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DSP hardware. Several algorithmic and programming optimizations were applied so that the algorithm runs in real time with a sampling rate of at least 12 kHz. Results: The algorithm achieved a 99.3% accuracy rate when evaluated using data (20 data sets) from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. Total beats, missed beats, false beats, correct beats, total errors, percent errors were 45 331, 195, 142, 45 136, 337, and 0.74, respectively. For the cardiac-gating applications, latency from the peak of the QRS complex to the trigger signal was 7 milliseconds. Sampling at 12 kHz, with a high-performance 16-bit DAC, resulted in a jitter of 193 microseconds. Conclusions: Radiofrequency pulses during MRI make it difficult to discern ECG signals from background static magnetic field and radiofrequency gradients. This technique of mathematical transformation may be useful in the improvement methods of real-time QRS detection and sampling during MRI.

In this paper, we propose the use of black box models for the system identification of the cardiopulmonary baroreflex control of arterial resistance and of ventricular contractility and of arterial baroreflex control of heart rate (HR) from invasive, continuous measurements of arterial blood pressure (ABP) and central venous pressure (CVP), and non invasive, continuous recordings of ECG and respiration. Two crucial phases of the abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) repair were investigated: the clamping and declamping of aorta. The objective of the present work is to evaluate and to test the ability to monitor baroreflex responses to clamping and declamping maneuvers preceding and following aneurism removal.

This paper presents the analysis of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) control and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity in patients undergoing general anesthesia for major surgery, with the goal of evaluating the effects of anesthesia bolus induction with propofol on autonomic control of heart rate (HR) and arterial blood pressure (ABP). The increase in baroreflex gain in the LF band observed through two different methods hints at the fact that the baroreflex may increase heart period (HP) following a transient ABP decrease, but its response displays a larger amplitude, to compensate for the blunting of the sympathetic action on heart rate and vascular resistance.