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We present a key to identify and an annotated list of lycophytes and ferns of the Immediate Geographical Region of São Luís, Maranhão State, which has ecotonal characteristics of Amazonian Forest, Cerrado, and Coastal Vegetation. Specimens were collected monthly between April 2020 and September 2022 in the 13 municipalities of this region. A total of 64 species were identified, including 61 species of ferns, in 18 families and 38 genera, and three species of lycophytes, in two genera and one family. The most representative families were Pteridaceae (18 species) and Polypodiaceae (nine species). The most recorded substrate of occurrence was terrestrial with 35 species (54.6%), followed by epiphytic with 15 species (23.4%), aquatic with four species (6.2%), rupicolous with three species (4.6%), and hemiepiphytic with two species (3.1%). Five species (7.8%) had more than one life form. This study expands the knowledge about the geographic distribution of fern and lycophyte species in the central region of Northern Maranhão, in Northeastern Brazil, which until now had several sampling gaps. Maranhão has a diversity that is still poorly reported and known compared to other states in South and Southeast Brazil. Therefore, floristic surveys are essential to increase what is known about the flora, especially in areas under anthropic pressure and places with few collections, such as the ecotonal areas in Maranhão. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ibitipoca Mountains occur in southeastern Minas Gerais state, Southeast Brazil, and includes a mosaic of different vegetation types, as part of the Atlantic Forest domain. Such heterogeneity results in the occurrence of several ecotones in the region, considered essential buffer zones for maintaining biodiversity and structure among adjacent ecosystems. Given the importance of these environments for biodiversity conservation, floristic surveys are important to catalogue plant richness in natural areas, where species and landscapes have been destroyed, especially over the last decades. To contribute to increase the knowledge on the vascular Flora in the Ibitipoca Mountains, a floristic inventory was undertaken in private properties located in the boundaries of "Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca" (Ibitipoca State Park). Relevant findings of the present study include: characterization of the different vegetation types, 17 new records for the Flora of Minas Gerais, collection of 288 species never recorded in the state park (80% dissimilarity - especially due to the occurrence and size of different phytophysiognomies between these areas) and presence of 31 threatened species. In addition, discussions about conservation efforts and public policies are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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RESUMO Cactaceae inclui cerca de 2.000 espécies com distribuição Neotropical. O levantamento florístico da Área de Proteção Ambiental Serra Branca/Raso da Catarina (APASB), Bahia, Brasil, inclui comentários sobre morfologia e taxonomia, ilustrações, dados sobre distribuição geográfica e fenologia, além de uma chave para os táxons estudados. Foram registradas dez espécies endêmicas para o Brasil, distribuídas em seis gêneros (Cereus Mill. [C. albicaulis (Britton & Rose) Luetzelb., C. jamacaru DC. subsp. jamacaru]; Harrisia Britton [H. adscendens (Gürke) Britton & Rose]; Melocactus Link & Otto [M. zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Luetzelb.]; Pilosocereus Byles & Rowley [P. catingicola (Gürke) Byles & Rowley subsp. catingicola, P. pentaedrophorus (Cels) Byles & Rowley subsp. pentaedrophorus], Tacinga Britton & Rose [T. inamoena (K. Schum.) N.P.Taylor & Stuppy, T. palmadora (Britton & Rose) N.P.Taylor & Stuppy] e Xiquexique Lavor, Calvente & Versieux [X. gounellei (F.A.C.Weber) Lavor & Calvente subsp. gounellei e X. tuberculatus (Werderm.) Lavor & Calvente].

Este estudo objetivou contribuir para o conhecimento taxonômico de Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae) na Região Metropolitana de Belém, no estado do Pará, Amazônia Brasileira. Foram registradas oito espécies de Sloanea: S. floribunda, S. grandiflora, S. granulosa, S. guianensis, S. nitida, S. porphyrocarpa, S. sinemariensis e S. terniflora. São fornecidas chave de identificação, descrições morfológicas, informações sobre distribuição geográfica e comentários taxonômicos das espécies tratadas.

O presente estudo objetivou realizar o levantamento florístico e tratamento taxonômico da família Malpighiaceae na Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Bacia do Rio de Janeiro, localizada nos municípios de Barreiras e Luís Eduardo Magalhães, Extremo Oeste Baiano. Através de expedições de coleta e levantamentos em herbários virtuais foram identificadas 26 espécies distribuídas em seis gêneros: Byrsonima Rich. ex Kunth, com maior riqueza (10 spp.), Heteropterys Kunth (sete spp.), Banisteriopsis C.B.Rob. ex Small. (cinco spp.), Diplopterys A.Juss. (duas spp.), e Camarea A.St.-Hil. e Glicophyllum R.F.Almeida, com uma espécie cada. Neste trabalho são apresentadas chaves de identificação para gêneros e espécies, descrições taxonômicas, comentários e imagens.

