtration Rate, HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, Kidney, Male, Parathyroid Hormone, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, Renal Insufficiency, Tenofovir, Young Adult, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, bone mineral density, parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis, Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions 117 study team, HIV pre- exposure prophylaxis., Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundWe aimed to define the relative importance of renal and endocrine changes in tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-related bone toxicity.MethodsIn a study of daily TDF/emtricitabine (FTC) preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-uninfected young men who have sex with men, we measured changes from baseline in blood and urine markers of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)-vitamin D-fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) axis, creatinine, and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TRP). We explored the relationship of those variables to changes in bone mineral density (BMD). Tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) in red blood cells was used to categorize participants into high and low drug exposure groups.ResultsThere were 101 participants, median age 20 years (range 15 to 22). Compared with low drug exposure, high-exposure participants showed increase from baseline in PTH and decline in FGF23 by study week 4, with no differences in creatinine, phosphate, or TRP. At 48 weeks, the median (interquartile range) percent decline in total hip BMD was greater in those with high- compared to low- exposure (-1.59 [2.77] vs +1.54 [3.34] %, respectively; P = .001); in high-exposure participants, this correlated with week 4 TFV-DP (inversely; r = -0.60, P = .002) and FGF23 (directly; r = 0.42; P = .039) but not other variables.ConclusionsThese findings support the short-term renal safety of TDF/FTC PrEP in HIV-seronegative young men and suggest that endocrine disruption (PTH-FGF23) is a primary contributor to TDF-associated BMD decline in this age group.Clinical trials registrationNCT01769469.

Published
2017

13. Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and antimalarial efficacy of a novel Plasmodium falciparum ATP4 inhibitor SJ733: a first-in-human and induced blood-stage malaria phase 1a/b trial

Author

Gaur, Aditya H, McCarthy, James S, Panetta, John C, Dallas, Ronald H, Woodford, John, Tang, Li, Smith, Amber M, Stewart, Tracy B, Branum, Kristen C, Freeman, Burgess B, III, Patel, Nehali D, John, Elizabeth, Chalon, Stephan, Ost, Shelley, Heine, Ryan N, Richardson, Julie L, Christensen, Robbin, Flynn, Patricia M, Van Gessel, Yvonne, Mitasev, Branko, Möhrle, Jörg J, Gusovsky, Fabian, Bebrevska, Lidiya, and Guy, R Kiplin

Published
2020
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15. Benefits and Risks of Antiretroviral Therapy for Perinatal HIV Prevention

Author

Fowler, Mary G, Qin, Min, Fiscus, Susan A, Currier, Judith S, Flynn, Patricia M, Chipato, Tsungai, McIntyre, James, Gnanashanmugam, Devasena, Siberry, George K, Coletti, Anne S, Taha, Taha E, Klingman, Karin L, Martinson, Francis E, Owor, Maxensia, Violari, Avy, Moodley, Dhayendre, Theron, Gerhard B, Bhosale, Ramesh, Bobat, Raziya, Chi, Benjamin H, Strehlau, Renate, Mlay, Pendo, Loftis, Amy J, Browning, Renee, Fenton, Terence, Purdue, Lynette, Basar, Michael, Shapiro, David E, and Mofenson, Lynne M

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Infant Mortality, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Pediatric, Prevention, HIV/AIDS, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Reproductive health and childbirth, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Black or African American, Anti-Retroviral Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Gestational Age, HIV Infections, Humans, Infant, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Nevirapine, Perinatal Care, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Tenofovir, Young Adult, Zidovudine, IMPAACT 1077BF/1077FF PROMISE Study Team, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundRandomized-trial data on the risks and benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART) as compared with zidovudine and single-dose nevirapine to prevent transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in HIV-infected pregnant women with high CD4 counts are lacking.MethodsWe randomly assigned HIV-infected women at 14 or more weeks of gestation with CD4 counts of at least 350 cells per cubic millimeter to zidovudine and single-dose nevirapine plus a 1-to-2-week postpartum "tail" of tenofovir and emtricitabine (zidovudine alone); zidovudine, lamivudine, and lopinavir-ritonavir (zidovudine-based ART); or tenofovir, emtricitabine, and lopinavir-ritonavir (tenofovir-based ART). The primary outcomes were HIV transmission at 1 week of age in the infant and maternal and infant safety.ResultsThe median CD4 count was 530 cells per cubic millimeter among 3490 primarily black African HIV-infected women enrolled at a median of 26 weeks of gestation (interquartile range, 21 to 30). The rate of transmission was significantly lower with ART than with zidovudine alone (0.5% in the combined ART groups vs. 1.8%; difference, -1.3 percentage points; repeated confidence interval, -2.1 to -0.4). However, the rate of maternal grade 2 to 4 adverse events was significantly higher with zidovudine-based ART than with zidovudine alone (21.1% vs. 17.3%, P=0.008), and the rate of grade 2 to 4 abnormal blood chemical values was higher with tenofovir-based ART than with zidovudine alone (2.9% vs. 0.8%, P=0.03). Adverse events did not differ significantly between the ART groups (P>0.99). A birth weight of less than 2500 g was more frequent with zidovudine-based ART than with zidovudine alone (23.0% vs. 12.0%, P

