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Background: Hair loss can occur in pediatric and adult populations and may have different patterns. The causes of hair loss in pediatric patients include tinea capitis, alopecia areata, telogen effluvium, traction alopecia, anagen effluvium, androgenetic alopecia, loose anagen syndrome, short anagen syndrome, congenital aplasia cutis, congenital triangular alopecia, atrichia congenita, congenital hypotrichosis, and transient neonatal hair loss.Purpose: to understand etiologies of hair loss in pediatrics, and to determine the appropriate examinations for diagnosing and managing hair loss in children.Review: Hair loss in children can be categorized as congenital or acquired. Congenital hair loss is classified based on distribution, while acquired hair loss is classified as either scarring or non-scarring. Hair loss complications in children can be irreversible. The diagnosis of hair loss in pediatric patients includes anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting examinations. The supporting examinations used for diagnosis include fungal cultures, hair pull tests, hair tug tests, light microscopy, and trichoscopy. Conclusion: There are numerous causes of hair loss in pediatric patients that need to be identified before appropriate management can be implemented. The management of hair loss requires a holistic approach, including psychosocial support. Correct diagnosis and treatment of pediatric hair loss can prevent a decrease in the patient's quality of life.

Kegiatan pertanian di Kelurahan Bukit Tunggal menghasilkan sisa sayur dan buah yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Biasanya sisa-sisa tersebut hanya dibiarkan membusuk ditumpuk di suatu tempat. Tim memandang permasalahan ini harus diselesaikan, supaya tidak menambah dampak buruk pada lingkungan dengan adanya gas metana. Oleh sebab itu, tim memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan kelompok tani dalam mengolah limbah pertanian menjadi ekoenzim. Metode yang tim gunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan PkM mengacu pada 4 tahapan yaitu persiapan, sosialisasi program, pelatihan dan pendampingan, serta evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan pelatihan dan pendampingan menunjukkan antusiasme 35 peserta yang berasal dari seluruh kelompok tani di kelurahan Jekan Raya. Kegiatan ini dipandang berhasil dengan tolak ukur pre test dan post tes yang tim lakukan. Hanya terdapat 25% peserta pelatihan yang mengetahui ekoenzim pada saat prestes, namun setelah kegiatan pelatihan pemahaman peserta meningkat menjadi 90% terhadap pembuatan ekoenzim.

This study aims at exploring the emotional engagement of students in the context of technology-assisted self-regulated learning for EFL writing. This study employed a qualitative method with case study blended ethnographic approach. Nine EFL students and 2 EFL lecturers were conveniently recruited, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis technique. Based on the results, it is evident that students exhibit high levels of interest, enthusiasm, and curiosity in technology-supported learning environments. Their active participation, problem-solving abilities, and eagerness to utilize technological tools reflect their engagement in self-regulated learning processes. Further research on exploring the challenges and barriers associated with technology integration in EFL classrooms would provide practical guidance for educators seeking to maximize the benefits of technology in language learning.

This community service activity aims to enhance the knowledge and skills of teachers in creating digital teaching materials based on flipbooks to realize a multimedia-based Islamic school. The implementation method of this community service involved training and mentoring 34 teachers at Arsyad Islamic School in Pekanbaru. The instruments used include questionnaires on the percentage of technology usage in teaching and questionnaires on the teachers' abilities related to using digital teaching material creation applications, which were then analyzed descriptively. The results of this community service showed that there was an improvement in teachers' understanding of the role of technology in teaching and their ability to produce digital learning resources such as flipbooks. Before the training, 48.4% did not master the skills, 31.3% had a sufficient level of mastery, 18.8% were proficient, and 0% were highly proficient in creating digital teaching materials. After the training, there was an improvement, with 0% having no mastery, 34.4% having a sufficient level of mastery, 50% being proficient, and 12.5% being highly proficient. It indicates that the community service activity has impacted teachers' understanding and skills.

Bioplastic food packaging is manufactured from natural ingredients with no threat of polluting the environment. There have been no reports using tofu liquid waste as material for making bioplastics using sorbitol concentration treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of sorbitol concentration on the characteristics of bioplastic generated from tofu liquid waste. Before being processed into bioplastic, tofu liquid waste was analyzed for carbohydrates, pH, protein, biological and chemical oxygen demand, as well as total and volatile solids. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), while sorbitol concentrations used were 0 %, 1 %, 2 %, 4 %, and 8 % with three repetitions. The results of analysis of tofu liquid waste show that this waste can be used as material for making bioplastics. The results showed that the bioplastic produced had thickness values ranging from 0.049 to 0.365 mm, water vapor permeability rates of 0.239–4.644 g m−2 h−1, tensile strength of 146, 3 to 186.3 kgf. cm−2, and elongation of 8.52–150.227 %. Variations in sorbitol concentrations had a significant effect on the thickness and elongation values but not on water vapor permeability rate and tensile strength. The best result was obtained with 1 % sorbitol concentration, which produced bioplastic with a thickness value of 0.110 mm, water vapor permeability rate of 0.584 g m−2 h−1, tensile strength of 146.3 kgf. cm−2, and elongation of 97, 04 %.

