Author: "Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)"' showing total 500 results

Start Over Author "Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)"

500 results on '"Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)"'

1. Piezomagnetism and magnetoelastic memory in uranium dioxide

Author: Nicholas M. Harrison, David A. Andersson, Tomasz Durakiewicz, Andrés Saúl, M. B. Salamon, Krzysztof Gofryk, Jason C. Lashley, Vivien Zapf, Marcelo Jaime, Christopher R. Stanek, James L. Smith, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (MPA-NHMFL), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), NSF-Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), and Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)-NSF
Subjects: Materials science, Magnetism, Science, Uranium dioxide, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Piezomagnetism, Article, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Physics::Chemical Physics, 010306 general physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Multidisciplinary, Zeeman effect, Magnetic structure, Condensed matter physics, Magnetostriction, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Magnetic field, Magnetic anisotropy, chemistry, symbols, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The thermal and magnetic properties of uranium dioxide, a prime nuclear fuel and thoroughly studied actinide material, remain a long standing puzzle, a result of strong coupling between magnetism and lattice vibrations. The magnetic state of this cubic material is characterized by a 3-k non-collinear antiferromagnetic structure and multidomain Jahn-Teller distortions, likely related to its anisotropic thermal properties. Here we show that single crystals of uranium dioxide subjected to strong magnetic fields along threefold axes in the magnetic state exhibit the abrupt appearance of positive linear magnetostriction, leading to a trigonal distortion. Upon reversal of the field the linear term also reverses sign, a hallmark of piezomagnetism. A switching phenomenon occurs at ±18 T, which persists during subsequent field reversals, demonstrating a robust magneto-elastic memory that makes uranium dioxide the hardest piezomagnet known. A model including a strong magnetic anisotropy, elastic, Zeeman, Heisenberg exchange, and magnetoelastic contributions to the total energy is proposed., The nuclear fuel uranium dioxide is of intrinsic interest due to its industrial applications but it also exhibits intriguing electronic and magnetic properties. Here, the authors demonstrate how its complex magnetic structure and interactions give rise to a strong piezomagnetic effect.
Published: 2017

2. On-field methodological approach to monitor the menstrual cycle and hormonal phases in elite female athletes

Author: Dupuit, Marine, Toussaint, Jean-François, Antero, Juliana, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut de recherche biomédicale et d’épidémiologie du sport (IRMES - URP_7329), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), ECSS, and INSEP
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

3. Prediction of homo- and hetero-protein complexes by protein docking and template-based modeling: a CASP-CAPRI experiment

Author: Eichiro Ichiishi, Dmitri Beglov, Bernard Maigret, Gyu Rie Lee, Artem B. Mamonov, Shoshana J. Wodak, Jonathan C. Fuller, Dima Kozakov, Jong Young Joung, Petr Popov, Xiaofeng Yu, Keehyoung Joo, João P. G. L. M. Rodrigues, Anna Vangone, Koen M. Visscher, Xiaoqin Zou, Paul A. Bates, Andriy Kryshtafovych, Shourya S. Roy Burman, Daisuke Kihara, Romina Oliva, Efrat Ben-Zeev, Jeffrey J. Gray, Yang Shen, Li C. Xue, Sameer Velankar, Emilie Neveu, Shruthi Viswanath, Dina Schneidman-Duhovny, Juan Esquivel-Rodríguez, Mieczyslaw Torchala, Amit Roy, Alexandre M. J. J. Bonvin, David R. Hall, Tanggis Bohnuud, Xusi Han, David W. Ritchie, Ron Elber, Daisuke Kuroda, Zhiwei Ma, Joan Segura, Carlos A. Del Carpio, Nicholas A. Marze, Jong Yun Kim, Andrej Sali, Petras J. Kundrotas, Ezgi Karaca, Neil J. Bruce, Chaok Seok, Panagiotis L. Kastritis, Shen You Huang, Ilya A. Vakser, Lim Heo, Sanbo Qin, Raphael A. G. Chaleil, Adrien S. J. Melquiond, Miguel Romero-Durana, Anisah W. Ghoorah, Surendra S. Negi, Andrey Tovchigrechko, Françoise Ochsenbein, Narcis Fernandez-Fuentes, Liming Qiu, Miriam Eisenstein, Mehdi Nellen, Marie-Dominique Devignes, Lenna X. Peterson, Jinchao Yu, Minkyung Baek, Brian G. Pierce, Hasup Lee, Toshiyuki Oda, Rebecca C. Wade, Raphael Guerois, Juan Fernández-Recio, Iain H. Moal, Edrisse Chermak, Sergei Grudinin, Sangwoo Park, Ivan Anishchenko, Chengfei Yan, Thom Vreven, Kentaro Tomii, Bing Xia, Hyung Rae Kim, Chiara Pallara, Jooyoung Lee, Kazunori D. Yamada, Xianjin Xu, Kenichiro Imai, Zhiping Weng, Luigi Cavallo, Tyler M. Borrman, Jianlin Cheng, Marc F. Lensink, Huan-Xiang Zhou, Jilong Li, Gydo C. P. van Zundert, Brian Jiménez-García, Tsukasa Nakamura, Scott E. Mottarella, Sandor Vajda, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire [Villeneuve d'Ascq] ( IRI ), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Genome Center [UC Davis], University of California at Davis, Research Support Computing [Columbia], University of Missouri-Columbia, Bioinformatics Consortium and Department of Computer Science [Columbia], Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California [San Francisco] ( UCSF ), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California [San Francisco] ( UCSF ) -California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, GN7 of the National Institute for Bioinformatics (INB) and Biocomputing Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences ( IBERS ), Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences [Austin] ( ICES ), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemistry, Algorithms for Modeling and Simulation of Nanosystems ( NANO-D ), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann ( LJK ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ), Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow] ( MIPT ), Seoul National University [Seoul], Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), Computational Algorithms for Protein Structures and Interactions ( CAPSID ), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Department of Complex Systems, Artificial Intelligence & Robotics ( LORIA - AIS ), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications ( LORIA ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications ( LORIA ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Mauritius, Biomolecular Modelling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, G-INCPM, Weizmann Institute of Science, Chemical Research Support [Rehovot], Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, The University of Texas Medical Branch ( UTMB ), Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology [Worcester], University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] ( UMASS ), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule ( I2BC ), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center [Columbia], Department of Computer Science [Columbia], Informatics Intitute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago [Chicago] ( TTIC ), Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, Purdue University [West Lafayette], Department of Computer Science [Purdue], Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute of Theoretical Studies, Center for Molecular Biology ( ZMBH ), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Interdisciplinary Center for Scientiﬁc Computing ( IWR ), Department of Molecular Biosciences [Lawrence], University of Kansas [Lawrence] ( KU ), Computational Biology Research Center ( CBRC ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology ( AIST ), Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion ( BSC - CNS ), Center for In-Silico Protein Science, Korea Institute for Advanced Study ( KIAS ), Center for Advanced Computation, Department of Biomedical Engineering [Boston], Boston University [Boston] ( BU ), Institute of Biological Diversity, International Pacific Institute of Indiana, Drosophila Genetic Resource Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital ( IUHW Hospital ), International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University ( JHU ), Program in Molecular Biophysics [Baltimore], King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ( KAUST ), University of Naples, J Craig Venter Institute, Structural Biology Research Center, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire [Villeneuve d'Ascq] (IRI), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Missouri [Columbia] (Mizzou), University of Missouri System, University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), Centro Nacional de Biotecnología [Madrid] (CNB-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences [Austin] (ICES), Algorithms for Modeling and Simulation of Nanosystems (NANO-D), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow] (MIPT), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Computational Algorithms for Protein Structures and Interactions (CAPSID), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Complex Systems, Artificial Intelligence & Robotics (LORIA - AIS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biomolecular Modelling Laboratory [London], The Francis Crick Institute [London], Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] (UMASS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assemblage moléculaire et intégrité du génome (AMIG), Département Biochimie, Biophysique et Biologie Structurale (B3S), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Missouri System-University of Missouri System, Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago [Chicago] (TTIC), Department of Biological Sciences [Lafayette IN], Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS ), Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Interdisciplinary Center for Scientiﬁc Computing (IWR), University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Computational Biology Research Center (CBRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Boston University [Boston] (BU), International University of Health and Welfare Hospital (IUHW Hospital), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, J. Craig Venter Institute, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology [Bruxelles], VIB [Belgium], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, University of California-University of California, University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), University of Naples Federico II, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, NMR Spectroscopy, and Sub NMR Spectroscopy
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical, Protein Folding, Computer science, International Cooperation, Amino Acid Motifs, Oligomer state, Homoprotein, DATA-BANK, computer.software_genre, Molecular Docking Simulation, Biochemistry, CAPRI Round 30, DESIGN, Structural Biology, ALIGN, Blind prediction, AFFINITY, Protein interaction, Enginyeria biomèdica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], ZDOCK, Oligomer State, computer.file_format, Articles, Protein structure prediction, Proteïnes--Investigació, 3. Good health, WEB SERVER, CASP, Thermodynamics, Data mining, CAPRI, Protein docking, Molecular Biology, Algorithms, INTERFACES, Protein Binding, [ INFO.INFO-MO ] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Bioinformatics, STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY, Computational biology, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, [ INFO.INFO-BI ] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Heteroprotein, Humans, Protein binding, Macromolecular docking, Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs, Homology modeling, ALGORITHM, Protein-protein docking, Internet, Binding Sites, Models, Statistical, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, Bacteria, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Computational Biology, Proteins, Protein Data Bank, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Protein Structure, Tertiary, 030104 developmental biology, Structural biology, Docking (molecular), Protein structure, Protein Conformation, beta-Strand, Protein Multimerization, oligomer state, blind prediction, protein interaction, protein docking, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], computer, Software
Abstract: We present the results for CAPRI Round 30, the first joint CASP-CAPRI experiment, which brought together experts from the protein structure prediction and protein–protein docking communities. The Round comprised 25 targets from amongst those submitted for the CASP11 prediction experiment of 2014. The targets included mostly homodimers, a few homotetramers, and two heterodimers, and comprised protein chains that could readily be modeled using templates from the Protein Data Bank. On average 24 CAPRI groups and 7 CASP groups submitted docking predictions for each target, and 12 CAPRI groups per target participated in the CAPRI scoring experiment. In total more than 9500 models were assessed against the 3D structures of the corresponding target complexes. Results show that the prediction of homodimer assemblies by homology modeling techniques and docking calculations is quite successful for targets featuring large enough subunit interfaces to represent stable associations. Targets with ambiguous or inaccurate oligomeric state assignments, often featuring crystal contact-sized interfaces, represented a confounding factor. For those, a much poorer prediction performance was achieved, while nonetheless often providing helpful clues on the correct oligomeric state of the protein. The prediction performance was very poor for genuine tetrameric targets, where the inaccuracy of the homology-built subunit models and the smaller pair-wise interfaces severely limited the ability to derive the correct assembly mode. Our analysis also shows that docking procedures tend to perform better than standard homology modeling techniques and that highly accurate models of the protein components are not always required to identify their association modes with acceptable accuracy. We are most grateful to the PDBe at the European Bioinformatics Institute in Hinxton, UK, for hosting the CAPRI website. Our deepest thanks go to all the structural biologists and to the following structural genomics initiatives: Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium, Joint Center for Structural Genomics, NatPro PSI:Biology, New York Structural Genomics Research Center, Midwest Center for Structural Genomics, Structural Genomics Consortium, for contributing the targets for this joint CASP-CAPRI experiment. MFL acknowledges support from the FRABio FR3688 Research Federation “Structural & Functional Biochemistry of Biomolecular Assemblies.”
Published: 2016

4. Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Diagnostically Challenging Lesions in Breast MRI: A Comparison between a Radiomics and a Feature-Selective Approach

Author: Marc B. I. Lobbes, Uwe Meyer-Bäse, Katja Pinker-Domenig, Anke Meyer-Baese, I. P. L. Houben, Guillaume Lemaitre, Bernhard Burgeth, Sebastian Hoffmann, Georg Wengert, Dept Computer Science, Florida State University, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Dept Radiol. Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht University [Maastricht], Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center [New York], Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Universität des Saarlandes [Saarbrücken], Dept Elect and Comp Engn, Florida State University, Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Sponsor(s):SPIE, Dai, L, Zheng, Y, Chu, H, MeyerBase, AD, Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Moments, Visual descriptors, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, 02 engineering and technology, Diagnostically challenging lesions, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0302 clinical medicine, Radiomics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [ SPI ] Engineering Sciences [physics], Medicine, Breast MRI, Computer vision, breast magnetic resonance imaging, morphological and kinetic features, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Lesion detection, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Enhancement, Magnetic resonance imaging, Cad system, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, classification, Computer-aided diagnosis, Feature (computer vision), radiomics, Tool, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, computer-aided diagnosis, Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract: International audience; Diagnostically challenging lesions pose a challenge both for the radiological reading and also for current CAD systems. They are not well-defined in both morphology (geometric shape) and kinetics (temporal enhancement) and pose a problem to lesion detection and classification. Their strong phenotypic differences can be visualized by MRI. Radiomics represents a novel approach to achieve a detailed quantification of the tumour phenotypes by analyzing a large number of image descriptors. In this paper, we apply a quantitative radiomics approach based on shape, texture and kinetics tumor features and evaluate it in comparison to a reduced-order feature approach in a computer-aided diagnosis system applied to diagnostically challenging lesions.
Published: 2016

5. Normalization of T2W-MRI Prostate Images using Rician a priori

Author: Joan C. Vilanova, Mojdeh Rastgoo, Guillaume Lemaitre, Fabrice Meriaudeau, Joan Massich, Anke Meyer-Baese, Robert Martí, Paul Walker, Jordi Freixenet, Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Visio per computador i robotica (VICOROB), Universitat de Girona (UdG), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Visio per computador i robotica ( VICOROB ), Universitat de Girona ( UdG ), Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), and Lemaitre, Guillaume
Subjects: Normalization (statistics), Computer science, Normalization (image processing), T2W-MRI, 02 engineering and technology, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Prostate, Rician fading, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, Computer vision, Segmentation, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, pre-processing, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Cancer, Magnetic resonance imaging, Image segmentation, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, normalization, Computer-aided diagnosis, A priori and a posteriori, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, computer-aided diagnosis, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; Prostate cancer is reported to be the second most frequently diagnosed cancer of men in the world. In practise, diagnosis can be affected by multiple factors which reduces the chance to detect the potential lesions. In the last decades, new imaging techniques mainly based on MRI are developed in conjunction with Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems to help radiologists for such diagnosis. CAD systems are usually designed as a sequential process consisting of four stages: pre-processing, segmentation, registration and classification. As a pre-processing, image normalization is a critical and important step of the chain in order to design a robust classifier and overcome the inter-patients intensity variations. However, little attention has been dedicated to the normalization of T2W-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) prostate images. In this paper, we propose two methods to normalize T2W-MRI prostate images: (i) based on a Rician a priori and (ii) based on a Square-Root Slope Function (SRSF) representation which does not make any assumption regarding the Probability Density Function (PDF) of the data. A comparison with the state-of-the-art methods is also provided. The normalization of the data is assessed by comparing the alignment of the patient PDFs in both qualitative and quantitative manners. In both evaluation, the normalization using Rician a priori outperforms the other state-of-the-art methods.
Published: 2016

