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155 results on '"Flanagan, Judith"'

1. TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of nutrition on the ocular surface

Author

Markoulli, Maria, Ahmad, Sumayya, Arcot, Jayashree, Arita, Reiko, Benitez-del-Castillo, Jose, Caffery, Barbara, Downie, Laura E., Edwards, Katie, Flanagan, Judith, Labetoulle, Marc, Misra, Stuti L., Mrugacz, Malgorzata, Singh, Sumeer, Sheppard, John, Vehof, Jelle, Versura, Piera, Willcox, Mark D.P., Ziemanski, Jillian, and Wolffsohn, James S.

Published
2023
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12. Dry eye disease: an (in)convenient truth.

Author

Tavakoli, Azadeh and Flanagan, Judith Louise

Subjects
*DRY eye syndromes, *PREVENTIVE medicine, *EVIDENCE-based management, *BIOSPHERE, *PATIENT participation, *FOOD preservation, *NUTRITIONISTS, *CHRONIC diseases
Abstract

The salient rise of chronic disease from the mid-twentieth century threatens to overwhelm public health systems in an increasing number of countries and is now considered an epidemic. Dry eye disease is an underappreciated disorder that bears all the hallmarks of chronic disease. Preventative health care seeks improved and sustainable patient engagement in the self-management of health to limit the progress and extent of chronic disease. Anthropogenic environments engendering lifestyles and behaviours that can be detrimental to human health, can be considered as direct or indirect threats to successful preventative health strategies. Chronic disease can be viewed as the result of physiological responses of the human body to the modern environment. The quest for an increasingly convenient, global, and disease-free lifestyle is ironically threatening to undo the gains in health and quality of life made over the last one hundred years. Considering dry eye disease as an anthropogenic chronic disease, contributions of diet (food and beverages consumed) and nutrition (extending to relationships with self, community, and nature) to development of dry eye disease are explored in this review. Evidence of environmental and behavioural instigators of chronic disease with an emphasis on production, disbursement, and preservation of food, is presented. Furthermore, evidence of traditional food practices that offer resistance to the development of chronic systemic inflammatory disorders are reviewed as an exemplar of potential strategies that can be put into practice by individuals and communities to reinstate a balanced life, community and planet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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13. The validity of point of care tear film osmometers in the diagnosis of dry eye.

Author

Tavakoli, Azadeh, Markoulli, Maria, Flanagan, Judith, and Papas, Eric

Subjects
POINT-of-care testing, EYE diseases, DRY eye syndromes, DIAGNOSIS, MEASUREMENT errors, OSMOLAR concentration
Abstract

Purpose: To determine the repeatability of TearLab and I‐PEN osmometers in vivo and their accuracy in vitro. Design: Prospective, single‐visit study. Methods: The tear osmolarity of 28 participants was evaluated with TearLab and I‐PEN on two occasions in random order, over a 2‐h period. Both eyes were measured in a randomised order. Coefficients of repeatability (CoR) were determined for each device, together with the bias and limits of agreement between them. For the in vitro experiment, the osmolarity was measured by both osmometers in five solutions (290, 297, 342, 338 and 383 mOsm/L) at two different temperatures (22 and 37°C) with a total of four consecutive measures. Results: The CoRs for the TearLab and I‐PEN in the right and left eyes were 26.2, 21.3, 33.6 and 28.3 mOsm/L, respectively. Across the first and second repeats, TearLab showed consistency of diagnosis for 50% of participants with 29% as dry eye positive, while I‐PEN indicated 68% consistency of diagnosis with 57% dry eye positive. The instruments agreed on the diagnosis in 46.5% of cases. In vitro comparison showed that the average measurement errors for TearLab and I‐PEN were −10 ± 13 and 31 ± 39 mOsm/L at 22°C, and 4 ± 13 and 20 ± 51 mOsm/L at 37°C. Conclusions: In vitro, both instruments showed reasonable accuracy and repeatability at mid‐range osmolarities, but repeatability generally declined at higher and lower levels. While TearLab accuracy remained consistent across the osmolarity range, measurement errors for I‐PEN noticeably increased outside the mid‐range. In vivo, both instruments displayed poor repeatability. This casts doubt on the value of utilising either instrument to establish osmolarity as a factor in the diagnosis of dry‐eye, according to currently recommended diagnostic guidelines (TFOS DEWS II), if only a single measurement is taken from each eye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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17. Role of carnitine in disease

Author

Flanagan Judith L, Simmons Peter A, Vehige Joseph, Willcox Mark DP, and Garrett Qian

Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Carnitine is a conditionally essential nutrient that plays a vital role in energy production and fatty acid metabolism. Vegetarians possess a greater bioavailability than meat eaters. Distinct deficiencies arise either from genetic mutation of carnitine transporters or in association with other disorders such as liver or kidney disease. Carnitine deficiency occurs in aberrations of carnitine regulation in disorders such as diabetes, sepsis, cardiomyopathy, malnutrition, cirrhosis, endocrine disorders and with aging. Nutritional supplementation of L-carnitine, the biologically active form of carnitine, is ameliorative for uremic patients, and can improve nerve conduction, neuropathic pain and immune function in diabetes patients while it is life-saving for patients suffering primary carnitine deficiency. Clinical application of carnitine holds much promise in a range of neural disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, hepatic encephalopathy and other painful neuropathies. Topical application in dry eye offers osmoprotection and modulates immune and inflammatory responses. Carnitine has been recognized as a nutritional supplement in cardiovascular disease and there is increasing evidence that carnitine supplementation may be beneficial in treating obesity, improving glucose intolerance and total energy expenditure.

Published
2010
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18. Analysis of indications for referral to a multidisciplinary medical genetics clinic: implications for training programs in obstetrics and gynecology

Author

Bombard, Allan T., Rigdon, David T., Bartholemew, Dennis W., and Flanagan, Judith C.

Subjects
Birth defects -- Genetic aspects, Medical genetics -- Study and teaching, Genetic counseling -- Services, Chromosome abnormalities -- Genetic aspects, Genetic disorders -- Prevention, Health
Abstract

Modern techniques of genetic analysis make it possible for rational decisions to be made where once only chance ruled. These new opportunities for decision making on the part of prospective parents require the availability of genetic counseling services. The US Air Force Medical Center Keesler has a complete cytogenetic laboratory, and is staffed by personnel qualified in clinical genetics, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics. The experience of the Center is especially valuable in that patients are drawn from a wide geographical area. In an analysis of 1,237 patients, the greatest single reason for referral was increased risk of genetic abnormalities, representing 48 percent of all genetic counseling referrals. Developmental consultations for risks such as neural tube defects, cleft palate, and epilepsy, which in general are not attributable to a single gene or chromosome defect, accounted for 20 percent of the referrals. Single gene defects accounted for 17 percent of the total. Although the frequency of most individual single gene defects is low, there are a great many which must be considered. Examples are Marfan syndrome, hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, Huntington's disease, and sickle-cell anemia. Prenatal exposure to teratogens, substances which may cause harm to the developing embryo and fetus, accounted for 5 percent of the total number of referrals. The remainder of the cases were miscellaneous genetic consultations in which there may have been a history of abnormal births, but where there was no definitive diagnosis or known cause. At the Keesler Center, medical students, third year obstetric residents, and the majority of pediatrics residents spend at least four weeks on the genetics service, which provides an excellent opportunity for broadening residency training. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

19. Transport of L-carnitine in human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells

Author

Xu, Shunjiang, Flanagan, Judith L., Simmons, Peter A., Vehige, Joseph, Willcox, Mark D., and Garrett, Qian

Subjects
Time Factors, Amino Acid Transport Systems, Organic Cation Transport Proteins, Symporters, Sodium, Epithelium, Corneal, Temperature, Biological Transport, Epithelial Cells, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Norbornanes, Antibodies, Cell Line, Kinetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Carnitine, Cations, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5, Conjunctiva, Research Article
Abstract

Purpose Previously we demonstrated expression and localization of carnitine/organic cation transporters, OCTN1 and OCTN2, in human corneal and conjunctival epithelia. The present study aimed to examine the characteristics of L-carnitine transporters in cultured human limbal corneal (HCLE) and conjunctival epithelial (HCjE) cells. Methods Time-course, Na+-dependence, kinetics, energy- and pH- dependence of L-carnitine transport were investigated by monitoring L-[3H]carnitine uptake into HCLE and HCjE cells. To determine the specificity of action, competition and inhibition studies were performed. Results The uptake of L-carnitine into HCLE and HCjE cells was saturable and time-dependent. An Eadie-Hofstee plot showed two distinct components: a high- and a low- affinity carnitine transport system in HCLE and/or HCjE cells. L-carnitine transport was significantly inhibited by the metabolic inhibitors (sodium azide, dinitrophenol, iodoacetic acid). The L-carnitine analogs (D-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine and γ-butyrobetaine), tetraethylammonium (TEA), 2-amino-2-norbornane carboxylic acid (BCH), strongly inhibited uptake of L-[3H]carnitine. Uptake of L-[3H]carnitine also required the presence of Na+ in the external medium and the uptake activity was maximal at pH 5.5. The anti-OCTN2 antibody blocked L-carnitine uptake in both HCLE and HCjE cells whereas the anti-OCTN1 antibody did not significantly block L-carnitine uptake. Conclusions L-carnitine is transported into HCLE and HCjE cells by an active carrier mediated transport system that is time-, Na+-, energy- and pH- dependent. The carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN2 appears to play a dominant role in this process.