Published
2016

17. Vitamin D3 Supplementation Increases Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 in HIV-Infected Youths Treated with Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate

Author

Havens, Peter L, Hazra, Rohan, Stephensen, Charles B, Kiser, Jennifer J, Flynn, Patricia M, Wilson, Craig M, Rutledge, Brandy, Bethel, James, Pan, Cynthia G, Woodhouse, Leslie R, Van Loan, Marta D, Liu, Nancy, Lujan-Zilbermann, Jorge, Baker, Alyne, Kapogiannis, Bill G, Gordon, Catherine M, and Mulligan, Kathleen

Subjects
Complementary and Integrative Health, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Infectious Diseases, Nutrition, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Adenine, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Cholecalciferol, Dietary Supplements, Female, Fibroblast Growth Factor-23, Fibroblast Growth Factors, HIV Infections, Humans, Male, Organophosphonates, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Tenofovir, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) 063 study team, Microbiology, Clinical Sciences, Medical Microbiology, Virology
Abstract

BackgroundTenofovir (TDF) is associated with phosphaturia and elevated 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25-OH(2)D). Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) causes phosphaturia and increases in response to elevated 1,25-OH(2)D. Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) binds to 1,25-OH(2)D, decreasing its biological activity, and is elevated in individuals with higher plasma tenofovir concentrations. We compared FGF23 and VDBP before and after vitamin D3 (VITD) supplementation in youths treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) containing or not containing TDF.MethodsA randomized controlled trial in HIV-positive youths aged 18-25 years enrolled participants based on cART treatment with TDF (TDF; n=118) or without TDF (no-TDF; n=85), and randomized within those groups to VITD (50,000 IU every 4 weeks) or placebo (PL). We measured FGF23 and VDBP and calculated free 1,25-OH(2)D at baseline and week 12, and compared changes by TDF treatment and VITD randomized group.ResultsAt baseline, serum FGF23 concentration showed a quadratic relationship with 1,25-OH(2)D most pronounced in the TDF group. At week 12, total and free 1,25-OH(2)D increased in the VITD but not PL groups, independent of TDF use. FGF23 increased in the TDF group receiving VITD, but there was no FGF23 change in the no-TDF group receiving VITD or the PL groups. The adjusted mean change in FGF23 from baseline to week 12 was 7.7 pg/ml in the TDF/VITD group, compared with -1.7 (no-TDF/VITD, P=0.010), -1.3 (TDF/PL, P=0.006) and 1.1 (no-TDF/PL, P=0.035).ConclusionsThese results suggest that TDF-containing cART may alter the FGF23 response to vitamin D supplementation in HIV-infected youths. Clinical trials number: NCT00490412.

Published
2014

19. Vitamin D3 Supplementation Increases Spine Bone Mineral Density in Adolescents and Young Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Being Treated With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Author

Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) 109 Study Team, Havens, Peter L., Stephensen, Charles B., Van Loan, Marta D., Schuster, Gertrud U., Woodhouse, Leslie R., Flynn, Patricia M., Gordon, Catherine M., Pan, Cynthia G., Rutledge, Brandy, Harris, D. Robert, Price, Georgine, Baker, Alyne, Meyer, William A., Wilson, Craig M., Hazra, Rohan, Kapogiannis, Bill G., and Mulligan, Kathleen

Published
2018

20. Introduction

Author

Gudić, Milenko, primary, Tan, Tay Keong, additional, and Flynn, Patricia M., additional

Published
2020
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21. Conclusion

Author

Tan, Tay Keong, primary, Gudić, Milenko, additional, and Flynn, Patricia M., additional

Published
2020
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22. Introduction

Author

Tan, Tay Keong, primary, Gudić, Milenko, additional, and Flynn, Patricia M., additional

Published
2020
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24. Treatment and secondary prophylaxis with ethanol lock therapy for central line-associated bloodstream infection in paediatric cancer: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial

Author

Wolf, Joshua, Connell, Tom G, Allison, Kim J, Tang, Li, Richardson, Julie, Branum, Kristen, Borello, Eloise, Rubnitz, Jeffrey E, Gaur, Aditya H, Hakim, Hana, Su, Yin, Federico, Sara M, Mechinaud, Francoise, Hayden, Randall T, Monagle, Paul, Worth, Leon J, Curtis, Nigel, and Flynn, Patricia M

Published
2018
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25. Association of Higher Plasma Vitamin D Binding Protein and Lower Free Calcitriol Levels with Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Use and Plasma and Intracellular Tenofovir Pharmacokinetics: Cause of a Functional Vitamin D Deficiency?