6. Multiple equilibria and oscillatory modes in a mid-latitude ocean-forced atmospheric model

Author: Bruno Deremble, Eric Simonnet, Michael Ghil, Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Sophia-Antipolis ( INLN ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) ( LMD ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ), Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Los Angeles] ( AOS ), University of California at Los Angeles [Los Angeles] ( UCLA ), Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles] ( IGPP ), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (INLN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Los Angeles] (AOS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles] (IGPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and University of California-University of California
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field (physics), 010505 oceanography, lcsh:QC801-809, Front (oceanography), Atmospheric model, Mechanics, Forcing (mathematics), Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Instability, lcsh:QC1-999, Sea surface temperature, lcsh:Geophysics. Cosmic physics, 13. Climate action, Middle latitudes, Barotropic fluid, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Science, Geology, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, lcsh:Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Atmospheric response to a mid-latitude sea surface temperature (SST) front is studied, while emphasizing low-frequency modes induced by the presence of such a front. An idealized atmospheric quasi-geostrophic (QG) model is forced by the SST field of an idealized oceanic QG model. First, the equilibria of the oceanic model and the associated SST fronts are computed. Next, these equilibria are used to force the atmospheric model and compute its equilibria when varying the strength of the oceanic forcing. Low-frequency modes of atmospheric variability are identified and associated with successive Hopf bifurcations. The origin of these Hopf bifurcations is studied in detail, and connected to barotropic instability. Finally, a link is established between the model's time integrations and the previously obtained equilibria.
Published: 2012

7. Optical Flow with Theoretically Justified Warping Applied to Medical Imaging

Author: Meyer-Baese, Anke, Massich, Joan, Lemaître, Guillaume, Rastgoo, Mojdeh, Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Visio per computador I robotica ( VICOROB ), Universitat de Girona ( UdG ), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Research institute of Computer Vision and Robotics [Girona] (VICOROB), Universitat de Girona (UdG), and Lemaitre, Guillaume
Subjects: Medical Imaging, Motion Compensation, Optical Flow, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, MRI
Abstract: International audience; Motion induced artifacts represent a major obstacle in the correct malignant lesion detection in medical imaging especially in MRI. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the performance of a new non-rigid motion correction algorithm based on the optical flow method. The proposed algorithm specifically addresses three major problems in MRI: the induced gaps in 3D images, the constancy assumption of current optical flow algorithms and the existence of large non-linear movement. In this paper, we compare the performance of extracted kinetic features from the tumor regions under consideration of several 2-D or 3-D motion compensation parameters for the differential diagnosis of enhancing lesions in breast MRI. Based on several simulation results, we determined the optimal motion compensation parameters and showed that the proposed motion compensation algorithm can improve the correct lesion detection.
Published: 2015

8. An optimization approach to segment breast lesions in ultra-sound images using clinically validated visual cues

Author: Massich, Joan, Lemaître, Guillaume, Rastrgoo, Mojdeh, Meyer-Baese, Anke, Martí, Joan, Mériaudeau, Fabrice, Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Visio per computador I robotica ( VICOROB ), Universitat de Girona ( UdG ), Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Research institute of Computer Vision and Robotics [Girona] (VICOROB), Universitat de Girona (UdG), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), and Lemaitre, Guillaume
Subjects: ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, Breast Ultra-Sound, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Graph-Cuts, Machine-Learning based Segmentation, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, BI-RADS lexicon, Optimization based Segmentation, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; As long as breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths among female population world wide, developing tools to assist radiologists during the diagnosis process is necessary. However, most of the technologies developed in the imaging laboratories are rarely integrated in this assessing process, as they are based on information cues differing from those used by clinicians. In order to grant Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems with these information cues when performing non-aided diagnosis, better segmentation strategies are needed to automatically produce accurate delineations of the breast structures. This paper proposes a highly modular and flexible framework for segmenting breast tissues and lesions present in Breast Ultra-Sound (BUS) images. This framework relies on an optimization strategy and high-level de-scriptors designed analogously to the visual cues used by radiologists. The methodology is comprehensively compared to other sixteen published methodologies developed for segmenting lesions in BUS images. The proposed methodology achieves similar results than reported in the state-of-the-art.
Published: 2015

9. The Magnetic Genome of Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials

Author: Qing Hua Wang, Amilcar Bedoya-Pinto, Mark Blei, Avalon H. Dismukes, Assaf Hamo, Sarah Jenkins, Maciej Koperski, Yu Liu, Qi-Chao Sun, Evan J. Telford, Hyun Ho Kim, Mathias Augustin, Uri Vool, Jia-Xin Yin, Lu Hua Li, Alexey Falin, Cory R. Dean, Fèlix Casanova, Richard F. L. Evans, Mairbek Chshiev, Artem Mishchenko, Cedomir Petrovic, Rui He, Liuyan Zhao, Adam W. Tsen, Brian D. Gerardot, Mauro Brotons-Gisbert, Zurab Guguchia, Xavier Roy, Sefaattin Tongay, Ziwei Wang, M. Zahid Hasan, Joerg Wrachtrup, Amir Yacoby, Albert Fert, Stuart Parkin, Kostya S. Novoselov, Pengcheng Dai, Luis Balicas, Elton J. G. Santos, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València (UV), Columbia University [New York], Department of Physics [Harvard University], Harvard University, Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen], National University of Singapore (NUS), Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton, NY] (BNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), 1. Physikalisches Institut [Stuttgart], Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], Kumoh National Institute of Technology [Gumi], Kumoh National Institute of Technology [Gyeongsangbuk-do], Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, Department of Physics, Princeton University (DPPU), Princeton University, Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University [Burwood], Department of Physics, Columbia University, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), University of York [York, UK], SPINtronique et TEchnologie des Composants (SPINTEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), University of Manchester [Manchester], Texas Tech University [Lubbock] (TTU), Department of Physics, University of Michigan, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Institute for Quantum Computing [Waterloo] (IQC), University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Heriot-Watt University [Edinburgh] (HWU), Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy (LMU), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Rice University [Houston], Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC (SPAIN), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)-University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), and ANR-18-CE24-0007,MAGICVALLEY,Polarisation de vallée induite par couplage d'échange magnétique dans les matériaux 2D à grande échelle(2018)
Subjects: 2D magnetic materials, Magnetic Phenomena, neutron scattering, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Spintronics, Device engineering, Computing Methodologies, Magnetic imaging, atomistic spin dynamics, Topological properties, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], van der Waals, Heterostructures, Quantum Theory, General Materials Science, magneto-optical effect, Spin excitations, theory
Abstract: International audience; Magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials has recently emerged as one of the most promising areas in condensed matter research, with many exciting emerging properties and significant potential for applications ranging from topological magnonics to low-power spintronics, quantum computing, and optical communications. In the brief time after their discovery, 2D magnets have blossomed into a rich area for investigation, where fundamental concepts in magnetism are challenged by the behavior of spins that can develop at the single layer limit. However, much effort is still needed in multiple fronts before 2D magnets can be routinely used for practical implementations. In this comprehensive review, prominent authors with expertise in complementary fields of 2D magnetism (i.e., synthesis, device engineering, magneto-optics, imaging, transport, mechanics, spin excitations, and theory and simulations) have joined together to provide a genome of current knowledge and a guideline for future developments in 2D magnetic materials research.
Published: 2022

10. Impact of global ocean model resolution on sea-level variability with emphasis on interannual time scales

Author: Anne-Marie Tréguier, Bernard Barnier, Gurvan Madec, Gregory C. Smith, Laurent Brodeau, Jean-Marc Molines, Thierry Penduff, Mélanie Juza, Laboratoire des écoulements géophysiques et industriels ( LEGI ), Université de Grenoble-Alpes-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Oceanography, Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] ( NOC ), University of Southampton [Southampton], Laboratoire de physique des océans ( LPO ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques ( LOCEAN ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Écoulements Géophysiques et Industriels [Grenoble] (LEGI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Laboratoire de physique des océans (LPO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)
Subjects: lcsh:GE1-350, [ SDU.STU.OC ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010505 oceanography, Global ocean model, Emphasis (telecommunications), Resolution (electron density), lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Atmospheric forcing, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:G, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Environmental science, 14. Life underwater, Sea level, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Four global ocean/sea-ice simulations driven by the same realistic 47-year daily atmospheric forcing were performed by the DRAKKAR group at 2°, 1°, &frac12°, and ¼° resolutions. Simulated mean sea-surface heights (MSSH) and sea-level anomalies (SLA) are collocated over the period 1993–2004 onto the AVISO dataset. MSSH fields are compared with an inverse estimate. SLA datasets are filtered and compared over various time and space scales with AVISO regarding three characteristics: SLA standard deviations, spatial correlations between SLA variability maps, and temporal correlations between observed and simulated band-passed filtered local SLA timeseries. Beyond the 2°−1° transition whose benefits are moderate, further increases in resolution and associated changes in subgrid scale parameterizations simultaneously induce (i) strong increases in SLA standard deviations, (ii) strong improvements in the spatial distribution of SLA variability, and (iii) slight decreases in temporal correlations between observed and simulation SLA timeseries. These 3 effects are not only clear on mesoscale (14–180 days) and quasi-annual (5–18 months) fluctuations, but also on the slower (interannual), large-scale variability ultimately involved in ocean-atmosphere coupled processes. Most SLA characteristics are monotonically affected by successive resolution increases, but irregularly and with a strong dependance on frequency and latitude. Benefits of enhanced resolution are greatest in the 1°−½° and ½°−¼° transitions, in the 14–180 day range, and within eddy-active mid- and high-latitude regions. In the real ocean, most eddy-active areas are characterized by a strong SLA variability at all timescales considered here; this localized, broad-banded temporal variability is only captured at ¼° resolution.
Published: 2010

11. Satellite remote sensing of surface winds, waves, and currents: Where are we now?

Author: Danièle Hauser, Saleh Abdalla, Fabrice Ardhuin, Jean-Raymond Bidlot, Mark Bourassa, David Cotton, Christine Gommenginger, Hayley Evers-King, Harald Johnsen, John Knaff, Samantha Lavender, Alexis Mouche, Nicolas Reul, Charles Sampson, Edward C.C Steele, Ad Stoffelen, SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), National Oceanographic Centre Southampton (NOCS), European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), NORCE Norwegian Research Center, NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], and Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI)
Subjects: Ocean, surface current, Atmosphere, satellite, surface wind, Remote sensing, Surface waves, Surface current, ocean, surface waves, remote sensing, Geophysics, Satellite, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], atmosphere, Surface wind
Abstract: International audience; This review paper reports on the state-of-the-art concerning observations of surface winds, waves and currents from space and their use for scientific research and subsequent applications. The development of observations of sea state parameters from space dates back to the 1970s, with a significant increase in the number and diversity of space missions since the 1990s. Sensors used to monitor the sea-state parameters from space are mainly based on microwave techniques. They are either specifically designed to monitor surface parameters or are used for their abilities to provide opportunistic measurements complementary to their primary purpose. The principles on which is based the estimation of the sea surface parameters are first described, including the performance and limitations of each method. Numerous examples and references on the use of these observations for scientific and operational applications are then given. The richness and diversity of these applications are linked to the importance of knowledge of the sea state in many fields. Firstly, surface wind, waves and currents are significant factors influencing exchanges at the air/sea interface, impacting oceanic and atmospheric boundary layers, contributing to sea level rise at the coasts, and interacting with the sea-ice formation or destruction in the polar zones. Secondly, ocean surface currents combined with wind-and wave-induced drift contribute to the transport of heat, salt and pollutants. Waves and surface currents also impact sediment transport and erosion in coastal areas. For operational applications, observations of surface parameters are necessary on the one hand to constrain the numerical solutions of predictive models (numerical wave, oceanic or atmospheric models), and on the other hand to validate their results. In turn, these predictive models are used to guarantee safe, efficient and successful offshore operations, including the commercial shipping and energy sector, as well as tourism and coastal activities. Long time series of global sea-state observations are also becoming increasingly important to analyze the impact of climate change on our environment. All these aspects are recalled in the article, relating to both historical and contemporary activities in these fields. Article Highlights • The different techniques and satellite missions to monitor winds, waves and currents at the ocean surface from space are described • Sea-state observations from space are widely used in operational meteorology, as well as for research on ocean, atmosphere and climate processes • Sea-state observations from space are also actively used by the offshore industry, as well as in coastal zone management
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Phase diagram of twisted bilayer graphene at filling factor ν = ± 3

Author: Fang Xie, Jian Kang, B. Andrei Bernevig, Oskar Vafek, Nicolas Regnault, Department of Physics, Princeton University (DPPU), Princeton University, Rice University [Houston], ShanghaiTech University [Shanghai], Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC (SPAIN), Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)-University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Théorie de la Matière Condensée, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), European Project: 101017733 ,QuantERA II, European Project: 731473,QuantERA, and European Project: 101020833,SuperFlat
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Strongly Correlated Electrons [cond-mat.str-el]
Abstract: We study the correlated insulating phases of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) in the absence of lattice strain at integer filling $\nu=\pm3$. Using the self-consistent Hartree-Fock method on a particle-hole symmetric model and allowing translation symmetry breaking terms, we obtain the phase diagram with respect to the ratio of $AA$ interlayer hopping $(w_0)$ and $AB$ interlayer hopping $(w_1)$. When the interlayer hopping ratio is close to the chiral limit ($w_0/w_1 \lesssim 0.5$), a quantum anomalous Hall state with Chern number $\nu_c = \pm 1$ can be observed consistent with previous studies. Around the realistic value $w_0/w_1 \approx 0.8$, we find a spin and valley polarized, translation symmetry breaking, state with $C_{2z}T$ symmetry, a charge gap and a doubling of the moir\'e unit cell, dubbed the $C_{2z}T$ stripe phase. The real space total charge distribution of this $C_{2z}T$ stripe phase in the flat band limit does not have modulation between different moir\'e unit cells, although the charge density in each layer is modulated, and the translation symmetry is strongly broken. Other symmetries, including $C_{2z}$, $C_{2x}$ and particle-hole symmetry $P$, and the topology of the $C_{2z}T$ stripe phase are also discussed in detail. We observed braiding and annihilation of the Dirac nodes by continuously turning on the order parameter to its fully self-consistent value, and provide a detailed explanation of the mechanism for the charge gap opening despite preserving $C_{2z}T$ and valley $U(1)$ symmetries. In the transition region between the quantum anomalous Hall phase and the $C_{2z}T$ stripe phase, we find an additional competing state with comparable energy corresponding to a phase with a tripling of the moir\'e unit cell., Comment: 39 pages, 33 figures
Published: 2023

