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1. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine effectiveness against RSV-associated hospitalisations and emergency department encounters among adults aged 60 years and older in the USA, October, 2023, to March, 2024: a test-negative design analysis

Author

Payne, Amanda B, Watts, Janet A, Mitchell, Patrick K, Dascomb, Kristin, Irving, Stephanie A, Klein, Nicola P, Grannis, Shaun J, Ong, Toan C, Ball, Sarah W, DeSilva, Malini B, Natarajan, Karthik, Sheffield, Tamara, Bride, Daniel, Arndorfer, Julie, Naleway, Allison L, Koppolu, Padma, Fireman, Bruce, Zerbo, Ousseny, Timbol, Julius, Goddard, Kristin, Dixon, Brian E, Fadel, William F, Rogerson, Colin, Allen, Katie S, Rao, Suchitra, Mayer, David, Barron, Michelle, Reese, Sarah E, Rowley, Elizabeth A K, Najdowski, Morgan, Ciesla, Allison Avrich, Mak, Josephine, Reeves, Emily L, Akinsete, Omobosola O, McEvoy, Charlene E, Essien, Inih J, Tenforde, Mark W, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E, and Link-Gelles, Ruth

Published
2024
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2. Use of COVID-19 Vaccines for Persons Aged [greater than or equal to] 6 Months: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices-United States, 2024-2025

Author

Panagiotakopoulos, Lakshmi, Moulia, Danielle L., Godfrey, Monica, Link-Gelles, Ruth, Roper, Lauren, Havers, Fiona P., Taylor, Christopher A., Stokley, Shannon, Talbot, H. Keipp, Schechter, Robert, Brooks, Oliver, Daley, Matthew F., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., and Wallace, Megan

Subjects
Vaccination -- Usage, Drug approval -- Usage, Vaccines -- Usage, Pharmaceutical industry -- Usage, Pfizer Inc., United States. Food and Drug Administration
Abstract

On Tuesday, September 10, 2024, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). Introduction COVID-19 continues to account for thousands of hospitalizations and hundreds [...]

Published
2024

3. Effectiveness of a bivalent mRNA vaccine dose against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection among U.S. Healthcare personnel, September 2022–May 2023

Author

Plumb, Ian D., Briggs Hagen, Melissa, Wiegand, Ryan, Dumyati, Ghinwa, Myers, Christopher, Harland, Karisa K., Krishnadasan, Anusha, James Gist, Jade, Abedi, Glen, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Chea, Nora, Lee, Jane E., Kellogg, Melissa, Edmundson, Alexandra, Britton, Amber, Wilson, Lucy E., Lovett, Sara A., Ocampo, Valerie, Markus, Tiffanie M., Smithline, Howard A., Hou, Peter C., Lee, Lilly C., Mower, William, Rwamwejo, Fernand, Steele, Mark T., Lim, Stephen C., Schrading, Walter A., Chinnock, Brian, Beiser, David G., Faine, Brett, Haran, John P., Nandi, Utsav, Chipman, Anne K., LoVecchio, Frank, Eucker, Stephanie, Femling, Jon, Fuller, Matthew, Rothman, Richard E., Curlin, Marcel E., Talan, David A., and Mohr, Nicholas M.

Published
2024
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4. Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Vaccine-Eligible US Children Under-5 Years Hospitalized for Acute COVID-19 in a National Network

Author

Zambrano, Laura D., Newhams, Margaret M., Simeone, Regina M., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Halasa, Natasha, Wu, Michael, Orzel-Lockwood, Amber O., Kamidani, Satoshi, Pannaraj, Pia S., Chiotos, Kathleen, Cameron, Melissa A., Maddux, Aline B., Schuster, Jennifer E., Crandall, Hillary, Kong, Michele, Nofziger, Ryan A., Staat, Mary A., Bhumbra, Samina S., Irby, Katherine, Boom, Julie A., Sahni, Leila C., Hume, Janet R., Gertz, Shira J., Maamari, Mia, Bowens, Cindy, Levy, Emily R., Bradford, Tamara T., Walker, Tracie C., Schwartz, Stephanie P., Mack, Elizabeth H., Guzman-Cottrill, Judith A., Hobbs, Charlotte V., Zinter, Matt S., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Bline, Katherine E., Hymes, Saul R., Campbell, Angela P., Randolph, Adrienne G., Murdock, Meghan, Kelley, Heather, Sanders, Ronald C., Miron, Laura, Barkely, Hannah, Jumarang, Jaycee, Hakimi, Daniel, Niell, Liria Muriscot, Baig, Natasha, Temte, Elizabeth, Thayer, Imogene, Petruccelli, Lexi, Zorensky, Frances, Sierra, Yamila, Gonzalez, Mark D., Ciric, Caroline R., Choi, Jong-Ha C., Baida, Nadine, Randolph, Adrienne G., Kucukak, Suden, Listerud, Eve, Clark, Maya, Dittrich, Rylie, Johnson, Brandi A., Drapeau, Noelle M., Martin, Lora, Malloch, Lacy, Martin, Maygan, Sanders, Cameron, Patterson, Kayla, Sullivan, Melissa, Pruitt, Shannon, Hymes, Saul, Harwayne-Gidansky, Ilana, Rohlfs, Chelsea C., Wolfe, Amber, Phengchomphet, Kathlyn, Bush, Jenny, Mohammed, Fatima A., Stewart, Laura S., Fernandez, Kailee, Abojaib, Leenah, Kyles, Molly J., and Campbell, Angela P.