Author

Havens, Peter L, Kiser, Jennifer J, Stephensen, Charles B, Hazra, Rohan, Flynn, Patricia M, Wilson, Craig M, Rutledge, Brandy, Bethel, James, Pan, Cynthia G, Woodhouse, Leslie R, Van Loan, Marta D, Liu, Nancy, Lujan-Zilbermann, Jorge, Baker, Alyne, Kapogiannis, Bill G, Gordon, Catherine M, and Mulligan, Kathleen

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Nutrition, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Kidney Disease, Clinical Research, Prevention, Underpinning research, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Adenine, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Calcitriol, Calcium, Double-Blind Method, Female, Fibroblast Growth Factor-23, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Glomerular Filtration Rate, HIV, HIV Infections, Humans, Hypophosphatemia, Male, Organophosphonates, Parathyroid Hormone, Phosphates, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Tenofovir, Vitamin D Deficiency, Vitamin D-Binding Protein, Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) 063 Study Team, Microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical microbiology, Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Abstract

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) causes bone, endocrine, and renal changes by an unknown mechanism(s). Data are limited on tenofovir pharmacokinetics and these effects. Using baseline data from a multicenter study of HIV-infected youth on stable treatment with regimens containing TDF (n = 118) or lacking TDF (n = 85), we measured cross-sectional associations of TDF use with markers of renal function, vitamin D-calcium-parathyroid hormone balance, phosphate metabolism (tubular reabsorption of phosphate and fibroblast growth factor 23 [FGF23]), and bone turnover. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic associations with plasma tenofovir and intracellular tenofovir diphosphate concentrations were explored among those receiving TDF. The mean age was 20.9 (standard deviation [SD], 2.0) years; 63% were male; and 52% were African American. Compared to the no-TDF group, the TDF group showed lower mean estimated glomerular filtration rates and tubular reabsorption of phosphate, as well as higher parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D [1,25-OH(2)D] levels. The highest quintile of plasma tenofovir concentrations was associated with higher vitamin D binding protein, lower free 1,25-OH(2)D, higher 25-OH vitamin D, and higher serum calcium. The highest quintile of intracellular tenofovir diphosphate concentration was associated with lower FGF23. Higher plasma tenofovir concentrations were associated with higher vitamin D binding protein and lower free 1,25-OH(2)D, suggesting a functional vitamin D deficiency explaining TDF-associated increased parathyroid hormone. The finding of lower FGF23 accompanying higher intracellular tenofovir diphosphate suggests that different mechanisms mediate TDF-associated changes in phosphate handling. Separate pharmacokinetic properties may be associated with distinct TDF toxicities: tenofovir with parathyroid hormone and altered calcium balance and tenofovir diphosphate with hypophosphatemia and FGF23 regulation. (The clinical trial registration number for this study is NCT00490412 and is available online at http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00490412.).

Published
2013

26. Genetic associations with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in HIV-1-infected youth: fine-mapping for the GC/DBP gene that encodes the vitamin D-binding protein

Author

Porter, Travis R, Li, Xuelin, Stephensen, Charles B, Mulligan, Kathleen, Rutledge, Brandy, Flynn, Patricia M, Lujan-Zilbermann, Jorge, Hazra, Rohan, Wilson, Craig M, Havens, Peter L, Tang, Jianming, and team, Adolescent MedicineTrials Network for HIV AIDS Interventions 063 study

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Prevention, Complementary and Integrative Health, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Adolescent MedicineTrials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) 063 study team, HIV-1, antiretroviral, genetics, race, vitamin D, youth, Clinical Sciences, Law
Abstract

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is often deficient (

Published
2013

28. Competitive Strategies of States: A Life-Cycle Perspective. EQW Working Papers.

Author

National Center on the Educational Quality of the Workforce, Philadelphia, PA. and Flynn, Patricia M.

Abstract

This paper demonstrates that production life-cycle models provide a conceptual framework to analyze systematically the interrelationships between industrial and technological change and human resources. Section II presents the life-cycle model, focusing on its implications for the types and level of employment and skill requirements in an area. Section III uses the life-cycle framework to assess the evidence on and implications of various state programs designed for the recruitment of firms, high tech job creation, and assistance to established firms. Trends in state efforts, life-cycle implications, and potential of the state strategies are discussed for each program type. Section IV provides guidelines for states in developing effective competitiveness strategies for each of three steps: state employment assessment, inventory of state resources, and strategic thinking about employment and work force needs. The final section presents conclusions that emerge from the analysis. It focuses on defensive and proactive state actions and their long-term implications as well as on evolving responsibilities in preparing a high quality work force. The states' roles in two major areas in which labor market adjustments spill beyond the boundaries of the firm are also discussed: the skill transfer process and displaced workers. (Contains 105 references.) (YLB)

Published
1992

29. Decline in Bone Mass With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine Is Associated With Hormonal Changes in the Absence of Renal Impairment When Used by HIV-Uninfected Adolescent Boys and Young Men for HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis

Author

Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions 117 study team, Havens, Peter L., Stephensen, Charles B., Van Loan, Marta D., Schuster, Gertrud U., Woodhouse, Leslie R., Flynn, Patricia M., Gordon, Catherine M., Pan, Cynthia G., Rutledge, Brandy, Liu, Nancy, Wilson, Craig M., Hazra, Rohan, Hosek, Sybil G., Anderson, Peter L., Seifert, Sharon M., Kapogiannis, Bill G., and Mulligan, Kathleen

Published
2017

33. Introduction

Author

Flynn, Patricia M., primary, Tan, Tay Keong, additional, and Gudić, Milenko, additional

Published
2019
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43. Contributors