Published
2010

20. The role of optometrists in India: An integral part of an eye health team

Author

Berwal, Rajbir, Cui, Yu, Daniel, Vinod, De Souza, Neilsen, Flanagan, Judith, Looi, Stephanie, Paudel, Prakash, Shinde, Lakshmi, Kumar, Krishna, Wadhwa, Rajesh, and Holden, Brien

Subjects
India -- Health aspects, Blindness -- Care and treatment, Optometrists -- Training -- Services -- Human resource management, Clinics -- Services -- Human resource management, Company personnel management, Health
Abstract

Byline: Rajbir. Berwal, Yu. Cui, Vinod. Daniel, Neilsen. De Souza, Judith. Flanagan, Stephanie. Looi, Prakash. Paudel, Lakshmi. Shinde, Krishna. Kumar, Rajesh. Wadhwa, Brien. Holden India has a proud tradition of [...]

Published
2012

27. Polymorphisms in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion protein, PcrV – Implications for anti-PcrV immunotherapy

Author

Lynch, Susan V., primary, Flanagan, Judith L., additional, Sawa, Teiji, additional, Fang, Alice, additional, Baek, Marshall S., additional, Rubio-Mills, Amua, additional, Ajayi, Temitayo, additional, Yanagihara, Katsunori, additional, Hirakata, Yoichi, additional, Kohno, Shigeru, additional, Misset, Benoit, additional, Nguyen, Jean-Claude, additional, and Wiener-Kronish, Jeanine P., additional

Published
2010
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34. Increased Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Concentrations in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Are Associated with Increased Mortality in a Cohort of Patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Author

Song, Yuanlin, primary, Lynch, Susan V., additional, Flanagan, Judith, additional, Zhuo, Hanjing, additional, Tom, Wynnson, additional, Dotson, Rachel H., additional, Baek, Marshall S., additional, Rubio-Mills, Amua, additional, Singh, Gaurav, additional, Kipnis, Eric, additional, Glidden, David, additional, Brown, Ron, additional, Garcia, Oscar, additional, and Wiener-Kronish, Jeanine P., additional

Published
2007
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45. Guidelines for Evaluation of Patients at Risk for Inherited Breast and Ovarian Cancer: Recommendations of the Department of Defense Familial Breast/Ovarian Cancer Research Project

Author

Fries, Melissa H., primary, Holt, Charlene, additional, Carpenter, Isabelle, additional, Carter, Cindy L., additional, Daniels, Jamelyn, additional, Flanagan, Judith, additional, Murphy, Kay, additional, Hailey, B. Jo, additional, Martin, Laura, additional, Hume, Roderick, additional, Hudson, Gracia, additional, Cadman, Mary, additional, Weatherly, Ronald, additional, and Nunes, Mark E., additional

Published
2002
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46. Diagnostic Criteria for Testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2: The Experience of the Department of Defense Familial Breast/Ovarian Cancer Research Project

Author

Fries, Melissa H., primary, Holt, Charlene, additional, Carpenter, Isabelle, additional, Carter, Cindy L., additional, Daniels, Jamelyn, additional, Flanagan, Judith, additional, Murphy, Kay, additional, Hailey, B. Jo, additional, Martin, Laura, additional, Hume, Roderick, additional, Hudson, Gracia, additional, Cadman, Mary, additional, Weatherly, Ronald, additional, and Nunes, Mark E., additional

Published
2002
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50. Automated polymerase chain reaction for papillomavirus screening of cervicovaginal lavages: Comparison with dot-blot hybridization in a sexually transmitted diseases clinic population

Author

Morris, Brian J., primary, Rose, Barbara R., additional, Flanagan, Judith L., additional, McKinnon, Kay J., additional, Loo, Cheen Y., additional, Thompson, Carol H., additional, Flampoulidou, Mary, additional, Ford, Robert M., additional, Hunter, J. Christopher, additional, Nightingale, Brian N., additional, and Cossart, Yvonne E., additional

Published
1990
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