Published
2023
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5. Use of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines in Adults Aged [greater than or equal to] 60 Years: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices--United States, 2024

Author

Britton, Amadea, Roper, Lauren E., Kotton, Camille N., Hutton, David W., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Godfrey, Monica, Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R., Broder, Karen R., Talbot, H. Keipp, Long, Sarah S., Havers, Fiona P., and Melgar, Michael

Subjects
United States. Food and Drug Administration, Pfizer Inc., Vaccination -- Usage, Respiratory tract diseases -- Usage, Medical colleges -- Usage, Drug approval -- Usage, Adults -- Usage, Vaccines -- Usage, Pharmaceutical industry -- Usage, Health, Abrysvo (Vaccine) -- Usage
Abstract

On August 6, 2024, this report was posted online as an MMWR Early Release. Introduction Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory illness and hospitalizations in older [...]

Published
2024

6. Vaccine Effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 Variant P.1 in Nursing-Facility Residents, Washington, USA, April 2021

Author

Lewis, James W., Loughran, Julie, Deng, Li, Varghese, Jasmine, Clark, Shauna, Harrison, Casandra, Gacetta, Molly, Jernigan, John A., and Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.

Subjects
Washington -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

COVID-19 mRNA vaccines demonstrated high efficacy (>94%) against COVID-19 in clinical trials (1,2). However, initial observational vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates against infection among residents of skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), a [...]

Published
2022
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7. Use of an Additional Updated 2023-2024 COVID-19 Vaccine Dose for Adults Aged [greater than or equal to]65 Years: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices--United States, 2024

Author

Panagiotakopoulos, Lakshmi, Godfrey, Monica, Moulia, Danielle L., Link-Gelles, Ruth, Taylor, Christopher A., Chatham-Stephens, Kevin, Brooks, Oliver, Daley, Matthew F., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., and Wallace, Megan

Subjects
United States. Department of Health and Human Services, Pfizer Inc., Epidemics -- United States, Vaccination -- Usage -- Health aspects, Public health -- Health aspects -- Usage, Adults -- Health aspects -- Usage, Vaccines -- Usage, Pharmaceutical industry -- Health aspects -- Usage, Health
Abstract

Introduction Since June 2020, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has convened 39 public meetings to review data and consider recommendations related to the use of COVID-19 vaccines (1). [...]

Published
2024

8. Interim Effectiveness of Updated 2023-2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Among Adults Aged [greater than or equal to]18 Years with Immunocompromising Conditions--VISION Network, September 2023-February 2024

Author

Link-Gelles, Ruth, Rowley, Elizabeth A.K., DeSilva, Malini B., Dascomb, Kristin, Irving, Stephanie A., Klein, Nicola P., Grannis, Shaun J., Ong, Toan C., Weber, Zachary A., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., McEvoy, Charlene E., Akinsete, Omobosola, Bride, Daniel, Sheffield, Tamara, Naleway, Allison L., Zerbo, Ousseny, Fireman, Bruce, Hansen, John, Goddard, Kristin, Dixon, Brian E., Rogerson, Colin, Fadel, William F., Duszynski, Thomas, Rao, Suchitra, Barron, Michelle A., Reese, Sarah E., Ball, Sarah W., Dunne, Margaret M., Natarajan, Karthik, Okwuazi, Erica, Shah, Ami B., Wiegand, Ryan, Tenforde, Mark W., and Payne, Amanda B.

Subjects
Vaccination, Adults, Vaccines, Health
Abstract

Introduction On September 12, 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended updated 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccination with a monovalent XBB.1.5--derived vaccine for all persons aged [greater than or equal to]6 [...]

Published
2024

11. A Multifaceted Intervention Improves Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Infection for Adults and Children in Emergency Department and Urgent Care Settings

Author

Yadav, Kabir, Meeker, Daniella, Mistry, Rakesh D, Doctor, Jason N, Fleming‐Dutra, Katherine E, Fleischman, Ross J, Gaona, Samuel D, Stahmer, Aubyn, and May, Larissa

Subjects
Lung, Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Health Services, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Prevention, Comparative Effectiveness Research, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Ambulatory Care, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Attitude of Health Personnel, Child, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Inappropriate Prescribing, Logistic Models, Male, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Program Evaluation, Respiratory Tract Infections, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Emergency & Critical Care Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundAntibiotics are commonly prescribed during emergency department (ED) and urgent care center (UCC) visits for viral acute respiratory infection (ARI). We evaluate the comparative effectiveness of an antibiotic stewardship intervention adapted for acute care ambulatory settings (adapted intervention) to a stewardship intervention that additionally incorporates behavioral nudges (enhanced intervention) in reducing inappropriate prescriptions.MethodsThis study was a pragmatic, cluster-randomized clinical trial conducted in three academic health systems comprising five adult and pediatric EDs and four UCCs. Randomization of the nine sites was stratified by health system; all providers at each site received either the adapted or the enhanced intervention. The main outcome was the proportion of antibiotic-inappropriate ARI diagnosis visits that received an outpatient antibiotic prescription by individual providers. We estimated a hierarchical mixed-effects logistic regression model comparing visits during the influenza season for 2016 to 2017 (baseline) and 2017 to 2018 (intervention).ResultsThere were 44,820 ARI visits among 292 providers across all nine cluster sites. Antibiotic prescribing for ARI visits dropped from 6.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.5% to 7.9%) to 2.4% (95% CI = 1.3% to 3.4%) during the study period. We found a significant reduction in inappropriate prescribing after adjusting for health-system and provider-level effects from 2.2% (95% CI = 1.0% to 3.4%) to 1.5% (95% CI = 0.7% to 2.3%) with an odds ratio of 0.67 (95% CI = 0.54 to 0.82). Difference-in-differences between the two interventions was not significantly different.ConclusionImplementation of antibiotic stewardship for ARI is feasible and effective in the ED and UCC settings. More intensive behavioral nudging methods were not more effective in high-performance settings.