Efek penyimpanan semen Entog akan menyebabkan penurunan kualitas seiring dengan perlakuan lama penyimpanan dan kadar pengencer semen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan Malondialdehid (MDA) semen Entog pada pengenceran dan penyimpanan yang berbeda pada suhu ruang 27 °C. Penelitian ini menggunakan tingkat pengenceran semen dengan lama penyimpanan yang berbeda pada suhu ruang 27 °C. Pada penelitian ini parameter motilitas masa spermatozoa yang digunakan adalah motilitas individu, abnormalitas spermatozoa, dan uji aktivitas MDA. Sampel menggunakan 5 ekor Entog dewasa berumur 1,5-2 tahun, 3 jantan dan 2 betina, sehat dan memiliki libido tinggi digunakan sebagai penelitian dan dikandangkan secara individu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan pola petak terbagi. Faktor pertama sebagai petak utama adalah tingkat pengenceran yaitu 0 (A0), 5 kali (A1), 10 kali (A2) dan 15 kali (A3), faktor kedua sebagai anak petak adalah waktu penyimpanan 0 (BO), 60 menit (B1), 120 menit (B2) dan 180 menit (B3) disimpan pada suhu ruang 27 °C dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah hasil terbaik adalah abnormalitas terjadi pada laju pengenceran 5 kali dengan umur simpan 60 menit dan MDA tanpa pengenceran atau kontrol dengan umur simpan 120 menit.

Introduction : According to the International Labor Organization, almost every year there are 1000 times the number of non-fatal work accidents when compared with fatal work accidents. to the income generated by workers. Purpose: This study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes with the adherence to the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) for cleaners at the Environmental Office of Baubau City. Methods: This research is an analytic research design with a cross sectional study design approach. The population and sample are all cleaning workers who work at the Baubau City Environmental Service, totaling 107 respondents using total sampling. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire, with chi-Square data analysis. Results: research using the chi square test shows that there is a relationship between knowledge (p-value = 0.000

The learning process determines student success in learning, so teachers need to build effective learning that supports these achievement goals. This study aims to analyze the evaluation of the application of the ASSURE model based on the Countenance Stake model on rukhsah material in building effective learning at SMP Hikmah Teladan. This research uses a qualitative approach using a descriptive analysis method. The results and conclusions of this study show that the application of the ASSURE model to rukhsah material in SMP Hikmah is exemplary based on the results of evaluation using the countenance stake model has been applied very well and supports building effective learning; the average good student learning outcomes show this.

Background: Adolescents who live in orphanages have various kinds of stressors such as adjustment to new environments, different backgrounds, academic stress, peer conflicts, financial problems, lack of affection, parental divorce, parents leaving family, and self-adjustment. The condition of adolescents who are unable to manage the stressors they face can make adolescents experience distress.Objectives: The study aims to analyze the effect of spiritual deep breathing teraphy on adolescents distress who lived in orphanages.Methods: This research used quasy experimental design method with pre-post test and control group design. The sample included 18 control groups and 18 treatmentgroup. The sampling technique use simple random sampling with mild, moderate, and severe distress and aged 13-18 years. Distress was measured using GHQ-12 (General Health Questionnaire-12) questionnaire and interventions which were given for 3 days with a duration of 10 minutes for each therapy. Data were analyzed by using both univariate and bivariate analysis with 95% (α = 0.05) significancy level.Results: The result showed majority of the rspondent who experienced severe distress (38.9%) and moderate distress (33.33%) were senior high school student. Result of T- Independen Test between post treatment group and post control group showed p=0,007 (p < 0.05), it means that there was a difference two groups.Conclusions: The result showed majority of the rspondent who experienced severe distress (38.9%) and moderate distress (33.33%) were senior high school student

The presence of public transportation (Trans Jogja and Friend Bus Jogja) is one of the solutions to overcome congestion and heavy traffic in Yogyakarta. However, in recent years, public transportation (Trans Jogja and Friend Bus Jogja) has had many problems, one of which is the lack of passenger numbers. It is because of these problems that occur in the field that the number of Trans Jogja passengers and Teman Bus Jogja is decreasing day by day. The purpose of this study is to find out the policies taken by the Yogyakarta Special Region government to increase and entice people to use public transportation. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method that, as a whole, uses secondary data. This study found that there are four dimensions of service quality related to the Trans Jogja Minimum Service Standards: the tangibles dimension, the reliability dimension, the responsiveness dimension, and the assurance dimension. These four dimensions are running well and are in accordance with the applicable SPM, but these four dimensions need to be further improved. As for the factor that has reduced the interest of Trans Jogja users, namely the presence of online transportation services, Trans Jogja only operates at several predetermined points, and the operational time has also been determined. Unlike the case with online transportation, where online transportation is able to reach all areas in Yogyakarta and its operating hours are also flexible and in accordance with the wishes of prospective users.

