Search

Your search keyword '"Flynn, Dan F. B."' showing total 160 results
Start Over Author "Flynn, Dan F. B."
160 results on '"Flynn, Dan F. B."'

4. Resilience and Disaster Recovery Tool Suite for Evaluating Resilient Infrastructure Return on Investment with a Robust Decision-Making Metamodeling Approach

Author

Lewis, Kristin C., Badgley, Jonathan, Flynn, Dan F. B., Gillham, Olivia, Oberg, Alexander, Reese, Gretchen E., Smith, Scott, and Zhang, Kevin

Abstract

There is a growing interest in enhancing the resilience of the transportation network in the face of hazards such as storms, flooding, and climate change impacts. Transportation agencies and planning organizations need tools to assess potential resilience-focused infrastructure projects and to support infrastructure project justifications. In support of the U.S. Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, we developed the open-source, publicly available Resilience and Disaster Recovery (RDR) Tool Suite to evaluate resilient infrastructure return on investment. This tool suite is based on robust decision-making concepts that enable scenario analysis and decision making under uncertainty. The RDR Tool Suite leverages widely used travel demand modeling as well as benefit–cost analysis, breakeven analysis, and benefit–cost analysis under uncertainty to accommodate a range of data availability. The tool suite also includes an Exposure Analysis Tool to assist with assigning hazard severity to the transportation network. This paper provides an overview of the newly released RDR Tool Suite and its utility for transportation planning.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Removing subordinate species in a biodiversity experiment to mimic observational field studies

Author

Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214, Schmitz, Martin, Rzanny, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7232-5547, Scherer‐Lorenzen, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9566-590X, Mwangi, Peter N, Weisser, Wolfgang W; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2757-8959, Hector, Andrew; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1309-7716, Schmid, Roland, Flynn, Dan F B; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2978-5257, Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214, Schmitz, Martin, Rzanny, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7232-5547, Scherer‐Lorenzen, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9566-590X, Mwangi, Peter N, Weisser, Wolfgang W; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2757-8959, Hector, Andrew; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1309-7716, Schmid, Roland, and Flynn, Dan F B; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2978-5257

Abstract

Background: Positive effects of plant species richness on community biomass in biodiversity experiments are often stronger than those from observational field studies. This may be because experiments are initiated with randomly assembled species compositions whereas field communities have experienced filtering. Methods: We compared aboveground biomass production of randomly assembled communities of 2–16 species (controls) with experimentally filtered communities from which subordinate species were removed, resulting in removal communities of 1–8 species. Results: Removal communities had (1) 12.6% higher biomass than control communities from which they were derived, that is, with double species richness and (2) 32.0% higher biomass than control communities of equal richness. These differences were maintained along the richness gradient. The increased productivity of removal communities was paralleled by increased species evenness and complementarity. Conclusions: Result (1) indicates that subordinate species can reduce community biomass production, suggesting a possible explanation for why the most diverse field communities sometimes do not have the highest productivity. Result (2) suggests that if a community of S species has been derived by filtering from a pool of 2S randomly chosen species it is more productive than a community derived from a pool of S randomly chosen species without filtering.