Published
2019

12. Interim Effectiveness of Updated 2023-2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19-Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalization Among Immunocompetent Adults Aged [greater than or equal to]18 Years--VISION and IVY Networks, September 2023- January 2024

Author

DeCuir, Jennifer, Payne, Amanda B., Self, Wesley H., Rowley, Elizabeth A.K., Dascomb, Kristin, DeSilva, Malini B., Irving, Stephanie A., Grannis, Shaun J., Ong, Toan C., Klein, Nicola P., Weber, Zachary A., Reese, Sarah E., Ball, Sarah W., Barron, Michelle A., Naleway, Allison L., Dixon, Brian E., Essien, Inih, Bride, Daniel, Natarajan, Karthik, Fireman, Bruce, Shah, Ami B., Okwuazi, Erica, Wiegand, Ryan, Zhu, Yuwei, Lauring, Adam S., Martin, Emily T., Gaglani, Manjusha, Peltan, Ithan D., Brown, Samuel M., Ginde, Adit A., Mohr, Nicholas M., Gibbs, Kevin W., Hager, David N., Prekker, Matthew, Mohamed, Amira, Srinivasan, Vasisht, Steingrub, Jay S., Khan, Akram, Busse, Laurence W., Duggal, Abhijit, Wilson, Jennifer G., Chang, Steven Y., Mallow, Christopher, Kwon, Jennie H., Exline, Matthew C., Columbus, Cristie, Vaughn, Ivana A., Safdar, Basmah, Mosier, Jarrod M., Harris, Estelle S., Casey, Jonathan D., Chappell, James D., Grijalva, Carlos G., Swan, Sydney A., Johnson, Cassandra, Lewis, Nathaniel M., Ellington, Sascha, Adams, Katherine, Tenforde, Mark W., Paden, Clinton R., Dawood, Fatimah S., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Surie, Diya, and Link-Gelles, Ruth

Subjects
Vaccination, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Hospitals -- Emergency service, Emergency medicine, Adults, Vaccines, Health, Vanderbilt University. Medical Center
Abstract

Introduction On September 12, 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended updated 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccination with a monovalent XBB.1.5--derived vaccine for all persons aged [greater than or equal to]6 [...]

Published
2024

13. Early Estimates of Updated 2023-2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection Attributable to Co-Circulating Omicron Variants Among Immunocompetent Adults--Increasing Community Access to Testing Program, United States, September 2023-January 2024

Author

Link-Gelles, Ruth, Ciesla, Allison Avrich, Mak, Josephine, Miller, Joseph D., Silk, Benjamin J., Lambrou, Anastasia S., Paden, Clinton R., Shirk, Philip, Britton, Amadea, Smith, Zachary R., and Fleming- Dutra, Katherine E.

Subjects
Vaccination, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Drugstores, Pharmacy, Adults, Vaccines, Genetic transcription, Health
Abstract

Introduction On September 12, 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended that all persons aged [greater than or equal to] 6 months receive the updated 2023-2024 (updated) monovalent COVID-19 [...]

Published
2024

15. Use of COVID-19 Vaccines for Persons Aged ≥6 Months: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices -United States, 2024–2025.

Author

Panagiotakopoulos, Lakshmi, Moulia, Danielle L., Godfrey, Monica, Link-Gelles, Ruth, Roper, Lauren, Havers, Fiona P., Taylor, Christopher A., Stokley, Shannon, Talbot, H. Keipp, Schechter, Robert, Brooks, Oliver, Daley, Matthew F., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., and Wallace, Megan

Subjects
COVID-19 vaccines, VACCINE effectiveness
Abstract

COVID-19 vaccination provides additional protection against severe COVID-19–associated illness and death. Since September 2023, 2023–2024 Formula monovalent XBB.1-strain COVID-19 vaccines have been recommended for use in the United States for all persons aged ≥6 months. However, SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, and since winter 2023–2024, Omicron JN.1 lineage strains of SARS-CoV-2, including the JN.1 strain and the KP.2 strain, have been widely circulating in the United States. Further, COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness is known to wane. On June 27, 2024, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended 2024–2025 COVID-19 vaccination with a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved or authorized vaccine for all persons aged ≥6 months. On August 22, 2024, FDA approved the 2024–2025 COVID-19 vaccines by Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech (based on the KP.2 strain) for use in persons aged ≥12 years and authorized these vaccines for use in children aged 6 months–11 years under Emergency Use Authorization (EUA). On August 30, 2024, FDA authorized 2024–2025 COVID-19 vaccine by Novavax (based on the JN.1 strain) for use in persons aged ≥12 years under EUA. ACIP will continue to evaluate new evidence as it becomes available and will update recommendations as needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Effectiveness of the Original Monovalent and Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters in Pregnant Persons Who Were Not Immunocompromised: VISION Network, June 2022–August 2023.