A região Nordeste apresenta 742 espécies de briófitas, sendo considerada a terceira maior região em número de espécies. Para o estado do Piauí, são registradas 50 espécies, 22 famílias e 29 gêneros. Devido à escassez de estudos sobre a brioflora do estado, foi realizado um inventário florístico das espécies de briófitas no município de Corrente, Piauí, Brasil. Foram identificadas 50 espécies distribuídas em 25 gêneros e 18 famílias. A lista inclui 11 novas ocorrências para o estado do Piauí, sendo um novo registro para a região Nordeste. Em relação à distribuição no Brasil, 24 (51, 06%) dos táxons têm distribuição ampla, 11 (23, 40%) têm distribuição moderada e 12 (25, 53%) têm distribuição restrita. Os resultados representam uma importante contribuição para o conhecimento da flora briofítica da região, uma vez que ampliou e atualizou os dados a respeito da distribuição geográfica de várias espécies.

El ecotono es de gran importancia dado los servicios ambientales que prestan tanto al ambiente como al ser humano. El objetivo fue conocer la estructura y la composición florística en una zona de contacto entre dos tipos de matorrales y conocer además el potencial que tiene como sumidero de carbono. Se determinaron los índices de valor de importancia, distribución vertical de especies, Margalef, Shannon y la diversidad verdadera de Shannon. Además de la biomasa, área total y la concentración de carbono. Se registraron 11 especies de plantas vasculares, la familia mejor representada fue Fabaceae. La especie Cordia boisieri tuvo el mayor índice de valor de importancia. La diversidad de la comunidad vegetal fue baja. El área total de copa fue de 4 276.03 m2 ha-1, con tres estratos de altura. El carbono almacenado fue de 2.82 Mg ha-1, mientras que la biomasa aérea total fue de 567.15 kg ha-1.

RESUMO (Gentianaceae Juss. da Serra do Lenheiro, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil). Apresentamos um tratamento taxonômico para Gentianaceae da Serra do Lenheiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Cinco gêneros e oito espécies foram registrados. Chave de identificação, descrições morfológicas, fotos e comentários sobre a distribuição geográfica, ecologia e taxonomia das espécies são fornecidos.

This work is a floristic study of Selaginella in Maranhão. The species survey is based on collections from fieldwork conducted between April 2006 and February 2023 and specimens from Maranhão deposited at the CCAA, HBRA, MG, and SLUI herbaria. Ten species were identified: Selaginella conduplicata, S. convoluta, S. erythropus, S. flagellata, S. gynostachya S. marginata, S. minima, S. radiata, S. simplex, and S. sulcata. We report the first record of S. gynostachya for Maranhão and the Cerrado domain in Brazil. Until now, this species was only known from areas of Amazonia. We provide a map with records, an identification key, and comments about the identification and geographic distribution of Selaginella species in Maranhão state. For the new record, we also provide photos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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RESUMO A Ilha de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão, configura-se como uma região ecotonal, um misto de floresta úmida, mata-de-cocais, vegetação de dunas, restingas e manguezais. Diferentemente do interior do Estado do Maranhão, suas zonas costeiras possuem uma lacuna sobre o conhecimento da família Passifloraceae. Aqui, por meio de expedições de campo e consulta a herbários, nós fornecemos o tratamento taxonômico, chave de identificação e comentários sobre as Passifloraceae da Ilha de São Luís. Foram registradas dez espécies: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast. e P. vespertilio L. As espécies P. picturata e P. misera foram registradas pela primeira vez na Ilha de São Luís.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a fitossociologia do estrato arbóreo-arbustivo de um segmento de mata ciliar do Riacho da Cutia, em Boa Vista do Tupim, Bahia. Foram alocados na área 34 transectos de 50 m com pontos estabelecidos a cada 10 m. Registraram-se 816 indivíduos distribuídos em 64 gêneros, 28 famílias e 83 espécies. O maior IVI foi de Astronium urundeuva (M. Allemão) Engl. (31,98%) e da família Fabaceae (79,01%); já a espécie mais adaptada foi Colicodendron yco (Mart.) Mart. A densidade foi de 307 indivíduos.ha-1 e a área basal, 10,6 cm2.ha-1. O índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener foi H’ = 3,484 e de equabilidade de Pielou, J’= 0,780. Não houve o prevalecimento de espécies pioneiras na área. As informações fitossociológicas do componente arbóreo-arbustivo podem colaborar para futuros projetos de restauração ecológica ou recuperação das matas ciliares no trecho médio da Bacia Hidrográfica do Paraguaçu.

Antecedentes: Santos Reyes Tepejillo, Oaxaca, carece de un inventario florístico integral. Elaborarlo permitirá contar con información para plantear estrategias de manejo y conservación de sus recursos vegetales. Preguntas: ¿Cuántas y cuáles especies de plantas vasculares hay en el municipio de Santos Reyes Tepejillo y en qué tipo de vegetación se encuentran? ¿Cuál es el porcentaje de especies nativas, endémicas y catalogadas en alguna categoría de riesgo? Descripción de datos: Flora vascular. Sitios y años de estudio: Santos Reyes Tepejillo, Oaxaca, México; 2019 a 2021. Métodos: Se realizaron viajes periódicos de recolección botánica; el material recolectado se herborizó y determinó con el uso de claves, la información recabada del trabajo de campo se complementó con la consulta de bases de datos y la revisión de especímenes en herbarios institucionales. Resultados: Se registraron 536 especies, 336 géneros y 103 familias. Las familias Asteraceae (58 géneros/88 especies), Fabaceae (21/37) y Apocynaceae (13/23) sobresalen por su riqueza genérica y específica, mientras que a nivel de género los más diversos fueron Tillandsia, Salvia y Euphorbia. Doscientas trece especies son endémicas de México, 13 son exclusivas de Oaxaca y dos restringen su distribución a la zona de estudio; 111 especies se encuentran enlistadas en alguna categoría de riesgo. Conclusiones: Santos Reyes Tepejillo concentra una notable riqueza específica y presenta un importante nivel de endemismo. El estudio documenta tres nuevos registros a nivel estatal y el hallazgo de tres nuevas especies. Es indispensable continuar con el trabajo de exploración en la zona de estudio y regiones adyacentes.