Published
2022

23. TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Author

Kattge, Jens, Bönisch, Gerhard, Díaz, Sandra, Lavorel, Sandra, Prentice, Iain Colin, Leadley, Paul, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Werner, Gijsbert D. A., Aakala, Tuomas, Abedi, Mehdi, Acosta, Alicia T. R., Adamidis, George C., Adamson, Kairi, Aiba, Masahiro, Albert, Cécile H., Alcántara, Julio M., Alcázar C, Carolina, Aleixo, Izabela, Ali, Hamada, Amiaud, Bernard, Ammer, Christian, Amoroso, Mariano M., Anand, Madhur, Anderson, Carolyn, Anten, Niels, Antos, Joseph, Apgaua, Deborah Mattos Guimarães, Ashman, Tia-Lynn, Asmara, Degi Harja, Asner, Gregory P., Aspinwall, Michael, Atkin, Owen, Aubin, Isabelle, Baastrup-Spohr, Lars, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Baker, Timothy, Baker, William J., Bakker, Jan P., Baldocchi, Dennis, Baltzer, Jennifer, Banerjee, Arindam, Baranger, Anne, Barlow, Jos, Barneche, Diego R., Baruch, Zdravko, Bastianelli, Denis, Battles, John, Bauerle, William, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzato, Erika, Beckmann, Michael, Beeckman, Hans, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bekker, Renee, Belfry, Gavin, Belluau, Michael, Beloiu, Mirela, Benavides, Raquel, Benomar, Lahcen, Berdugo-Lattke, Mary Lee, Berenguer, Erika, Bergamin, Rodrigo, Bergmann, Joana, Bergmann Carlucci, Marcos, Berner, Logan, Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus, Bigler, Christof, Bjorkman, Anne D., Blackman, Chris, Blanco, Carolina, Blonder, Benjamin, Blumenthal, Dana, Bocanegra-González, Kelly T., Boeckx, Pascal, Bohlman, Stephanie, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Boisvert-Marsh, Laura, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Boom, Arnoud, Boonman, Coline C. F., Bordin, Kauane, Boughton, Elizabeth H., Boukili, Vanessa, Bowman, David M. J. S., Bravo, Sandra, Brendel, Marco Richard, Broadley, Martin R., Brown, Kerry A., Bruelheide, Helge, Brumnich, Federico, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Bruy, David, Buchanan, Serra W., Bucher, Solveig Franziska, Buchmann, Nina, Buitenwerf, Robert, Bunker, Daniel E., Bürger, Jana, Burrascano, Sabina, Burslem, David F. R. P., Butterfield, Bradley J., Byun, Chaeho, Marques, Marcia, Scalon, Marina C., Caccianiga, Marco, Cadotte, Marc, Cailleret, Maxime, Camac, James, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Campany, Courtney, Campetella, Giandiego, Campos, Juan Antonio, Cano-Arboleda, Laura, Canullo, Roberto, Carbognani, Michele, Carvalho, Fabio, Casanoves, Fernando, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Catford, Jane A., Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Cervellini, Marco, Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Chapin, Kenneth, Chapin, F. Stuart, Chelli, Stefano, Chen, Si-Chong, Chen, Anping, Cherubini, Paolo, Chianucci, Francesco, Choat, Brendan, Chung, Kyong-Sook, Chytrý, Milan, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Coll, Lluís, Collins, Courtney G., Conti, Luisa, Coomes, David, Cornelissen, Johannes H. C., Cornwell, William K., Corona, Piermaria, Coyea, Marie, Craine, Joseph, Craven, Dylan, Cromsigt, Joris P. G. M., Csecserits, Anikó, Cufar, Katarina, Cuntz, Matthias, da Silva, Ana Carolina, Dahlin, Kyla M., Dainese, Matteo, Dalke, Igor, Dalle Fratte, Michele, Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, Danihelka, Jirí, Dannoura, Masako, Dawson, Samantha, de Beer, Arend Jacobus, De Frutos, Angel, De Long, Jonathan R., Dechant, Benjamin, Delagrange, Sylvain, Delpierre, Nicolas, Derroire, Géraldine, Dias, Arildo S., Diaz-Toribio, Milton Hugo, Dimitrakopoulos, Panayiotis G., Dobrowolski, Mark, Doktor, Daniel, Dřevojan, Pavel, Dong, Ning, Dransfield, John, Dressler, Stefan, Duarte, Leandro, Ducouret, Emilie, Dullinger, Stefan, Durka, Walter, Duursma, Remko, Dymova, Olga, E-Vojtkó, Anna, Eckstein, Rolf Lutz, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Elser, James, Emilio, Thaise, Engemann, Kristine, Erfanian, Mohammad Bagher, Erfmeier, Alexandra, Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane, Esser, Gerd, Estiarte, Marc, Domingues, Tomas F., Fagan, William F., Fagúndez, Jaime, Falster, Daniel S., Fang, Jingyun, Farris, Emmanuele, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Feng, Yanhao, Fernandez-Mendez, Fernando, Ferrara, Carlotta, Ferreira, Joice, Fidelis, Alessandra, Finegan, Bryan, Firn, Jennifer, Flowers, Timothy J., Flynn, Dan F. B., Fontana, Veronika, Forey, Estelle, Forgiarini, Cristiane, François, Louis, Frangipani, Marcelo, Frank, Dorothea, Frenette-Dussault, Cedric, Freschet, Grégoire T., Fry, Ellen L., Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Mazzochini, Guilherme G., Gachet, Sophie, Gallagher, Rachael, Ganade, Gislene, Ganga, Francesca, García-Palacios, Pablo, Gargaglione, Verónica, Garnier, Eric, Garrido, Jose Luis, de Gasper, André Luís, Gea-Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gibson, David, Gillison, Andrew N., Giroldo, Aelton, Glasenhardt, Mary-Claire, Gleason, Sean, Gliesch, Mariana, Goldberg, Emma, Göldel, Bastian, Gonzalez-Akre, Erika, Gonzalez-Andujar, Jose L., González-Melo, Andrés, González-Robles, Ana, Graae, Bente Jessen, Granda, Elena, Graves, Sarah, Green, Walton A., Gregor, Thomas, Gross, Nicolas, Guerin, Greg R., Günther, Angela, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Haddock, Lillie, Haines, Anna, Hall, Jefferson, Hambuckers, Alain, Han, Wenxuan, Harrison, Sandy P., Hattingh, Wesley, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Tianhua, He, Pengcheng, Heberling, Jacob Mason, Helm, Aveliina, Hempel, Stefan, Hentschel, Jörn, Hérault, Bruno, Hereş, Ana-Maria, Herz, Katharina, Heuertz, Myriam, Hickler, Thomas, Hietz, Peter, Higuchi, Pedro, Hipp, Andrew L., Hirons, Andrew, Hock, Maria, Hogan, James