The complex containing iron(II), 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (3-bpp) as ligand, and tetracyanonickelate as counter anion has been synthesized and characterized. The characterization data suggest the corresponding formula of [Fe(3-bpp)2][Ni(CN)4]·4H2O. Meanwhile, the SEM–EDX analysis image confirms the existence of all elements contained in the complex except the hydrogen atom. The infrared spectra exhibit vibration bands of the functional groups of 3-bpp ligand and [Ni(CN)4]−1 anion. From magnetic property measurement, the complex's molar magnetic susceptibility (XMT) value is 2.65 emu mol−1 K at 300 K, which contains about 75% high-spin state of the Fe(II) complex. Upon lowering the temperature, the XMT value gradually decreases around 1.37 emu mol−1 K at 13 K. It decreases sharply to about 0.73 emu mol−1 K at 2 K. These values reveal that Fe(II) complex is in the low-spin (LS) state. As a result, the complex exhibited spin-crossover characteristics of gradual transition without thermal hysteresis, and the transition temperature occurred below room temperature with a transition temperature (T1/2) close to 140 K. The spin crossover property of the complex is supported by a thermochromic reversible color change from red-brown at room temperature to dark brown on cooling in liquid nitrogen associated with the high-spin to low-spin transition.

Puerperal health services for mothers begin to be provided to competent health workers within 24 hours after giving birth. Puerperal gymnastics movement exercise is a movement that can be carried out for 24 hours after delivery through activities that the mother's condition has balanced after delivery. As for intending to establish and increase the circulation of the puerperium in the mother, it also helps the goodness of the uterine muscles after delivery. The design uses a descriptive model of the case study approach. This study used two postpartum cesarean respondents who experienced postpartum pain to perform puerperal gymnastics to reduce postpartum pain. The intervention's results on several respondents, namely puerperal gymnastics, said there was a significant change or decrease in the level of pain where the level of severe pain became the absence of pain. Mild pain (4-6) decreased to absence from severe pain (7-10), no longer presence of pain that the client's face already looks relaxed, and he does not grimace anymore. It can be concluded that there is a decrease in the pain intensity scale from mild to no more pain after being given puerperal gymnastics interventions. One of the discomforts that often arises in pregnancy is back pain. Back pain is a disorder that pregnant women widely experience throughout the pregnancy until the post-Christmas period. It should be important to encourage postpartum mothers to do puerperal gymnastics in reducing postpartum pain sectio caesarea

Purpose of the study: An Merdeka curriculum requires students to be able to acquire scientific attitudes and process skills in science learning. Laboratory management is very important in supporting science learning. This research aims to analyze the management of science laboratories to support science learning. Methodology: This type of research is qualitative research using a systematic literature review method. The population in this study was 60 articles originating from Google Scholar with publications from 2018 to 2023 which were then filtered again and a sample of 18 articles was obtained. The data analysis technique uses the matrix method. Main Findings: Based on the results of a systematic literature review analysis, it is known that laboratory management in several schools has factors inhibiting laboratory management, such as the unavailability of laboratory personnel and technicians, multifunctional laboratory space, allocation of time for laboratory use, and lack of infrastructure in science laboratories. The conclusion in this research is that based on a review of literature studies, it is known that in the management of science laboratories in junior high schools, in some literature there are still inhibiting factors in its management. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty in this research is the existence of a literature study which discusses the management of science laboratories in supporting science learning.

Tanaman padi merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan bagi Indonesia. Pada Tahun 2020 produksi padi Aceh Tamiang mengalami penurunan sebesar 3.905,62 ton (5,50%) dibanding tahun sebelumnya yang disebabkan karena kekurangan air, penyakit blas, serangan hama tikus dan keong mas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi moluskisida dari ekstrak etanol biji pinang muda terhadap hama keong mas pada tanaman padi di area persawahan dan mengetahui nilai konsentrasi yang efektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Desember 2021 sampai Maret 2022 di Desa Paya Udang Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Ekstrak etanol pada biji pinang muda (Arecha catechu L.) diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode maserasi. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan.Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi moluskisida dari ekstrak etanol biji pinang muda berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan mortalitas hama keong mas dan intensitas kerusakan tanaman padi. Ekstrak etanol biji pinang muda dengan konsentrasi 30% telah efektif karena memilki nilai mortalitas lebih dari 50% dan mampu meningkatkan persentase kematian keong mas sebesar 100% dengan LC30 = 21,615%, LC50 = 27,083%, dan nilai probit sebesar 0,610. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol biji pinang muda maka kerusakan tanaman padi menurun dan mortalitas keong mas meningkat.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis serta self confidence siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran Model Eliciting Activities dengan siswa yang mendapatkan model pembelajaran secara langsung pada materi Bangun datar segitiga di kelas VII. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Quasi Eksperimental dengan rancangan the nonequivalent posstest-only control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Singkawang yang terdiri dari lima kelas. Sampel diambil dengan teknik Cluster Random Sampling. Adapun sampel yang dipilih terdiri dari dua kelas yaitu kelas VIIB sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIIC sebagai kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis terhadap siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran Model Eliciting Activities dengan siswa yang mendapatkan model pembelajaran langsung pada materi segitiga kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Singkawang. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan uji Mann Whitney U-Test. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan uji Mann Whitney U-Test; dan 2) Self Confidence siswa tergolong tinggi terhadap pembelajaran Model Eliciting Activies. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan rata-rata self confidence siswa berada pada kriteria sangat tinggi. Kata Kunci: MEAs, Pemahaman Konsep, SC siswa.