The majority of management plans for birds on public lands across the western United States do not recognize the geographic variation in a given species’ habitat. We examined associations of plant species and functional groups with occupancy of 19 bird species across 5 biogeographic subregions of the Great Basin (central, western, Sierra Nevada, northern, and eastern), USA. We hypothesized that occupancy was associated with floristics (individual plant species) within subregions, and with physiognomy (characterized by functional groups) across the Great Basin. We used two methods to evaluate bird-vegetation associations within and across subregions. First, we examined which covariates of floristics and physiognomy were significantly associated with occupancy in each subregion. Second, for each bird species, we compared covariate estimates between each of the 10 pairs of subregions. We classified the effects of covariates on occupancy in 2 subregions as significantly different if <5% of their posterior distributions overlapped. The plant species and functional groups that were associated significantly with occupancy varied considerably among subregions. Twenty-four percent of bird-plant associations that were significant at the Great Basin level were not significant in any subregion. Associations between occupancy and floristics differed the most between the Sierra Nevada and central or western subregions, and the least between the eastern and western subregions. Associations between occupancy and physiognomy differed the most between the Sierra Nevada and western and central subregions, and the least between the northern and western subregions. These differences and similarities may reflect variations in climate or bird communities or differences in sampling effort. In addition, the number and strength of associations between occupancy and floristic or physiognomic covariates varied substantially among bird species and subregions. We recommend that the management of birds across the Great Basin or other large ecoregions evaluate and account for geographic variation in environmental attributes associated with occupancy, and not assume bird-plant relations are consistent across the Great Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tropical montane cloud forests in northern Peru are severely fragmented and degraded by land use change with the consequent loss of important plant biodiversity. This research had the objective of analyzing the composition, diversity and structure of the arboreal vegetation in an area of tropical montane cloud forest above 2100 m a.s.l in northern Peru. In a 1-hectare permanent plot, all trees with diametrer over 10 cm were marked and recorded. Diversity, floristic composition and structure of a relict cloud forest were analyzed. A total of 792 individuals of 81 species, 48 genera and 33 families were recorded. The most species-rich families were Lauraceae (25 species), Euphorbiaceae (five species), Melastomataceae, Clusiaceae and Rubiaceae (with 4 species each). Cyathea sp. and Miconia punctata were the most abundant and frequent species. These results show the high ecological value of the forest studied from the point of view of conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A floristic inventory and a taxonomic treatment of Asteraceae from Serra da Confusão do Rio Preto in the state of Goiás are provided. Collections were carried out from July 2017 to December 2018 in a fragment of cerrado sensu stricto with transition to cerrado rupestre (rocky cerrado), for a total of 38 expeditions covering all seasons. Taxonomic treatment of the resulting specimens includes identification keys, diagnoses and descriptions, conservation status, endemism and examined material. A total of 59 species were found, belonging to 32 genera and 10 tribes. The predominant genera were Lessingianthus (8 spp.) and Chromolaena (5 spp.) while the predominant tribes were Vernonieae (19 spp.), Eupatorieae (13 spp.) and Heliantheae (7 spp.). The richness pattern for tribes was the same as recorded in other floristic inventories in the Cerrado domain, especially cerrado sensu stricto. Twenty-one of the species (35.6%) are restricted to Brazil while only Isostigma resupinatum is restricted to the state of Goiás. Conyza primulifolia, Lepidaploa cuiabensis and Lepidaploa sororia were new occurrences for the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is an integral part of the project Flora of Ceará: knowing to conserve. The goal of this work was to conduct a floristic-taxonomic survey and update the geographic distribution of the tribe Hibisceae (Malvaceae) in the state of Ceará, Brazil. The study is based on an analysis of specimens in national and international herbaria, collections made during fieldwork from January 2020 to May 2021, and literature. Eight genera and 20 species were recorded for Ceará, which mostly occur in areas of Stepic Savanna and Dense Ombrophylous Forest. Pavonia varians and P. vinosa are restricted to a single municipality. Malachra fasciata and Peltaea lasiantha are new records for the state of Ceará. Eleven species occur within 14 conservation units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a floristic-taxonomic survey of the species of Aspleniaceae in Mato Grosso as part of a series on the flora of lycophytes and ferns in this state. The study is based on an analysis of national and foreign herbaria specimens. In the state of Mato Grosso, there are two genera and 22 species of Aspleniaceae: Asplenium abscissum, A. angustum, A. auritum, A. cirrhatum, A. claussenii, A. cristatum, A. dimidiatum, A. flabellulatum, A. formosum, A. hallii, A. inaequilaterale, A. juglandifolium, A. otites, A. poloense, A. praemorsum, A. pumilum, A. resiliens, A. salicifolium, A. serra, A. serratum, A. stuebelianum, and Hymenasplenium delitescens. This corresponds to 27,5% of the Aspleniaceae species reported for Brazil. The species predominantly occur in forest environments. Dichotomous keys to the genera and species, descriptions, diagnostic illustrations, and notes on the geographic distribution, habitat, and morphological affinities between species are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ) has an arboretum with 58 hectares of green space, including thematic collections. The ex situ collection of ferns and lycophytes is in two greenhouses: Mestre Valentim and the Shade Greenhouse of Horto Florestal. Although the JBRJ Arboretum is a cultivated area, it is adjacent to Parque Nacional da Tijuca (PNT), which is a fragment of the Atlantic Forest that may influence the flora in the garden. Specimens were collected and identified between 2020 and 2023 from all areas of the JBRJ, including the greenhouses. There are 101 species of ferns and lycophytes that belong to 47 genera and 24 families. Pteridaceae (21%) and Polypodiaceae (19%) are the most species-rich families. The collections in the Mestre Valentim and Shade greenhouses comprise 70 species, 35 genera, and 20 families. Five cultivated species are at risk of extinction: Adiantum mynsseniae, Dicksonia sellowiana, Anemia blechnoides, Doryopteris rediviva, and Pteris congesta. Most of the species inventoried in the JBRJ collection are native to Brazilian ecosystems (70%), including 10 endemic species. A list of species found in the JBRJ, with information about the location, distribution range, vouchers and type of occurrence (collection or spontaneous), is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ferns and lycophytes are plants often overlooked in most floristic inventories, leading to considerable gaps in the knowledge of their diversity and geographic distribution. To address this issue, we conducted a study aimed at reducing these gaps for the restingas of Santa Catarina, south Brazil. This involved conducting a series of field works in strategic sites within the municipality of Laguna, representing all three main restingas phytophysiognomies (herbaceous/subshrubby, shrubby, and arboreal), across different abiotic conditions and conservation degrees. Two species of lycophytes (one family) and 31 ferns (14 families) were recorded in the restingas of Laguna, almost three-quarters of the diversity reported for the restingas of the state of Santa Catarina. Besides, 11 of these species are mentioned here for the first time for Santa Catarina restingas. These numbers were obtained through extensive field surveys, but considering the area of restinga remnants, some of which are still relatively unexplored, it is plausible that the diversity of ferns and lycophytes in Laguna may be even greater. These findings reinforce the need to carry out floristic surveys aimed at ferns and lycophytes in the different phytophysiognomies of the restinga, because only with an increase of sampling effort, considering the environmental heterogeneity, it will be possible to better estimate the diversity of these and other plant groups. This study also provides important data for the management and conservation of the restingas, which are among the ecosystems historically most impacted by human activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Con el objetivo de generar información sobre la cobertura, composición florística y caracterización estructural del manglar en la costa de Pixvae, se realizaron muestreos entre febrero y abril de 2021. Para estimar la cobertura se utilizó la imagen satelital Planet Scope (2020), y el Raster DTM (2020). Para evaluar la composición florística y caracterización estructural se establecieron 42 cuadrantes de 10 m x 10 m, paralelos a los esteros y hacia la parte interna del manglar, en donde se registraron las especies, la altura de los árboles y la circunferencia a 1.30 cm de altura. Se calculó el área basal, densidad, volumen de los árboles y la regeneración. La extensión del manglar se estableció en 93.6 ha, se identificaron ciatro especies de mangle y dos especies asociadas. El histograma reflejó una distribución en forma de j invertida, con un mayor número de árboles entre los 2.5 y 10 cm y poca representación de árboles con diámetros superiores a los 10 cm. Se registró regeneración en todos los cuadrantes, Pelliciera rhizophorae fue la especie que presentó el mayor número de plántulas. Este estudio es la primera caracterización del manglar de Pixvae, lo que representa un insumo importante para establecer el plan de manejo del área.