Aaron, Holl, Karen, Honnay, Olivier, Hornstein, Daniel, Hou, Enqing, Hough-Snee, Nate, Hovstad, Knut Anders, Ichie, Tomoaki, Igić, Boris, Illa, Estela, Isaac, Marney, Ishihara, Masae, Ivanov, Leonid, Ivanova, Larissa, Iversen, Colleen M., Izquierdo, Jordi, Jackson, Robert B., Jackson, Benjamin, Jactel, Hervé, Jagodzinski, Andrzej M., Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Steven, Jenkins, Thomas, Jentsch, Anke, Jespersen, Jens Rasmus Plantener, Jiang, Guo-Feng, Johansen, Jesper Liengaard, Johnson, David, Jokela, Eric J., Joly, Carlos Alfredo, Jordan, Gregory J., Joseph, Grant Stuart, Junaedi, Decky, Junker, Robert R., Justes, Eric, Kabzems, Richard, Kane, Jeffrey, Kaplan, Zdenek, Kattenborn, Teja, Kavelenova, Lyudmila, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kempel, Anne, Kenzo, Tanaka, Kerkhoff, Andrew, Khalil, Mohammed I., Kinlock, Nicole L., Kissling, Wilm Daniel, Kitajima, Kaoru, Kitzberger, Thomas, Kjøller, Rasmus, Klein, Tamir, Kleyer, Michael, Klimešová, Jitka, Klipel, Joice, Kloeppel, Brian, Klotz, Stefan, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kohyama, Takashi, Koike, Fumito, Kollmann, Johannes, Komac, Benjamin, Komatsu, Kimberly, König, Christian, Kraft, Nathan J. B., Kramer, Koen, Kreft, Holger, Kühn, Ingolf, Kumarathunge, Dushan, Kuppler, Jonas, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Kurosawa, Yoko, Kuyah, Shem, Laclau, Jean-Paul, Lafleur, Benoit, Lallai, Erik, Lamb, Eric, Lamprecht, Andrea, Larkin, Daniel J., Laughlin, Daniel, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, le Maire, Guerric, le Roux, Peter C., le Roux, Elizabeth, Lee, Tali, Lens, Frederic, Lewis, Simon L., Lhotsky, Barbara, Li, Yuanzhi, Li, Xine, Lichstein, Jeremy W., Liebergesell, Mario, Lim, Jun Ying, Lin, Yan-Shih, Linares, Juan Carlos, Liu, Chunjiang, Liu, Daijun, Liu, Udayangani, Livingstone, Stuart, Llusià, Joan, Lohbeck, Madelon, López-García, Álvaro, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Lososová, Zdeňka, Louault, Frédérique, Lukács, Balázs A., Lukeš, Petr, Luo, Yunjian, Lussu, Michele, Ma, Siyan, Maciel Rabelo Pereira, Camilla, Mack, Michelle, Maire, Vincent, Mäkelä, Annikki, Mäkinen, Harri, Malhado, Ana Claudia Mendes, Mallik, Azim, Manning, Peter, Manzoni, Stefano, Marchetti, Zuleica, Marchino, Luca, Marcilio-Silva, Vinicius, Marcon, Eric, Marignani, Michela, Markesteijn, Lars, Martin, Adam, Martínez-Garza, Cristina, Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Mašková, Tereza, Mason, Kelly, Mason, Norman, Massad, Tara Joy, Masse, Jacynthe, Mayrose, Itay, McCarthy, James, McCormack, M. Luke, McCulloh, Katherine, McFadden, Ian R., McGill, Brian J., McPartland, Mara Y., Medeiros, Juliana S., Medlyn, Belinda, Meerts, Pierre, Mehrabi, Zia, Meir, Patrick, Melo, Felipe P. L., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Meredieu, Céline, Messier, Julie, Mészáros, Ilona, Metsaranta, Juha, Michaletz, Sean T., Michelaki, Chrysanthi, Migalina, Svetlana, Milla, Ruben, Miller, Jesse E. D., Minden, Vanessa, Ming, Ray, Mokany, Karel, Moles, Angela T., Molnár V, Attila, Molofsky, Jane, Molz, Martin, Montgomery, Rebecca A., Monty, Arnaud, Moravcová, Lenka, Moreno-Martínez, Alvaro, Moretti, Marco, Mori, Akira S., Mori, Shigeta, Morris, Dave, Morrison, Jane, Mucina, Ladislav, Mueller, Sandra, Muir, Christopher D., Müller, Sandra Cristina, Munoz, François, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Myster, Randall W., Nagano, Masahiro, Naidu, Shawna, Narayanan, Ayyappan, Natesan, Balachandran, Negoita, Luka, Nelson, Andrew S., Neuschulz, Eike Lena, Ni, Jian, Niedrist, Georg, Nieto, Jhon, Niinemets, Ülo, Nolan, Rachael, Nottebrock, Henning, Nouvellon, Yann, Novakovskiy, Alexander, Network, The Nutrient, Nystuen, Kristin Odden, O'Grady, Anthony, O'Hara, Kevin, O'Reilly-Nugent, Andrew, Oakley, Simon, Oberhuber, Walter, Ohtsuka, Toshiyuki, Oliveira, Ricardo, Öllerer, Kinga, Olson, Mark E., Onipchenko, Vladimir, Onoda, Yusuke, Onstein, Renske E., Ordonez, Jenny C., Osada, Noriyuki, Ostonen, Ivika, Ottaviani, Gianluigi, Otto, Sarah, Overbeck, Gerhard E., Ozinga, Wim A., Pahl, Anna T., Paine, C. E. Timothy, Pakeman, Robin J., Papageorgiou, Aristotelis C., Parfionova, Evgeniya, Pärtel, Meelis, Patacca, Marco, Paula, Susana, Paule, Juraj, Pauli, Harald, Pausas, Juli G., Peco, Begoña, Penuelas, Josep, Perea, Antonio, Peri, Pablo Luis, Petisco-Souza, Ana Carolina, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petritan, Any Mary, Phillips, Oliver L., Pierce, Simon, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Pomogaybin, Alexandr, Poorter, Hendrik, Portsmuth, Angelika, Poschlod, Peter, Potvin, Catherine, Pounds, Devon, Powell, A. Shafer, Power, Sally A., Prinzing, Andreas, Puglielli, Giacomo, Pyšek, Petr, Raevel, Valerie, Rammig, Anja, Ransijn, Johannes, Ray, Courtenay A., Reich, Peter B., Reichstein, Markus, Reid, Douglas E. B., Réjou-Méchain, Maxime, de Dios, Victor Resco, Ribeiro, Sabina, Richardson, Sarah, Riibak, Kersti, Rillig, Matthias C., Riviera, Fiamma, Robert, Elisabeth M. R., Roberts, Scott, Robroek, Bjorn, Roddy, Adam, Rodrigues, Arthur Vinicius, Rogers, Alistair, Rollinson, Emily, Rolo, Victor, Römermann, Christine, Ronzhina, Dina, Roscher, Christiane, Rosell, Julieta A., Rosenfield, Milena Fermina, Rossi, Christian, Roy, David B., Royer-Tardif, Samuel, Rüger, Nadja, Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo, Rumpf, Sabine B., Rusch, Graciela M., Ryo, Masahiro, Sack, Lawren, Saldaña, Angela, Salgado-Negret, Beatriz, Salguero-Gomez, Roberto, Santa-Regina, Ignacio, Santacruz-García, Ana Carolina, Santos, Joaquim, Sardans, Jordi, Schamp, Brandon, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Schleuning, Matthias, Schmid, Bernhard, Schmidt, Marco, Schmitt, Sylvain, Schneider, Julio V., Schowanek, Simon D., Schrader, Julian, Schrodt, Franziska, Schuldt, Bernhard, Schurr, Frank, Selaya