Author

Abzug, Mark J., primary, Adderson, Elisabeth E., additional, Agwu, Allison L., additional, Alby, Kevin, additional, Aldrovandi, Grace M., additional, Allen, Upton D., additional, Alvarez-Hernández, Gerardo, additional, Ampofo, Krow, additional, Anderson, Evan J., additional, Anderson, Margot, additional, Antonara, Stella, additional, Ardura, Monica I., additional, Arguin, Paul M., additional, Arnold, John C., additional, Aronson, Naomi E., additional, Arvin, Ann M., additional, Ashkenazi, Shai, additional, Asturias, Edwin J., additional, Badalyan, Vahe, additional, Baker, Carol J., additional, Balakrishnan, Karthik, additional, Barros, Brittany S., additional, Barson, William J., additional, Bausch, Daniel G., additional, Bechtel, Kirsten, additional, Benjamin, Daniel K., additional, Berman, David M., additional, Blanco, David A., additional, Bloch, Karen C., additional, Blythe, Margaret J., additional, Bocchini, Joseph A., additional, Bowen, Anna, additional, Bowie, William R., additional, Boyce, Thomas G., additional, Bradley, John S., additional, Brady, Michael T., additional, Bratcher, Denise F., additional, Braverman, Paula K., additional, Bresee, Joseph, additional, Brook, Itzhak, additional, Brown, Kevin E., additional, Bryant, Kristina, additional, Buescher, E. Stephen, additional, Burns, Jane L., additional, Byington, Carrie L., additional, Camacho-Gonzalez, Andres F., additional, Cantey, Paul, additional, Carter, Bryan D., additional, Caserta, Mary T., additional, Castagnini, Luis A., additional, Cerini, Chiara, additional, Chadwick, Ellen Gould, additional, Chiang, Silvia S., additional, Christenson, John C., additional, Coffin, Susan E., additional, Collier, Melissa G., additional, Collins, Jennifer P., additional, Conklin, Laurie S., additional, Connelly, Beverly L., additional, Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina, additional, Conway, James H., additional, Cortese, Margaret M., additional, Cox, Elaine G., additional, Creech, C. Buddy, additional, Crews, Jonathan D., additional, Cunningham, Dennis J., additional, Curtis, Nigel, additional, Dailey, Natalie J.M., additional, Danziger-Isakov, Lara A., additional, Darville, Toni, additional, Dasch, Gregory A., additional, Daskalaki, Irini, additional, Daum, Robert S., additional, Davenport, Michael, additional, Davies, H. Dele, additional, Dawood, Fatimah S., additional, Day, J. Christopher, additional, de la Morena, Maite, additional, Demmler-Harrison, Gail J., additional, DeMuri, Gregory P., additional, Despommier, Dickson D., additional, Diefenbach, Karen A., additional, Edwards, Kathryn M., additional, Edwards, Morven S., additional, Eichenfield, Lawrence F., additional, Elston, Dirk M., additional, Emerson, Beth, additional, Ephros, Moshe, additional, Erdem, Guliz, additional, Eremeeva, Marina E., additional, Ericson, Jessica E., additional, Esposito, Douglas H., additional, Farley, Monica M., additional, Feingold, Anat R., additional, Feja, Kristina N., additional, Finn, Adam, additional, Fischer, Marc, additional, Flynn, Patricia M., additional, Fox, LeAnne M., additional, Frank, Michael M., additional, Fredrick, Douglas R., additional, Frenck, Robert W., additional, Friedlander, Sheila Fallon, additional, Gans, Hayley A., additional, Gauthier, Gregory M., additional, Gerber, Jeffrey S., additional, Gigliotti, Francis, additional, Gilger, Mark A., additional, Glaser, Carol A., additional, Goddard, Amanda F., additional, Gold, Benjamin D., additional, Gould, Jane M., additional, Green, Michael, additional, Greenberg, David, additional, Greywal, Tanya, additional, Griffin, Daniel, additional, Griffin, Patricia M., additional, Grom, Alexei A., additional, Gutierrez, Kathleen, additional, Gutman, Julie, additional, Guzman-Cottrill, Judith A., additional, Hall, Aron J., additional, Han, Jin-Young, additional, Harper, Marvin B., additional, Harris, Julie R., additional, Harrison, Christopher J., additional, Haslam, David B., additional, Hawkes, Sarah J., additional, Hendley, J. Owen, additional, Henry, Marion C.W., additional, Hilinski, Joseph A., additional, Hills, Susan L., additional, Holmberg, Scott D., additional, Holtzman, Deborah, additional, Hong, David K., additional, Hotez, Peter J., additional, Hsu, Katherine K., additional, Hunstad, David A., additional, Hwang, Loris Y., additional, Jackson, Mary Anne, additional, Jacobs, Richard F., additional, Jhaveri, Ravi, additional, Jirků-Pomajbíková, Kateřina, additional, Jones, Jeffrey L., additional, Karki, Mahima, additional, Karlowicz, M. Gary, additional, Katz, Ben Z., additional, Kaur, Ishminder, additional, Kersh, Gilbert J., additional, Keystone, Jay S., additional, Khan, Muhammad Ali, additional, Kimberlin, David W., additional, Kleiman, Martin B., additional, Klein, Bruce S., additional, Klontz, Karl, additional, Knust, Barbara, additional, Koh, Andrew Y., additional, Korgenski, E. Kent, additional, Krogstad, Paul, additional, Kutty, Preeta Krishnan, additional, Lauren, Christine T., additional, Lawrence, Hillary S., additional, Leber, Amy, additional, Lee, Grace M., additional, Leibovitz, Eugene, additional, Leshem, Eyal, additional, Levasseur, Stéphanie, additional, Lewis, David