O estudo teve como objetivo realizar o levantamento florístico das Asteraceae que ocorrem ao longo da Estrada Parque do Pantanal (EPP) do Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), integrando comentários morfológicos, taxonômicos, fenológicos e de distribuição das espécies. Foram realizadas coletas mensais pela EPP, entre os anos de 2018-2020 e 2022. A EPP inicia na BR-262, próximo ao anel viário que dá acesso às cidades de Corumbá e Ladário até o Rio Paraguai, local denominado como Porto da Manga. As amostras de plantas férteis foram coletadas e herborizadas para identificação taxonômica e depositadas no Herbário COR da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus do Pantanal. Os resultados apontam que na EPP ocorrem 37 espécies distribuídas em 10 tribos: Heliantheae (10 spp.), Vernonieae (9 spp.), Eupatorieae (7 spp.), Astereae (2 spp.), Coreopsideae (2 spp.), Neurolaeneae (2 spp.), Senecioneae (2 spp.), Millerieae (1 sp.), Nassauvieae (1 sp.) e Tageteae (1 sp.). Quatro novas ocorrência de Asteraceae são destacadas, sendo Dasyanthina palustris e Mikania capricorni novos registros para a Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil e Acmella uliginosa e Calea elongata para o Mato Grosso do Sul.

RESUMO Commelinaceae apresenta distribuição principalmente tropical, algumas espécies em ambientes temperados, ocorrendo em todo território brasileiro e possui uma morfologia floral complexa, apresentando flores deliquescentes. Visando contribuir com o conhecimento taxonômico acerca dessa família, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e caracterizar morfologicamente as espécies ocorrentes nos fragmentos florestais da Usina São José, localizada em Igarassu, Estado de Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil, dando continuidade à série de monografias para a área. Expedições de coletas foram realizadas na área entre janeiro de a novembro de 2019, além de estudo de material herborizado. Para a área de estudo, foram encontradas cinco espécies pertencentes aos gêneros Commelina e Dichorisandra. São apresentados chave de identificação, descrições, ilustrações e comentários sobre distribuição geográfica e hábitats.

Melastomataceae é uma das famílias mais representativas do Cerrado, apresentando 33 gêneros e 513 espécies no bioma. A última listagem publicada de Melastomataceae para o Distrito Federal (DF) apontava 19 gêneros e 87 espécies, e foi elaborada para nortear o projeto Flora do Distrito Federal em 2001. Desde então, novos estudos moleculares trouxeram muitas mudanças de circunscrição genérica e tribal, por isso a importância de atualizar o tratamento taxonômico da família para o DF. O presente Conspectus apresenta uma chave dicotômica abrangendo 18 gêneros e 89 espécies de Melastomataceae com ocorrência confirmada no DF. É fornecida uma listagem com o habitat, cor da corola, número de registros no DF e habitats mais comumente registrados para cada espécie, além de imagens de 20 espécies.

RESUMO Nós apresentamos o tratamento taxonômico para a família Orobanchaceae da Serra de São José e da Serra do Lenheiro, no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Seis espécies e quatro gêneros foram registrados. Chave de identificação, descrições morfológicas, fotos e comentários sobre a distribuição geográfica, ecologia e taxonomia das espécies são apresentados.

RESUMO Asteraceae é uma das maiores famílias dentre as angiospermas, concentrada principalmente em vegetações abertas. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um inventário florístico de Asteraceae em fragmentos de Mata Atlântica da Usina São José (USJ), Igarassu, Pernambuco, oferecendo subsídios para o reconhecimento das espécies na região. Foram amostradas 32 espécies circunscritas a 27 gêneros e 10 tribos. As tribos com maior número de espécies são Eupatorieae (8 spp.), Vernonieae (7 spp.) e Heliantheae (6 spp.). Os gêneros mais representativos são Mikania (3 spp.), Acanthospermum, Elephantopus e Emilia (2 spp. cada). Gamochaeta pensylvanica apresenta aqui a primeira ocorrência para o Estado de Pernambuco. São fornecidas chave de identificação, descrições, ilustrações, comentários taxonômicos e de distribuição geográfica para cada espécie.

Introducción. Las malezas constituyen un grupo ecológico y económicamente importante debido a que pueden provocar pérdidas monetarias. Sin embargo, este gremio también tiene aspectos positivos; por ejemplo, pueden ayudar a mantener poblaciones estables de insectos benéficos, con lo que pueden contribuir al control de plagas y enfermedades, así como a mantener saludables los servicios de polinización; además, también favorecen la movilización de nutrientes en el suelo (Clements et al., 1994; Gerowitt et al., 2017). Por ello es relevante conocer cuáles malezas se encuentran asociadas a los cultivos del estado de Colima. Objetivo. Elaborar un listado taxonómico de las malezas presentes en cultivos comerciales del estado de Colima; así como un análisis ecológico de algunos de los factores que podrían estar afectando su distribución. Métodos. Se muestrearon cuadratas de una hectárea en 25 campos agrícolas dedicados a cultivos comerciales (mora azul, zarzamoras, café, maíz, cebolla, chile jalapeño, papaya, limón mexicano y caña de azúcar) en el estado de Colima. Resultados y discusión. Se encontraron 222 especies de malezas, que representan 53 familias (43 eudicotiledóneas, seis monocotiledóneas, dos magnólidos, un helecho y una hepática). Las familias con más especies son Poaceae (29 especies) y Asteraceae (25). Un alto porcentaje de la flora de malezas es nativa (84.2%) y 15.8% exótica. Se encontró que 21 especies son endémicas y que Manihot chlorosticta se encuentra en la categoría de casi amenazada (NT) de la UICN (Leopardi et al., 2021). Conclusión. La evidencia disponible sugiere que cada cultivo tiende a tener una comunidad distintiva de malezas asociada, que en general parece estar determinada por factores bioclimáticos, principalmente la temperatura y la precipitación.