Garvizu, Galia, Semchenko, Marina, Seymour, Colleen, Sfair, Julia C., Sharpe, Joanne M., Sheppard, Christine S., Sheremetiev, Serge, Shiodera, Satomi, Shipley, Bill, Shovon, Tanvir Ahmed, Siebenkäs, Alrun, Sierra, Carlos, Silva, Vasco, Silva, Mateus, Sitzia, Tommaso, Sjöman, Henrik, Slot, Martijn, Smith, Nicholas G., Sodhi, Darwin, Soltis, Pamela, Soltis, Douglas, Somers, Ben, Sonnier, Grégory, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, Sosinski Jr, Enio Egon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Souza, Alexandre F., Spasojevic, Marko, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, Stan, Amanda B., Stegen, James, Steinbauer, Klaus, Stephan, Jörg G., Sterck, Frank, Stojanovic, Dejan B., Strydom, Tanya, Suarez, Maria Laura, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Svitková, Ivana, Svitok, Marek, Svoboda, Miroslav, Swaine, Emily, Swenson, Nathan, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Takagi, Kentaro, Tappeiner, Ulrike, Tarifa, Rubén, Tauugourdeau, Simon, Tavsanoglu, Cagatay, te Beest, Mariska, Tedersoo, Leho, Thiffault, Nelson, Thom, Dominik, Thomas, Evert, Thompson, Ken, Thornton, Peter E., Thuiller, Wilfried, Tichý, Lubomír, Tissue, David, Tjoelker, Mark G., Tng, David Yue Phin, Tobias, Joseph, Török, Péter, Tarin, Tonantzin, Torres-Ruiz, José M., Tóthmérész, Béla, Treurnicht, Martina, Trivellone, Valeria, Trolliet, Franck, Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Tsakalos, James L., Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Tysklind, Niklas, Umehara, Toru, Usoltsev, Vladimir, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew, Vaezi, Jamil, Valladares, Fernando, Vamosi, Jana, van Bodegom, Peter M., van Breugel, Michiel, Van Cleemput, Elisa, van de Weg, Martine, van der Merwe, Stephni, van der Plas, Fons, van der Sande, Masha T., van Kleunen, Mark, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Vanderwel, Mark, Vanselow, Kim André, Vårhammar, Angelica, Varone, Laura, Vasquez Valderrama, Maribel Yesenia, Vassilev, Kiril, Vellend, Mark, Veneklaas, Erik J., Verbeeck, Hans, Verheyen, Kris, Vibrans, Alexander, Vieira, Ima, Villacís, Jaime, Violle, Cyrille, Vivek, Pandi, Wagner, Katrin, Waldram, Matthew, Waldron, Anthony, Walker, Anthony P., Waller, Martyn, Walther, Gabriel, Wang, Han, Wang, Feng, Wang, Weiqi, Watkins, Harry, Watkins, James, Weber, Ulrich, Weedon, James T., Wei, Liping, Weigelt, Patrick, Weiher, Evan, Wells, Aidan W., Wellstein, Camilla, Wenk, Elizabeth, Westoby, Mark, Westwood, Alana, White, Philip John, Whitten, Mark, Williams, Mathew, Winkler, Daniel E., Winter, Klaus, Womack, Chevonne, Wright, Ian J., Wright, S. Joseph, Wright, Justin, Pinho, Bruno X., Ximenes, Fabiano, Yamada, Toshihiro, Yamaji, Keiko, Yanai, Ruth, Yankov, Nikolay, Yguel, Benjamin, Zanini, Kátia Janaina, Zanne, Amy E., Zelený, David, Zhao, Yun-Peng, Zheng, Jingming, Zheng, Ji, Ziemińska, Kasia, Zirbel, Chad R., Zizka, Georg, Zo-Bi, Irié Casimir, Zotz, Gerhard, Wirth, Christian, Kattge, Jens, Bönisch, Gerhard, Díaz, Sandra, Lavorel, Sandra, Prentice, Iain Colin, Leadley, Paul, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Werner, Gijsbert D. A., Aakala, Tuomas, Abedi, Mehdi, Acosta, Alicia T. R., Adamidis, George C., Adamson, Kairi, Aiba, Masahiro, Albert, Cécile H., Alcántara, Julio M., Alcázar C, Carolina, Aleixo, Izabela, Ali, Hamada, Amiaud, Bernard, Ammer, Christian, Amoroso, Mariano M., Anand, Madhur, Anderson, Carolyn, Anten, Niels, Antos, Joseph, Apgaua, Deborah Mattos Guimarães, Ashman, Tia-Lynn, Asmara, Degi Harja, Asner, Gregory P., Aspinwall, Michael, Atkin, Owen, Aubin, Isabelle, Baastrup-Spohr, Lars, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Baker, Timothy, Baker, William J., Bakker, Jan P., Baldocchi, Dennis, Baltzer, Jennifer, Banerjee, Arindam, Baranger, Anne, Barlow, Jos, Barneche, Diego R., Baruch, Zdravko, Bastianelli, Denis, Battles, John, Bauerle, William, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzato, Erika, Beckmann, Michael, Beeckman, Hans, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bekker, Renee, Belfry, Gavin, Belluau, Michael, Beloiu, Mirela, Benavides, Raquel, Benomar, Lahcen, Berdugo-Lattke, Mary Lee, Berenguer, Erika, Bergamin, Rodrigo, Bergmann, Joana, Bergmann Carlucci, Marcos, Berner, Logan, Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus, Bigler, Christof, Bjorkman, Anne D., Blackman, Chris, Blanco, Carolina, Blonder, Benjamin, Blumenthal, Dana, Bocanegra-González, Kelly T., Boeckx, Pascal, Bohlman, Stephanie, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Boisvert-Marsh, Laura, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Boom, Arnoud, Boonman, Coline C. F., Bordin, Kauane, Boughton, Elizabeth H., Boukili, Vanessa, Bowman, David M. J. S., Bravo, Sandra, Brendel, Marco Richard, Broadley, Martin R., Brown, Kerry A., Bruelheide, Helge, Brumnich, Federico, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Bruy, David, Buchanan, Serra W., Bucher, Solveig Franziska, Buchmann, Nina, Buitenwerf, Robert, Bunker, Daniel E., Bürger, Jana, Burrascano, Sabina, Burslem, David F. R. P., Butterfield, Bradley J., Byun, Chaeho, Marques, Marcia, Scalon, Marina C., Caccianiga, Marco, Cadotte, Marc, Cailleret, Maxime, Camac, James, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Campany, Courtney, Campetella, Giandiego, Campos, Juan Antonio, Cano-Arboleda, Laura, Canullo, Roberto, Carbognani, Michele, Carvalho, Fabio, Casanoves, Fernando, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Catford, Jane A., Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Cervellini, Marco, Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Chapin, Kenneth, Chapin, F. Stuart, Chelli, Stefano, Chen, Si-Chong, Chen, Anping, Cherubini, Paolo, Chianucci, Francesco, Choat, Brendan, Chung, Kyong-Sook, Chytrý, Milan, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Coll, Lluís, Collins, Courtney