Background: Dry noodles are products made from wheat flour which are dried to a maximum moisture content of 10%. This study investigated on analysis preference between dried catfish noodles and yellow flour and determined the protein and water content.Methods: In an experimental completely randomized design using 3 treatments with different pumpkin flour substitutions, namely 5%, 7.5% and 10%, analysis preference between dried catfish noodles andyellow flour and a protein and water content analysis were undertaken according to the terms of the dry noodle quality requirements (SNI 8217-2015). The appearance, color, aroma, texture, flavor, overall appearance were also compared between dried catfish noodles and yellow flour.Results: The 10% pumpkin flour substitution showed the highest value for appearance, color, aroma, texture and overall acceptance; whereas the flavor was dominated by 5% pumpkin flour substitution. The test for the highest protein content and the lowest water content was in 7.5% pumpkin flour substitution. The higher the water content, the lower was the protein content. Based on the proximate test, protein content of dried catfish noodles ranged 12.95-15.47%; and the water content of dried catfish noodles ranged 9.49-12.60%.Conclusion: The 5% pumpkin flour substitution was preferably organoleptic, but the best water content was in 7.5% pumpkin flour substitution in accordance with the quality requirements for dry noodles (SNI 8217-2015). It is necessary to test acceptability of the product with variations in noodle processing techniques and differences in cooking recipes. Therefore, these finding can help the health authorities in nutritional plans.

This service activity aims to increase teacher digital literacy in blended learning. The method used in service activities was the assistance carried out by observation, preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The dedication partner was Rumbio Jaya State Senior High School 4. The instrument for evaluating this activity used a questionnaire which was analyzed descriptively. The results of the community service that had been carried out and evaluated showed an increase in teacher digital literacy. This increase was shown by the teacher's understanding before the activity, from an average score of 3.11 to an average of 3.30 after the activity was carried out. However, even though there has been an increase, teachers still need to maximize their ability to use technology to support the implementation of blended learning better.

Global climate change is predicted to increase the marginal land area, especially saline land, which affects the productivity of rice yields, so proper land management and tolerant varieties are needed. This study aimed to compare saline-tolerant cultivars and productivity at several concentrations of gypsum applications. The research was conducted on saline paddy soil in Cinta Raja Village, East Langsa District, Langsa City. We used fourteen cultivars studied, i.e., Batang Hari, Mendawak, Malaisia, Beres, Siak Raya, Martapura, Dendang, Air Tenggulan, Lambur, Banyuasin, Panasur, Impari, Indra Giri, and Margasari. The best results were found at the application of 1.5 tons per ha gypsum on the Dendang variety (G1V7) as shown by the higher plant height, i.e., 47.67, 60.53, and 71.20 cm at the ages of 30, 45, and 60 DAP, the number of tillers rice was 43.87 at 50 HST, and 39.87 at 60 DAP. The average weight of 1000-grains iwa 28.87 g, and an estimated yield was 7.63 tons ha-1. In conclusion, the Dendang variety, with the application of 1.5 tons of gypsum per ha, can be recommended for planting in saline soils. Keywords: gypsum, rice variety, salinity, sodium

Understanding of concepts is a fundamental ability to learn mathematics in a more meaningful way. Understanding concepts is one of the goals to be achieved in learning mathematics. This study aims to determine the impact of a realistic mathematics learning approach (PMR) and analytical thinking on students' understanding of mathematical concepts. This experimental research uses a posttest-only control design. The population in this study included students XI in Kasui sub-district, Way Kanan district, Lampung, Determination of the sample using cluster random sampling technique. The research sample was 72 students (36 in the experimental class and 36 in the control class). Hypothesis testing using ancova test. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the realistic mathematics learning approach (PMR) has an influence on students' understanding of mathematical concepts by controlling analytical thinking, analytical thinking has an influence on students' understanding of mathematical concepts, and there is a simultaneous influence between the PMR approach and analytical thinking on understanding mathematical concepts student.

The notion of a U-exact sequence is a generalization of the exact sequence. In this paper, we introduce a rough U-exact sequence in a rough group in an approximation space. Furthermore, we provide the properties of the rough U-exact sequence in a rough group.

Scabies is known as a contagious skin disease that attacks humans and animals. Data from the Baubau City Health Office of scabies has increased by 195 cases in January-May 2021. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors that influence the incidence of scabies in Baubau City. This type of research was a quantitative research with a case control approach, the number of samples is 92, with 46 case respondents and 46 control respondents. The technique for determining the number of samples was simple random sampling. Data processing using SPSS 22 with univariate and bivariate analysis. Based on the results of the bivariate analysis showed that knowledge p Value 0.0300.05 with OR value= 2.917, personal hygiene p Value 0.0350.05 with OR value= 2.731, and clean water facilities p-value 0.5720.05 with OR value= 1,622. The conclusion of this study was that there was an influence between knowledge and personal hygiene with the incidence of scabies and there was no effect of clean water facilities with the incidence of scabies in the working area of Betoambari Public Health Center.