Antecedentes: Las angiospermas parásitas obtienen agua y nutrientes de un hospedero. Éstas pueden ser holoparásitas si obtienen agua y fotosintatos, o hemiparásitas, si obtienen agua y minerales. Las hemiparásitas se dividen en parásitas obligadas, si dependen del hospedero durante todo su ciclo biológico; o en facultativas, si no requieren del hospedero para sobrevivir. Entre las obligadas están los muérdagos, que además pueden parasitar a otros muérdagos, siendo entonces plantas epiparásitas. Para México se consideran 14 familias, 41 géneros y 411 especies de plantas parásitas. Preguntas: ¿Cuál es la diversidad de angiospermas parásitas en Morelos? Especies de estudio: Angiospermas parásitas. Sitio de estudio: Estado de Morelos, México. Métodos: Se revisaron 650 ejemplares de nueve herbarios (ENCB, FCME, HUAP, HUMO, IEB, MEXU, RSA, UAMIZ y XAL) y de 15 colecciones digitales (ARIZ, ASU, CM, COLO, F, GH, IND, LL, MO, NMC, NY, RM, UCR, UTC y TEX). Se colectaron 178 especímenes en diecinueve municipios. Los nombres de cada taxón fueron validados en Tropicos, The Plant List y el International Plant Names Index. Resultados: Se registraron 11 familias, 22 géneros y 60 especies de plantas parásitas en Morelos. Del total, 14 especies son holoparásitas, 19 son hemiparásitas facultativas y 27 son hemiparásitas obligadas. Se reportaron diez especies de muérdagos epiparásitos, con cinco registros nuevos de interacciones previamente no documentadas. Conclusiones: Las plantas parásitas representan el 1.69 % de la riqueza de angiospermas en Morelos, 24 especies son endémicas de México. La mayor diversidad se encuentra en Áreas Naturales Protegidas. Translate stop Translate stop

No Brasil são registradas 1.215 espécies de samambaias, sendo 43 ocorrentes em Sergipe, número reduzido em comparação a outros Estados da região Nordeste. O Estado apresenta poucos trabalhos conduzidos especificamente com samambaias e possui potencial para contribuir com novidades na distribuição geográfica de espécies do grupo. Diante disto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento florí­stico das samambaias no Refúgio da Vida Silvestre Mata do Junco (894.76 ha), remanescente de Floresta Atlântica, situado no municí­pio de Capela, Sergipe. As expedições (n= 9) foram realizadas entre os meses de outubro de 2020 a abril de 2021 e os materiais coletados foram herborizados e depositados no Herbário da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (ASE). As identificações tiveram como base referências bibliográficas e comparações por meio de plataformas digitais e de exemplares depositados no ASE. Foram encontradas oito famí­lias, 13 gêneros e 23 espécies de samambaias, sendo cinco novos registros para Sergipe. As famí­lias mais representativas foram Pteridaceae e Polypodiaceae, com oito e cinco espécies, respectivamente. O gênero Adiantum apresentou o maior número de espécies (oito spp.). Apesar de os estudos com as samambaias serem incipientes em Sergipe, as informações obtidas neste trabalho reforçam a importância dos levantamentos florí­sticos. Estes estudos podem preencher as lacunas de conhecimento, evidenciando novas ocorrências e contribuindo com o melhor entendimento das samambaias na flora de Sergipe e brasileira.