G., Conti, Luisa, Coomes, David, Cornelissen, Johannes H. C., Cornwell, William K., Corona, Piermaria, Coyea, Marie, Craine, Joseph, Craven, Dylan, Cromsigt, Joris P. G. M., Csecserits, Anikó, Cufar, Katarina, Cuntz, Matthias, da Silva, Ana Carolina, Dahlin, Kyla M., Dainese, Matteo, Dalke, Igor, Dalle Fratte, Michele, Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, Danihelka, Jirí, Dannoura, Masako, Dawson, Samantha, de Beer, Arend Jacobus, De Frutos, Angel, De Long, Jonathan R., Dechant, Benjamin, Delagrange, Sylvain, Delpierre, Nicolas, Derroire, Géraldine, Dias, Arildo S., Diaz-Toribio, Milton Hugo, Dimitrakopoulos, Panayiotis G., Dobrowolski, Mark, Doktor, Daniel, Dřevojan, Pavel, Dong, Ning, Dransfield, John, Dressler, Stefan, Duarte, Leandro, Ducouret, Emilie, Dullinger, Stefan, Durka, Walter, Duursma, Remko, Dymova, Olga, E-Vojtkó, Anna, Eckstein, Rolf Lutz, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Elser, James, Emilio, Thaise, Engemann, Kristine, Erfanian, Mohammad Bagher, Erfmeier, Alexandra, Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane, Esser, Gerd, Estiarte, Marc, Domingues, Tomas F., Fagan, William F., Fagúndez, Jaime, Falster, Daniel S., Fang, Jingyun, Farris, Emmanuele, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Feng, Yanhao, Fernandez-Mendez, Fernando, Ferrara, Carlotta, Ferreira, Joice, Fidelis, Alessandra, Finegan, Bryan, Firn, Jennifer, Flowers, Timothy J., Flynn, Dan F. B., Fontana, Veronika, Forey, Estelle, Forgiarini, Cristiane, François, Louis, Frangipani, Marcelo, Frank, Dorothea, Frenette-Dussault, Cedric, Freschet, Grégoire T., Fry, Ellen L., Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Mazzochini, Guilherme G., Gachet, Sophie, Gallagher, Rachael, Ganade, Gislene, Ganga, Francesca, García-Palacios, Pablo, Gargaglione, Verónica, Garnier, Eric, Garrido, Jose Luis, de Gasper, André Luís, Gea-Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gibson, David, Gillison, Andrew N., Giroldo, Aelton, Glasenhardt, Mary-Claire, Gleason, Sean, Gliesch, Mariana, Goldberg, Emma, Göldel, Bastian, Gonzalez-Akre, Erika, Gonzalez-Andujar, Jose L., González-Melo, Andrés, González-Robles, Ana, Graae, Bente Jessen, Granda, Elena, Graves, Sarah, Green, Walton A., Gregor, Thomas, Gross, Nicolas, Guerin, Greg R., Günther, Angela, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Haddock, Lillie, Haines, Anna, Hall, Jefferson, Hambuckers, Alain, Han, Wenxuan, Harrison, Sandy P., Hattingh, Wesley, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Tianhua, He, Pengcheng, Heberling, Jacob Mason, Helm, Aveliina, Hempel, Stefan, Hentschel, Jörn, Hérault, Bruno, Hereş, Ana-Maria, Herz, Katharina, Heuertz, Myriam, Hickler, Thomas, Hietz, Peter, Higuchi, Pedro, Hipp, Andrew L., Hirons, Andrew, Hock, Maria, Hogan, James Aaron, Holl, Karen, Honnay, Olivier, Hornstein, Daniel, Hou, Enqing, Hough-Snee, Nate, Hovstad, Knut Anders, Ichie, Tomoaki, Igić, Boris, Illa, Estela, Isaac, Marney, Ishihara, Masae, Ivanov, Leonid, Ivanova, Larissa, Iversen, Colleen M., Izquierdo, Jordi, Jackson, Robert B., Jackson, Benjamin, Jactel, Hervé, Jagodzinski, Andrzej M., Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Steven, Jenkins, Thomas, Jentsch, Anke, Jespersen, Jens Rasmus Plantener, Jiang, Guo-Feng, Johansen, Jesper Liengaard, Johnson, David, Jokela, Eric J., Joly, Carlos Alfredo, Jordan, Gregory J., Joseph, Grant Stuart, Junaedi, Decky, Junker, Robert R., Justes, Eric, Kabzems, Richard, Kane, Jeffrey, Kaplan, Zdenek, Kattenborn, Teja, Kavelenova, Lyudmila, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kempel, Anne, Kenzo, Tanaka, Kerkhoff, Andrew, Khalil, Mohammed I., Kinlock, Nicole L., Kissling, Wilm Daniel, Kitajima, Kaoru, Kitzberger, Thomas, Kjøller, Rasmus, Klein, Tamir, Kleyer, Michael, Klimešová, Jitka, Klipel, Joice, Kloeppel, Brian, Klotz, Stefan, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kohyama, Takashi, Koike, Fumito, Kollmann, Johannes, Komac, Benjamin, Komatsu, Kimberly, König, Christian, Kraft, Nathan J. B., Kramer, Koen, Kreft, Holger, Kühn, Ingolf, Kumarathunge, Dushan, Kuppler, Jonas, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Kurosawa, Yoko, Kuyah, Shem, Laclau, Jean-Paul, Lafleur, Benoit, Lallai, Erik, Lamb, Eric, Lamprecht, Andrea, Larkin, Daniel J., Laughlin, Daniel, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, le Maire, Guerric, le Roux, Peter C., le Roux, Elizabeth, Lee, Tali, Lens, Frederic, Lewis, Simon L., Lhotsky, Barbara, Li, Yuanzhi, Li, Xine, Lichstein, Jeremy W., Liebergesell, Mario, Lim, Jun Ying, Lin, Yan-Shih, Linares, Juan Carlos, Liu, Chunjiang, Liu, Daijun, Liu, Udayangani, Livingstone, Stuart, Llusià, Joan, Lohbeck, Madelon, López-García, Álvaro, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Lososová, Zdeňka, Louault, Frédérique, Lukács, Balázs A., Lukeš, Petr, Luo, Yunjian, Lussu, Michele, Ma, Siyan, Maciel Rabelo Pereira, Camilla, Mack, Michelle, Maire, Vincent, Mäkelä, Annikki, Mäkinen, Harri, Malhado, Ana Claudia Mendes, Mallik, Azim, Manning, Peter, Manzoni, Stefano, Marchetti, Zuleica, Marchino, Luca, Marcilio-Silva, Vinicius, Marcon, Eric, Marignani, Michela, Markesteijn, Lars, Martin, Adam, Martínez-Garza, Cristina, Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Mašková, Tereza, Mason, Kelly, Mason, Norman, Massad, Tara Joy, Masse, Jacynthe, Mayrose, Itay, McCarthy, James, McCormack, M. Luke, McCulloh, Katherine, McFadden, Ian R., McGill, Brian J., McPartland, Mara Y., Medeiros, Juliana S., Medlyn, Belinda, Meerts, Pierre, Mehrabi, Zia, Meir, Patrick, Melo, Felipe P. L., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Meredieu, Céline, Messier, Julie, Mészáros, Ilona, Metsaranta, Juha, Michaletz, Sean T., Michelaki, Chrysanthi, Migalina, Svetlana, Milla, Ruben, Miller, Jesse