B., additional, Livingston, Robyn A., additional, Llata, Eloisa, additional, Long, Sarah S., additional, Lopman, Ben A., additional, Lucero, Yalda C., additional, Luján-Zilbermann, Jorge, additional, Luzuriaga, Katherine, additional, MacDonald, Noni E., additional, Maldonado, Yvonne A., additional, Manaloor, John, additional, Mani, Chitra S., additional, Manthiram, Kalpana, additional, Marshall, Gary S., additional, Martin, Stacey W., additional, Matanock, Almea, additional, Matiz, Catalina, additional, Mawle, Alison C., additional, Mazzulli, Tony, additional, McGann, Kathleen A., additional, McIntosh, Kenneth, additional, McNamara, Lucy A., additional, Meir, Michal, additional, Meislich, Debrah, additional, Meissner, H. Cody, additional, Meites, Elissa, additional, Mejías, Asunción, additional, Mertsola, Jussi, additional, Messacar, Kevin, additional, Mhaissen, Mohammed Nael, additional, Michaels, Marian G., additional, Miller, Melissa B., additional, Mintz, Eric D., additional, Modlin, John F., additional, Mohan, Parvathi, additional, Montgomery, Susan P., additional, Montoya, José G., additional, Moro, Pedro L., additional, Moscicki, Anna-Barbara, additional, Moss, R. Lawrence, additional, Myers, Angela L., additional, Nadel, Simon, additional, Neely, Michael N., additional, Neil, Karen P., additional, Nelson, Joanna, additional, Nelson, Noele P., additional, Nicholson, William L., additional, Nizet, Victor, additional, Nopper, Amy Jo, additional, Ochoa, Theresa J., additional, Orenstein, Walter A., additional, O'Ryan, Miguel, additional, Paddock, Christopher D., additional, Pall, Harpreet, additional, Panuganti, Suresh Kumar, additional, Pappas, Diane E., additional, Pass, Robert F., additional, Patterson, Thomas F., additional, Patton, Monica E., additional, Pelton, Stephen I., additional, Petersen, Brett W., additional, Pickering, Larry K., additional, Pinninti, Swetha, additional, Planet, Paul J., additional, Pollard, Andrew J., additional, Posfay-Barbe, Klara M., additional, Poulsen, Casper S., additional, Poutanen, Susan M., additional, Powers, Ann M., additional, Prober, Charles G., additional, Ramilo, Octavio, additional, Rangel, Shawn J., additional, Rao, Suchitra, additional, Rawstron, Sarah A., additional, Read, Jennifer S., additional, Reed, Michael D., additional, Relich, Ryan F., additional, Reller, Megan E., additional, Rellosa, Neil, additional, Rempe, Katherine A., additional, Reyes, Melissa A., additional, Rice-Townsend, Samuel E., additional, Richards, Frank O., additional, Romero, José R., additional, Rosen, David A., additional, Rostad, Christina A., additional, Rours, G. Ingrid J.G., additional, Routh, Janell A., additional, Rowley, Anne H., additional, Rubin, Lorry G., additional, Ryan, Edward T., additional, Saiman, Lisa, additional, Sammons, Julia S., additional, Sass, Laura, additional, Sauberan, Jason B., additional, Schillie, Sarah, additional, Schulert, Grant S., additional, Schuster, Jennifer E., additional, Schwartz, Kevin L., additional, Sederdahl, Bethany K., additional, Serpa, Jose A., additional, Shah, Kara N., additional, Shah, Samir S., additional, Shane, Andi L., additional, Shapiro, Eugene D., additional, Shaw, Jana, additional, Shetty, Avinash K., additional, Dairiki, Linda M., additional, Siberry, George Kelly, additional, Siegel, Jane D., additional, Siegel, Robert David, additional, Simonsen, Kari A., additional, Singh, Nalini, additional, Singh, Upinder, additional, Smith, P. Brian, additional, Snyder, John D., additional, Song, Eunkyung, additional, Sorrell, Jennifer L., additional, Souder, Emily, additional, St. Geme, Joseph W., additional, Staat, Mary Allen, additional, Staples, J. Erin, additional, Starke, Jeffrey R., additional, Steinbach, William J., additional, Stensvold, Christen R., additional, Stoner, Bradley P., additional, Strikas, Raymond A., additional, Strober, Jonathan B., additional, Sue, Paul K., additional, Sutton, Deanna A., additional, Swanson, Douglas, additional, Tate, Jacqueline E., additional, Tebruegge, Marc, additional, Teshale, Eyasu H., additional, Thompson, Amelia B., additional, Thompson, George R., additional, Thompson-Stone, Robert, additional, Thomson, Richard B., additional, Thorell, Emily A., additional, Tobin, Nicole H., additional, Toltzis, Philip, additional, Treat, James, additional, Troy, Stephanie B., additional, Van, Russell B., additional, Vaz, Louise Elaine, additional, Vodzak, Jennifer, additional, Wald, Ellen R., additional, Wallihan, Rebecca, additional, Wangu, Zoon, additional, Washam, Matthew, additional, Watson, Joshua R., additional, Wattier, Rachel L., additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, White, A. Clinton, additional, Wiesenfeld, Harold C., additional, Williams, John V., additional, Willoughby, Rodney E., additional, Wingerter, Sarah L., additional, Wittler, Robert R., additional, Wong, Karen K., additional, Workowski, Kimberly A., additional, Wright, Terry W., additional, Yagupsky, Pablo, additional, Yen, Catherine, additional, Yi, Jumi, additional, Yoder, Jonathan S., additional, Young, Edward J., additional, Zaenglein, Andrea L., additional, and Zimmerman, Kanecia, additional