Understand the role of the drivers in vegetation pattern is essential in ecology since diversity plays a major role in the stability and maintenance of plant communities. The murundus are small and scattered earthmounds with a differentiated flora of its surrounding. In our study site (Campo Maior, Piauí, Northeastern Brazil), we classified them in three categories: presence of carnaúba (PC), presence of tucum (PT), and with the absence of palm trees (AP). Here, our goals were (1) to explore alpha diversity using the richness estimator and abundance distribution rank, expecting that palm trees could influence the richness of plant species on murundus; (2) analyzing the species richness-area relationship in the murundus, following the assumptions that the largest one holds more species; (3) find the changes in the species composition (beta diversity) between the three categories of murundus, assuming which the presence of palm trees influence the species composition; and (4) investigate if the distance between murundus is a decisive factor in the species composition, where the closest murundus are the most similar in species composition. Ours results showed that palms trees do not influence the richness of the murundus, the largest murundus are the richest ones, and the turnover predominantly determines beta diversity in the different murundus categories. Furthermore, the distance between the murundus did not determine its floristic similarity. Overall, we demonstrated which the species of palm trees are not the main drive of the plant assemblage in the murundus, however its size comprises a major factor in the richness, with great species substitution, which explains the high plant diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examined the diversity and distribution of Caryocaraceae, Hypericaceae, and Rhizophoraceae in Ceará State, Brazil. Floristic treatments were carried out based on comparative analyses of the morphological characters of specimens from several Brazilian herbaria (ALCB, EAC, HCDAL, HST, HUEFS, HVASF, IAN, MBM, MOSS, SP, UEC and UFMT), the scientific literature, and photographs of type collections. Each family is represented here by a single species. Caryocar coriaceum occurs predominantly in the southern portion of Ceará State in typical open (cerrado) and forested savannas (cerradão). Vismia guianensis is widely distributed and occurs in several vegetation types, but mainly ombrophilous forests and savannas. Rhizophora mangle has a narrow distribution range, being recorded in coastal vegetation with fluvial and/or lacustrine influences (mangrove swamps). All three species were recorded in designated Conservation Areas. An identification key for the species, morphological descriptions, commentaries on their conservation, habitats and phenologies, as well as photographs and illustrations are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests and Woodlands biome (SDTFW) has its largest nucleus in the Caatinga domain. We characterized the flora and physiognomy of the vegetation in the Pedra da Andorinha Wildlife Refuge (RPA), in Ceará, Brazil. Plant collections were made between March/2015 and May/2021, applying usual botanical methods. All material was deposited in HUVA herbarium. The phytosociological studies covered five 50 m x 50 m plots established (1.25 ha) in which all individuals with diameters at soil level = 3 cm were inventoried. We identified 266 vascular plants species distributed among 185 genera and 67 families, including one fern (Marsilea deflexa - Marsileaceae). Fabaceae had the greatest species richness (38 spp.), while Ipomoea was the richest genus (9 spp.). 43.6% of all plant species were herbaceous, with a predominance of therophytes (57.5% of all herbaceous plants). The phytosociological study sampled 1,988 individuals distributed among 24 species of 13 families. The species with the greatest important value were Cordia oncocalyx (Boraginaceae) and Croton blanchetianus (Euphorbiaceae). We classify the local physiognomy as typical caatinga sensu stricto vegetation and rocky vegetation on inselbergs and outcrops. We highlight the richness of herbaceous plants in the local community, which surpass the richness of the woody component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Atlantic Forest is one of the diversity centers of Melastomataceae in the world, and studies have been showing the great richness of its species in Espírito Santo, a state that once was entirely covered by this phytogeographic domain. We present here a floristic survey of the species of Melastomataceae in a protected area in this state, the Municipal Natural Park of São Lourenço, located at the municipality of Santa Teresa. We also present an identification key for the species, detailed descriptions, comments on distribution, habitat and phenology, photographs and illustrations. A thorough sampling was based on several expeditions during 2019 and 2020; in addition, we analyzed all specimens collected in the area and deposited in the herbaria FLOR, HUEFS, MBM, MBML, NY, RB, UPCB, US and VIES. The family has 10 genera and 56 species in the area, with Miconia having 42 species, Pleroma six and the genera Aciotis, Acisanthera, Bertolonia, Chaetogastra, Henriettea, Meriania, Microlicia and Mouriri represented by only one species each. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microlicieae is one of the most diverse tribes in Melastomataceae, comprising three genera: Microlicia (including the former Chaetostoma, Lavoisiera, Stenodon, and Trembleya), Poteranthera, and Rhynchanthera. It is characterized by anthers with a prolonged pedoconnective, capsular fruits, and reniform, oblong seeds with a foveolate testa. This study presents a taxonomic treatment for the species of Microlicieae in the state of Espírito Santo. A total of ten species were registered in two genera, Microlicia (9 spp.) and Rhynchanthera (1 sp.). Of these, three are new species of Microlicia: M. caparaoensis is endemic to the Caparaó National Park; M. capixaba and M. misteriosa are endemic to a single inselberg, the "Alto Misterioso", in São Roque do Canaã. A fourth species was kept as Microlicia sp., since further studies will be necessary to confirm its identity. We also provide an identification key, morphological descriptions, distribution data, and comments for all species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess the diversity of Inga in the state of Espírito Santo (ES), in order to establish diagnostic characters and circumscription of the species through a detailed analysis of botanical collections. This analysis was based on morphological analysis of specimens collected in the ES and deposited in herbarium collections. The study provides identification keys, descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic comments, geographic distributions, distribution patterns, and phenology data for the species. Twenty-six taxa of Inga were recognized in ES. Of these, 14 (52%) are endemic to Brazil, one of which, Inga teresensis, is restricted to ES. Species of Inga occur predominantly in dense ombrophilous forest (23 taxa), followed by seasonal semideciduous forest (16 taxa), open ombrophilous forest (nine taxa), and pioneer formations (eight taxa). Among dense ombrophilous forests, a higher diversity of Inga species was present in slope forests (22 taxa) than tabuleiro forests (15 taxa). Inga aptera, I. cabelo, I. maritima, I. platyptera, and I. unica are listed as threatened. The distribution of four taxa, I. aptera, I. ciliata subsp. ciliata, I. cylindrica, and I. subnuda var. luschnatiana was extended to ES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud forests usually occur at high-altitude sites of the Atlantic Forest in eastern Brazil, albeit scattered and fragmented along the mountain tops. In this habitat, the vegetation occurs at low-temperature conditions and is usually provided by additional water sources that arise due to the horizontal precipitation of the frequent fogs. Together with the more considerable air movement and higher luminosity, these factors are conditioning for singular floras at high elevations, mainly the vascular epiphytes, which are macro and microclimate dependent. In the mountains range at the center of the Espírito Santo state, Southeastern Brazil, some mountain tops such as Pedra Azul (PA) hold these environmental features. Here, we aimed to present the first checklist of vascular epiphytes in the Pedra Azul State Park and surroundings based on fieldwork and herbarium specimens. The checklist comprises 152 species, 65 genera, and 17 families, the main families being Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae, and Polypodiaceae, with the main genera represented by Vriesea, Acianthera, and Peperomia. The holoepiphytes were the main category among the epiphytes, although an unusually high number of facultative epiphytes were recorded. Asplenium theciferum and Octomeria cucullata are recorded in Espírito Santo for the first time, and we confirmed the occurrence of Rhipsalis cereuscula in the state. Overall, the richness recorded in PA is amongst the highest of the Atlantic Forest cloud forests. Six species are threatened at the national level and 32 at the state level. These results support the importance of the protected area for conserving the flora; however, several species - including threatened - were only recorded in the surroundings, demonstrating that the buffer zone of the Pedra Azul State Park must be included in the management plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The taxonomic floristic survey of the Heliotropiaceae species in Ceará state is part of the "Flora of Ceará: knowing to conserve" project. The study was based on specimens deposited in national and international herbaria, relevant bibliography, images of type specimens, and field trips. Fourteen species belonging to three genera were recorded: Euploca (six spp.) was the most representative in number of species, followed by Heliotropium and Myriopus (four spp. each). Euploca paradoxa is endemic to Brazil, being a new occurrence for Ceará. Most species occur in Conservation Units, except for Euploca humilis, E. paradoxa, Heliotropium angiospermum, and H. funkiae. The species occur predominantly in dry habitats, such as Stepic Savanna (Caatinga), however some species have been recorded in more humid areas, such as Ombrophilous Forest and coastal vegetation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Sustainability in Debate / Sustentabilidade em Debate is the property of University of Brasilia, Center for Sustainable Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O cerrado sensu stricto é uma fitofisionomia savânica com grande diversidade florística e que ocupa, aproximadamente, 70% do bioma Cerrado, porém, sofre uma rápida conversão para áreas de uso antrópico. Diante disso, objetivou-se analisar a estrutura fitossociológica de um cerrado sensu stricto em Gurupi, Tocantins. Em cinco parcelas de 20x50m foram amostrados os indivíduos com circunferência a altura do peito ≥ 10 cm. Foram encontrados 906 indivíduos, distribuídos em 102 espécies, 42 famílias e 78 gêneros. O índice de diversidade (H’) foi de 3,70 e a equabilidade (J’) de 0,80. A família com o maior índice de valor de importância (IVI) foi Myrtaceae. A espécieMyrcia fallax obteve o maior número de indivíduos e de IVI (23,1%). Na dominância relativa se destacaram Protium heptaphyllum (12,2%) e Tapirira guianensis (7,1%). As demais espécies encontradas apresentaram valores inferiores à (5,7%). Os índices obtidos neste estudo indicam a existência de uma alta diversidade florística.