13. Magnetoelastic interactions in SrCu2(BO3)2 studied by Raman scattering experiments and first principles calculations

Author: Thirunavukkuarasu, K., Radtke, G., Lu, Z., Lazzeri, M., Christianen, P., Ballottin, M., Dabkowska, H., Gaulin, B., Smirnov, D., Jaime, M., Saúl, A., Department of Physics, Alabama A & M University, Huntsville, AL 35811, United States, Cosmochimie [IMPMC] (IMPMC_COSMO), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Radboud University [Nijmegen], McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics]
Abstract: International audience; Dynamic and static crystal lattice properties of SrCu2(BO3)2 are studied by means of Raman scattering, magnetostriction, and thermal expansion measurements in magnetic fields to 45 T. Raman experiments versus temperature reveal that some phonon modes show an unusual behavior, their frequencies soften (modes at 200 and 450 cm −1) while others harden (modes at 385 and 478 cm −1) when decreasing the temperature below 15 K. Magneto-Raman experiments show that their field dependence correlates with their respective temperature dependencies, e.g. modes that are hardened with increasing temperature also harden with applied magnetic fields and modes that become softer with temperature also soften with applied fields. We use density functional theory to successfully model and compute the energies of these modes, classifying them in two types: pantograph (modes that when decreasing the temperature) and non-pantograph. We conclude that the former involves the modification of the intra-dimer exchange interaction J and the latter the interdimer J ′. Finally, dilatometry is used to correlate field-dependent Raman modes to the closing of the spin gap as well as fractional-magnetization stripe states M = 1/4 Ms, and M = 1/3 Ms, where Ms is the saturation magnetization.
Published: 2023

14. Comparative study of manual identification of brain foldings in a living human brain using a proxy-endocast obtained from MRI

Author: Nicole Labra, Yann Leprince, Denis Rivière, Mathieu Santin, Jean François Mangin, Lou Albessard-Ball, Amélie Beaudet, Douglas Broadfield, Emiliano Bruner, Kristian J. Carlson, Zachary Cofran, Dean Falk, Emmanuel Gilissen, Aida Gómez-Robles, Simon Neubauer, Alannah Pearson, Carolin Röding, Yameng Zhang, Aurélien Mounier, Antoine Balzeau, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche en NeuroImagerie Applicative Clinique et Translationnelle (UNIACT), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Department of Anthropology [Tallahassee] (FSU | Anthro), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Department of Anthropology [George Washington University] (GW), The George Washington University (GW), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Subjects: Cultural Studies, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Anthropology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; The use of virtual endocasts allows investigation of the folding configurations of the cerebral cortex of extinct species. However, is that really possible? Our goal is to help answer this question by qualifying and quantifying the subjective identifications of the foldings on endocasts compared to their real configurations on the brain. We invited 14 paleoneurologists to manually reconstruct the foldings they could recognize in a proxy-endocast obtained from an in-vivo MRI. MRI data were obtained on a volunteer (female, 33 y/o) during a unique session with complementary sequences. The brain structures segmentation and the folding labelling were obtained with Morphologist with the T1. The MRI UTE sequence was used to segment the bone and create the proxy-endocast with the BrainVisa software. Paleoneurologists were asked to label the endocast. Their manual reconstructions were compared with the real sulci using the Dice index in conjunction with a similarity measure based on position and shape of the foldings. Results show that foldings located closer to the base of the skull are more accurately identified in location and shape than those located in the superior region of the brain, such as the Central Sulcus that was largely misidentified and positioned closer to the precentral region. Traces that appear to be foldings but are not were also identified. The nature of some of these traces remains unknown while in particular one misidentified trace corresponds to another type of structure: the parieto-occipital suture. We hope that the information presented in this work will help the palaeoanthropology community to be more careful with the identification of foldings that might be false or largely misidentified and to validate those that are generally well reconstructed, providing support and confidence in the subsequent studies that derive from them.
Published: 2023

15. Heat flow and thermal regime in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California: Estimates of conductive and advective heat transport

Author: Neumann, Florian, Negrete-Aranda, Raquel, Harris, Robert, Contreras, Juan, Galerne, Christophe, Peña-Salinas, Manet, Spelz, Ronald, Teske, Andreas, Lizarralde, Daniel, Höfig, Tobias, Aiello, Ivano, Ash, Janine, Bojanova, Diana, Buatier, Martine, Edgcomb, Virginia, Gontharet, Swanne, Heuer, Verena, Jiang, Shijun, Kars, Myriam A.C., Kim, Ji‐hoon, Koornneef, Louise M.T., Marsaglia, Kathleen, Meyer, Nicolette, Morono, Yuki, Pastor, Lucie, Pérez Cruz, Ligia, Ran, Lihua, Riboulleau, Armelle, Sarao, John, Schubert, Florian, Singh, S. Khogenkumar, Stock, Joann, Toffin, Laurent M.A.A., Xie, Wei, Yamanaka, Toshiro, Zhuang, Guangchao, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Education Superior de Ensenada [Mexico] (CICESE), College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Corvallis] (CEOAS), Oregon State University (OSU), Universität Bremen, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), International Ocean Discovery Program, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Cycles biogéochimiques marins : processus et perturbations (CYBIOM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Geological Sciences, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Laboratoire Environnement Profond (LEP), Etudes des Ecosystèmes Profonds (EEP), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: Guyamas Basin, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, IODP Expedition 385, Geology, Heat Flow, Heat Transfer
Abstract: Heat flow is estimated at eight sites drilled during the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 385 into the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. The expedition sought to understand the thermal regime of the basin and heat transfer between off-axis sills intruding the organic-rich sediments of the Guaymas Basin, and the basin floor. The distinct sedimentation rates, active tectonics, and magmatism makes the basin interesting for scientific discoveries. Results show sedimentation corrected heat flow values range 119-221 mW/m2 in the basin and 257-1003 mW/m2 at the site of a young sill intrusion, denominated Ringvent. Thermal analysis shows that heat in the Guaymas Basin is being dissipated by conduction for plate ages >0.2 Ma, whereas younger plate ages are in a state of transient cooling by both conduction and advection. Drilling sites show that Ringvent is an active sill being cooled down slowly by circulating fluids with discharge velocities 10–200 mm/yr. Possible recharge sites are located ~1 km away from the sill's border. Modeling of the heat output at Ringvent indicates a sill thickness of ~240 m. A simple order-of-magnitude model predicts that relatively small amounts of magma are needed to account for the elevated heat flow in non-volcanic, sediment-filled rifts like the central and northern Gulf of California in which heating of the upper crust is achieved via advection by sill emplacement and hydrothermal circulation. Multiple timescales of cooling control the crustal, chemical and biological evolution of the Guaymas Basin. Here we recognize at least four timescales: the time interval between intrusions (~103 yr), the thermal relaxation time of sills (~104 yr), the characteristic cooling time of the sediments (~105 yr), and the cooling of the entire crust at geologic timescales.
Published: 2023

16. Satellite remote sensing of surface winds, waves, and currents: where are we now?

Author: Hauser, Danièle, Abdalla, Saleh, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Bidlot, Jean-Raymond, Bourassa, Mark, Cotton, David, Gommenginger, Christine, Evers-King, Hayley, Johnsen, Harald, Knaff, John, Lavender, Samantha, Mouche, Alexis, Reul, Nicolas, Sampson, Charles, Steele, Edward, SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS), and Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)
Subjects: remote sensing, surface current, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], satellite, atmosphere, surface wind, ocean, surface waves
Abstract: International audience; This review paper reports on the state-of-the-art concerning observations of surface winds, waves and currents from space and their use for scientific research and subsequent applications. The development of observations of sea state parameters from space dates back to the 1970s, with a significant increase in the number and diversity of space missions since the 1990s. Sensors used to monitor the sea-state parameters from space are mainly based on microwave techniques. They are either specifically designed to monitor surface parameters or are used for their abilities to provide opportunistic measurements complementary to their primary purpose. The principles on which is based the estimation of the sea surface parameters are first described, including the performance and limitations of each method. Numerous examples and references on the use of these observations for scientific and operational applications are then given. The richness and diversity of these applications are linked to the importance of knowledge of the sea state in many fields. Firstly, surface wind, waves and currents are significant factors influencing exchanges at the air/sea interface, impacting oceanic and atmospheric boundary layers, contributing to sea level rise at the coasts, and interacting with the sea-ice formation or destruction in the polar zones. Secondly, ocean surface currents combined with wind-and wave-induced drift contribute to the transport of heat, salt and pollutants. Waves and surface currents also impact sediment transport and erosion in coastal areas. For operational applications, observations of surface parameters are necessary on the one hand to constrain the numerical solutions of predictive models (numerical wave, oceanic or atmospheric models), and on the other hand to validate their results. In turn, these predictive models are used to guarantee safe, efficient and successful offshore operations, including the commercial shipping and energy sector, as well as tourism and coastal activities. Long time series of global sea-state observations are also becoming increasingly important to analyze the impact of climate change on our environment. All these aspects are recalled in the article, relating to both historical and contemporary activities in these fields. Article Highlights • The different techniques and satellite missions to monitor winds, waves and currents at the ocean surface from space are described • Sea-state observations from space are widely used in operational meteorology, as well as for research on ocean, atmosphere and climate processes • Sea-state observations from space are also actively used by the offshore industry, as well as in coastal zone management
Published: 2023

17. The contribution of the Weddell Gyre to the global overturning circulation

Author: Jullion, Loïc, Naveira Garabato, Alberto C., Bacon, Sheldon, Meredith, Michael P., J. Brown, Peter, Torres-Valdés, Sinhue, Speer, Kevin, Holland, Paul, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., Hoppema, Mario, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre (NOC), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie ( MIO ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] ( NOC ), University of Southampton [Southampton], National Oceanographic Centre [Southampton] ( NOC ), British Antarctic Survey ( BAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), University of East Anglia [Norwich] ( UEA ), Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), Jullion, Loic, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere
Abstract: International audience; The horizontal and vertical circulation of the Weddell Gyre is diagnosed using a box inverse model constructed with recent hydrographic sections and including mobile sea ice and eddy transports. The gyre is found to convey 42 ± 8 Sv (1 Sv = 10 6 m 3 s −1) across the central Weddell Sea and to intensify to 54 ± 15 Sv further offshore. This circulation injects 36 ± 13 TW of heat from the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to the gyre, and exports 51 ± 23 mSv of freshwater, including 13 ± 1 mSv as sea ice to the mid-latitude Southern Ocean. The gyre's overturning circulation has an asymmetric double-cell structure, in which 13 ± 4 Sv of Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) and relatively light Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) are transformed into upper-ocean water masses by mid-gyre upwelling (at a rate of 2 ± 2 Sv) and into denser AABW by downwelling focussed at the western boundary (8 ± 2 Sv). The gyre circulation exhibits a substantial throughflow component, by which CDW and AABW enter the gyre from the Indian sector, undergo ventilation and densification within the gyre, and are exported to the South Atlantic across the gyre's northern rim. The relatively modest net production of AABW in the Weddell Gyre (6 ± 2 Sv) suggests that the gyre's prominence in the closure of the lower limb of global oceanic overturning stems largely from the recycling and equatorward export of Indian-sourced AABW.
Published: 2015

18. Lessons Learned from a Decade-Long Assessment of Asphaltenes by Ultrahigh-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Implications for Complex Mixture Analysis

Author: Brice Bouyssiere, Christopher L. Hendrickson, Taylor J. Glattke, Caroline Barrère-Mangote, Harvey W. Yarranton, Chad R. Weisbrod, Ryan P. Rodgers, Andrew Yen, Amy M. McKenna, Pierre Giusti, Alan G. Marshall, Murray R. Gray, Sydney F. Niles, Anika Neumann, Martha L. Chacón-Patiño, Donald F. Smith, Christopher P. Rüger, Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), University of Rostock, TOTAL Research & Technology Gonfreville (TRTG), TOTAL TRTG, and University of Calgary
Subjects: Precipitation (chemical), Aromatic compounds, General Chemical Engineering, Heteroatom, Spectrum analyzers, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, Mass spectrometry, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance, Hydrogen bonds, Gel permeation chromatography, 020401 chemical engineering, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Ion sources, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 0204 chemical engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Asphaltene, Decomposition, Chemistry, Intermolecular force, Aromaticity, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Characterization (materials science), [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Fuel Technology, Chemical physics, Mixtures, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Recent advances in instrumentation for high-field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) have enabled access to ∼70 »000 unique molecular formulas in broadband mass spectral characterization of unfractionated/whole asphaltenes. The results accumulated over a decade highlight the need for an asphaltene molecular model that acknowledges the coexistence of (1) monofunctional and polyfunctional species; (2) island and archipelago structural motifs; and (3) heteroatom-depleted/highly aromatic compounds, as well as atypical species with low aromaticity but increased heteroatom content. Collectively, results from FT-ICR MS, preparatory-scale separations (extrography/interfacial material), gel permeation chromatography, precipitation behavior in heptane:toluene, thermal decomposition, and aggregate microstructure by atomic force microscopy (among other techniques), suggest that the strong aggregation of asphaltenes results from the synergy between several intermolecular forces: π-stacking, hydrogen bonding, London forces, and acid/base interactions. This review presents general features of asphaltene molecular composition reported over the past five decades. We focus on mass spectrometry characterization and expose the reasons why early results supported the dominance of single-core motifs. Then, the discussion shifts to recent advances in instrumentation for high-field FT-ICR MS, which have enabled the detection of thousands of species in asphaltene samples, whose molecular composition and fragmentation behavior in ultrahigh vacuum agree with the coexistence of single-core and multicore structural motifs. Furthermore, evidence that highlights the limitations of commercially available/custom-built ion sources and selective ionization effects is presented. Consequently, the limitations require separations (e.g., chromatography, extrography) to gain more-comprehensive molecular-level insights into the composition of these complex organic mixtures. The final sections present evidence for the role of aggregation in selective ionization and suggest that advanced characterization by both thermal desorption/decomposition and liquid chromatography with online FT-ICR MS detection can be employed to mitigate the effects of aggregation and provide unique insights in molecular composition/structure.
Published: 2021