Daun mindi (Melia azedarach L.), buah kersen (Muntingia calabura L.), serta daun dan bunga tapakdara (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don) digunakan masyarakat Baturraden dan Sumbang (Banyumas) untuk pengobatan tradisional diabetes. Penelitian ini mengkarakterisasi beberapa parameter mutu simplisia dan ekstrak ketiga tumbuhan tersebut. Simplisia dibuat dari bahan tumbuhan yang dikumpulkan dari tiga desa di wilayah kecamata Baturraden dan Sumbang. Morfologi makroskopik dan mikroskopik, profil kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), kadar fenolik total, dan kadar flavonoid total simplisia, serta kadar air, kadar abu total, dan kadar abu tidak larut asam ekstrak dianalisis dengan metode standar dalam Farmakope Herbal Indonesia (FHI) 2017. Karakter makroskopik, fragmen diagnostik, dan profil KLT dari simplisia hasil penelitian ini diusulkan untuk menjadi standar dalam memastikan kebenaran identitas simplisia. Kadar fenolik total dan kadar flavonoid total simplisia daun mindi, buah kersen, serta daun dan bunga tapakdara masing-masing sebesar 0,74±0,07 dan 0,99±0,31; 1,62±0,36 dan 1,39±0,11; dan 0,94±0,02 dan 1,98±0,04%. Nilai tersebut diusulkan sebagai standar untuk aspek kandungan masing-masing simplisia. Data kadar air, kadar abu total, dan kadar abu tidak larut asam diusulkan sebagai standar aspek kemurnian dari masing-masing ekstrak.

This research is aimed to find the teachers‘ strategies in educating the student’s moral in primary school. The research used a qualitative method with the case study approach. The research data source was gotten by doing the interview, using a set interview protocol with fifteen respondents-the teacher of Islamic education, Quran teacher and the students. The data was analyzed thematically by using the software qualitative Nvivo 12. Overall, the results of the research got five themes relate to the teachers‘strategies in educating morals, such as: Conducting weekly lectures, Set a good example at the school, Giving advice to the students individually, Teach the moral lesson at the school, and Giving a warning and punishment to the students that doing the bad thing. All of those strategies was done by the teachers based on the result of this research. It can be a reference to others in educating students‘moral.

Abstrak. Siswa sering merasa kesulitan dalammenyelesaikan masalah matematika soal cerita. Pemecahan masalah bangun ruang sisi lengkung memerlukan proses berpikir tingkat tinggi karena dibutuhkan analisis dan pemahaman konsep yang tidak hanya terfokus pada hafalan rumus. Salah satu upaya mengoptimalkan kemampuan berpikir siswa yaitu menggunakan kemampuan berpikir reflektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan proses berpikir reflektif siswa dalam memecahkan masalah bangun ruang sisi lengkung berdasarkan taksonomi SOLO. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan tes dan wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara: (1) mereduksi data; (2) menyajikan data, dan (3) menarik kesimpulan. Prosedur dalam penelitian ada tiga tahap, yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan penyelesaian. Subjek dipilih dengan teknik purposive sample. Berdasarkan analisis berpikir reflektif diperoleh tiga kelompok siswa yaitu: (1) siswa kelompok atas; (2) siswa kelompok tengah; dan (3) siswa kelompok bawah. Hasil menunjukkan kelompok atas dapat melakukan proses berpikir reflektif pada semua tahapan pemecahan masalah dan memenuhi level relational dan extended abstrak taksonomi SOLO. Kelompok tengah dapat melakukan proses berpikir reflektif sampai tahap Elaborating dan sampai pada level relational. Kelompok bawah hanya memenuhi fase Reacting dalam proses berpikir reflektif dan hanya sampai level prestuctural. Kata Kunci: Proses Berpikir, Reflektif, Taksonomi SOLO.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penerapan model Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFAE) terhadap kemampuan kognitif siswa kelas IV SDN 369 Tiromanda. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan bantuan rancangan pre-eksperimental design. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah one-group pretest-posttest. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 26 siswa Kelas IV SDN 369 Tiromanda. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan tes bentuk essai dan pilihan ganda. Tes yang diberikan sebelum perlakuan disebut pre-test dan setelah diberikan perlakuan disebut post-test. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Uji statistik yang digunakan dalam analisis hipotesis adalah Paired Sample T-Test dengan menggunakan IMB SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata hasil tes sebelum diberikan perlakuan (pre-test) adalah 51,27, dan nilai rata-rata hasil tes setelah diberikan perlakuan (post-test) adalah 79,88. Diperoleh nilai signifikasi 2 tailed dari hasil uji Paired Sample T-test yaitu 0,000 atau < 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran student facilitator and explaining berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan kognitif siswa kelas IV SDN 369 Tiromanda.