Published
2018
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46. Self-reported Antiretroviral Adherence: Association With Maternal Viral Load Suppression in Postpartum Women Living With HIV-1 From Promoting Maternal and Infant Survival Everywhere, a Randomized Controlled Trial in Sub-Saharan Africa and India

Author

Nevrekar, Neetal, primary, Butler, Kevin, additional, Shapiro, David E., additional, Atuhaire, Patience, additional, Taha, Taha E., additional, Makanani, Bonus, additional, Chinula, Lameck, additional, Owor, Maxensia, additional, Moodley, Dhayendre, additional, Chipato, Tsungai, additional, McCarthy, Katie, additional, Flynn, Patricia M., additional, Currier, Judith, additional, Fowler, Mary Glenn, additional, Gupta, Amita, additional, and Suryavanshi, Nishi, additional

Published
2022
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47. Contributors

Author

Abzug, Mark J., Acharya, Krishna K., Adams, Denise M., Adelson, Stewart, Adrian, Molly C., Ahlfeld, Shawn K., Aiken, John J., Akdis, Cezmi A., Albokhari, Daniah, Alderman, Elizabeth M., Ali, Omar, Allen-Rhoades, Wendy A., Almutlaq, Nourah N., Amos, Louella B., Anari, Jason B., Anderson, Karl E., Anupindi, Sudha A., Appleby, Brian S., Ardoin, Stacy P., Arkader, Alexandre, Armangué, Thaís, Arndt, Carola A.S., Arnold, Danielle E., Artis, Adrianne R., Asher, David M., Asselin, Barbara L., Astley, Christina M., Atkinson, Norrell K., Augustine, Erika F., Augustyn, Marilyn C., Bacharier, Leonard B., Bacino, Carlos A., Bailey, Zinzi D., Balamuth, Frances B., Baldassano, Robert N., Baldwin, Keith D., Bales, Christina B., Balistreri, William F., Balwani, Manisha, Bamba, Vaneeta, Banerji, Aleena, Bang, Janet Y., Barai, Nikita, Baranowski, Katherine, Barclay, Sarah F., Barkoudah, Elizabeth, Barrero-Castillero, Alejandra, Barrett, Katherine J., Barron, Karyl S., Basel, Donald, Bass, Dorsey M., Bassett, Mary T., Bassiri, Hamid, Baum, Rebecca A., Behrens, Edward M., Bell, Michael J., Benjamin, Daniel K., Jr., Bennett, Amanda E., Bergerson, Jenna R.E., Bernstein, Daniel, Bernstein, Henry H., Bice-Urbach, Brittany J., Bielory, Brett P., Bielory, Leonard, Blanchard, Samra S., Blanchette, Eliza, Blatter, Joshua A., Bleyer, Archie, Boas, Steven R., Bock, Margret E., Boggs, Sarah R., Boivin, Michael J., Bonn, Julie, Bonthius, Daniel J., Boppana, Suresh B., Bordini, Brett J., Borst, Alexandra J., Bosse, Kristopher R., Boyer, Kenneth M., Brady, Patrick W., Brady, Rebecca C., Brady, Samuel L., Branchford, Brian R., Brandow, Amanda M., Brandsma, Erik, Breault, David T., Breuner, Cora Collette, Bridgemohan, Carolyn F., Britt, William J., Brower, Laura, Brown, Maria D., Brownell, Jefferson N., Browning, Meghen B., Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola, Bunyavanich, Supinda, Burstein, Danielle S., Bustinduy, Amaya L., Buyon, Jill P., Cabada, Miguel M., Cada, Michaela, Cairo, Mitchell S., Calello, Diane P., Cameron, Lindsay H., Campbell, Angela J.P., Candelaria, Margo, Cannon, Laura, Carlin, Rebecca F., Carlucci, James G., Carr, Michael R., Carrigan, Robert B., Carter, Rebecca G., Carter-Hamilton, Gail V., Case, Abigail, Chang, Pearl W., Chelimsky, Gisela G., Chelimsky, Thomas, Chemaitilly, Wassim, Chiotos, Kathleen, Chiu, Yvonne E., Chong, Hey Jin, Chou, Stella T., Christ, Lori A., Christenson, John C., Chugh, Ankur A., Cieslak, Theodore J., Claes, Donna J., Coates, Thomas D., Sánchez Códez, María I., Coffin, Susan E., Cohen, Mitchell B., Cohen, Susan S., Cole, F. Sessions, III, Collaco, J. Michael, Collins, James W., Jr., Congeni, Joseph A., Conrad, Máire A., Corcoran, Justin N., Corley, Alexandra M.S., Cox, Amanda L., Coyle, Anne M., Coyne-Beasley, Tamera, Craig, Sansanee S., Creighton, Sarah M., Crigger, Chad B., Crowe, James E., Jr., Culbert, Gabriel, Czinn, Steven