19. Crystal structures, frustrated magnetism, and chemical pressure in Sr-doped Ba$_3$ Ni Sb$_2$ O$_9$ perovskites

Author: Viaud, Mélanie, Guillot-Deudon, Catherine, Gautron, Eric, Caldes, Maria Teresa, Berlanda, Guido, Deniard, Philippe, Boullay, Philippe, Porcher, Florence, La, Carole, Darie, C., Zorko, A., Ozarowski, A., Bert, Fabrice, Mendels, Philippe, Payen, Christophe, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (Nantes Univ - EPUN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Matériaux, Rayonnements, Structure (NEEL - MRS), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Jozef Stefan Institute [Ljubljana] (IJS), Department of Physics [Ljubljana], University of Ljubljana, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Slovenian Research Agency under Program No. P1-0125 and Projects No. BIUS/22-24-065, No. J1-2461, and No. N1-0148., ANR-12-BS04-0021,SpinLiq,Liquides de spin frustrés(2012), and ANR-18-CE30-0022,LINK,Liquides de Spin Quantiques sur réseau Kagome(2018)
Subjects: [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [CHIM]Chemical Sciences
Abstract: International audience; The effects of chemical pressure on the structural and magnetic properties of the triple perovskite Ba3NiSb2O9 are investigated by substituting Sr2+ ions for Ba2+ ions. Two Ba(3-x)SrxNiSb(2)O(9) phases could be stabilized via a solid-state reaction at ambient pressure (AP) in air. The 6H with Sb2O9 pairs (x = 0) -> 6H with NiSbO9 pairs (x = 0.5) -> 3C (cubic with corner-sharing octahedral, x = 1.25) sequence of structural phases occurs with increasing Sr content, i.e., chemical pressure, which is like that previously reported for pure samples of Ba3NiSb2O9 obtained under increasing high physical pressure (HP). For the 6H Ba2.5Sr0.5NiSb2O9 (x = 0.5) phase, using combined Rietveld refinements of powder x-ray and neutron diffraction patterns, precession electron diffraction tomography data collected on thin crystals, aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy mapping, we reach the conclusion that the structure features corner-sharing SbO6 octahedra and NiSbO9 pairs of face-shared octahedra (or Ni-Sb dumbbells) with either a random orientation of the Ni-Sb dumbbells or nanosized chemical correlations for the dumbbell arrangement. As observed in HP Ba3NiSb2O9 produced through synthesis at 9 GPa, AP Ba1.75Sr1.25NiSb2O9 (x = 1.25) crystallizes in a 3C double perovskite A2BB'O6 cubic structure where A, B, and B' sites are occupied by (Ba + Sr), Sb, and (2/3Ni + 1/3Sb) atoms, respectively. The B' sites, which are randomly occupied by spin-1 Ni2+ and diamagnetic Sb5+, form a face-centered-cubic (FCC) sublattice where the Ni2+ amount stays above the site percolation threshold. Weiss temperatures (eta -65 and ti -213 K for Ba2.5Sr0.5NiSb2O9 and Ba1.75Sr1.25NiSb2O9, respectively) indicate that dominant magnetic interactions between Ni2+ spins are antiferromagnetic with magnitudes like those observed in the corresponding HP phases of pure Ba3NiSb2O9. As for the 6H HP Ba3NiSb2O9 compound, in 6H Ba2.5Sr0.5NiSb2O9, muon spin relaxation (mu SR) measurements identify a dynamic magnetic state down to the base temperature (95 mK), consistent with a previously published inelastic neutron scattering study. For 3C Ba1.75Sr1.25NiSb2O9, mu SR and 121Sb nuclear magnetic resonance measurements both indicate the presence of a transition to a static magnetic state below 11(1) K with a significant amount of disorder in this frozen state, in contrast to the spin-liquid state previously suggested for the 3C HP phase of Ba3NiSb2O9. Consistently, a broad maximum is observed in the specific heat at the same temperature. Building on the structural data, the magnetic properties of HP 6H Ba3NiSb2O9 and AP 6H Ba2.5Sr0.5NiSb2O9 are discussed in light of recent works on triangular and J(1) -J(2) honeycomb systems with or without quenched disorder.We are led to the conclusion that the driving force toward a spin-liquid-like state is quenched disorder which needs to be incorporated in J(1) -J(2) honeycomb models. Our evidence of a magnetic transition to a frozen magnetic ground state for the AP Sr-doped 3C phase is in line with models for geometrically frustrated FCC antiferromagnets. This calls for a better experimental and possibly theoretical understanding of the HP 3C phase.
Published: 2022

20. Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine

Author: William F. Swanson, Chris D. Holmes, William R. Simpson, Kaitlyn Confer, Louis Marelle, Jennie L. Thomas, Lyatt Jaeglé, Becky Alexander, Shuting Zhai, Qianjie Chen, Xuan Wang, Tomás Sherwen, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Fairbanks], University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Geophysical Institute [Fairbanks], Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science [Tallahassee] (FSU | EOAS), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Hong Kong] (CEE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), School of Energy and Environment [Hong Kong], City University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong] (CUHK), National Centre for Atmospheric Science [York] (NCAS), University of York [York, UK], and Department of Chemistry [York, UK]
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science
Abstract: Reactive halogens play a prominent role in the atmospheric chemistry of the Arctic during springtime. Field measurements and modeling studies suggest that halogens are emitted into the atmosphere from snowpack and reactions on wind-blown snow-sourced aerosols. The relative importance of snowpack and blowing snow sources is still debated, both at local scales and regionally throughout the Arctic. To understand the implications of these halogen sources on a pan-Arctic scale, we simulate Arctic reactive bromine chemistry in the atmospheric chemical transport model GEOS-Chem. Two mechanisms are included: (1) a blowing snow sea salt aerosol formation mechanism and (2) a snowpack mechanism assuming uniform molecular bromine production from all snow surfaces. We compare simulations including neither mechanism, each mechanism individually, and both mechanisms to examine conditions where one process may dominate or the mechanisms may interact. We compare the models using these mechanisms to observations of bromine monoxide (BrO) derived from multiple-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instruments on O-Buoy platforms on the sea ice and at a coastal site in Utqiaġvik, Alaska, during spring 2015. Model estimations of hourly and monthly average BrO are improved by assuming a constant yield of 0.1 % molecular bromine from all snowpack surfaces on ozone deposition. The blowing snow aerosol mechanism increases modeled BrO by providing more bromide-rich aerosol surface area for reactive bromine recycling. The snowpack mechanism led to increased model BrO across the Arctic Ocean with maximum production in coastal regions, whereas the blowing snow aerosol mechanism increases BrO in specific areas due to high surface wind speeds. Our uniform snowpack source has a greater impact on BrO mixing ratios than the blowing snow source. Model results best replicate several features of BrO observations during spring 2015 when using both mechanisms in conjunction, adding evidence that these mechanisms are both active during the Arctic spring. Extending our transport model throughout the entire year leads to predictions of enhanced fall BrO that are not supported by observations.
Published: 2022

21. Non‐local Eddy‐Mean Kinetic Energy Transfers in Submesoscale‐Permitting Ensemble Simulations

Author: Quentin Jamet, Stephanie Leroux, William K. Dewar, Thierry Penduff, Julien Le Sommer, Jean‐Marc Molines, Jonathan Gula, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Océan Dynamique Observations Analyse (ODYSSEY), Université de Bretagne Occidentale - UFR Sciences et Techniques (UBO UFR ST), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Ocean Next, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), and ANR-18-MPGA-0002,CONTACTS,Turbulence homogène de l'océan pour les simulateurs climatiques(2018)
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract: Understanding processes associated with eddy-mean flow interactions helps our interpretation of ocean energetics, and guides the development of parameterizations. Here, we focus on the non-local nature of Kinetic Energy (KE) transfers between mean and turbulent reservoirs. Transfers are interpreted as non-local when the energy extracted from the mean flow does not locally sustain an growth of energy in the turbulent flow, or vice versa. The novelty of our approach is to use ensemble statistics to define the mean and the turbulent flow. Based on KE budget considerations, we first rationalize the eddy-mean separation in the ensemble framework, and discuss the interpretation of a mean flow driven by the prescribed (surface and boundary) forcing and a turbulent flow u′ driven by non-linear dynamics sensitive to initial conditions. We then analyze 120-day long, 20-member ensemble simulations of the Western Mediterranean basin run at resolution. Our main contribution is to recognize the prominent contribution of the cross energy term to explain non-local energy transfers, which provides a strong constraint on the horizontal organization of eddy-mean flow KE transfers since the cross energy term vanishes identically for perturbations orthogonal to the mean flow . We also highlight the prominent contribution of vertical turbulent fluxes for energy transfers within the surface mixed layer. Analyzing the scale dependence of non-local energy transfers supports the local approximation usually made in the development of meso-scale, energy-aware parameterizations for non-eddying models, but points out to the necessity of accounting for non-local dynamics in the meso-to-submeso scale range. Key Points Ensemble-based eddy-mean decomposition of kinetic energy budget supports the view of an ocean turbulence driven by internal dynamics Turbulent fluxes of the cross energy term provide a potentially strong horizontal constraint on eddy-mean flow interactions Non-localities are leading order at small scales and should be accounted for in submesoscale parameterizations Plain Language Summary The ocean constantly exchanges energy between its mean and its turbulent reservoirs. However, we are still lacking a clear understanding of eddy-mean flow interactions, which limits our ability to represent them in numerical ocean simulations that require turbulent closures. In particular, it has been recently shown that instabilities of midlatitude jets do not necessarly sustain the growth of turbulent eddies locally. Instead, the energy released by the jet can be transported over significant distances to either sustain turbulence or to reinforce the jet. Here, we analyze model outputs of submesoscale-permitting (horizontal resolution of 1-2 km) ensemble simulations of the Western Mediterranean basin with the view of better understanding this non-local dynamics. Starting from 20 initial conditions perturbed by small, independant perturbations, we analyse the development of the ensemble spread during 120-days long simulations exposed to identical forcing. We investigate the spatio-temporal structure of eddy-mean flow interactions through their kinetic energy expression. Our main contribution is to highlight trubulent fluxes of the cross energy term as a driving mechanism to explain non-local dynamics, a process that need to be accounted for in the development of submesoscale parametrizations.
Published: 2022

22. The contribution of the Weddell Gyre to the lower limb of the global overturning circulation

Author: William J. Jenkins, Jun Dong, Paul R. Holland, Brice Loose, Alberto C. Naveira Garabato, Sinhue Torres-Valdes, Eberhard Fahrbach, Loïc Jullion, Mario Hoppema, Hugh J. Venables, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Peter J. Brown, Sheldon Bacon, Kevin Speer, Marie-José Messias, Michael P. Meredith, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nathional Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre (NOC), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), University of Rhode Island, University of Rhode Island (URI), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie ( MIO ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Southampton [Southampton], National Oceanographic Centre [Southampton] ( NOC ), British Antarctic Survey ( BAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), University of East Anglia [Norwich] ( UEA ), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] ( NOC ), Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution ( WHOI ), and Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung ( AWI )
Subjects: Weddell Sea Bottom Water, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010505 oceanography, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Antarctic Bottom Water, Shutdown of thermohaline circulation, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Ocean gyre, Downwelling, Climatology, Circumpolar deep water, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Upwelling, Thermohaline circulation, 14. Life underwater, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The horizontal and vertical circulation of the Weddell Gyre is diagnosed using a box inverse model constructed with recent hydrographic sections and including mobile sea ice and eddy transports. The gyre is found to convey 42 6 8 Sv (1 Sv 5 106 m3 s–1) across the central Weddell Sea and to intensify to 54 6 15 Sv further offshore. This circulation injects 36 6 13 TW of heat from the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to the gyre, and exports 51 6 23 mSv of freshwater, including 13 6 1 mSv as sea ice to the midlati- tude Southern Ocean. The gyre’s overturning circulation has an asymmetric double-cell structure, in which 13 6 4 Sv of Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) and relatively light Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) are trans- formed into upper-ocean water masses by midgyre upwelling (at a rate of 2 6 2 Sv) and into denser AABW by downwelling focussed at the western boundary (8 6 2 Sv). The gyre circulation exhibits a substantial throughflow component, by which CDW and AABW enter the gyre from the Indian sector, undergo ventila- tion and densification within the gyre, and are exported to the South Atlantic across the gyre’s northern rim. The relatively modest net production of AABW in the Weddell Gyre (6 6 2 Sv) suggests that the gyre’s prominence in the closure of the lower limb of global oceanic overturning stems largely from the recycling and equatorward export of Indian-sourced AABW.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Advances and Challenges in the Molecular Characterization of Petroporphyrins

Author: Marianny Y. Combariza, Pierre Giusti, Carlos Afonso, Germain Vallverdu, Martha L. Chacón-Patiño, Amy M. McKenna, Brice Bouyssiere, Quan Shi, Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), and Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)
Subjects: Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, FT-ICR MS, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Molecular evidence, petroporphyrins, 02 engineering and technology, Computational biology, geoporphyrins, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, asphaltenes, 01 natural sciences, Petroleum biomarkers, 0104 chemical sciences, Fuel Technology, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, vanadyl porphyrins, nickel porphyrins, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, mass spectrometry
Abstract: International audience; Petroporphyrins, geoporphyrins, or metalloporphyrins are the original petroleum biomarkers, identified by Alfred Treibs more than a century ago and the first molecular evidence for the biogenic origins of petroleum. Since discovery, analytical strategies have been developed to identify porphyrins in petroleum and its fractions. This review focuses on the advances enabled by ultrahigh resolving power Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry in tribute to Professor Alan G. Marshall.
Published: 2021

24. Early Ibāḍī Historiography: The Case of the Khawārij

Author: Baptiste, Enki, Gaiser, Adam, Centre Français d'Archéologie et de Sciences Sociales (CEFAS ), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire, Archéologie et Littératures des mondes chrétiens et musulmans médiévaux (CIHAM), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Emmy-Noether Programm, Hannah-Lena Hagemann, and European Project: SCORE
Subjects: Oman, Early Islam, Early Islamic Period, Ibadism, Arabian Peninsula, Historiography, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Early Islamic history, [SHS.RELIG]Humanities and Social Sciences/Religions
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

25. Structural brain alterations associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors in young people: results from 21 international studies from the ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours consortium