Kualitas semen setelah penampungan mengalami penurunan apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh hubungan Superoksida Dismutase (SOD) dengan abnormalitas dalam tingkat pengencer dan lama simpan pada semen mentog yang di suhu kamar. Mentog yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 4 ekor ternak entog jantan berumur sekitar 1,5 – 2 tahun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode eksperimental dengan Split Plot pola petak terbagi. Faktor pertama sebagai Petak Utama adalah tingkat pengencer yaitu 0(A0); 5 X(A1);10X(A2) dan 15X (A3), faktor kedua sebagai Anak Petak adalah lama simpan 0(B0); 60 (B1); 120 (B2) dan 180 menit yang disimpan pada suhu kamar. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut bahwa pada Tingkat pengenceran dan lama simpan semen di suhu kamar mentog tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap abnormalitas dan aktivitas Superoxida Dismutase (SOD).

Hama keong mas (Pomacea canaliculata L.) merupakan salah satu jenis hama yang menyerang tanaman padi pada fase vegetatif. Hama ini menyerang tanaman padi mulai dari pesemaian sampai tanaman padi berumur empat minggu setelah tanam. Serangan hama ini dapat mengakibatkan jumlah anakan tanaman padi berkurang sehingga dapat menurunkan produktivitas tanaman padi sebesar 90%. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya yang optimal untuk mengendalikan hama keong mas yaitu dengan menggunakan daun ubi dan lidah mertua. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemggunaan ekstrak daun Manihot utilissima P. dan Sanseviera trifasciatas P. sebagai ovisida hama keong mas dan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak daun Manihot utilissima P. Dan Sansevieria trifasciata P.yang paling optimal sebagai ovisida keong mas. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Maret 2021 di Laboratorium Dasar Universitas Samudra. Rancanagan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, sehingga sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 24 sampel. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan ektrak daun ubi dan lidah mertua sebagai ovosida hama keong mas. Aplikasi ektrak daun ubi dan lidah mertua dapat dapat meningkatkan persentase telur tidak menetas sebesar 68,11% pada hari ke 14 setelah perlakuan, menurunkan berat telur keong mas sebesar 1,23 gr. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkam bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi ektrak yang digunakan maka efektivitas ektrak sebagai biofungisda semakin meningkat.

Microcrystalline cellulose was first extracted from pineapple crown leaf waste which is used very rarely as an alternative material from agricultural residue and then characterized. Microcrystalline cellulose was extracted from this waste through acid hydrolysis with various concentrations. The effect of acidconcentrations with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) on microcrystalline cellulose properties was investigated to determine its potential application as a material. Pineapple crown leaf was hydrolyzed for 2 hours at 45℃ along with various sulfuric acid concentrations (1, 2, and 3 M). The properties of the cellulose were evaluated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Among all the hydrolysis conditions carried out, the best hydrolysis condition was 3 M sulfuric acid. At this hydrolysis condition, the microcrystalline cellulose presented a rod-like shape, high crystallinity at 83.16%, and have average crystal size of 17.99 nm. The functional group and morphology analysis showed that the resulted product is maintained cellulose I structure and removal of non-cellulosic constituents and the chemical compositions. As for the thermal analysis, the temperature decreased from 177℃ (2 M sulfuric acid) to 149℃ (3 M sulfuric acid) because of the incorporation of sulfate groups after the hydrolysis process. Therefore, microcrystalline cellulose obtained from pineapple crown leaf waste has great potential as reinforcement in the manufacture of composites.

The West Sumatra National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) explained that 6,083 couples married under the age of 20 between 2010-2015. Perceptions of students who do early marriage to protect themselves from acts that go beyond social boundaries. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of student perception about early marriage at the Faculty of Islamic Religion UM. West Sumatra. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The research sample was 129 students with a random sampling technique. The data collection technique used an instrument to measure students' perceptions of early marriage with a validity level of 0.02 and instrument reliability of 0.9. The data analysis technique used the percentage formula p=f/nx100. Student perceptions of early marriage at the Faculty of Islamic Religion UM. West Sumatra on the aspect of the cause of early marriage on average is in the quite positive category and from the aspect of the impact of early marriage on average, it is in the less positive category. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to provide Islamic counseling services to improve student perceptions of early marriage.

Science learning is a means for students to learn about the natural surroundings to develop an understanding of science concepts that are contextual to their daily lives. For this reason, this study aimed to examine the application of the contextual teaching & learning (CTL) to improve the process and learning outcomes of science learning in grade 5 UPT SD Negeri 287 Pinrang, South Sulawesi. The approach used is qualitative, with a class action research type. The results show that the CTL learning model learning process changes student learning activities, interactions, and teacher teaching activities. Changes in the learning process led to increased student learning outcomes. Teaching materials, learning media, and worksheets that are designed with contextual settings bring significant changes to student learning activities and have an impact on their better understanding. This study concludes that implementing the CTL learning model can improve the process and outcomes of science learning in grade 5 UPT SD Negeri 287 Pinrang, South Sulawesi.