E. D., Minden, Vanessa, Ming, Ray, Mokany, Karel, Moles, Angela T., Molnár V, Attila, Molofsky, Jane, Molz, Martin, Montgomery, Rebecca A., Monty, Arnaud, Moravcová, Lenka, Moreno-Martínez, Alvaro, Moretti, Marco, Mori, Akira S., Mori, Shigeta, Morris, Dave, Morrison, Jane, Mucina, Ladislav, Mueller, Sandra, Muir, Christopher D., Müller, Sandra Cristina, Munoz, François, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Myster, Randall W., Nagano, Masahiro, Naidu, Shawna, Narayanan, Ayyappan, Natesan, Balachandran, Negoita, Luka, Nelson, Andrew S., Neuschulz, Eike Lena, Ni, Jian, Niedrist, Georg, Nieto, Jhon, Niinemets, Ülo, Nolan, Rachael, Nottebrock, Henning, Nouvellon, Yann, Novakovskiy, Alexander, Network, The Nutrient, Nystuen, Kristin Odden, O'Grady, Anthony, O'Hara, Kevin, O'Reilly-Nugent, Andrew, Oakley, Simon, Oberhuber, Walter, Ohtsuka, Toshiyuki, Oliveira, Ricardo, Öllerer, Kinga, Olson, Mark E., Onipchenko, Vladimir, Onoda, Yusuke, Onstein, Renske E., Ordonez, Jenny C., Osada, Noriyuki, Ostonen, Ivika, Ottaviani, Gianluigi, Otto, Sarah, Overbeck, Gerhard E., Ozinga, Wim A., Pahl, Anna T., Paine, C. E. Timothy, Pakeman, Robin J., Papageorgiou, Aristotelis C., Parfionova, Evgeniya, Pärtel, Meelis, Patacca, Marco, Paula, Susana, Paule, Juraj, Pauli, Harald, Pausas, Juli G., Peco, Begoña, Penuelas, Josep, Perea, Antonio, Peri, Pablo Luis, Petisco-Souza, Ana Carolina, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petritan, Any Mary, Phillips, Oliver L., Pierce, Simon, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Pomogaybin, Alexandr, Poorter, Hendrik, Portsmuth, Angelika, Poschlod, Peter, Potvin, Catherine, Pounds, Devon, Powell, A. Shafer, Power, Sally A., Prinzing, Andreas, Puglielli, Giacomo, Pyšek, Petr, Raevel, Valerie, Rammig, Anja, Ransijn, Johannes, Ray, Courtenay A., Reich, Peter B., Reichstein, Markus, Reid, Douglas E. B., Réjou-Méchain, Maxime, de Dios, Victor Resco, Ribeiro, Sabina, Richardson, Sarah, Riibak, Kersti, Rillig, Matthias C., Riviera, Fiamma, Robert, Elisabeth M. R., Roberts, Scott, Robroek, Bjorn, Roddy, Adam, Rodrigues, Arthur Vinicius, Rogers, Alistair, Rollinson, Emily, Rolo, Victor, Römermann, Christine, Ronzhina, Dina, Roscher, Christiane, Rosell, Julieta A., Rosenfield, Milena Fermina, Rossi, Christian, Roy, David B., Royer-Tardif, Samuel, Rüger, Nadja, Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo, Rumpf, Sabine B., Rusch, Graciela M., Ryo, Masahiro, Sack, Lawren, Saldaña, Angela, Salgado-Negret, Beatriz, Salguero-Gomez, Roberto, Santa-Regina, Ignacio, Santacruz-García, Ana Carolina, Santos, Joaquim, Sardans, Jordi, Schamp, Brandon, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Schleuning, Matthias, Schmid, Bernhard, Schmidt, Marco, Schmitt, Sylvain, Schneider, Julio V., Schowanek, Simon D., Schrader, Julian, Schrodt, Franziska, Schuldt, Bernhard, Schurr, Frank, Selaya Garvizu, Galia, Semchenko, Marina, Seymour, Colleen, Sfair, Julia C., Sharpe, Joanne M., Sheppard, Christine S., Sheremetiev, Serge, Shiodera, Satomi, Shipley, Bill, Shovon, Tanvir Ahmed, Siebenkäs, Alrun, Sierra, Carlos, Silva, Vasco, Silva, Mateus, Sitzia, Tommaso, Sjöman, Henrik, Slot, Martijn, Smith, Nicholas G., Sodhi, Darwin, Soltis, Pamela, Soltis, Douglas, Somers, Ben, Sonnier, Grégory, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, Sosinski Jr, Enio Egon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Souza, Alexandre F., Spasojevic, Marko, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, Stan, Amanda B., Stegen, James, Steinbauer, Klaus, Stephan, Jörg G., Sterck, Frank, Stojanovic, Dejan B., Strydom, Tanya, Suarez, Maria Laura, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Svitková, Ivana, Svitok, Marek, Svoboda, Miroslav, Swaine, Emily, Swenson, Nathan, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Takagi, Kentaro, Tappeiner, Ulrike, Tarifa, Rubén, Tauugourdeau, Simon, Tavsanoglu, Cagatay, te Beest, Mariska, Tedersoo, Leho, Thiffault, Nelson, Thom, Dominik, Thomas, Evert, Thompson, Ken, Thornton, Peter E., Thuiller, Wilfried, Tichý, Lubomír, Tissue, David, Tjoelker, Mark G., Tng, David Yue Phin, Tobias, Joseph, Török, Péter, Tarin, Tonantzin, Torres-Ruiz, José M., Tóthmérész, Béla, Treurnicht, Martina, Trivellone, Valeria, Trolliet, Franck, Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Tsakalos, James L., Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Tysklind, Niklas, Umehara, Toru, Usoltsev, Vladimir, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew, Vaezi, Jamil, Valladares, Fernando, Vamosi, Jana, van Bodegom, Peter M., van Breugel, Michiel, Van Cleemput, Elisa, van de Weg, Martine, van der Merwe, Stephni, van der Plas, Fons, van der Sande, Masha T., van Kleunen, Mark, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Vanderwel, Mark, Vanselow, Kim André, Vårhammar, Angelica, Varone, Laura, Vasquez Valderrama, Maribel Yesenia, Vassilev, Kiril, Vellend, Mark, Veneklaas, Erik J., Verbeeck, Hans, Verheyen, Kris, Vibrans, Alexander, Vieira, Ima, Villacís, Jaime, Violle, Cyrille, Vivek, Pandi, Wagner, Katrin, Waldram, Matthew, Waldron, Anthony, Walker, Anthony P., Waller, Martyn, Walther, Gabriel, Wang, Han, Wang, Feng, Wang, Weiqi, Watkins, Harry, Watkins, James, Weber, Ulrich, Weedon, James T., Wei, Liping, Weigelt, Patrick, Weiher, Evan, Wells, Aidan W., Wellstein, Camilla, Wenk, Elizabeth, Westoby, Mark, Westwood, Alana, White, Philip John, Whitten, Mark, Williams, Mathew, Winkler, Daniel E., Winter, Klaus, Womack, Chevonne, Wright, Ian J., Wright, S. Joseph, Wright, Justin, Pinho, Bruno X., Ximenes, Fabiano, Yamada, Toshihiro, Yamaji, Keiko, Yanai, Ruth, Yankov, Nikolay, Yguel, Benjamin, Zanini, Kátia Janaina, Zanne, Amy E., Zelený, David, Zhao, Yun-Peng, Zheng, Jingming, Zheng, Ji, Ziemińska, Kasia, Zirbel, Chad R., Zizka, Georg, Zo-Bi, Irié Casimir, Zotz, Gerhard, and Wirth, Christian