Author: van Velzen, Laura, Dauvermann, Maria, Colic, Lejla, Villa, Luca, Savage, Hannah, Toenders, Yara, Zhu, Alyssa, Bright, Joanna, Campos, Adrián, Salminen, Lauren, Ambrogi, Sonia, Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Banaj, Nerisa, Başgöze, Zeynep, Bauer, Jochen, Blair, Karina, Blair, Robert James, Brosch, Katharina, Cheng, Yuqi, Colle, Romain, Connolly, Colm, Corruble, Emmanuelle, Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Cullen, Kathryn, Dannlowski, Udo, Davey, Christopher, Dohm, Katharina, Fullerton, Janice, Gonul, Ali Saffet, Gotlib, Ian, Grotegerd, Dominik, Hahn, Tim, Harrison, Ben, He, Mengxin, Hickie, Ian, Ho, Tiffany, Iorfino, Frank, Jansen, Andreas, Jollant, Fabrice, Kircher, Tilo, Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie, Klug, Melissa, Leehr, Elisabeth, Lippard, Elizabeth, Mclaughlin, Katie, Meinert, Susanne, Miller, Adam Bryant, Mitchell, Philip, Mwangi, Benson, Nenadić, Igor, Ojha, Amar, Overs, Bronwyn, Pfarr, Julia-Katharina, Piras, Fabrizio, Ringwald, Kai, Roberts, Gloria, Romer, Georg, Sanches, Marsal, Sheridan, Margaret, Soares, Jair, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Stein, Frederike, Teresi, Giana, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Uyar-Demir, Aslihan, van der Wee, Nic, van der Werff, Steven, Vermeiren, Robert, Winter, Alexandra, Wu, Mon-Ju, Yang, Tony, Thompson, Paul, Rentería, Miguel, Jahanshad, Neda, Blumberg, Hilary, van Harmelen, Anne-Laura, Schmaal, Lianne, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, German Research Foundation, National Institutes of Health (US), European Commission, van Velzen, Laura S [0000-0002-6003-5227], Dauvermann, Maria R [0000-0002-2873-8512], Villa, Luca M [0000-0001-5091-6410], Toenders, Yara J [0000-0002-4117-1143], Campos, Adrián I [0000-0003-3468-8619], Ambrogi, Sonia [0000-0002-2897-358X], Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa [0000-0003-0570-5352], Başgöze, Zeynep [0000-0002-0306-4849], Bauer, Jochen [0000-0001-9345-2126], Brosch, Katharina [0000-0002-0526-8095], Connolly, Colm G [0000-0002-4051-3682], Cullen, Kathryn R [0000-0001-9631-3770], Dannlowski, Udo [0000-0001-7117-2908], Davey, Christopher G [0000-0003-1431-3852], Fullerton, Janice M [0000-0003-4014-4490], Gonul, Ali Saffet [0000-0003-3522-1359], Hahn, Tim [0000-0001-6541-3795], He, Mengxin [0000-0003-2714-3565], Hickie, Ian B [0000-0001-8832-9895], Ho, Tiffany C [0000-0002-4500-6364], Ojha, Amar [0000-0002-1038-0225], Overs, Bronwyn J [0000-0002-7138-5556], Piras, Fabrizio [0000-0003-3566-5494], Ringwald, Kai G [0000-0001-5886-6745], Sanches, Marsal [0000-0002-6993-6822], Soares, Jair C [0000-0002-5466-5628], Spalletta, Gianfranco [0000-0002-7432-4249], Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana [0000-0003-1458-3932], Uyar-Demir, Aslihan [0000-0002-0856-4260], Winter, Alexandra [0000-0003-3759-1425], Wu, Mon-Ju [0000-0002-0540-8027], Rentería, Miguel E [0000-0003-4626-7248], Blumberg, Hilary P [0000-0002-6363-4698], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Neurology, Developmental Neuroscience in Society, University of Melbourne, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), University of Southern California (USC), University of Queensland [Brisbane], Fondazione Santa Lucia [IRCCS], Clinical and Behavioral Neurology [IRCCS Santa Lucia], Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota System, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Boys Town National Research Hospital [Omaha], Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, Kunming Medical University (KMU), Université Paris-Saclay, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Algorithms, models and methods for images and signals of the human brain (ARAMIS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, University of New South Wales [Kensington], Ege University [Izmir], Stanford University, The University of Sydney, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Harvard University, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of Texas Health Science Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center [Pittsburgh, PA, États-Unis] (UPMC), Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla [Santander], Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Universiteit Leiden, University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), and Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles]
Subjects: Cortical Thickness, History, Adolescent, Volume, Mood Disorders, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Brain, Suicide, Attempted, Neuroimaging, Adolescents, Reliability, Suicidal Ideation, Sample, Regions, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental health, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Bipolar, Adults, Humans, Molecular Biology, Gray
Abstract: Funder: MQ Brighter Futures Award MQBFC/2 and the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health under Award Number R01MH117601. National Suicide Prevention Research Fund, managed by Suicide Prevention Australia, Funder: MQ Brighter Futures Award MQBFC/2. Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung, UKJ, Funder: Italian Ministry of Health grant RC17-18-19-20-21/A, Funder: Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the projects PI14/00639, PI14/00918 and PI17/01056 (Co-funded by European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund "Investing in your future") and Fundación Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (NCT0235832 and NCT02534363), Funder: National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH090421), the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, the University of Minnesota Graduate School, the Minnesota Medical Foundation, and the Biotechnology Research Center (P41 RR008079 to the Center for Magnetic Resonance Research), University of Minnesota, and the Deborah E. Powell Center for Women’s Health Seed Grant, University of Minnesota, Funder: Medical Leader Foundation of Yunnan Province (L2019011) and Famous Doctors Project of Yunnan Province Plan (YNWR-MY-2018-041), Funder: CJ Martin Fellowship (NHMRC app 1161356). “Investissements d’avenir” ANR-10-IAIHU-06, Funder: German Research Foundation (DFG, grant FOR2107-DA1151/5-1 and DA1151/5-2 to UD, and DFG grants HA7070/2-2, HA7070/3, HA7070/4 to TH), Funder: Australian National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) Project Grants 1024570 NHMRC Career Development Fellowships (1061757), Funder: Medical Faculty Münster, Innovative Medizinische Forschung (Grant IMF KO 1218 06), Funder: Australian National Medical and Health Research Council (Program Grant 1037196 and Investigator Grant 1177991 to PBM, Project Grant 1066177 to JMF), the Lansdowne Foundation, Good Talk and the Keith Pettigrew Family Bequest (PM) Janette Mary O’Neil Research Fellowship. IHG is supported in part by R37MH101495, Funder: Australian National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) Project Grants 1064643 (principal investigator, BJH) NHMRC Career Development Fellowships (1124472), Funder: National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH106805). Klingenstein Third Generation Foundation, the National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH117442), the Stanford Maternal Child Health Research Institute, and the Stanford Center for Cognitive and Neurobiological Imaging. TCH receives partial support from the Ray and Dagmar Dolby Family Fund, Funder: German Research Foundation (DFG, grant FOR2107-JA 1890/7-1 and JA 1890/7-2 to AJ, and DFG, grant FOR2107-KI588/14-1 and FOR2107-KI588/14-2 to TK), Funder: NIAAA (K01AA027573, R21AA027884) and the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, Funder: National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH103291), Funder: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) R21AT009173 and R61AT009864 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (CTSI), National Institutes of Health, through UCSF-CTSI UL1TR001872 American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP) SRG-1-141-18 UCSF Research Evaluation and Allocation Committee (REAC) and J. Jacobson Fund to TTY; by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R01MH085734 and the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (formerly NARSAD), Funder: MQ Brighter Futures Award MQBFC/2 R61MH111929RC1MH088366, R01MH070902, R01MH069747, American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, International Bipolar Foundation, Brain and Behavior Research Foundation, For the Love of Travis Foundation and Women’s Health Research at Yale, Funder: MQ Brighter Futures Award MQBFC/2 Social Safety and Resilience programme of Leiden University, Funder: MQ Brighter Futures Award MQBFC/2 National Institute of Mental Health under Award Number R01MH117601 NHMRC Career Development Fellowship (1140764), Identifying brain alterations associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in young people is critical to understanding their development and improving early intervention and prevention. The ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours (ENIGMA-STB) consortium analyzed neuroimaging data harmonized across sites to examine brain morphology associated with STBs in youth. We performed analyses in three separate stages, in samples ranging from most to least homogeneous in terms of suicide assessment instrument and mental disorder. First, in a sample of 577 young people with mood disorders, in which STBs were assessed with the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Second, in a sample of young people with mood disorders, in which STB were assessed using different instruments, MRI metrics were compared among healthy controls without STBs (HC; N = 519), clinical controls with a mood disorder but without STBs (CC; N = 246) and young people with current suicidal ideation (N = 223). In separate analyses, MRI metrics were compared among HCs (N = 253), CCs (N = 217), and suicide attempters (N = 64). Third, in a larger transdiagnostic sample with various assessment instruments (HC = 606; CC = 419; Ideation = 289; HC = 253; CC = 432; Attempt=91). In the homogeneous C-SSRS sample, surface area of the frontal pole was lower in young people with mood disorders and a history of actual suicide attempts (N = 163) than those without a lifetime suicide attempt (N = 323; FDR-p = 0.035, Cohen's d = 0.34). No associations with suicidal ideation were found. When examining more heterogeneous samples, we did not observe significant associations. Lower frontal pole surface area may represent a vulnerability for a (non-interrupted and non-aborted) suicide attempt; however, more research is needed to understand the nature of its relationship to suicide risk.
Published: 2022

26. Sustaining Rabi oscillations by using a phase-tunable image drive

Author: Seiji Miyashita, Sylvain Bertaina, Kristel Michielsen, Hervé Vezin, Irinel Chiorescu, Hans De Raedt, University of Groningen [Groningen], Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Department of Physics [Tokyo], Waseda University [Tokyo, Japan], Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Florida State University [Panama City], Université de Lille, CNRS, Jülich Supercomputing Centre [JSC], The University of Tokyo [UTokyo], Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement (LASIRE) - UMR 8516, Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence [IM2NP], National High Magnetic Field Laboratory [NHMFL], and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:530, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Strongly Correlated Electrons [cond-mat.str-el], Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Condensed Matter Physics, Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract: Abstract Recent electron spin resonance experiments on CaWO$$_4$$ 4 :Gd$$^{3+}$$ 3 + and other magnetic impurities have demonstrated that sustained Rabi oscillations can be created by driving a magnetic moment with a microwave field frequency slightly larger than the Larmor frequency and tuned to the Floquet resonance, together with another microwave field (image drive) with a frequency smaller than the Larmor frequency. These observations are confirmed by the new experimental results reported in this paper. We use numerical and analytical techniques to study the interplay between the microwave drives and three different mechanisms of relaxation. The first model describes a magnetic moment subject to microwave fields, interacting with a bath of two-level systems which acts as a source of decoherence and dissipation. The second model describes identical, interacting magnetic moments, subject to the same microwave fields. The decay of the Rabi oscillations is now due to the interactions. Third, we study Rabi oscillation decay due to the inhomogeneity of the microwave radiation. We show that under appropriate conditions, and in particular at the Floquet resonance, the magnetization exhibits sustained Rabi oscillations, in some cases with additional beatings. Although these two microscopic models separately describe the experimental data well, a simulation study that simultaneously accounts for both types of interactions is currently prohibitively costly. To gain further insight into the microscopic dynamics of these two different models, we study the time dependence of the bath and system energy and of the correlations of the spins, data that are not readily accessible experimentally. Graphic abstract
Published: 2022

27. Methane line parameters in the HITRAN2012 database

Author: Laurence S. Rothman, O.M. Lyulin, L. Wang, Hiroyuki Sasada, Ch. Wenger, Tony Gabard, James J. O'Brien, Michael Rey, Alain Campargue, Samir Kassi, Keeyoon Sung, Iouli E. Gordon, Arlan W. Mantz, L. Régalia, Ludovic Daumont, Vincent Boudon, Linda R. Brown, Tucker Carrington, Sigurd Bauerecker, O. Leshchishina, Sieghard Albert, Athena Coustenis, Andrei Nikitin, D. C. Benner, V. M. Devi, X. Thomas, Mary Ann H. Smith, Xiao-Gang Wang, P. T. Spickler, Vl.G. Tyuterev, Didier Mondelain, Martin Quack, Hans-Martin Niederer, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Physics, The College of William and Mary, College of William and Mary [Williamsburg] (WM), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères] (LIPhy), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de spectrométrie moléculaire et atmosphérique (GSMA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie (ETH-LPC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, University of Missouri [Columbia] (Mizzou), University of Missouri System-University of Missouri System, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LRC Science Directorate, NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Chemistry Department, Queen's University, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Department of Physics, Astronomy and Geophysics [New London], Connecticut College, Department of Physics, Bridgewater College, Bridgewater College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Laboratoire de Spectronomie Moléculaire ( SMIL ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), LIPhy-LAME, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères] ( LIPhy ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Center for Condensed Matter Sciences Taipei, National Taiwan University [Taiwan] ( NTU ), Groupe de spectrométrie moléculaire et atmosphérique - UMR 7331 ( GSMA ), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie ( ETH-LPC ), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule [Zürich] ( ETH Zürich ), Mesoscale Air-Sea Interaction Group, Florida State University [Tallahassee] ( FSU ), Atomic and Molecular Physics Division ( AMPD ), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Laboratoire de Spectronomie Moléculaire (SMIL), Université de Bourgogne (UB), LAsers, Molécules et Environnement (LAME-LIPhy), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Atomic and Molecular Physics Division [Cambridge] (AMP), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ) -NASA, The College of William and Mary, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ( CfA ), Keio University, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), Queen's University [Kingston], and Department of Physics, Astronomy and Geophysics, Connecticut College
Subjects: Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Planets, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Methane, Cavity ring-down spectroscopy, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Line parameters, 0103 physical sciences, Isotopologue, Spectroscopy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Line (formation), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Radiation, Database, Differential optical absorption spectroscopy, Exoplanets, Remote sensing, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, chemistry, HITRAN database, Atomic physics, Ground state, computer, Microwave
Abstract: International audience; The compilation of methane molecular line parameters was updated to include new global analyses and measurements for 12CH4, 13CH4 and 12CH3D. Over 70% of the methane parameters in HITRAN2008 were replaced; existing parameters retained were the microwave lines and the Dyad of 13CH4 near 7 μm and ν6 of 13CH3D near 8.7 μm, 12CH3D (7-4076 cm-1), hot bands of 12CH4 (1887-3370 cm-1) and normal sample CH4 (4800-5550 cm-1 and 8000-9200 cm-1). With a minimum intensity at 296 K in units of cm-1/(molecule cm-2) set to 10-37 for the far-IR and 10-29 for the mid- and near-IR, the methane database increased from 290,091 lines in HITRAN2008 to 468,013 lines, and three-fourths of these involved the main isotopologue. For 12CH4 and 13CH4, bands from the ground state were revised up to 4800 cm-1. For the first time, 13CH4 and 12CH3D line parameters near 2.3 μm were included. Above 5550 cm-1, the new compilation was based on empirical measurements. Prior laboratory results were replaced with extensive new measurements using FTIR (5550-5852 cm-1), differential absorption spectroscopy (DAS) and Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) (5852-7912 cm-1). Ground state J values for nearly half of the measured lines in this range were obtained, either by confirming quantum assignments of analyses or by using spectra at 80 and 296 K. Finally, over 11,000 measured positions, intensities and empirical lower state energies (obtained using cold CH4) were also added for the first time between 10,923 and 11,502 cm-1. Available pressure broadening measurements from HITRAN2008 were transferred into the new compilation, but 99% of the lines were given crudely-estimated coefficients. New measured intensities and broadening coefficients were included for far-IR transitions, and high accuracy line positions were inserted for the stronger P, Q and R branch transitions of v3 at 3.3 μm and 2v3 at 1.66 μm.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Morphological changes in the corpus callosum: a study using joint Riemannian feature spaces

Author: Christian Barillot, Meenakshi Mani, Anuj Srivastava, Vision, Action et Gestion d'informations en Santé (VisAGeS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dept. of Statistics, Tallahassee, FL, Department of Statistics [Tallahassee, FL], Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)-Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Ourselin, Sebastien and Haynor, David R., Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Barillot, Christian, and Ourselin, Sebastien and Haynor, David R.
Subjects: [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Computer science, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, shape analysis, Pattern recognition, Riemannian metrics, multiple sclerosis, medicine.disease, Corpus callosum, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, DTI, medicine, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Shape analysis (digital geometry)
Abstract: 6 pages; International audience; Shape, scale, orientation and position, the physical features associated with white matter DTI tracts, can either individually or in combination be used to de ne feature spaces. Recent work by Mani et al.1 describes a Riemannian framework in which these joint feature spaces are considered. In this paper, we use the tools and metrics de ned within this mathematical framework to study morphological changes due to disease progression. We look at sections of the anterior corpus callosum, which describes a deep arc along the mid-sagittal plane, and show how multiple sclerosis and normal control populations have di erent joint shape-orientation signatures.
Published: 2013

29. Magma-sediment mingling processes, control and longevity of related hydrothermal systems – Implications for the Earth’s Carbon-, Plate-, Life-Cycles (IODP Exp 385, Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California)