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o padrão atual de distribuição de Caatinga densa, identificando onde estão seus maiores fragmentos, através de procedimentos cartográficos e estatísticos no município de Caicó-RN. A partir de NDVI, gerou-se o mapeamento da cobertura vegetal e, em seguida, delimitou-se três intervalos de cotas altimétricas possibilitando-se traçar um perfil gradual. Os fragmentos de Caatinga densa foram submetidos a ANOVA e teste Tukey, estabelecendo uma significância de p

Urban green areas produce benefits such as reduced air pollution, climate mitigation, reduced wind action, less noise pollution, shelter for fauna, and increased water uptake from the soil as well as increased water infiltration to the soil. This work carried out a floristic survey related to its diverse and characterized habit and dispersion, and also related to the origin of the species existing in four public squares within the municipality of Campestre, Minas Gerais. Thus, the floristic and ecological aspects of trees and shrubs were surveyed in four urban green areas of the municipality. All arboreal and shrubby individuals were marked and identified. Each identified species was classified according to habit, dispersion, and origin. In total, 313 tree individuals, shrubs, and palm trees were registered and distributed among 73 species, (62 genera and 30 botanical families). When considering all squares, Shannon’s diversity was 3.72, and Pielou’s evenness coefficient was 0.87. Lower values of diversity and evenness were observed for each public square. There was greater richness and number of individuals of native species compared to exotic ones. The yellow ipe (Handroanthus serratifolius) was the only species present in all studied squares. Sassafras (Ocotea odorifera) and pau-brasil (Paubrasilia echinata) are endangered species and underrepresented. The most represented forms of dispersion were zoochory and anemochory.

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Se presenta un listado preliminar de 506 especies en 335 géneros, de 86 familias de flora fanerogámica, derivado de la determinación taxonómica del material recolectado, en Vicente Guerrero, Durango. Así también se describe brevemente el tipo de comunidad vegetal. Se concluye que la familia Asteraceae es la mejor representada cuyo inventario está prácticamente completo.

RESUMO (Brioflora do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil). O Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina está localizado entre os Estados de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro, sendo o único PARNA do Estado de São Paulo. Foram encontradas 485 espécies de briófitas, sendo Lejeuneaceae a família com a maior riqueza encontrada, com 93 espécies. Para os musgos, a família Bryaceae apresentou 23 espécies. Encontramos 47 espécies como novas ocorrências para o Estado de São Paulo. Dentre todas as espécies coletadas, 43% possuem ocorrência restrita à Mata Atlântica, 31% são endêmicas do Brasil e 155 espécies apresentam ocorrência rara no Brasil. Estes números mostram a importância deste Parque para a preservação das espécies de briófitas do país e para a realização de futuros trabalhos na área.

RESUMO (Gesneriaceae da Serra do Relógio, Descoberto, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil). A Serra do Relógio está localizada no município de Descoberto, Zona da Mata no Estado de Minas Gerais. Há duas importantes Unidades de Conservação, a Reserva Biológica da Represa do Grama (RBRG) e a Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Alto da Boa Vista (RPPNABV). Juntas abrangem uma área total de 402,6 hectares, sendo composta, predominantemente pela Floresta Estacional Semidecidual baixo-montana. Gesneriaceae está representada na área por oito espécies, distribuídas nos gêneros Besleria (2 spp.), Nematanthus (3 spp.), Paliavana (1 spp.), Sinningia (1 spp.) e Vanhouttea (1 spp.). Neste trabalho são apresentadas descrições, chave de identificação, comentários sobre taxonomia, distribuição e ecologia assim como fotos para todas as espécies.

Copyright of Revista Tamoios is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)