J., Dalal, Aarti S., Dalmau, Josep, D’Andrea, Lynn A., Danziger-Isakov, Lara A., Darville, Toni, David, Richard J., Davidoff, Katharine, Davidson, Loren T., Davidson, Richard S., Davies, H. Dele, Davis, Stephanie D., Davis-Kankanamge, Christina, Daw, Najat C., Dean, Shannon L., DeBiasi, Roberta L., Delair, Shirley, DeLaroche, Amy M., De León-Crutchlow, Diva D., Oquendo Del Toro, Helen M., Del Valle Mojica, Coralee, DeMaso, David R., Dendrinos, Melina L., Dent, Arlene E., Desnick, Robert J., Deterding, Robin R., Devarajan, Prasad, deVeber, Gabrielle A., Dhar, Vineet K., Dhossche, Julie M., Diab, Liliane K., Di Carlo, Heather N., Dietz, Harry C., III, Dietze-Fiedler, Megan L., DiMeglio, Linda A., Dixon, Bradley P., DiVasta, Amy D., Dlamini, Nomazulu, Dobbs, Katherine R., Dodhia, Sonam N., Doerholt, Katja, Dolin, Cara D., Dominguez, Samuel R., Donohoue, Patricia A., Dow, Jennifer, Downes, Kevin J., Doyle, Daniel A., Doyle, Jefferson J., Dror, Yigal, Dubowitz, Howard, Dumler, J. Stephen, Duncan, Andrea F., Durant, Nefertiti H., Dvergsten, Jeffrey A., Earing, Michael G., Eberly, Col. Matthew D., Egan, Marie E., Eichenwald, Eric C., Elkadri, Abdul-Aziz K., Englander, Elizabeth, Ericson, Jessica E., Erkan, Elif, Etzel, Ruth A., Evans, Sarah Helen, Faherty, Erin, Falk, Marni J., Familiar-Lopez, Itziar, Fargo, John H., Feemster, Kristen A., Fehnel, Katie P., Feigelman, Susan, Feldman, Amy G., Feldman, Heidi M., Fels, Edward C., Felner, Eric I., Feng, Sing-Yi, Ferkol, Thomas W., Jr., Finberg, Karin E., Finder, Jonathan D., Fiorino, Kristin N., Fischer, Philip R., Fitzpatrick, Anne M., Flannery, Dustin D., Fleming, Nicholas L., Flood, Veronica H., Flores, Francisco X., Flynn, Joseph T., Flynn, Patricia M., Foglia, Elizabeth E., Forkey, Heather C., Forman, Joel A., Freeman, Alexandra F., Friedman, Deborah M., Friedman, Susan A., Friehling, Erika D., Fritz, Stephanie A., Frush, Donald P., Fuleihan, Ramsay L., Gahagan, Sheila, Gallagher, Patrick G., Galloway, David P., Gans, Hayley A., Garber, Andrea K., Gardiner, Paula M., Garibaldi, Luigi R., Gauthier, Gregory M., Gerber, Jeffrey S., Gershon, Anne A., Ghadersohi, Saied, Gibbs, Kathleen A., Gibson, Mark, Gigante, Joseph, Gigliotti, Francis, Gilley, Stephanie P., Gilliam, Walter S., Ginde, Salil, Girotto, John A., Goldfarb, Samuel B., Goldman, David L., Goldman, Stanton C., Gómez-Duarte, Oscar G., Good, Misty, Goodbody, Christine M., Goodman, Denise M., Goodman, Tracey, Goodyer, William R., Gordon, Catherine M., Gordon, Leslie B., Gordon, Rebecca J., Gordon-Lipkin, Eliza, Gorelik, Michael, Gower, W. Adam, Graber, Evan G., Graff, Zachary T., Graham, Robert J., Green, Cori M., Green, Michael, Greenbaum, Larry A., Greenbaum, V. Jordan, Greiner, Mary V., Griffiths, Anne G., Grizzle, Kenneth L., Groner, Judith A., Grumach, Anete Sevciovic, Gueye-Ndiaye, Seyni, Guz-Mark, Anat, Haamid, Fareeda, Haddad, Gabriel G., Haddad, Joseph, Jr., Haemer, Matthew A., Hagan, Joseph F., Jr., Haider, Suraiya K., Hakim, Hana, Haldeman-Englert, Chad R., Halstead, Scott B., Hamie, Lamiaa, Hammerschlag, Margaret R., Hammershaimb, E. Adrianne, Hampton, Elisa, Hamvas, Aaron, Hanchard, Neil A., Hanley, Patrick C., Hanna, Melisha G., Harijan, Pooja D., Harrison, Douglas J., Harstad, Elizabeth B., Haslam, David B., Hauck, Fern R., Havers, Fiona P., Hayes, Ericka V., Heard-Garris, Nia J., Hedrick, Holly L., Hemingway, Cheryl, Heneghan, Chelsea, Hernandez, Michelle L., Hernandez-Trujillo, Vivian P., Hernandez Tejada, Fiorela N., Herrick, Heidi M., Hershey, Andrew D., Herzog, Cynthia E., Heston, Sarah M., Hijazi, Ghada, Hill, Samantha V., Hochberg, Jessica, Hodes, Deborah, Hoefgen, Holly R., Holinger, Lauren D., Holland-Hall, Cynthia M., Hollenbach, Laura L., Holler-Managan, Yolanda F., Hooper, David K., Hooven, Thomas