Author

Ciesla, Allison Avrich, Lazariu, Victoria, Dascomb, Kristin, Irving, Stephanie A, Dixon, Brian E, Gaglani, Manjusha, Naleway, Allison L, Grannis, Shaun J, Ball, Sarah, Kharbanda, Anupam B, Vazquez-Benitez, Gabriela, Klein, Nicola P, Natarajan, Karthik, Ong, Toan C, Embi, Peter J, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E, Link-Gelles, Ruth, and Zerbo, Ousseny

Subjects
PREGNANT women, VACCINE effectiveness, COVID-19 vaccines, OUTPATIENT medical care, COVID-19
Abstract

Pregnant people face increased risk of severe COVID-19. Current guidelines recommend updated COVID-19 vaccination (2023–2024) for those aged ≥6 months, irrespective of pregnancy status. To refine recommendations for pregnant people, further data are needed. Using a test-negative design, we evaluated COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against medically attended COVID-19 with COVID-19–like illness among pregnant people aged 18 to 45 years during June 2022 to August 2023. When doses were received during pregnancy, vaccine effectiveness was 52% (95% CI, 29%–67%); when received <6 months prior to pregnancy, 28% (95% CI, 11%–42%); and when received ≥6 months prior to pregnancy, 6% (95% CI, −11% to 21%). Pregnant people should stay up-to-date with recommended COVID-19 vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Use of an Additional Updated 2023–2024 COVID-19 Vaccine Dose for Adults Aged ≥65 Years: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2024

Author

Panagiotakopoulos, Lakshmi, primary, Godfrey, Monica, additional, Moulia, Danielle L., additional, Link-Gelles, Ruth, additional, Taylor, Christopher A., additional, Chatham-Stephens, Kevin, additional, Brooks, Oliver, additional, Daley, Matthew F., additional, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., additional, and Wallace, Megan, additional

Published
2024
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19. Interim Effectiveness of Updated 2023–2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Hospitalization Among Adults Aged ≥18 Years with Immunocompromising Conditions — VISION Network, September 2023–February 2024

Author

Link-Gelles, Ruth, primary, Rowley, Elizabeth A.K., additional, DeSilva, Malini B., additional, Dascomb, Kristin, additional, Irving, Stephanie A., additional, Klein, Nicola P., additional, Grannis, Shaun J., additional, Ong, Toan C., additional, Weber, Zachary A., additional, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., additional, McEvoy, Charlene E., additional, Akinsete, Omobosola, additional, Bride, Daniel, additional, Sheffield, Tamara, additional, Naleway, Allison L., additional, Zerbo, Ousseny, additional, Fireman, Bruce, additional, Hansen, John, additional, Goddard, Kristin, additional, Dixon, Brian E., additional, Rogerson, Colin, additional, Fadel, William F., additional, Duszynski, Thomas, additional, Rao, Suchitra, additional, Barron, Michelle A., additional, Reese, Sarah E., additional, Ball, Sarah W., additional, Dunne, Margaret M., additional, Natarajan, Karthik, additional, Okwuazi, Erica, additional, Shah, Ami B., additional, Wiegand, Ryan, additional, Tenforde, Mark W., additional, and Payne, Amanda B., additional

Published
2024
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20. Use of Updated COVID-19 Vaccines 2023-2024 Formula for Persons Aged [greater than or equal to] 6 Months: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices--United States, September 2023

Author

Regan, Joanna J., Moulia, Danielle L., Link-Gelles, Ruth, Godfrey, Monica, Mak, Josephine, Najdowski, Morgan, Rosenblum, Hannah G., Shah, Melisa M., Twentyman, Evelyn, Meyer, Sarah, Peacock, Georgina, Thornburg, Natalie, Havers, Fiona P., Saydah, Sharon, Brooks, Oliver, Talbot, H. Keipp, Lee, Grace M., Bell, Beth P., Mahon, Barbara E., Daley, Matthew F., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., and Wallace, Megan

Subjects
United States. Food and Drug Administration, Pfizer Inc., Vaccination -- Usage, RNA -- Usage, Drug approval -- Usage, Vaccines -- Usage, Pharmaceutical industry -- Usage, Health
Abstract

On October 10, 2023, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). Introduction By the end of 2022, COVID-19 vaccines had prevented 18.5 million [...]

Published
2023

21. Use of the Pfizer Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine During Pregnancy for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Disease in Infants: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices--United States, 2023

Author

Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Jones, Jefferson M., Roper, Lauren E., Prill, Mila M., Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R., Moulia, Danielle L., Wallace, Megan, Godfrey, Monica, Broder, Karen R., Tepper, Naomi K., Brooks, Oliver, Sanchez, Pablo J., Kotton, Camille N., Mahon, Barbara E., Long, Sarah S., and McMorrow, Meredith L.

Subjects
United States. Food and Drug Administration, United States. Department of Health and Human Services, Pfizer Inc., AstraZeneca PLC, Sanofi S.A., Vaccination -- Usage, Diseases -- Prevention -- United States -- France -- United Kingdom, Infants -- Usage, Drug approval -- Usage, Epidemiology -- Usage, Vaccines -- Usage, Pregnant women -- Usage, Pharmaceutical industry -- Usage, Health, Abrysvo (Vaccine) -- Usage
Abstract

On October 6, 2023, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). Introduction In August 2023, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved RSVpreF [...]

Published
2023

22. Use of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines in Adults Aged ≥60 Years: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices -- United States, 2024.

