6 results on '"Flaibani N"'
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2. El diseño arquitectónico del espacio urbano y su influencia en las comunidades de parásitos entéricos en dos áreas de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires con diferente dinámica de circulación de mascotas
- Author
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Duré, F., Flaibani, N., Romero, M.C., and Garbossa, G.
- Subjects
Intestinal parasites ,Muestras ambientales ,Parasite communities ,Host mobility ,Enteroparásitos ,Barreras arquitectónicas urbanas ,Environmental samples ,Urban barriers ,Salud ,Libertad de movimiento de animales domésticos ,Comunidad de parásitos - Abstract
Las excretas de mascotas constituyen un factor de riesgo para la transmisión urbana de zoonosis parasitarias. La abundancia de excretas depende del número de animales, de la posibilidad de acceso y el uso de distintos espacios urbanos. En plazas y parques públicos los animales deambulan acompañados por personas; en parques y jardines privados, el acceso y circulación está restringido a aquellos animales cuyos dueños habitan en el predio. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si las barreras artificiales antropogénicas, condicionantes del tránsito de animales, limitan la dispersión de enteroparásitos. En áreas con desplazamiento restringido (BPLA) y con circulación libre (PP), fueron colectadas heces (BPLA: n=39; PP: n=50) y suelo (BPLA: n=20; PP: n=20) y procesadas por métodos convencionales. La frecuencia de especies en cada ambiente y para cada tipo de muestra fue comparada por el test de Diferencia de Proporciones. Las diferencias entre el número de especies parasitarias en cada matriz ambiental fueron establecidas con el test de Mann-Whitney (alfa=0,05). La similitud de las comunidades fue determinada con el Índice cualitativo de Sorensen (ICS). La proporción de muestras positivas en BPLA fue mayor que en PP (Tierra: 1,0 vs. 0,70; p, The presence of canine and feline faeces is a known risk factor for the transmission of zoonotic parasitoses. Their dispersion is tightly linked to the mobility of its hosts and their capability of contaminating such environments with faecal matter, and the latter will be clearly influenced by the ability of entering and exiting such area. Different uses of the urban space where the hosts inhabit may affect precisely that aptitude. It was hypothesized that certain artificial barriers created by urban settings, such as walls and fences, could limit the dispersion of parasitoses as they would limit the mobility of their hosts. The objective of this study was to determine if there were any differences between the communities of intestinal parasites found in excreta and soil samples within two bordering areas, one with restricted circulation (BPLA) and another one without such restrictions (PP). Faecal (BPLA: n=39; PP: n=50) and soil (BPLA: n=20; PP: n=20) samples were collected, processed according to the Willis and the Bacigalupo–Rivero techniques, and diagnosed by optical microscopy of fresh smears, lugol, Kinyoun and modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain. In order to establish statistical differences between the frequencies for all parasite species found in either environment for each sample type, the two populations‟ Difference in Proportions Test was performed. To assess communities‟ similarity, the Sorensen index was utilized and to determine if there were differences between the number of different species per sample the Mann–Whitney test was applied. Statistical differences were found in the total frequency of faeces and soil samples positive for any parasitic form, being higher in BPLA in both cases (p, En "Documentos relacionados" se encuentra el link para acceder a la versión en inglés del artículo., Asociación Parasitológica Argentina
- Published
- 2013
3. The architectural design of urban space and its influence in the communities of parasites in two areas of Buenos Aires City with different circulation dynamic of companion animals
- Author
-
Duré, F., Flaibani, N., Romero, M. C., and Garbossa, G.