Author: Galerne, Christophe, Bach, Wolfgang, Berndt, Christian, Schwark, Lorenz, Höfig, Tobias, Buatier, Martine, Cheviet, Alban, Kahl, Wolf-Achim, Hasenclever, Jörg, Lizarralde, Daniel, Stockhausen, Martin, Wiggers, Christin, Karstens, Jens, Monien, Patrick, Teske, Andreas, Aiello, Ivano W., Ash, Jeanine L., Bojanova, Diana P., Edgcomb, Virginia P., Gontharet, Swanne, Heuer, Verena B., Jiang, Shijun, Kars, Myriam A.C., Singh, S. Khogenkumar, Kim, Ji-Hoon, Koornneef, Louise M.T., Marsaglia, Kathleen M., Meyer, Nicolette R., Morono, Yuki, Negrete-Aranda, Raquel, Neumann, Florian, Pastor, Lucie C., Pena-Salinas, Manet E., Cruz, Ligia L. Perez, Ran, Lihua, Riboulleau, Armelle, Sarao, John A., Schubert, Florian, Stock, Joann M., Toffin, Laurent M.A.A., Xie, Wei, Yamanaka, Toshiro, Zhuang, Guangchao, Ortega, Rodrigo Perez, Geoscience Department and MARUM, University of Bremen, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Institute of Geosciences [Kiel], Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), International Ocean Discovery Program, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of Bremen, University of Hamburg, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Cycles biogéochimiques marins : processus et perturbations (CYBIOM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Geological Sciences, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Kyung Hee University (KHU), Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, and Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Magma-sediment mingling occurring in shallow porous sediments is mainly investigated through field observations of old exhumed rift basins. During the IODP Expedition 385 we have drilled through the shallow sills emplaced in the active rift of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. The results of this expedition enable a pioneer study of the impact of recent magma-sediment mingling processes leading to peperite formation. Furthermore, it provides a present-day geological context to investigate and quantify the impact of this mingling process on the element cycles in subsurface sediments, and temporal evolution of the microbial habitat associated with epithermal hydrothermal fluid circulation. Our approach of exploring magma-sediment mingling processes includes laboratory experiments, numerical modelling, and identification of specific field analogues in addition to petrological and geochemical constraints.Using these modern techniques, we review here the discoveries made during the IODP Expedition 385 and present preliminary results from our post-cruise research from the perspective of the peperite formation. We report here petrographic and geochemical evidence of magma sediment hybridization indicative of an intense mingling process inferred to occur during the emplacement phase. The rheology of the soft, unconsolidated sediment controls and explains the various intrusion shapes and dimensions. Numerical simulation results indicate that heat dissipation in this context is much less efficient, which in turn considerably decreases the amount of thermogenic gas mobilized through thermal cracking in the contact aureole of sills. Additionally, we observe that hydrothermal pipe systems established during the cooling phase of sill emplacement can remain active at moderate- to low-temperature state after the heat of the sill has vanished. Using 2D seismic information and IODP drilling results, we were able to reconstruct the 3D structure of the sill at depth. It is funnel-shaped and roots in a depth where geothermal fluids can ascend from. The temperature found at these depths is consistent with the background geothermal gradient, suggesting that the large heat flow anomaly found at Hole U1548C is the mere expression of the active hydrothermal circulation fuelled by deeply sourced geothermal fluids.These potentially long-lasting hydrothermal systems provide preferable temperature and energetic conditions for microbial activity to thrive, with mildly degraded petroleum components from below and water recharge from above. Moreover, evidence indicates that the sill at Site U1547 is non-unique at the scale of the Guaymas Basin. How many of these catabolic reactors form at the early rifting phase? Can this process perhaps trigger peaks in subsurface biomass production associated with new continental margin formation? Our research heralds the dawn of a new paradigm. We suggest that in the context of a nascent ocean, sill emplacement in the first 500 m of sediments may power life instead of suppressing it.
Published: 2022

30. A comprehensive riemannian framework for the analysis of white matter fiber tracts

Author: Meena Mani, Sebastian Kurtek, Anuj Srivastava, Christian Barillot, Vision, Action et Gestion d'informations en Santé (VisAGeS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dept. of Stat., Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL, USA, Department of Statistics [Tallahassee, FL], Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)-Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Dept. of Statistics, Tallahassee, FL, Meena Mani was supported in part by an Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) grant., IEEE, Barillot, Christian, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Geodesic, Scale (ratio), [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Neurosurgery, Diseases, Context (language use), Topology, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Magnetic resonance imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Labeling, Position (vector), [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Cluster analysis, Tensile stress, Mathematics, [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Information analysis, Orientation (computer vision), business.industry, Shape, Pattern recognition, Image segmentation, [STAT.ML] Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Diffusion tensor imaging, Statistical analysis, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Extraterrestrial measurements, Artificial intelligence, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diffusion MRI
Abstract: International audience; A quantitative analysis of white matter fibers is based on different physical features (shape, scale, orientation and position) of the fibers, depending on the specific application. Due to the different properties of these features, one usually designs different metrics and spaces to treat them individually. We propose a comprehensive Riemannian framework that allows for a joint analysis of these features in a consistent manner. For each feature combination, we provide a formula for the distance, i.e. quantification of differences between fibers and a formula for geodesics, i.e. optimal deformations of fibers into each other. We illustrate this framework in the context of clustering fiber tracts from the corpus callosum and study the results from different combinations of features.
Published: 2010

31. Improved resolution for spin-3/2 isotopes in solids via the indirect NMR detection of triple-quantum coherences using the T-HMQC sequence

Author: Racha Bayzou, Julien Trébosc, Ivan Hung, Zhehong Gan, Andrew Rankin, Olivier Lafon, Jean-Paul Amoureux, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 (UCCS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), UCCS Équipe RMN et matériaux inorganiques, Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-18-CE08-0015,ThinGlass,Amélioration raisonnée de la conductivité des films minces de LiPON en élucidant leur structure à l'échelle atomique(2018)
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Radiation, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Isotopes, General Chemistry, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, Protons, Instrumentation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract: International audience; The indirect NMR detection of quadrupolar nuclei in solids under magic-angle spinning (MAS) is possible with the through-space HMQC (heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence) scheme incorporating the TRAPDOR (transfer of population in double-resonance) dipolar recoupling. This sequence, called T-HMQC, exhibits limited t1-noise. In this contribution, with the help of numerical simulations of spin dynamics, we show that most of the time, the fastest coherence transfer in the T-HMQC scheme is achieved when TRAPDOR recoupling employs the highest radiofrequency (rf) field compatible with the probe specifications. We also demonstrate how the indirect detection of the triple-quantum (3Q) coherences of spin-3/2 quadrupolar nuclei in solids improves the spectral resolution for these isotopes. The sequence is then called T-HMQC3. We demonstrate the gain in resolution provided by this sequence for the indirect proton detection of 35Cl nuclei in l-histidine∙HCl and l-cysteine∙HCl, as well as that of 23Na isotope in NaH2PO4. These experiments indicate that the gain in resolution depends on the relative values of the chemical and quadrupolar-induced shifts (QIS) for the different spin-3/2 species. In the case of NaH2PO4, we show that the transfer efficiency of the T-HMQC3 sequence employing an rf-field of 80 kHz with a MAS frequency of 62.5 kHz reaches 75% of that of the t1-noise eliminated (TONE) dipolar-mediated HMQC (D-HMQC) scheme.
Published: 2022

32. An Ensemble‐Based Eddy and Spectral Analysis, With Application to the Gulf Stream

Author: William Dewar, Takaya Uchida, Andrew Poje, Quentin Jamet, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Mathematics. College of Staten Island, City University of New York [New York] (CUNY), Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, USA, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and ANR-18-MPGA-0002,CONTACTS,Turbulence homogène de l'océan pour les simulateurs climatiques(2018)
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

33. First demonstration of tuning between the Kitaev and Ising limits in a honeycomb lattice

Author: Faranak Bahrami, Xiaodong Hu, Yonghua Du, Oleg I. Lebedev, Chennan Wang, Hubertus Luetkens, Gilberto Fabbris, Michael J. Graf, Daniel Haskel, Ying Ran, Fazel Tafti, Boston College (BC), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton, NY] (BNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), and International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Multidisciplinary, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences
Abstract: Recent observations of novel spin-orbit coupled states have generated tremendous interest in $4d/5d$ transition metal systems. A prime example is the $J_{\text{eff}}=\frac{1}{2}$ state in iridate materials and $\alpha$-RuCl$_{3}$ that drives Kitaev interactions. Here, by tuning the competition between spin-orbit interaction ($\lambda_{\text{SOC}}$) and trigonal crystal field splitting ($\Delta_\text{T}$), we restructure the spin-orbital wave functions into a novel $\mu=\frac{1}{2}$ state that drives Ising interactions. This is done via a topochemical reaction that converts Li$_{2}$RhO$_{3}$ to Ag$_{3}$LiRh$_{2}$O$_{6}$, leading to an enhanced trigonal distortion and a diminished spin-orbit coupling in the latter compound. Using perturbation theory, we present an explicit expression for the new $\mu=\frac{1}{2}$ state in the limit $\Delta_\text{T}\gg \lambda_{\text{SOC}}$ realized in Ag$_{3}$LiRh$_{2}$O$_{6}$, different from the conventional $J_\text{eff}=\frac{1}{2}$ state in the limit $\lambda_{\text{SOC}}\gg \Delta_\text{T}$ realized in Li$_{2}$RhO$_{3}$. The change of ground state is followed by a dramatic change of magnetism from a 6 K spin-glass in Li$_{2}$RhO$_{3}$ to a 94 K antiferromagnet in Ag$_{3}$LiRh$_{2}$O$_{6}$. These results open a pathway for tuning materials between the two limits and creating a rich magnetic phase diagram., Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2022

34. Quantitative uncertainty estimation in biophysical models of fish larval connectivity in the Florida Keys

Author: Romain Chaput, Pierre Sochala, Philippe Miron, Vassiliki H Kourafalou, Mohamed Iskandarani, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami [Coral Gables], School of Biological Sciences [Wellington, New Zealand], Victoria University of Wellington, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Laboratoire de Détection et de Géophysique (CEA) (LDG), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS), and Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)
Subjects: fish larvae, Ecology, biophysical model, uncertainty quantification, connectivity, Polynomial chaos analysis, coral reef, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, dispersal, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, orientation
Abstract: The impacts of seven uncertain biological parameters on simulated larval connectivity in the Florida Keys are investigated using Polynomial chaos surrogates. These parameters describe biological traits and behaviours—such as mortality, swimming abilities, and orientation—and modulate larval settlement as well as dispersal forecasts. However, these parameters are poorly constrained by observations and vary naturally between individual larvae. The present investigation characterizes these input uncertainties with probability density functions informed by previous studies of Abudefduf saxatilis. The parametric domain is sampled via ensemble calculations, then a polynomial-based surrogate is built to explicitly approximate the dependence of the model outputs on the uncertain model inputs, which enables a robust statistical analysis of uncertainties. This approach allows the computation of probabilistic dispersal kernels that are further analyzed to understand the impact of the parameter uncertainties. We find that the biological input parameters influence the connectivity differently depending on dispersal distance and release location. The global sensitivity analysis shows that the interactions between detection distance threshold, orientation ontogeny, and orientation accuracy, are the dominant contributors to the uncertainty in settlement abundance in the Florida Keys. Uncertainties in swimming speed and mortality, on the other hand, seem to contribute little to dispersal uncertainty.
Published: 2022

35. Magnetic resonance probing of ferroelectricity and magnetism in metal-organic frameworks

Author: Naresh S. Dalal, Nandita Abhyankar, Sylvain Bertaina, Maylis Orio, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP), Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Magnetism, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Manganese, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Spin probe, chemistry.chemical_compound, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, law, medicine, Formate, Electron paramagnetic resonance, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), medicine.diagnostic_test, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Magnetic resonance imaging, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Ferroelectricity, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Physical chemistry, Metal-organic framework, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Strongly Correlated Electrons [cond-mat.str-el], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; We employ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of the spin probe Mn 2þ to study the paraelectric À ferroelectric transition in Dimethylammonium Manganese Formate (DMMnF) and Mn 2þ-doped Dimethylammonium Zinc Formate (DMZnF), which are considered model metal À organic frameworks (MOF) with a Pb-free perovskite architecture. In DMMnF, we study the variation of the Mn 2þ EPR line shape and intensity at the X-band ($9.4 GHz) and over 80 to 300 K, and we show the absence of magnetoelectric coupling at the ferro-electric transition. At the antiferromagnetic transition in DMMnF, we detect a magnetoelectric coupling caused by weak ferromagnetism in the AFM phase. In DMZnF, EPR spectra of the Mn 2þ probe combined with DFT show that the crystal field is predominantly determined by the Dimethylammonium (DMA þ) cations. ARTICLE HISTORY
Published: 2022

36. Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine

Author: William F. Swanson, Chris D. Holmes, William R. Simpson, Kaitlyn Confer, Louis Marelle, Jennie L. Thomas, Lyatt Jaeglé, Becky Alexander, Shuting Zhai, Qianjie Chen, Xuan Wang, Tomás Sherwen, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Fairbanks], University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Geophysical Institute [Fairbanks], Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science [Tallahassee] (FSU | EOAS), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Hong Kong] (CEE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), School of Energy and Environment [Hong Kong], City University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong] (CUHK), National Centre for Atmospheric Science [York] (NCAS), University of York [York, UK], and Department of Chemistry [York, UK]
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere
Abstract: Reactive halogens play a prominent role in the atmospheric chemistry of the Arctic during springtime. Field measurements and models studies suggest that halogens are emitted to the atmosphere from snowpack and reactions on wind-blown snow. The relative importance of snowpack and blowing snow sources is still debated, both at local scales and regionally throughout the Arctic. To understand implications of these halogen sources on a pan-Arctic scale, we simulate Arctic reactive bromine chemistry in the atmospheric chemical transport model GEOS-Chem. Two mechanisms are included: 1) a blowing snow sea salt aerosol formation mechanism and 2) a snowpack mechanism assuming uniform molecular bromine production from all snow surfaces. We compare simulations including neither mechanism, each mechanism individually, and both mechanisms to examine conditions where one process may dominate or the mechanisms may interact. We compare the models using these mechanisms to observations of bromine monoxide (BrO) derived from multiple-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instruments on O-Buoy platforms on the sea ice and at a coastal site in Utqiaġvik, Alaska during spring 2015. Model estimations of hourly and monthly average BrO are improved by assuming a constant yield of 0.1 % molecular bromine from all snowpack surfaces on ozone deposition. The blowing snow mechanism increases BrO by providing more surface area for reactive bromine recycling. The snowpack mechanism led to increased BrO across the Arctic Ocean with maximum production in coastal regions, whereas the blowing snow mechanism increases BrO in specific areas due to high surface windspeeds. Our uniform snowpack source has a greater impact on BrO mixing ratios than the blowing snow source. Model results best replicate several features of BrO observations during spring 2015 when using both mechanisms in conjunction, adding evidence that these mechanisms are both active during the Arctic Spring. Extending our transport model throughout the entire year leads to predictions of enhanced fall BrO that are not supported by observations.
Published: 2022