Author

Britton, Amadea, Roper, Lauren E., Kotton, Camille N., Hutton, David W., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Godfrey, Monica, Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R., Broder, Karen R., Talbot, H. Keipp, Long, Sarah S., Havers, Fiona P., and Melgar, Michael

Subjects
RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, HOSPITAL care, VACCINE effectiveness, OLDER people, IMMUNIZATION
Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory illness and hospitalization in older adults during fall and winter in the United States. The 2023-2024 RSV season was the first during which RSV vaccination was recommended for U.S. adults aged =60 years, using shared clinical decisionmaking. On June 26, 2024, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices voted to update this recommendation as follows: a single dose of any Food and Drug Administration-approved RSV vaccine (Arexvy [GSK]; Abrysvo [Pfizer]; or mResvia [Moderna]) is now recommended for all adults aged =75 years and for adults aged 60-74 years who are at increased risk for severe RSV disease. Adults who have previously received RSV vaccine should not receive another dose. This report summarizes the evidence considered for these updated recommendations, including postlicensure data on vaccine effectiveness and safety, and provides clinical guidance for the use of RSV vaccines in adults aged =60 years. These updated recommendations are intended to maximize RSV vaccination coverage among persons most likely to benefit, by clarifying who is at highest risk and by reducing implementation barriers associated with the previous shared clinical decision-making recommendation. Continued postlicensure monitoring will guide future recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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23. Interim Recommendations for Use of Bivalent mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines for Persons Aged [greater than or equal to]6 Months--United States, April 2023

Author

Moulia, Danielle L., Wallace, Megan, Roper, Lauren E., Godfrey, Monica, Rosenblum, Hannah G., Link-Gelles, Ruth, Britton, Amadea, Daley, Matthew F., Meyer, Sarah, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Oliver, Sara E., and Twentyman, Evelyn

Subjects
United States. Food and Drug Administration, Pfizer Inc., Messenger RNA -- Usage, Public health -- Usage, Vaccines -- Usage, Evidence-based medicine -- Usage, Pharmaceutical industry -- Usage, Health
Abstract

Throughout the national public health emergency declared in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, CDC, guided by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), has offered evidence-based recommendations for the use [...]

Published
2023

24. Interim Effectiveness of Updated 2023-2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Among Adults Aged =18 Years with Immunocompromising Conditions -- VISION Network, September 2023-February 2024.

Author

Link-Gelles, Ruth, Rowley, Elizabeth A. K., DeSilva, Malini B., Dascomb, Kristin, Irving, Stephanie A., Klein, Nicola P., Grannis, Shaun J., Ong, Toan C., Weber, Zachary A., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., McEvoy, Charlene E., Akinsete, Omobosola, Bride, Daniel, Sheffield, Tamara, Naleway, Allison L., Zerbo, Ousseny, Fireman, Bruce, Hansen, John, Goddard, Kristin, and Dixon, Brian E.

Subjects
COVID-19 vaccines, HOSPITAL care, IMMUNOCOMPROMISED patients, VACCINATION
Abstract

In September 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended updated 2023-2024 (monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 vaccination for all persons aged =6 months to prevent COVID-19, including severe disease. As with past COVID-19 vaccines, additional doses may be considered for persons with immunocompromising conditions, who are at higher risk for severe COVID-19 and might have decreased response to vaccination. In this analysis, vaccine effectiveness (VE) of an updated COVID-19 vaccine dose against COVID-19-associated hospitalization was evaluated during September 2023-February 2024 using data from the VISION VE network. Among adults aged =18 years with immunocompromising conditions, VE against COVID-19-associated hospitalization was 38% in the 7-59 days after receipt of an updated vaccine dose and 34% in the 60-119 days after receipt of an updated dose. Few persons (18%) in this high-risk study population had received updated COVID-19 vaccine. All persons aged =6 months should receive updated 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccination; persons with immunocompromising conditions may get additional updated COVID-19 vaccine doses =2 months after the last recommended COVID-19 vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. 2365. Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines Against Medically Attended COVID-19 in Pregnant Persons Within the VISION Network, December 2021 - April 2023

Author

Ciesla, Allison Avrich, primary, Link-Gelles, Ruth, additional, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E, additional, Lazariu, Victoria, additional, Dascomb, Kristin K, additional, Grannis, Shaun J, additional, Ong, Toan, additional, Embi, Peter J, additional, Ball, Sarah W, additional, Gaglani, Manjusha, additional, Kharbanda, Anupam, additional, Natarajan, Karthik, additional, Zerbo, Ousseny, additional, Vazquez-Benitez, Gabriela, additional, and Irving, Stephanie, additional

Published
2023
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31. Effectiveness of a bivalent mRNA vaccine dose against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection among U.S. Healthcare personnel, September 2022–May 2023

Author

Plumb, Ian D., primary, Briggs Hagen, Melissa, additional, Wiegand, Ryan, additional, Dumyati, Ghinwa, additional, Myers, Christopher, additional, Harland, Karisa K., additional, Krishnadasan, Anusha, additional, James Gist, Jade, additional, Abedi, Glen, additional, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., additional, Chea, Nora, additional, Lee, Jane E., additional, Kellogg, Melissa, additional, Edmundson, Alexandra, additional, Britton, Amber, additional, Wilson, Lucy E., additional, Lovett, Sara A., additional, Ocampo, Valerie, additional, Markus, Tiffanie M., additional, Smithline, Howard A., additional, Hou, Peter C., additional, Lee, Lilly C., additional, Mower, William, additional, Rwamwejo, Fernand, additional, Steele, Mark T., additional, Lim, Stephen C., additional, Schrading, Walter A., additional, Chinnock, Brian, additional, Beiser, David G., additional, Faine, Brett, additional, Haran, John P., additional, Nandi, Utsav, additional, Chipman, Anne K., additional, LoVecchio, Frank, additional, Eucker, Stephanie, additional, Femling, Jon, additional, Fuller, Matthew, additional, Rothman, Richard E., additional, Curlin, Marcel E., additional, Talan, David A., additional, Mohr, Nicholas M., additional, Watts, Christopher, additional, McCullough, Matthew, additional, Nyanseor, Sankan, additional, Licherdell, Erin, additional, Peebles, Alexander, additional, Nadle, Joelle, additional, Johnston, Helen, additional, Brackney, Monica, additional, Fridkin, Scott, additional, Marceaux-Galli, Kaytlynn, additional, Lynfield, Ruth, additional, Pierce, Rebecca, additional, Keipp Talbot, H., additional, Tozloski, Jillian, additional, Hashimoto, Dean M., additional, Bahamon, Monica, additional, Krebs, Elizabeth, additional, Stubbs, Amy M., additional, Huber, Michelle, additional, Crosby, James C., additional, Roy, Sara, additional, Volturo, Gregory, additional, Galbraith, James, additional, Fuentes, Megan, additional, Smith, Jennifer, additional, Olivia Hopkins, Leslie, additional, Stuppy, Joseph, additional, Dashler, Gaby, additional, and Wahedi, Mastura, additional