- Subjects
Intestinal parasites ,Movilidad del hospedador ,Muestras ambientales ,Parasite communities ,Host mobility ,Environmental samples ,Parásitos intestinales ,Salud ,Arquitectura urbana ,Urban architecture ,Comunidad de parásitos - Abstract
Las excretas de mascotas constituyen un factor de riesgo para la transmisión urbana de zoonosis parasitarias. La abundancia de excretas depende del número de animales, de la posibilidad de acceso y el uso de distintos espacios urbanos. En plazas y parques públicos los animales deambulan acompañados por personas; en parques y jardines privados, el acceso y circulación está restringido a aquellos animales cuyos dueños habitan en el predio. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si las barreras artificiales antropogénicas, condicionantes del tránsito de animales, limitan la dispersión de enteroparásitos. En áreas con desplazamiento restringido (BPLA) y con circulación libre (PP), fueron colectadas heces (BPLA: n=39; PP: n=50) y suelo (BPLA: n=20; PP: n=20) y procesadas por métodos convencionales. La frecuencia de especies en cada ambiente y para cada tipo de muestra fue comparada por el test de Diferencia de Proporciones. Las diferencias entre el número de especies parasitarias en cada matriz ambiental fueron establecidas con el test de Mann-Whitney (alfa=0,05). La similitud de las comunidades fue determinada con el Índice cualitativo de Sorensen (ICS). La proporción de muestras positivas en BPLA fue mayor que en PP (Tierra: 1,0 vs. 0,70; p, The presence of canine and feline faeces is a known risk factor for the transmission of zoonotic parasitoses. Their dispersion is tightly linked to the mobility of its hosts and their capability of contaminating such environments with faecal matter, and the latter will be clearly influenced by the ability of entering and exiting such area. Different uses of the urban space where the hosts inhabit may affect precisely that aptitude. It was hypothesized that certain artificial barriers created by urban settings, such as walls and fences, could limit the dispersion of parasitoses as they would limit the mobility of their hosts. The objective of this study was to determine if there were any differences between the communities of intestinal parasites found in excreta and soil samples within two bordering areas, one with restricted circulation (BPLA) and another one without such restrictions (PP). Faecal (BPLA: n=39; PP: n=50) and soil (BPLA: n=20; PP: n=20) samples were collected, processed according to the Willis and the Bacigalupo–Rivero techniques, and diagnosed by optical microscopy of fresh smears, lugol, Kinyoun and modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain. In order to establish statistical differences between the frequencies for all parasite species found in either environment for each sample type, the two populations‟ Difference in Proportions Test was performed. To assess communities‟ similarity, the Sorensen index was utilized and to determine if there were differences between the number of different species per sample the Mann–Whitney test was applied. Statistical differences were found in the total frequency of faeces and soil samples positive for any parasitic form, being higher in BPLA in both cases (p, En "Documentos relacionados" se encuentra el link para acceder a la versión en español del artículo., Asociación Parasitológica Argentina
- Published
- 2013
4. The relationship between morphology and flight in Drosophila: a study of two pairs of sibling species from a natural population.
- Author
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Flaibani N, Ortiz VE, Fanara JJ, and Carreira VP
- Subjects
- Animals, Male, Female, Sex Characteristics, Species Specificity, Drosophila melanogaster anatomy & histology, Drosophila melanogaster physiology, Flight, Animal, Drosophila anatomy & histology, Drosophila physiology, Drosophila genetics, Wings, Animal anatomy & histology
- Abstract
Insect flight is a complex trait involved in different behaviors, from the search for sexual partners, food, or breeding sites. Many studies have postulated the adaptive advantages of certain morphological traits in relation to increased flight capacity, such as low values of wing loading or high values of wing:thorax ratio and wing-aspect ratio. However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between variables related to flight and morphological traits in Drosophila. This work aimed to study morphological traits in males and females of two pairs of sibling species: Drosophila buzzatii Patterson and Wheeler-Drosophila koeferae Fontdevila and Wasserman, and Drosophila melanogaster Meigen-Drosophila simulans Sturtevant, and to analyze its relationship with flight. We detected the highest proportion of flight time in D. koepferae and D. simulans compared to D. buzzatii and D. melanogaster, respectively. Our results also revealed sexual dimorphism, with males exhibiting a higher proportion of flight time than females. Surprisingly, we did not find a general pattern to explain the relationship between morphology and the proportion of flight time because associations varied depending upon the analyses (considering all groups together or each sex-species combination separately). Moreover, these associations explained a low percentage of variation, suggesting that other nonmorphological components related to flight, such as physiological variables, should be taken into account. This work allowed us to show the variability and complexity of an aspect of flight, suggesting that the adaptive role of the morphological traits studied might have been overestimated., (© 2023 Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Contrasting levels of genotype by environment interaction for life history and morphological traits in invasive populations of Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae).