37. First Direct Insight into the Local Environment and Dynamics of Water Molecules in the Whewellite Mineral Phase: Mechanochemical Isotopic Enrichment and High-Resolution 17O and 2H NMR Analyses

Author: Ieva Goldberga, Nicolas Patris, Chia-Hsin Chen, Emilie Thomassot, Julien Trébosc, Ivan Hung, Zhehong Gan, Dorothée Berthomieu, Thomas-Xavier Métro, Christian Bonhomme, Christel Gervais, Danielle Laurencin, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Université de Montpellier (UM), Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UCCS Équipe Catalyse Supramoléculaire, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 (UCCS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GENCI-IDRIS, IR-RMN-THC FR 3050 CNRS, and European Project: 772204,MISOTOP
Subjects: Anions, General Energy, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Crystal structure, Calcium, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Molecules, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract: International audience; Calcium oxalate minerals of the general formula CaC2O4.xH2O are widely present in nature and usually associated with pathological calcifications, constituting up to 70−80% of the mineral component of renal calculi. The monohydrate phase (CaC2O4.H2O, COM) is the most stable form, accounting for the majority of the hydrated calcium oxalates found. These mineral phases have been studied extensively via X-ray diffraction and IRspectroscopy and, to a lesser extent, using 1H, 13C, and 43Ca solidstate NMR spectroscopy. However, several aspects of their structure and reactivity are still unclear, such as the evolution from low- to high-temperature COM structures (LT-COM and HT-COM, respectively) and the involvement of water molecules in this phase transition. Here, we report for the first time a 17O and 2H solid-state NMR investigation of the local structure and dynamics of water in the COM phase. A new procedure for the selective 17O- and 2H-isotopic enrichment of water molecules within the COM mineral is presented using mechanochemistry, which employsonly microliter quantities of enriched water and leads to exchange yields up to ∼30%. 17O NMR allows both crystallographically inequivalent water molecules in the LT-COM structure to be resolved, while 2H NMR studies provide unambiguous evidence that these water molecules are undergoing different types of motions at high temperatures without exchanging with one another. Dynamics appear to be essential for water molecules in these structures, which have not been accounted for in previous structuralstudies on the HT-COM structure due to lack of available tools, highlighting the importance of such NMR investigations for refining the overall knowledge on biologically relevant minerals like calcium oxalates.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Cloud-based framework for inter-comparing submesoscale-permitting realistic ocean models

Author: Takaya Uchida, Julien Le Sommer, Charles Stern, Ryan P. Abernathey, Chris Holdgraf, Aurélie Albert, Laurent Brodeau, Eric P. Chassignet, Xiaobiao Xu, Jonathan Gula, Guillaume Roullet, Nikolay Koldunov, Sergey Danilov, Qiang Wang, Dimitris Menemenlis, Clément Bricaud, Brian K. Arbic, Jay F. Shriver, Fangli Qiao, Bin Xiao, Arne Biastoch, René Schubert, Baylor Fox-Kemper, William K. Dewar, Alan Wallcraft, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Columbia University [New York], Interactive computing for your community [Portland] (2i2c), Ocean Next, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Océan Dynamique Observations Analyse (ODYSSEY), Université de Bretagne Occidentale - UFR Sciences et Techniques (UBO UFR ST), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Mercator Ocean International [Toulouse], University of Michigan System, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), First Institute of Oceanography [Qingdao] (FIO), Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Brown University, ANR-19-CE01-0002,DEEPER,Impacts de la turbulence de sous-mésoéchelle profonde sur la circulation océanique(2019), and ANR-18-MPGA-0002,CONTACTS,Turbulence homogène de l'océan pour les simulateurs climatiques(2018)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], General Medicine
Abstract: With the increase in computational power, ocean models with kilometer-scale resolution have emerged over the last decade. These models have been used for quantifying the energetic exchanges between spatial scales, informing the design of eddy parametrizations, and preparing observing networks. The increase in resolution, however, has drastically increased the size of model outputs, making it difficult to transfer and analyze the data. It remains, nonetheless, of primary importance to assess more systematically the realism of these models. Here, we showcase a cloud-based analysis framework proposed by the Pangeo project that aims to tackle such distribution and analysis challenges. We analyze the output of eight submesoscale-permitting simulations, all on the cloud, for a crossover region of the upcoming Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) altimeter mission near the Gulf Stream separation. The cloud-based analysis framework (i) minimizes the cost of duplicating and storing ghost copies of data and (ii) allows for seamless sharing of analysis results amongst collaborators. We describe the framework and provide example analyses (e.g., sea-surface height variability, submesoscale vertical buoyancy fluxes, and comparison to predictions from the mixed-layer instability parametrization). Basin- to global-scale, submesoscale-permitting models are still at their early stage of development; their cost and carbon footprints are also rather large. It would, therefore, benefit the community to document the different model configurations for future best practices. We also argue that an emphasis on data analysis strategies would be crucial for improving the models themselves.
Published: 2022

39. Biological Sulfate Reduction in Deep Subseafloor Sediment of Guaymas Basin

Author: Nagakura, Toshiki, Schubert, Florian, Wagner, Dirk, Kallmeyer, Jens, Teske, Andreas, Lizarralde, Daniel, W., Tobias, Aiello, Ivano W., Ash, Jeanine L., Bojanova, Diana P., Buatier, Martine D., Edgcomb, Virginia P., Galerne, Christophe Y., Gontharet, Swanne, Heuer, Verena B., Jiang, Shijun, Kars, Myriam A.C., Singh, S. Khogenkumar, Kim, Ji-Hoon, Koornneef, Louise M.T., Marsaglia, Kathleen M., Meyer, Nicolette R., Morono, Yuki, Negrete-Aranda, Raquel, Neumann, Florian, Pastor, Lucie C., Pena-Salinas, Manet E., Cruz, Ligia L. Perez, Ran, Lihua, Riboulleau, Armelle, Sarao, John A., Stock, Joann M., Toffin, Laurent M.A.A., Xie, Wei, Zhuang, Guangchao, Ortega, Rodrigo Perez, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (ZBMZ), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Institute of Earth and Environmental Science [Potsdam], University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Geological Sciences, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), and Kyung Hee University (KHU)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), sulfate reduction subsurface life deep biosphere thermophiles Guaymas Basin, sulfate reduction, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, deep biosphere, Guaymas Basin, subsurface life, Microbiology, thermophiles
Abstract: Sulfate reduction is the quantitatively most important process to degrade organic matter in anoxic marine sediment and has been studied intensively in a variety of settings. Guaymas Basin, a young marginal ocean basin, offers the unique opportunity to study sulfate reduction in an environment characterized by organic-rich sediment, high sedimentation rates, and high geothermal gradients (100–958°C km−1). We measured sulfate reduction rates (SRR) in samples taken during the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 385 using incubation experiments with radiolabeled 35SO42− carried out at in situ pressure and temperature. The highest SRR (387 nmol cm−3 d−1) was recorded in near-surface sediments from Site U1548C, which had the steepest geothermal gradient (958°C km−1). At this site, SRR were generally over an order of magnitude higher than at similar depths at other sites (e.g., 387–157 nmol cm−3 d−1 at 1.9 mbsf from Site U1548C vs. 46–1.0 nmol cm−3 d−1 at 2.1 mbsf from Site U1552B). Site U1546D is characterized by a sill intrusion, but it had already reached thermal equilibrium and SRR were in the same range as nearby Site U1545C, which is minimally affected by sills. The wide temperature range observed at each drill site suggests major shifts in microbial community composition with very different temperature optima but awaits confirmation by molecular biological analyses. At the transition between the mesophilic and thermophilic range around 40°C–60°C, sulfate-reducing activity appears to be decreased, particularly in more oligotrophic settings, but shows a slight recovery at higher temperatures.
Published: 2022

40. Microbial cell distribution in the Guaymas Basin subseafloor biosphere, a young marginal rift basin with rich organics and steep temperature gradient

Author: Morono, Yuki, Teske, Andreas, Galerne, Christophe, Bojanova, Diana, Edgcomb, Virginia, Meyer, Nicolette, Schubert, Florian, Toffin, Laurent, Lizarralde, Daniel, Höfig, Tobias W., Aiello, Ivano W., Ash, Janine L., Buatier, Martine, Gontharet, Swanne, Heuer, Verena B., Jiang, Shijun, Kars, Myriam A.C., Kim, Ji-Hoon, Koornneef, Louise M.T., Marsaglia, Kathleen M., Negrete-Aranda, Raquel, Neumann, Florian, Pastor, Lucie C., Peña-Salinas, Manet, Cruz, Ligia L. Pérez, Ran, Lihua, Riboulleau, Armelle, Sarao, John A., Singh, S. Khogenkumar, Stock, Joann M., Xie, Wei, Yamanaka, Toshiro, Zhuang, Guangchao, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (ZBMZ), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Laboratoire de microbiologie des environnements extrêmophiles (LM2E), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Geological Sciences, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Kyung Hee University (KHU), and Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Guaymas Basin is a young marginal rift basin in the Gulf of California characterized by active seafloor spreading and rapid sediment deposition, including organic-rich sediments derived from highly productive overlying waters and terrigenous sediments from nearby continental margins. The combination of active seafloor spreading and rapid sedimentation within a narrow basin results in a dynamic environment where linked physical, chemical, and biological processes regulate the cycling of sedimentary carbon and other elements. This continuum of interrelating processes from magma to microbe motivated International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 385 and is reflected in its title, “Guaymas Basin Tectonics and Biosphere.”During IODP Expedition 385, organic-rich sediments with sill intrusions on the flanking regions and in the northern axial graben of Guaymas Basin (in eight sites) were drilled and core samples were recovered. Those cored samples were examined for their microbial cell abundance in a highly sensitive manner by density-gradient cell separation at the super clean room of Kochi Core Center, Japan, followed by direct counting on fluorescence microscopy. Cell abundance in surficial seafloor sediment (~109 cells/cm3) was roughly 1000 times higher than the bottom seawater (~106 cells/cm3) and gradually decreased with increasing depth and temperature. In contrast to the cell abundance profile observed at Nankai Trough (IODP Exp. 370), the gradual decrease of cell abundance was observed up to around 75ºC, and we detected microbial cells even at hot horizons above 100ºC.We will present the overview of the microbial cell distribution in the Guaymas Basin and discuss its relation to the current and past environmental conditions, e.g., temperature and sill-intrusion, etc.
Published: 2022

41. Highly efficient polarizing agents for MAS‐DNP of proton‐dense molecular solids

Author: Rania Harrabi, Thomas Halbritter, Fabien Aussenac, Ons Dakhlaoui, Johan van Tol, Krishna K. Damodaran, Daniel Lee, Subhradip Paul, Sabine Hediger, Frederic Mentink‐Vigier, Snorri Th. Sigurdsson, Gaël De Paëpe, Magnetic Resonance (RM ), Modélisation et Exploration des Matériaux (MEM), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Bruker BioSpin, GmbH, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), and ANR-16-CE11-0030,TransPepNMR,Etude par RMN du complexe L,D-transpeptidase/peptidoglycan et de son influence sur la maturation de la paroi des mycobactéries(2016)
Subjects: [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Pharmaceutical Preparations, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, General Chemistry, General Medicine, Protons, Catalysis, Article
Abstract: International audience; Efficiently hyperpolarizing proton-dense molecular solids through Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) solid-state NMR is still an unmet challenge. Polarizing agents (PAs) developed so far do not perform well on proton-rich systems, such as organic microcrystals and biomolecular assemblies. Herein we introduce a new PA, cAsymPol-POK, and report outstanding hyperpolarization efficiency on 12.76 kDa U-$^{13}$ C,$^{15}$ N-labeled LecA protein and pharmaceutical drugs at high magnetic fields (up to 18.8 T) and fast MAS frequencies (up to 40 kHz). The performance of cAsymPol-POK is rationalized by MAS-DNP simulations combined with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Molecular Dynamics (MD). This work shows that this new biradical is compatible with challenging biomolecular applications and unlocks the rapid acquisition of $^{13}$C-$^{13}$ C and $^{15}$N-$^{13}$C correlations of pharmaceutical drugs at natural isotopic abundance, which are key experiments for structure determination.
Published: 2022

42. Hypersensitivity of the Glass Transition to Pressure History in a Metal-Organic Framework Glass

Author: Ang Qiao, Søren S. Sørensen, Malwina Stepniewska, Christophe A. N. Biscio, Lisbeth Fajstrup, Zhu Wang, Xianghua Zhang, Laurent Calvez, Ivan Hung, Zhehong Gan, Morten M. Smedskjaer, Yuanzheng Yue, Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Wuhan University of Technology (WHUT), Wuhan University [China], Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), VILLUM FONDEN [13253], National Natural Science Foundation of China [22175135, 11975169, U2067207], and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WUT: 2021IVA099, 2021III018JC, 2021IVB058]
Subjects: General Chemical Engineering, Materials Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Chemistry
Abstract: International audience; Metal-organic framework (MOF) glasses feature numerous unique properties and potential applications, but many fundamental questions remain unanswered, especially concerning their glass transition. Here, we report a discovery about ZIF-62 glass (a typical MOF glass), namely, the hypersensitivity of its glass transition to pressure history. Specifically, upon quenching the ZIF-62 melt under a modest pressure of 60 MPa, the derived glass exhibited a significantly lower glass transition temperature (T-g) than the glass formed under ambient pressure. The sensitivity parameter of T-g to pressure for ZIF-62 glass is much higher than that of other glass systems, including polymer glasses that typically feature a huge increase in T-g upon compression. The origin of the hypersensitivity of T-g to pressure history was revealed by structural analyses, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations. We found that the medium-range structure change induced the drop in T-g.
Published: 2022

43. On-Chip Detection of Electronuclear Transitions in the $^{155,157}$Gd Multilevel Spin System

Author: Franco-Rivera, G., Cochran, J., Chen, L., Bertaina, Sylvain, Chiorescu, I., Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, perturbation, superconductivity, coupling constant, Hilbert space, FOS: Physical sciences, cavity, spin, crystal, electromagnetic, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), readout, coupling, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Quantum Physics (quant-ph), qubit
Abstract: International audience; The properties of rare-earth elements diluted in nonmagnetic crystals make them promising candidates for a quantum memory due to their limited Hilbert space. The control and readout of the qubit states require a highly sensitive measurement and large coupling of the spin ensemble with the electromagnetic mode of a superconducting resonator. We report sensitive detection of forbidden transitions of electronuclear states from the minority species of 155Gd and 157Gd isotopes, which opens the possibility of connecting quantum states with very different spin projections. Cavity perturbation measurements seen in the reflected signal allow the detection of about 7.6×107 spins and the measurement of phase memory loss rate and spin-photon coupling strength.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Ocean Integration: The Needs and Challenges of Effective Coordination Within the Ocean Observing System