Published
2023
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32. Use of Updated COVID-19 Vaccines 2023–2024 Formula for Persons Aged ≥6 Months: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, September 2023

Author

Regan, Joanna J., primary, Moulia, Danielle L., additional, Link-Gelles, Ruth, additional, Godfrey, Monica, additional, Mak, Josephine, additional, Najdowski, Morgan, additional, Rosenblum, Hannah G., additional, Shah, Melisa M., additional, Twentyman, Evelyn, additional, Meyer, Sarah, additional, Peacock, Georgina, additional, Thornburg, Natalie, additional, Havers, Fiona P., additional, Saydah, Sharon, additional, Brooks, Oliver, additional, Talbot, H. Keipp, additional, Lee, Grace M., additional, Bell, Beth P., additional, Mahon, Barbara E., additional, Daley, Matthew F., additional, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., additional, and Wallace, Megan, additional

Published
2023
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33. Effectiveness of a Messenger RNA Vaccine Booster Dose Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 Among US Healthcare Personnel, October 2021–July 2022

Author

Plumb, Ian D, primary, Mohr, Nicholas M, additional, Hagen, Melissa, additional, Wiegand, Ryan, additional, Dumyati, Ghinwa, additional, Harland, Karisa K, additional, Krishnadasan, Anusha, additional, Gist, Jade James, additional, Abedi, Glen, additional, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E, additional, Chea, Nora, additional, Lee, Jane, additional, Barter, Devra, additional, Brackney, Monica, additional, Fridkin, Scott K, additional, Wilson, Lucy E, additional, Lovett, Sara A, additional, Ocampo, Valerie, additional, Phipps, Erin C, additional, Marcus, Tiffanie M, additional, Smithline, Howard A, additional, Hou, Peter C, additional, Lee, Lilly C, additional, Moran, Gregory J, additional, Krebs, Elizabeth, additional, Steele, Mark T, additional, Lim, Stephen C, additional, Schrading, Walter A, additional, Chinnock, Brian, additional, Beiser, David G, additional, Faine, Brett, additional, Haran, John P, additional, Nandi, Utsav, additional, Chipman, Anne K, additional, LoVecchio, Frank, additional, Talan, David A, additional, and Pilishvili, Tamara, additional

Published
2023
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34. Reply to Mercuro et al

Author

Kabbani, Sarah, Hersh, Adam L., Shapiro, Daniel J., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Pavia, Andrew T., and Hicks, Lauri A.

Published
2018

36. Preliminary Estimates of Effectiveness of Monovalent mRNA Vaccines in Preventing Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children Aged 3-5 Years--Increasing Community Access to Testing Program, United States, July 2022-February 2023

Author

Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Ciesla, Allison Avrich, Roper, Lauren E., Smith, Zachary R., Miller, Joseph D., Accorsi, Emma K., Verani, Jennifer R., Shang, Nong, Derado, Gordana, Wiegand, Ryan E., Pilishvili, Tamara, Britton, Amadea, and Link-Gelles, Ruth

Subjects
Pfizer Inc., Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Messenger RNA, Infection, Vaccines, Pharmaceutical industry, Health
Abstract

On June 18, 2022, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued interim recommendations for use of the 2-dose monovalent Moderna COVID-19 vaccine as a primary series for children aged [...]

Published
2023

37. Early Estimates of Bivalent mRNA Booster Dose Vaccine Effectiveness in Preventing Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection Attributable to Omicron BA.5-- and XBB/XBB.1.5--Related Sublineages Among Immunocompetent Adults-- Increasing Community Access to Testing Program, United States, December 2022-January 2023

Author

Link-Gelles, Ruth, Ciesla, Allison Avrich, Roper, Lauren E., Scobie, Heather M., Ali, Akilah R., Miller, Joseph D., Wiegand, Ryan E., Accorsi, Emma K., Verani, Jennifer R., Shang, Nong, Derado, Gordana, Britton, Amadea, Smith, Zachary R., and Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.

Subjects
Medical research -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Health aspects, Vaccination -- Health aspects, Messenger RNA -- Health aspects, Adults -- Health aspects, Vaccines -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

On January 25, 2023, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineage XBB was first detected in the United States [...]

Published
2023

38. Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA Vaccines in Preventing Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection--Increasing Community Access to Testing Program, United States, September-November 2022

Author

Link-Gelles, Ruth, Ciesla, Allison Avrich, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Smith, Zachary R., Britton, Amadea, Wiegand, Ryan E., Miller, Joseph D., Accorsi, Emma K., Schrag, Stephanie J., Verani, Jennifer R., Shang, Nong, Derado, Gordana, and Pilishvili, Tamara

Subjects
Messenger RNA, Drug approval, Vaccines, Health
Abstract

On November 22, 2022, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). On September 1, 2022, bivalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, composed of components from [...]