A., Hoover-Fong, Julie E., Hopper, Rachel K., Hord, Jeffrey D., Horn, B. David, Horstmann, Helen M., Hotez, Peter J., House, Samantha A., Howard, Ashley C., Howard, Mary Beth, Hsu, Evelyn K., Hsu, Katherine, Huddleston, Heather G., Huh, Winston W., Humphrey, Stephen R., Hunstad, David A., Hunger, Stephen P., Hunt, Carl E., Huppert, Stacey S., Huppler, Anna R., Hurt, Hallam, Izumi, Kosuke, Jackson, Allison M., Jackson, Mary Anne, Jaffe, Ashlee M., James, Kiera M., Janowski, Andrew B., Jenssen, Brian P., Jinnah, H.A., John, Chandy C., Johansen, Kari, Johnson, Susan L., Johnston, Brian D., Jongco, Artemio M., III, Josephson, Cassandra D., Joyce, Joel C., Jyonouchi, Soma, Kabbany, Mohammad Nasser, Kabbouche, Marielle, Kacperski, Joanne, Kadry, Nadia A., Kaj-Carbaidwala, Batul, Kalish, Jennifer M., Kamat, Deepak, Kansra, Alvina R., Kanter, David M., Kao, Carol M., Kapavarapu, Prasanna K., Kattan, Jacob, Kelly, Andrea, Kelly, Desmond P., Kelly, Matthew S., Kelly, Michael E., Kendi, Sadiqa, Kerem, Eitan, Kerr, Julie M., Khan, David A., Khan, Seema, Khatami, Ameneh, Khaytin, Ilya, Kier, Catherine, Kilinsky, Alexandra, Kim, Chong-Tae, Kim, Jung Won, Kim, Rosa K., King, J. Michael, Kirschen, Matthew P., Kishnani, Priya S., Klawonn, Meghan A., Klein, Bruce L., Klein, Bruce S., Kliegman, Alison S., Kliegman, Robert M., Kneyber, Martin C.J., Koch, William C., Kochanek, Patrick M., Kodish, Eric, Kohlhoff, Stephan A., Kortepeter, Mark G., Kotloff, Karen L., Koumbourlis, Anastassios C., Krause, Peter J., Krebs, Nancy F., Kreipe, Richard E., Krug, Steven E., Kwiatkowski, Janet L., Kwon, Jennifer M., Ladisch, Stephan, Lakser, Oren J., Lalor, Leah, Lam, Simon, Lambert, Michele P., Lampe, Christina, Landry, Gregory L., Lane, Wendy G., Larson, A. Noelle, LaRussa, Phillip S., Lawrence, J. Todd R., Lee, Brendan, Lee, Erica H., Leiding, Jennifer W., Lemmon, Monica E., Lesser, Daniel J., Lestrud, Steven O., Leung, Donald Y.M., Levas, Michael N., Liacouras, Chris A., Lipkin, Paul H., Liptzin, Deborah R., Liu, Andrew H., Lo, Mindy S., Lo, Stanley F., Long, Sarah S., Lord, Katherine, Macias, Charles G., Macias, Michelle M., Macumber, Ian R., Magnusson, Mark R., Magoulas, Pilar L., Maguire, Kathleen J., Mahajan, Prashant V., Majzoub, Joseph A., Mamula, Petar, Manak, Colleen K., Mangus, Courtney W., Manoli, Irini, Manzur, Adnan Y., Maqbool, Asim, Maranich, Col. Ashley M., Margetts, Miranda, Margolis, David, Marin, Mona, Marini, Joan C., Markowitz, Morri, Maroushek, Stacene R., Marsh, Justin D., Marshall, Trisha L., Martin, Kari L., Masson, Vicki K., Matalon, Dena R., Matalon, Reuben K., Mathijssen, Irene M.J., Reddy Matta, Sravan Kumar, Maxwell, Elizabeth C., Maybank, Aletha, McCabe, Megan E., McCain, Darla H., McColley, Susanna A., McConnico, Neena, McCormick, Elizabeth M., McDonald, Christine M., McGovern, Margaret M., McGrath-Morrow, Sharon A., McInerney, Alissa, McKinney, Jeffrey S., McLeod, Rima, McVay-Gillam, Marcene R., Meade, Julia C., Meehan, William P., III, Mejias, Asuncion, Melby, Peter C., Melzer-Lange, Marlene D., Merves, Jamie F., Messacar, Kevin B., Michaels, Marian G., Michniacki, Thomas F., Mikati, Mohamad A., Miller-Handley, Hilary E., Mink, Jonathan W., Mirasola, Karolyn, Mistovich, R. 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2025
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48. Introduction

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Flynn, Patricia M., primary, Tan, Tay Keong, additional, and Gudić, Milenko, additional

Published
2017
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50. Introduction

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Kilgour, Maureen A., primary, Haynes, Kathryn, additional, and Flynn, Patricia M., additional

Published
2017
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