Biodegradable film-based packaging is a current concern to replace packaging that depends on petroleum. This is because petroleum-based packaging is very unfriendly to the environment. The bioresource-based biodegradable film has the disadvantage that its mechanical properties are still low, that it requires two or three bioresource materials to be used as polymer hybrids. As a film hybrid polymer that has superior properties such as flexibility, strength, heat resistance, and environmental resistance, it can be applied to various packaging materials and can be developed for various purposes. In this review, the authors review biomass sources as a matrix, as a filler in hybrid polymer-based packaging, the properties of the biodegradable file, and the development for the future. In addition to the raw materials as matrices and fillers, the synthesis method is also described. The properties of biodegradable hybrid polymer film include physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal. This review also summarizes the emerging aspects of bioresources for the development of sustainable and biodegradable hybrid polymer film friendly to the environment.

Indonesia merupakan negara produsen tempe terbesar di dunia dan menjadi pasar kedelai terbesar di Asia, sebanyak 50% dari konsumsi kedelai Indonesia dalam bentuk tempe. Protein yang terdapat dalam tempe tergolong mudah dicerna. Frozen Food dapat menjadi solusi dalam memperpanjang umur simpan dan daya tahan suatu produk dan menyebabkan makanan menjadi awet dan tidak mudah membusuk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daya terima frozen food tempe sebagai alternatif makanan tambahan balita dalam upaya pencegahan stunting. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan satu kontrol dan 3 perlakuan, 30%, 50% dan 70%. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji hedonik pada masing masing frozen food dan uji proksimat pada frozen food yang paling disukai untuk mengetahui kadar karbohidrat,kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar air dan kadar abu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan yang paling disukai dari segi warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur frozen food bakso adalah dengan penambahan 50% tempe (P2), sedangkan untuk kelompok nugget dan bola-bola, yang paling banyak disukai panelis adalah penambahan 70% tempe (P3). Hasil uji Kruskall Wallis menunjukkan penambahan tempe memberikan pengaruh nyata pada tingkat kesukaan terhadap warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur bakso tempe, nugget tempe maupun bola-bola tempe. Kandungan zat gizi (Karbohidrat, protein, lemak, kadar air dan kadar abu) bakso tempe yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi SNI 01-3818- 1995, dan kandungan zat gizi (Karbohidrat, protein, lemak, kadar air dan kadar abu) pada nugget tempe yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi SNI 01-6683-2002.

Pressure on the mining industry was caused by global mining activities which experienced disruptions to the demand for and sales of mining materials during the COVID-19 pandemic. The consequences of these events affected world mining production. The purpose of this article is (1) Many small people in the world have not applied the principles of "good mining practices" (2) Unlicensed Mining (PETI) in Indonesia has not paid attention to the National Law and the Principles of Sustainable Development (3) Unlicensed Mining Policy During the Covid-19 Pandemic. The result of this scientific work is that small-scale gold mining using mercury and cyanide has been practiced internationally, namely in America, Australia and several other countries since the 1800s. In North America, gold rush activities, 180 years ago, were concentrated in the California region. A total of 2,471 Indonesian locations, namely mining for both minerals and coal, were carried out without permits, in this case, Unlicensed Mining (PETI). The state, government and all stakeholders are obliged to protect and manage the environment in the implementation of sustainable development so that the Indonesian environment can remain a source and support for life for the Indonesian people and other living things.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi peluang ditinjau dari teori APOS. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Satap Negeri Nakol yang berjumlah 15 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tes dan wawancara. Wawancara dilakukan secara mendalam kepada 3 subjek penelitian yang terdiri dari 1 subjek berkemampuan tinggi, 1 subjek berkemampuan sedang, dan 1 subjek berkempuan rendah. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh bahwa tingkat pemahaman konsep siswa berada pada tingkatan yang berbeda. Siswa belum mampu menggunakan konsep matematika dengan baik dalam menyelesaikan masalah berkaitan dengan soal peluang. Selain itu, siswa belum mampu menyajikan alternatif jawaban yang lain dari permasalahan yang diberikan. Maka dari itu, teori APOS digunakan untuk mengamati sejauh mana pencapaian konsep siswa terhadap matematika pada materi peluang ditinjau dari rangkaian aksi, proses, objek, dan skema

Diberikan sebarang ring komutatif $R$ dengan elemen satuan, monoid terurut tegas $(S,\leq)$, homomorfisma monoid $\omega:S\rightarrow End(R)$, submonoid $S_1,S_2\subseteq S$ yang masing-masing dilengkapi urutan $\leq_1, \leq_2$ yang \textit{coarser} terhadap urutan $\leq$ pada $S$, dan modul $M_1,M_2$ atas $R$. Pada penelitian ini, dikonstruksi modul deret pangkat tergeneralisasi miring $M_1[[S_1,\leq_1,\omega]]$ dan $M_2[[S_2,\leq_2,\omega]]$ atas ring deret pangkat tergeneralisasi miring $R[[S,\leq,\omega]]$. Selain itu, dibuktikan pemetaan $\tau$ dari $M_1[[S_1,\leq_1,\omega]]$ ke $M_2[[S_2,\leq_2,\omega]]$ dengan $\tau(\alpha_1)=\gamma\circ\alpha_1\circ\delta^{-1}$ merupakan $R[[S,\leq,\omega]]$-homomorfisma modul dengan mensyaratkan $f(\delta^{-1}(u))=f(u)$ dan $\omega_{\delta^{-1}(v)}=\omega_{v}$ untuk setiap $u,v\in S_2$ dan $f\in R[[S,\leq,\omega]]$.