Abstract

Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.

Published
2020

28. Community evolution increases plant productivity at low diversity

Author

van Moorsel, Sofia J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1947-8971, Hahl, Terhi, Wagg, Cameron, De Deyn, Gerlinde B, Flynn, Dan F B, Zuppinger-Dingley, Debra, Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214, van Moorsel, Sofia J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1947-8971, Hahl, Terhi, Wagg, Cameron, De Deyn, Gerlinde B, Flynn, Dan F B, Zuppinger-Dingley, Debra, and Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214

Abstract

Species extinctions from local communities negatively affect ecosystem functioning. Ecological mechanisms underlying these impacts are well studied, but the role of evolutionary processes is rarely assessed. Using a long‐term field experiment, we tested whether natural selection in plant communities increased biodiversity effects on productivity. We re‐assembled communities with 8‐year co‐selection history adjacent to communities with identical species composition but no history of co‐selection (‘naïve communities’). Monocultures, and in particular mixtures of two to four co‐selected species, were more productive than their corresponding naïve communities over 4 years in soils with or without co‐selected microbial communities. At the highest diversity level of eight plant species, no such differences were observed. Our findings suggest that plant community evolution can lead to rapid increases in ecosystem functioning at low diversity but may take longer at high diversity. This effect was not modified by treatments simulating co‐evolutionary processes between plants and soil organisms.

Published
2017

29. Selection in monoculture vs. mixture alters plant metabolic fingerprints

Author

Zuppinger-Dingley, Debra, Flynn, Dan F. B., Brandl, Helmut, Schmid, Bernhard, Zuppinger-Dingley, Debra, Flynn, Dan F. B., Brandl, Helmut, and Schmid, Bernhard

Abstract

Aims In grassland biodiversity experiments, positive biodiversity effects on primary productivity increase over time. Recent research has shown that differential selection in monoculture and mixed-species communities leads to the rapid emergence of monoculture and mixture types, adapted to their own biotic community. We used eight plant species selected for 8 years in such a biodiversity experiment to test if monoculture and mixture types differed in metabolic profiles using infrared spectroscopy. Methods Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to assess metabolic fingerprints of leaf samples of 10 individuals of each species from either monocultures or mixtures. The FTIR spectra were analyzed using multivariate procedures to assess (i) whether individuals within species could be correctly assigned to monoculture or mixture history based on the spectra alone and (ii) which parts of the spectra drive the group assignment, i.e. which metabolic groups were subject to differential selection in monocultures vs. mixtures. Important Findings Plant individuals within each of the eight species could be classified as either from monoculture or mixture selection history based on their FTIR spectra. Different metabolic groups were differentially selected in the different species; some of them may be related to defense of pathogens accumulating more strongly in monocultures than in mixtures. The rapid selection of the monoculture and mixture types within the eight study species could have been due to a sorting-out process based on large initial genetic or epigenetic variation within the species

Published
2017

30. Biodiversity as a multidimensional construct: Alternative SEM Models, Placement of Number of Taxa, and Correlations from Biodiversity as a multidimensional construct: a review, framework and case study of herbivory's impact on plant biodiversity

Author

S. Naeem, Case Prager, Weeks, Brian, Varga, Alex, Flynn, Dan F. B., Griffin, Kevin, Muscarella, Robert, Palmer, Matthew, Wood, Stephen, and Schuster, William

Subjects
Data_FILES
Abstract

This file contains additional information in support of the study.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. codyn : An r package of community dynamics metrics

Author

Hallett, Lauren M., primary, Jones, Sydney K., additional, MacDonald, A. Andrew M., additional, Jones, Matthew B., additional, Flynn, Dan F. B., additional, Ripplinger, Julie, additional, Slaughter, Peter, additional, Gries, Corinna, additional, and Collins, Scott L., additional

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Community evolution increases plant productivity at low diversity.

Author

van Moorsel, Sofia J., Hahl, Terhi, Wagg, Cameron, De Deyn, Gerlinde B., Flynn, Dan F. B., Zuppinger‐Dingley, Debra, and Schmid, Bernhard

Subjects
BIODIVERSITY, BIOLOGICAL extinction, NATURAL selection, BIOLOGICAL evolution, PLANT communities, ECOSYSTEM management, COEVOLUTION
Abstract

Species extinctions from local communities negatively affect ecosystem functioning. Ecological mechanisms underlying these impacts are well studied, but the role of evolutionary processes is rarely assessed. Using a long-term field experiment, we tested whether natural selection in plant communities increased biodiversity effects on productivity. We re-assembled communities with 8-year co-selection history adjacent to communities with identical species composition but no history of co-selection ('naïve communities'). Monocultures, and in particular mixtures of two to four co-selected species, were more productive than their corresponding naïve communities over 4 years in soils with or without co-selected microbial communities. At the highest diversity level of eight plant species, no such differences were observed. Our findings suggest that plant community evolution can lead to rapid increases in ecosystem functioning at low diversity but may take longer at high diversity. This effect was not modified by treatments simulating co-evolutionary processes between plants and soil organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Impacts of biodiversity loss escalate through time as redundancy fades

Author

Reich, Peter B, Tilman, David, Isbell, Forest, Mueller, Kevin, Hobbie, Sarah E, Flynn, Dan F B, Eisenhauer, Nico, University of Zurich, and Reich, Peter B

Subjects
10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, 1000 Multidisciplinary, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology)
Published
2012

37. Linking plant traits and herbivory in grassland biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research

Author

Flynn, Dan F. B.

Subjects
Ecology, FOS: Biological sciences, Botany, food and beverages, Biology
Abstract

Increased availability of data on morphological, physiological, and behavioral traits of species has improved understanding of the processes driving community assembly and the consequences of community disassembly for ecosystem functioning. In addition, there has also been a call for advancing the multitrophic view of biodiversity- ecosystem functioning. Here I propose a trait-based framework to merge plant-herbivore interactions with biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships. This framework links plant growth and defense strategies, herbivore feeding preferences, and primary production in terrestrial plant communities. I empirically tested these proposed linkages in laboratory and field experiments carried out in the understudied grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China. I found that a dominant generalist grasshopper Oedaleus asiaticus exhibits feeding preference for plants of high palatability when equally available, but in the field feeds on nearly any graminoid which is dominant. This behavior potentially allows subdominant plants to coexist, maintaining plant diversity. To link feeding behavior to consequences for plant communities, I carried out detailed measurements of plant morphological and physiological traits in the field and experimentally manipulated grasshopper feeding intensity. Using a novel analytical tool, I found that plant communities in these grasslands exhibit high niche overlap, regardless of intensity of herbivory by grasshoppers or sheep. This result indicates that environmental filtering structures these communities more than limiting similarity. Extending the use of traits beyond the study system in Inner Mongolia, I test the how both functional and phylogenetic diversity explain the biodiversity effect on grassland ecosystem functioning. The promise for merging tools from evolutionary biology and functional ecology is great, as these diversity metrics provide superior explanatory power in a meta-analysis of biodiversity experiments. Future work should be addressed at clarifying which functional traits are most strongly reflected in measures of phylogenetic diversity, including strategies of compensating for or avoiding herbivory.

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. codyn: Community Dynamics Metrics

Author

Hallett, Lauren, primary, Avolio, Meghan L., additional, Carroll, Ian T., additional, Jones, Sydney K., additional, MacDonald, A. Andrew M., additional, Flynn, Dan F. B., additional, Slaughter, Peter, additional, Ripplinger, Julie, additional, Collins, Scott L., additional, Gries, Corinna, additional, and Jones, Matthew B., additional

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Mixtures of genetically modified wheat lines outperform monocultures

Author

Zeller, Simon L, Kalinina, Olena, Flynn, Dan F B, Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214, Zeller, Simon L, Kalinina, Olena, Flynn, Dan F B, and Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214

Abstract

Biodiversity research shows that diverse plant communities are more stable and productive than monocultures. Similarly, populations in which genotypes with different pathogen resistance are mixed may have lower pathogen levels and thus higher productivity than genetically uniform populations. We used genetically modified (GM) wheat as a model system to test this prediction, because it allowed us to use genotypes that differed only in the trait pathogen resistance but were otherwise identical. We grew three such genotypes or lines in monocultures or two-line mixtures. Phenotypic measurements were taken at the level of individual plants and of entire plots (population level). We found that resistance to mildew increased with both GM richness (0, 1, or 2 Pm3 transgenes with different resistance specificities per plot) and GM concentration (0%, 50%, or 100% of all plants in a plot with a Pm3 transgene). Plots with two transgenes had 34.6% less mildew infection and as a consequence 7.3% higher seed yield than plots with one transgene. We conclude that combining genetic modification with mixed cropping techniques could be a promising approach to increase sustainability and productivity in agricultural systems, as the fitness cost of stacking transgenes within individuals may thus be avoided.

Published
2012

45. Testing the Link between Functional Diversity and Ecosystem Functioning in a Minnesota Grassland Experiment

Author

Clark, Christopher M, Flynn, Dan F B, Butterfield, Bradley J, Reich, Peter B, Clark, Christopher M, Flynn, Dan F B, Butterfield, Bradley J, and Reich, Peter B

Abstract

The functional diversity of a community can influence ecosystem functioning and reflects assembly processes. The large number of disparate metrics used to quantify functional diversity reflects the range of attributes underlying this concept, generally summarized as functional richness, functional evenness, and functional divergence. However, in practice, we know very little about which attributes drive which ecosystem functions, due to a lack of field-based tests. Here we test the association between eight leading functional diversity metrics (Rao’s Q, FD, FDis, FEve, FDiv, convex hull volume, and species and functional group richness) that emphasize different attributes of functional diversity, plus 11 extensions of these existing metrics that incorporate heterogeneous species abundances and trait variation. We assess the relationships among these metrics and compare their performances for predicting three key ecosystem functions (above- and belowground biomass and light capture) within a long-term grassland biodiversity experiment. Many metrics were highly correlated, although unique information was captured in FEve, FDiv, and dendrogram-based measures (FD) that were adjusted by abundance. FD adjusted by abundance outperformed all other metrics in predicting both above- and belowground biomass, although several others also performed well (e.g. Rao’s Q, FDis, FDiv). More generally, trait-based richness metrics and hybrid metrics incorporating multiple diversity attributes outperformed evenness metrics and single-attribute metrics, results that were not changed when combinations of metrics were explored. For light capture, species richness alone was the best predictor, suggesting that traits for canopy architecture would be necessary to improve predictions. Our study provides a comprehensive test linking different attributes of functional diversity with ecosystem function for a grassland system.

Published
2012

50. Assessing Nutritional Diversity of Cropping Systems in African Villages

Author

Remans, Roseline, primary, Flynn, Dan F. B., additional, DeClerck, Fabrice, additional, Diru, Willy, additional, Fanzo, Jessica, additional, Gaynor, Kaitlyn, additional, Lambrecht, Isabel, additional, Mudiope, Joseph, additional, Mutuo, Patrick K., additional, Nkhoma, Phelire, additional, Siriri, David, additional, Sullivan, Clare, additional, and Palm, Cheryl A., additional

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results