- Author
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Lavagnino NJ, Imberti M, Ortiz VE, Flaibani N, and Fanara JJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Argentina, Drosophilidae anatomy & histology, Drosophilidae genetics, Drosophilidae growth & development, Genotype, Introduced Species, Larva anatomy & histology, Larva genetics, Larva growth & development, Larva physiology, Adaptation, Physiological, Drosophilidae physiology, Gene-Environment Interaction, Life History Traits
- Abstract
It has been demonstrated that phenotypic plasticity and genotype by environment interaction are important for coping with new and heterogeneous environments during invasions. Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an Afrotropical invasive fly species introduced to the South American continent in 1999. This species is generalist and polyphagous, since it develops and feeds in several different fruit species. These characteristics of Z. indianus suggest that phenotypic plasticity and genotype by environment interaction may be important in this species invasion process. In this sense, our aim was to investigate the role of genetic variation for phenotypic plasticity (genotype by environment interaction) in Z. indianus invasion of the South American continent. Specifically, we quantified quantitative genetic variation and genotype by environment interactions of morphological and life history traits in different developmental environments, that is, host fruits. This was done in different populations in the invasive range of Z. indianus in Argentina. Results showed that Z. indianus populations have considerable amounts of quantitative genetic variation. Also, genotype by environment interactions was detected for the different traits analyzed in response to the different developmental environments. Interestingly, the amounts and patterns of these parameters differed between populations. We interpreted these results as the existence of differences in evolutionary potential between populations that have an important role in the short- and long-term success of the Z. indianus invasion process., (© 2019 Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Different approaches to characterize artificial breeding sites of Aedes aegypti using generalized linear mixed models.
- Author
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Flaibani N, Pérez AA, Barbero IM, and Burroni NE
- Subjects
- Animals, Argentina, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dengue parasitology, Ecosystem, Housing, Humans, Linear Models, Urban Population, Aedes physiology, Breeding, Water Microbiology
- Abstract
Background: As no globally accepted dengue vaccines or specific antiviral therapies are currently available, controlling breeding sites of Aedes aegypti is a target to prevent dengue outbreaks. The present study aimed to characterize outdoor artificial breeding sites in urban households using an exhaustive classification system., Methods: A cross-sectional entomological survey was carried out in Colón city, Entre Ríos, Argentina, using a two-stage stratified sampling design during March and April 2014. The city was stratified given the degree of urbanization of each block, and blocks and households were randomly selected. All outdoor containers with water were inspected, and the presence of immature mosquitoes was recorded. Containers were classified according to physical, functional, and location attributes. Generalized linear mixed models were applied to take into account the aggregated nature of the data (containers in houses and houses in blocks)., Results: Overall, 207 houses were inspected. Out of 522 containers with water, 25% had immatures of Ae. aegypti (7336). In adjusted models, the abundance of immatures was higher in containers with increasing opening surface and volume, without roof cover, exposed to shadow, out of use or with functions related to gardening activities, household chores, water storage, or construction. At block level, immatures abundance was positively associated with the degree of urbanization., Conclusions: We detected high immatures abundance in containers associated with water utilization. This suggests that containers involved in these activities, whether directly (e.g., water storage) or indirectly (e.g., incomplete water drainage in the last use), are susceptible to present a high immature abundance. Although our results indicate the importance of the type of use over the type of container, we encourage the use of both classification criteria for artificial breeding sites of mosquitoes, mainly because these are complementary. Additionally, generalized linear mixed models allowed us to analyse predictor variables at different scales (container/house/block) and consider the lack of independence between observations. An exhaustive analysis of artificial breeding sites that use this analytical methodology can lead to new information that could help designing more appropriate tools for dengue surveillance and control.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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