Author: Adèle Révelard, Joaquín Tintoré, Jacques Verron, Pierre Bahurel, John A. Barth, Mathieu Belbéoch, Jérôme Benveniste, Pascal Bonnefond, Eric P. Chassignet, Sophie Cravatte, Fraser Davidson, Brad deYoung, Michelle Heupel, Emma Heslop, Cora Hörstmann, Johannes Karstensen, Pierre Yves Le Traon, Miguel Marques, Craig McLean, Raul Medina, Theresa Paluszkiewicz, Ananda Pascual, Jay Pearlman, George Petihakis, Nadia Pinardi, Sylvie Pouliquen, Ralph Rayner, Iian Shepherd, Janet Sprintall, Toste Tanhua, Pierre Testor, Jukka Seppälä, John Siddorn, Soeren Thomsen, Luis Valdés, Martin Visbeck, Anya M. Waite, Francisco Werner, John Wilkin, Ben Williams, Suomen ympäristökeskus, The Finnish Environment Institute, SOCIB Balearic Islands Coastal Ocean Observing and Forecasting System, OceanNext, Mercator Océan, Société Civile CNRS Ifremer IRD Météo-France SHOM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Corvallis] (CEOAS), Oregon State University (OSU), OceanOPS, ESA Centre for Earth Observation (ESRIN), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (MUN), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 862626, project EuroSea (Improving and Integrating European Ocean Observing and Forecasting Systems for Sustainable Use of the Oceans), Revelard A., Tintore J., Verron J., Bahurel P., Barth J.A., Belbeoch M., Benveniste J., Bonnefond P., Chassignet E.P., Cravatte S., Davidson F., deYoung B., Heupel M., Heslop E., Horstmann C., Karstensen J., Le Traon P.Y., Marques M., McLean C., Medina R., Paluszkiewicz T., Pascual A., Pearlman J., Petihakis G., Pinardi N., Pouliquen S., Rayner R., Shepherd I., Sprintall J., Tanhua T., Testor P., Seppala J., Siddorn J., Thomsen S., Valdes L., Visbeck M., Waite A.M., Werner F., Wilkin J., Williams B., and European Commission
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, coordination, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, koordinointi, Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Ocean Engineering, integration, Aquatic Science, QH1-199.5, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, ympäristön tila, interdisciplinarity, 14. Life underwater, seuranta, organizational silos, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Global and Planetary Change, ocean observing, monitieteisyys, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, kansainvälinen yhteistyö, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, integraatio, ocean governance and management, collaboration, 13. Climate action, merentutkimus, tieteidenvälisyys, GC Oceanography, tiedontuotanto, meret, ocean science culture
Abstract: Understanding and sustainably managing complex environments such as marine ecosystems benefits from an integrated approach to ensure that information about all relevant components and their interactions at multiple and nested spatiotemporal scales are considered. This information is based on a wide range of ocean observations using different systems and approaches. An integrated approach thus requires effective collaboration between areas of expertise in order to improve coordination at each step of the ocean observing value chain, from the design and deployment of multi-platform observations to their analysis and the delivery of products, sometimes through data assimilation in numerical models. Despite significant advances over the last two decades in more cooperation across the ocean observing activities, this integrated approach has not yet been fully realized. The ocean observing system still suffers from organizational silos due to independent and often disconnected initiatives, the strong and sometimes destructive competition across disciplines and among scientists, and the absence of a well-established overall governance framework. Here, we address the need for enhanced organizational integration among all the actors of ocean observing, focusing on the occidental systems. We advocate for a major evolution in the way we collaborate, calling for transformative scientific, cultural, behavioral, and management changes. This is timely because we now have the scientific and technical capabilities as well as urgent societal and political drivers. The ambition of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030) and the various efforts to grow a sustainable ocean economy and effective ocean protection efforts all require a more integrated approach to ocean observing. After analyzing the barriers that currently prevent this full integration within the occidental systems, we suggest nine approaches for breaking down the silos and promoting better coordination and sharing. These recommendations are related to the organizational framework, the ocean science culture, the system of recognition and rewards, the data management system, the ocean governance structure, and the ocean observing drivers and funding. These reflections are intended to provide food for thought for further dialogue between all parties involved and trigger concrete actions to foster a real transformational change in ocean observing., This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 862626, project EuroSea (Improving and Integrating European Ocean Observing and Forecasting Systems for Sustainable Use of the Oceans).
Published: 2022

45. Investigating microbial constraints on hydrocarbon processing in Guaymas Basin subseafloor sediments with sill intrusions

Author: Teske, Andreas, Mara, Paraskevi, Vázquez, Mirna, Baker, Brett, Morono, Yuki, Edgcomb, Virginia, Lizarralde, Daniel, Höfig, Tobias W., Aiello, Ivano W., Ash, Jeanine L., Bojanova, Diana P., Buatier, Martine, Galerne, Christophe Y., Gontharet, Swanne, Heuer, Verena B., Jiang, Shijun, Kars, Myriam A.C., Kim, Ji-Hoon, Koornneef, Louise M.T., Marsaglia, Kathleen M., Meyer, Nicolette R., Negrete-Aranda, Raquel, Neumann, Florian, Pastor, Lucie C., Peña-Salinas, Manet, Cruz, Ligia L. Pérez, Ran, Lihua, Riboulleau, Armelle, Sarao, John A., Schubert, Florian, Singh, S. Khogenkumar, Stock, Joann M., Toffin, Laurent M.A.A., Xie, Wei, Yamanaka, Toshiro, Zhuang, Guangchao, Department of Chemistry [Heraklion], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Geological Sciences, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Kyung Hee University (KHU), Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (ZBMZ), and University of Freiburg [Freiburg]
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Guaymas Basin is a young marginal rift basin in the Gulf of California characterized by active seafloor spreading and rapid deposition of organic-rich sediments derived from highly productive overlying waters and terrigenous sediments from nearby continental margins. Catalyzed by the steep geothermal gradient, sedimentary organic material of photosynthetic origin turns into a diverse spectrum of hydrocarbons that accumulate especially in deep, hot sediments, and might supply substrates for hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms. The “from magma to microbe” perspective on these processes motivated International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 385“Guaymas Basin Tectonics and Biosphere.”Hydrocarbon concentrations were determined in sediment samples selected from eight drilling sites on the flanking regions and in the northern axial graben of Guaymas Basin. Total petroleum hydrocarbon (C9-C44) concentrations increased from ca. 50-250 mg/kg towards >2000 mg/kg at in-situ temperatures above 80°C. A similar increase from ca. 10 mg/kg towards >100 mg/kg was observed for total saturated hydrocarbons. These gradients are shaped by abiotic hydrocarbon generation above 80°C at depth, and possibly by microbial hydrocarbon degradation at cooler temperatures in the upper sediment column. In a two-pronged approach, we are currently investigating the activity of bacterial/fungal consortia, isolated from Guaymas Basin surficial sediments, in the oxidation of selected alkanes and polyaromatics that occur at Guaymas Basin. In parallel, we explore the diversity, depth range and in-situ temperature range of bacteria, archaea and fungi in the Guaymas Basin subsurface sediments using PCR and metagenomic sequencing, to constrain microbial hydrocarbon cycling in the deep subsurface. Updates on these ongoing investigations will be presented.
Published: 2022

46. Strong coupling of a Gd$^{3+}$ multilevel spin system to an on-chip superconducting resonator

Author: Franco-Rivera, Giovanni, Cochran, Josiah, Miyashita, Seiji, Bertaina, Sylvain, Chiorescu, Irinel, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, perturbation, superconductivity, photon, coupling constant, FOS: Physical sciences, cavity, length, spin, pulsed, crystal, Hamiltonian, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], finite element, strong coupling, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), ground state, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract: International audience; We report the realization of a strong coupling between a Gd 3+ spin ensemble hosted in a scheelite (CaWO 4) single crystal and the resonant mode of a coplanar-strip-line superconducting cavity leading to a large separation of spin-photon states of 146 MHz. The interaction is well described by the Dicke model and the crystal-field Hamiltonian of the multilevel spin system. We observe a change of the crystal-field parameters due to the presence of photons in the cavity, which generates a significant perturbation of the crystal ground state. Using finite-element calculations, we numerically estimate the cavity sensing volume as well as the average spin-photon coupling strength of g 0 /2π ≈ 620 Hz. Lastly, the dynamics of the spincavity states are explored via pulsed measurements by recording the cavity ring-down signal as a function of the pulse length and the amplitude. The results indicate a potential method to initialize this multilevel system in its ground state via an active cooling process.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Polar Layered Intermetallic LaCo2P2 as a Water Oxidation Electrocatalyst

Author: Dallas K. Mann, Aida M. Díez, Junyuan Xu, Oleg I. Lebedev, Yury V. Kolen’ko, Michael Shatruk, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: water oxidation, intermetallic, oxygen evolution reaction, precatalyst, electrocatalysis, General Materials Science, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, core−shell
Abstract: International audience; We investigate LaCo 2 P 2 as an electrocatalytic material for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under alkaline and acidic conditions. This layered intermetallic material was prepared via Sn-flux high-temperature annealing. The electrocatalytic ink, prepared with the ball-milled LaCo 2 P 2 catalyst at the mass loading of 0.25 mg/cm 2 , shows OER activity at pH = 14, reaching current densities of 10, 50, and 100 mA/cm 2 under the overpotential of 400, 440, and 460 mV, respectively. Remarkably, the electrocatalytic performance remains constant for at least 4 days. Transmission electron microscopy reveals the formation of a catalytically active CoO x shell around the pre-catalyst LaCo 2 P 2 core during the alkaline OER. The core serves as a robust support for the in situ-formed electrocatalytic system. Similar studies under pH = 0 reveal the rapid deterioration of LaCo 2 P 2 , with the formation of LaPO 4 and amorphous cobalt oxide. This study shows the viability of layered intermetallics as stable OER electrocatalysts, although further developments are required to improve the electrocatalytic performance and increase the stability at lower pH values.
Published: 2022

48. Higher Magnetic Fields, Finer MOF Structural Information: 17O Solid-State NMR at 35.2 T

Author: Bryan E. G. Lucier, Xiaoling Wang, Shijia Jiang, Kuizhi Chen, Christel Gervais, Zhehong Gan, Ivan Hung, Christian Bonhomme, Yining Huang, Vinicius Abilio Martins, Jun Xu, Anmin Zheng, Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, University of Western Ontario (UWO), Nankai University (NKU), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Spectroscopie, Modélisation, Interfaces pour L'Environnement et la Santé (LCMCP-SMiLES), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project 21904071), Open Funds (KF1818) of the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada for a Discovery Grant, NSF DMR-1644779 and the State of Florida, and NSF (DMR-1039938 and DMR-0603042) and NIH (BTRR 1P41 GM122698)
Subjects: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Oxygen Isotopes, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Article, Catalysis, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Phase (matter), Molecule, Spectroscopy, Density Functional Theory, Metal-Organic Frameworks, Molecular Structure, Chemistry, Hydrogen bond, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, General Chemistry, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 0104 chemical sciences, Characterization (materials science), Magnetic Fields, Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, Chemical physics, Density functional theory
Abstract: International audience; The spectroscopic study of oxygen, a vital element in materials, physical, and life sciences, is of tremendous fundamental and practical importance. 17O solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy has evolved into an ideal site-specific characterization tool, furnishing valuable information on the local geometric and bonding environments about chemically distinct and, in some favorable cases, crystallographically inequivalent oxygen sites. However, 17O is a challenging nucleus to study via SSNMR, as it suffers from low sensitivity and resolution, owing to the quadrupolar interaction and low 17O natural abundance. Herein, we report a significant advance in 17O SSNMR spectroscopy. 17O isotopic enrichment and the use of an ultrahigh 35.2 T magnetic field have unlocked the identification of many inequivalent carboxylate oxygen sites in the as-made and activated phases of the metal–organic framework (MOF) α-Mg3(HCOO)6. The subtle 17O spectral differences between the as-made and activated phases yield detailed information about host–guest interactions, including insight into nonconventional O···H–C hydrogen bonding. Such weak interactions often play key roles in the applications of MOFs, such as gas adsorption and biomedicine, and are usually difficult to study via other characterization routes. The power of performing 17O SSNMR experiments at an ultrahigh magnetic field of 35.2 T for MOF characterization is further demonstrated by examining activation of the MIL-53(Al) MOF. The sensitivity and resolution enhanced at 35.2 T allows partially and fully activated MIL-53(Al) to be unambiguously distinguished and also permits several oxygen environments in the partially activated phase to be tentatively identified. This demonstration of the very high resolution of 17O SSNMR recorded at the highest magnetic field accessible to chemists to date illustrates how a broad variety of scientists can now study oxygen-containing materials and obtain previously inaccessible fine structural information.
Published: 2020

49. Colocalization of Oxtr with Prader-Willi syndrome transcripts in the trigeminal ganglion of neonatal mice

Author: Fabienne Schaller, Elizabeth A. D. Hammock, Françoise Muscatelli, Radhika Vaidyanathan, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée [Aix-Marseille Université] (INMED - INSERM U1249), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and pellegrino, Christophe
Subjects: Adult, Nervous system, Pediatric Obesity, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, Oxytocin, Genomic Imprinting, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Trigeminal ganglion, 0302 clinical medicine, Antigens, Neoplasm, MESH: newborn, ligands, prader-willi syndrome, trigeminal ganglion, mice, periodontium, suckling behavior, oxtr gene, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Child, Receptor, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Proteins, Colocalization, General Medicine, Oxytocin receptor, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Animals, Newborn, Trigeminal Ganglion, Receptors, Oxytocin, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Brainstem, Prader-Willi Syndrome, Olfactory epithelium, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is caused by deficient expression of the paternal copy of several contiguous genes on chromosome 15q11-q13 and affects multiple organ systems in the body, including the nervous system. Feeding and suckling deficits in infants with PWS are replaced with excessive feeding and obesity in childhood through adulthood. Clinical trials using intranasal oxytocin (OXT) show promise to improve feeding deficits in infants with PWS. The mechanism and location of action of exogenous OXT are unknown. We have recently shown in neonatal mice that OXT receptors (OXTR) are present in several regions of the face with direct roles in feeding. Here we show that the trigeminal ganglion, which provides sensory innervation to the face, is a rich source of Oxtr and a site of cellular co-expression with PWS gene transcripts. We also quantified OXTR ligand binding in mice deficient in Magel2, a PWS gene, within the trigeminal ganglion and regions that are anatomically relevant to feeding behavior and innervated by the trigeminal ganglion including the lateral periodontium, rostral periodontium, tongue, olfactory epithelium, whisker pads and brainstem. We found that peripheral OXTR ligand binding in the head is mostly intact in Magel2-deficient mice, although it is reduced in the lateral periodontium (gums) of neonatal Magel2-deficient mice compared to wild-type controls. These data suggest that OXT via orofacial OXTR may play a peripheral role to modulate sensory-motor reflexes necessary for suckling and may be part of the mechanism by which intranasal OXT shows promise for therapeutic benefit in PWS.
Published: 2020

50. Calibration of Short-Wave InfraRed (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging using Diffuse Reflectance infrared Fourier Transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to obtain continuous logging of mineral abundances along sediment cores

Author: Chapkanski, Stoil, Jacq, Kevin, Brocard, Gilles, Vittori, Cécile, Debret, Maxime, De Giorgi, Andrea, D'ottavio, Daniele, Maria, Enrico, Goiran, Jean-Philippe, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), and Unigeo
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Stratigraphy, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

500 results on '"Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU)"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources