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2. The Many and the One

Author

Florio, Salvatore and Linnebo, Øystein

Subjects
plurals, plural logic, set theory, mereology, higher-order logic, absolute generality, modality, singularism, bic Book Industry Communication::C Language::CF linguistics::CFA Philosophy of language, bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy::HPL Philosophy: logic
Abstract

Plural logic has become a well-established subject, especially in philosophical logic. This book explores its broader significance for philosophy, logic, and linguistics. What can plural logic do for us? Are the bold claims made on its behalf correct? After introducing plural logic and its main applications, the book provides a systematic analysis of the relation between this logic and other theoretical frameworks such as set theory, mereology, higher-order logic, and modal logic. The applications of plural logic rely on two assumptions, namely that this logic is ontologically innocent and has great expressive power. These assumptions are shown to be problematic. The result is a more nuanced picture of plural logic’s applications than has been given so far. Questions about the correct logic of plurals play a central role in the last part of the book, where traditional plural logic is rejected in favor of a “critical” alternative. The most striking feature of this alternative is that there is no universal plurality. This leads to a novel approach to the relation between the many and the one. In particular, critical plural logic paves the way for an account of sets capable of solving the set-theoretic paradoxes.

Published
2021
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5. Antiviral Activity of Nitazoxanide and Miltefosine Against FeHV‐1 In Vitro.

Author

Longobardi, Consiglia, Ferrara, Gianmarco, Damiano, Sara, Florio, Salvatore, Iovane, Giuseppe, Pagnini, Ugo, Montagnaro, Serena, Ciarcia, Roberto, and Rabbani, Imtiaz

Subjects
PI3K/AKT pathway, ANTIVIRAL agents, MILTEFOSINE, WESTERN immunoblotting, VIRAL replication
Abstract

Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FeHV‐1) is a primary pathogen in cats responsible for respiratory and ocular signs. There are presently no antiviral drugs that are officially licensed for veterinary use in several countries. Consequently, veterinarians must depend on off‐label antivirals designed for human use. Recent advances in virus–host cell interaction have resulted in new insights into FeHV‐1 replication, establishing the importance of the PI3K/Akt axis. The aim of this study was to employ this new information to assess the efficacy of two compounds whose activities involve this pathway. The antiviral properties of miltefosine and nitazoxanide were examined using seven different concentrations, evaluating cell viability and viral titers after 24 h of infection. Furthermore, selected concentrations were supplied at different time points to investigate the influence of the timing of the addition. The best results were obtained when the drugs were added both before and after viral adsorption (in particular for nitazoxanide). Each compound was further investigated by real‐time PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Nitazoxanide was the most effective treatment, reducing the expression of viral glycoproteins as measured by western blot and immunofluorescence, as well as reducing the release of virions in the supernatant (measured by real‐time PCR). Moreover, treatment with nitazoxanide and miltefosine was associated with a decrease in Akt phosphorylation. This work emphasized the significance of comprehending the pathways necessary for viral replication and their use in the assessment of novel and effective antivirals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. Oxidative Status and Histological Evaluation of Wild Boars’ Tissues Positive for Zearalenone Contamination in the Campania Region, Southern Italy

Author

Damiano, Sara, primary, Longobardi, Consiglia, additional, Ferrara, Gianmarco, additional, Piscopo, Nadia, additional, Riccio, Lorenzo, additional, Russo, Valeria, additional, Meucci, Valentina, additional, De Marchi, Lucia, additional, Esposito, Luigi, additional, Florio, Salvatore, additional, and Ciarcia, Roberto, additional

Published
2023
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25. Zearalenone (ZEN) and Its Metabolite Levels in Tissues of Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) from Southern Italy: A Pilot Study

Author

Longobardi, Consiglia, primary, Damiano, Sara, additional, Ferrara, Gianmarco, additional, Montagnaro, Serena, additional, Meucci, Valentina, additional, Intorre, Luigi, additional, Bacci, Samanta, additional, Esposito, Luigi, additional, Piscopo, Nadia, additional, Rubino, Antonio, additional, Raffaele, Antonio, additional, Florio, Salvatore, additional, and Ciarcia, Roberto, additional

Published
2023
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33. The Semantics of Plurals: A Defense of Singularism

Author

Florio, Salvatore

Abstract

In this dissertation, I defend "semantic singularism", which is the view that syntactically plural terms, such as "they" or "Russell and Whitehead", are semantically singular. A semantically singular term is a term that denotes a single entity. Semantic singularism is to be distinguished from "syntactic singularism", according to which syntactically plural terms are not required in the regimentation of natural language into a formal language; rather, syntactically singular terms suffice for the task. The traditional semantic conception of plurals embraces syntactic singularism. In recent years, however, a number of theorists have argued against the traditional conception and in favor of both "syntactic pluralism" and "semantic pluralism". According to syntactic pluralism, syntactically plural terms are required in the regimentation of natural language. According to semantic pluralism, a syntactically plural term is semantically plural in that it denotes many entities at once. In light of the arguments against the traditional conception, I reject syntactic singularism but I argue that semantic singularism is a viable alternative to semantic pluralism. According to "object singularism", which is the standard formulation of semantic singularism, plural terms denote objects. As I argue in Chapter 1, the object-singularist can sidestep many objections in the literature but she faces a serious challenge, since she cannot accommodate the possibility of absolutely unrestricted quantification. In response to this potential difficulty, I propose a novel construal of semantic singularism, "property singularism", according to which a plural term denotes a property rather than an object. In Chapter 2, I argue that property singularism fares at least as well as the version of semantic pluralism that takes plural predicates, such as "being two" or "cooperate", to denote plural properties. In Chapter 3 and 4, I argue against two more versions of semantic pluralism, one that takes plural predicates to denote properties as objects and one that takes plural predicates to denote superpluralities. I conclude that, whether or not the possibility of absolutely unrestricted quantification is admitted, semantic singularism remains a satisfactory approach to plurals. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2010

34. Reproducibility of the 10-nm Solid Particle Number Methodology for Light-Duty Vehicles Exhaust Measurements

Author

Lähde, Tero, primary, Giechaskiel, Barouch, additional, Martini, Giorgio, additional, Woodburn, Joseph, additional, Bielaczyc, Piotr, additional, Schreiber, Daniel, additional, Huber, Mathias, additional, Dimopoulos Eggenschwiler, Panayotis, additional, Fittavolini, Corrado, additional, Florio, Salvatore, additional, Pellegrini, Leonardo, additional, Schuster, Norbert, additional, Kirchner, Ulf, additional, Yamada, Hiroyuki, additional, Momique, Jean-Claude, additional, Monier, Richard, additional, Lai, Yitu, additional, Murtonen, Timo, additional, Vanhanen, Joonas, additional, Mamakos, Athanasios, additional, Dardiotis, Christos, additional, Otsuki, Yoshinori, additional, and Spielvogel, Jürgen, additional

Published
2022
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42. A new recombinant MnSOD prevents the Cyclosporine A-induced renal impairment

Author

Damiano, Sara, Trepiccione, Francesco, Ciarcia, Roberto, Scanni, Roberto, Spagnuolo, Manuela, Manco, Leonida, Borrelli, Antonella, Capasso, Clemente, Mancini, Roberto, Schiattarella, Antonella, Iervolino, Anna, Zacchia, Enza, Bata-Csere, Andrea, Florio, Salvatore, Anastasio, Pietro, Pollastro, Rosamaria, Mancini, Aldo, and Capasso, Giovambattista

Published
2013
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43. Protective Effects of New Antioxidants in OTA-Treated Chicken Kidney

Author

Andretta, Emanuela, primary, Longobardi, Consiglia, additional, Laselva, Martina, additional, Lauritano, Chiara, additional, Avantaggiato, Giuseppina, additional, Schiavone, Achille, additional, Jarriyawattanachaikul, Watanya, additional, Florio, Salvatore, additional, Damiano, Sara, additional, and Ciarcia, Roberto, additional

Published
2020
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