Published
2022

39. Use of Nirsevimab for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Among Infants and Young Children: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2023

Author

Jones, Jefferson M., primary, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., additional, Prill, Mila M., additional, Roper, Lauren E., additional, Brooks, Oliver, additional, Sánchez, Pablo J., additional, Kotton, Camille N., additional, Mahon, Barbara E., additional, Meyer, Sarah, additional, Long, Sarah S., additional, and McMorrow, Meredith L., additional

Published
2023
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40. Effectiveness of Monovalent and Bivalent mRNA Vaccines in Preventing COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters Among Children Aged 6 Months–5 Years — VISION Network, United States, July 2022–June 2023

Author

Link-Gelles, Ruth, primary, Ciesla, Allison Avrich, additional, Rowley, Elizabeth A.K., additional, Klein, Nicola P., additional, Naleway, Allison L., additional, Payne, Amanda B., additional, Kharbanda, Anupam, additional, Natarajan, Karthik, additional, DeSilva, Malini B., additional, Dascomb, Kristin, additional, Irving, Stephanie A., additional, Zerbo, Ousseny, additional, Reese, Sarah E., additional, Wiegand, Ryan E., additional, Najdowski, Morgan, additional, Ong, Toan C., additional, Rao, Suchitra, additional, Stockwell, Melissa S., additional, Stephens, Ashley, additional, Goddard, Kristin, additional, Martinez, Yessica C., additional, Weber, Zachary A., additional, Fireman, Bruce, additional, Hansen, John, additional, Timbol, Julius, additional, Grannis, Shaun J., additional, Barron, Michelle A., additional, Embi, Peter J., additional, Ball, Sarah W., additional, Gaglani, Manjusha, additional, Grisel, Nancy, additional, Arndorfer, Julie, additional, Tenforde, Mark W., additional, and Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., additional

Published
2023
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41. Safety and Effectiveness of Maternal COVID-19 Vaccines Among Pregnant People and Infants

Author

Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., primary, Zauche, Lauren Head, additional, Roper, Lauren E., additional, Ellington, Sascha R., additional, Olson, Christine K., additional, Sharma, Andrea J., additional, Woodworth, Kate R., additional, Tepper, Naomi, additional, Havers, Fiona, additional, Oliver, Sara E., additional, Twentyman, Evelyn, additional, and Jatlaoui, Tara C., additional

Published
2023
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42. Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Vaccine-Eligible US Children Under-5 Years Hospitalized for Acute COVID-19 in a National Network

Author

Zambrano, Laura D., Newhams, Margaret M., Simeone, Regina M., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Halasa, Natasha, Wu, Michael, Orzel-Lockwood, Amber O., Kamidani, Satoshi, Pannaraj, Pia S., Chiotos, Kathleen, Cameron, Melissa A., Maddux, Aline B., Schuster, Jennifer E., Crandall, Hillary, Kong, Michele, Nofziger, Ryan A., Staat, Mary A., Bhumbra, Samina S., Irby, Katherine, Boom, Julie A., Sahni, Leila C., Hume, Janet R., Gertz, Shira J., Maamari, Mia, Bowens, Cindy, Levy, Emily R., Bradford, Tamara T., Walker, Tracie C., Schwartz, Stephanie P., Mack, Elizabeth H., Guzman-Cottrill, Judith A., Hobbs, Charlotte V., Zinter, Matt S., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Bline, Katherine E., Hymes, Saul R., Campbell, Angela P., and Randolph, Adrienne G.

Published
2024
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43. Interim Recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for the Use of Bivalent Booster Doses of COVID-19 Vaccines--United States, October 2022

Author

Rosenblum, Hannah G., Wallace, Megan, Godfrey, Monica, Roper, Lauren E., Hall, Elisha, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Link-Gelles, Ruth, Pilishvili, Tamara, Williams, Jennifer, Moulia, Danielle L., Brooks, Oliver, Talbot, H. Keipp, Lee, Grace M., Bell, Beth P., Daley, Matthew F., Meyer, Sarah, Oliver, Sara E., and Twentyman, Evelyn

Subjects
United States. Food and Drug Administration, United States. Department of Health and Human Services, Pfizer Inc., Vaccination -- Usage, RNA -- Usage, Vaccines -- Usage, Health
Abstract

Four COVID-19 vaccines are currently approved for primary series vaccination in the United States under a Biologics License Application or authorized under an emergency use authorization (EUA) by the Food [...]

Published
2022

45. Interim Recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of the Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine in Persons Aged [greater than or equal to] 18 years--United States, July 2022

Author

Twentyman, Evelyn, Wallace, Megan, Roper, Lauren E., Anderson, Tara C., Rubis, Amy B., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Hall, Elisha, Hsu, Joy, Rosenblum, Hannah G., Godfrey, Monica, Archer, W. Roodly, Moulia, Danielle L., Daniel, Laura, Brooks, Oliver, Talbot, H. Keipp, Lee, Grace M., Bell, Beth P., Daley, Matthew, Meyer, Sarah, and Oliver, Sara E.

Subjects
United States. Food and Drug Administration, United States. Department of Health and Human Services, Vaccines -- Usage, Health
Abstract

The NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax) COVID-19 vaccine is a recombinant spike (rS) protein nanoparticle vaccine with Matrix-M adjuvant to protect against infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. On July 13, [...]

Published
2022

46. Interim Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccines in Children Aged 6 Months-5 Years--United States, June 2022

Author

Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Wallace, Megan, Moulia, Danielle L., Twentyman, Evelyn, Roper, Lauren E., Hall, Elisha, Link-Gelles, Ruth, Godfrey, Monica, Woodworth, Kate R., Anderson, Tara C., Rubis, Amy B., Shanley, Edwin, III, Jones, Jefferson M., Morgan, Rebecca L., Brooks, Oliver, Talbot, H. Keipp, Lee, Grace M., Bell, Beth P., Daley, Matthew, Meyer, Sarah, and Oliver, Sara E.

Subjects
United States. Food and Drug Administration, United States. Department of Health and Human Services, Pfizer Inc., Children's furniture -- Usage, Vaccines -- Usage, Pharmaceutical industry -- Usage, Health
Abstract

On June 28, 2022, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). On June 17, 2022, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued Emergency [...]

Published
2022

47. Effectiveness of Booster Doses of Monovalent mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Against Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children, Adolescents, and Adults During Omicron Subvariant BA.2/BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/BA.5 Predominant Periods

Author

Ciesla, Allison Avrich, primary, Wiegand, Ryan E, additional, Smith, Zachary R, additional, Britton, Amadea, additional, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E, additional, Miller, Joseph, additional, Accorsi, Emma K, additional, Verani, Jennifer R, additional, Shang, Nong, additional, Derado, Gordana, additional, Pilishvili, Tamara, additional, and Link-Gelles, Ruth, additional

Published
2023
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48. Effectiveness of BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination in Children and Adolescents

Author

Klein, Nicola P., primary, Demarco, Maria, additional, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., additional, Stockwell, Melissa S., additional, Kharbanda, Anupam B., additional, Gaglani, Manjusha, additional, Rao, Suchitra, additional, Lewis, Ned, additional, Irving, Stephanie A., additional, Hartmann, Emily, additional, Natarajan, Karthik, additional, Dalton, Alexandra F., additional, Zerbo, Ousseny, additional, DeSilva, Malini B., additional, Konatham, Deepika, additional, Stenehjem, Edward, additional, Rowley, Elizabeth A. K., additional, Ong, Toan C., additional, Grannis, Shaun J., additional, Sloan-Aagard, Chantel, additional, Han, Jungmi, additional, Verani, Jennifer R, additional, Raiyani, Chandni, additional, Dascomb, Kristin, additional, Reese, Sarah E., additional, Barron, Michelle A., additional, Fadel, William F., additional, Naleway, Allison L., additional, Nanez, Juan, additional, Dickerson, Monica, additional, Goddard, Kristin, additional, Murthy, Kempapura, additional, Grisel, Nancy, additional, Weber, Zacharay A., additional, Dixon, Brian E., additional, Patel, Palak, additional, Fireman, Bruce, additional, Arndorfer, Julie, additional, Valvi, Nimish R., additional, Griggs, Eric P., additional, Hallowell, Carly, additional, Embi, Peter J., additional, Ball, Sarah W., additional, Thompson, Mark G., additional, Tenforde, Mark W., additional, and Link-Gelles, Ruth, additional

Published
2023
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50. Presence of Symptoms 6 Weeks After COVID-19 Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated US Healthcare Personnel: A Prospective Cohort Study

Author

Mohr, Nicholas M., Plumb, Ian D., Harland, Kari K., Pilishvili, Tamara, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Krishnadasan, Anusha, Hoth, Karin F., Saydah, Sharon H., Mankoff, Zachary, Haran, John P., Briggs-Hagen, Melissa, León, Eliezer Santos, Talan, David A., Mohr, Nicholas M., Plumb, Ian D., Harland, Kari K., Pilishvili, Tamara, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Krishnadasan, Anusha, Hoth, Karin F., Saydah, Sharon H., Mankoff, Zachary, Haran, John P., Briggs-Hagen, Melissa, León, Eliezer Santos, and Talan, David A.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Although COVID-19 vaccines offer protection against infection and severe disease, there is limited information on the effect of vaccination on prolonged symptoms following COVID-19. Our objective was to determine differences in prevalence of prolonged symptoms 6 weeks after onset of COVID-19 among healthcare personnel (HCP) by vaccination status, and to assess differences in timing of return to work. DESIGN: Cohort analysis of HCP with COVID-19 enrolled in a multicentre vaccine effectiveness study. HCP with COVID-19 between December 2020 and August 2021 were followed up 6 weeks after illness onset. SETTING: Health systems in 12 US states. PARTICIPANTS: HCP participating in a vaccine effectiveness study were eligible for inclusion if they had laboratory-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA vaccination (symptom onset ≥14 days after two doses) or no prior vaccination. Among 681 eligible participants, 419 (61%) completed a follow-up survey to assess symptoms reported 6 weeks after illness onset. EXPOSURES: Two doses of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine compared with no COVID-19 vaccine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of symptoms 6 weeks after onset of COVID-19 illness and days to return to work. RESULTS: Among 419 HCP with COVID-19, 298 (71%) reported one or more COVID-like symptoms 6 weeks after illness onset, with a lower prevalence among vaccinated participants compared with unvaccinated participants (60.6% vs 79.1%; adjusted risk ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.84). Following their illness, vaccinated HCP returned to work a median 2.0 days (95% CI 1.0 to 3.0) sooner than unvaccinated HCP (adjusted HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.79). CONCLUSIONS: Receipt of two doses of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine among HCP with COVID-19 illness was associated with decreased prevalence of COVID-like symptoms at 6 weeks and earlier return to work.

Published
2023

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