Paying taxes is an example of public service. In the process of serving, the service is often synonymous with the queuing process. Queuing is a condition in which several people or objects from a waiting line to be served are generally caused by the need for services to exceed the service capacity or service facilities so that users of arriving facilities cannot immediately receive service. Therefore, overcoming many complaints due to queues can be done by improving services and maximizing time efficiency using the Petri net model. In this study, a Petri net model of the 5-year tax payment service system for a motor vehicle at SAMSAT Oku Timur 1 was made as many as 17 places, 15 transitions, two operators, and 30 arcs using WOPED 3.2.0 software.

Rough Set Theory (RST) is an essential mathematical tool to deal with imprecise, inconsistent, incomplete information and knowledge Rough Some algebra structures, such as groups, rings, and modules, have been presented on rough set theory. The sub-exact sequence is a generalization of the exact sequence. In this paper, we introduce the notion of a sub-exact sequence of groups. Furthermore, we give some properties of the rough group and rough sub-exact sequence of groups.

This research aimed to find out the reasoning level profile of students by using Ranking Task Exercise questions in the physics learning material for Work and Energy for class X MIPA at SMAN 24 Bone. The dependent variable in this study is the level of students' reasoning with this type of quantitative descriptive research. The subjects of this study were students of class X MIPA SMAN 24 Bone, totaling 49 people. The research instrument used was a question in a Ranking Task Exercise of ten numbers. Based on the research results, students' most common level of reasoning is the second level of reasoning category, namely subfunctional as many as 24 people with a percentage of 49%. The cause of the reasoning level of most students in the subfunctional category is that students still feel unfamiliar with questions in the form of the Ranking Task Exercise, so they have difficulty answering questions. In addition, the distance between giving material and giving questions is far enough that students have forgotten the concept of Work and Energy material. From this study, it can be concluded that the level of reasoning of students is still low. The order of the students' reasoning starts from the most to the least, namely sub-functional, unstructured/alternative, near functional, functional, and expert. This research implies that after the results of this research are obtained, it can be said that by knowing the level profile of students' reasoning in learning physics, it is expected to be an evaluation material for educators to apply an approach that can train students' scientific reasoning in learning physics.

Let M_n (R_1 [[S_1,≤_1,ω_1]]) and M_n (R_2 [[S_2,≤_2,ω_2]]) be a matrix rings over skew generalized power series rings, where R_1,R_2 are commutative rings with an identity element, (S_1,≤_1 ),(S_2,≤_2 ) are strictly ordered monoids, ω_1:S_1→End(R_1 ),〖 ω〗_2:S_2→End(R_2 ) are monoid homomorphisms. In this research, a mapping τ from M_n (R_1 [[S_1,≤_1,ω_1]]) to M_n (R_2 [[S_2,≤_2,ω_2]]) is defined by using a strictly ordered monoid homomorphism δ:(S_1,≤_1 )→(S_2,≤_2 ), and ring homomorphisms μ:R_1→R_2 and σ:R_1 [[S_1,≤_1,ω_1]]→R_2 [[S_2,≤_2,ω_2]]. Furthermore, it is proved that τ is a ring homomorphism, and also the sufficient conditions for τ to be a monomorphism, epimorphism, and isomorphism are given.

Service is the process of meeting needs through the activities of others directly. Service is usually synonymous with queues, and queues are what many people complain about. Most of the taxpayers complained about the queues, indirectly they would blame the poor service because of the queues that had piled up. Queues can be reduced by improving services, while one way to improve services is to analyze services using the Petri Net model. Petri Net is mathematical modeling for discrete event systems. Petri Net can be used to model and analyze algebraic problems of transportation networks, manufacturing systems, telecommunications networks, parallel process systems, and so on. In this study, a Petri Net Model of the annual vehicle tax payment service system was created as many as 16 places, 14 transitions, 2 operators, and 30 arcs using WOPED 3.2.0 software. The length of time for tax payment services for taxpayers who have completed the file is faster with a total time of 27 minutes compared to those who have not completed the file with a total time of 35 minutes. The Petri Net model of the annual type of vehicle tax payment service system can be presented in the form of a backward incidence and forward incidence matrix which is used to see the queuing pattern at Samsat Oku Timur 1 with a mathematical model. Columns in the backward incidence matrix can be used to determine which transitions are enabled.

Palm oil bottom ash utilization from mill boilers as CO2 adsorbent has been in use for few years. This study aims to examine adsorbent characteristics and capabilities of bottom ash produced from boiler combustion in palm oil industry for CO2 adsorption before and after utilization, such as compound functional group using the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectrophotometer, adsorbent morphology through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and compound amount using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The CO2 adsorption was carried out in fixed-bed column. Process variables consist of volumetric flow rate, contact time and bed height. Results showed that SiO2 compounds in the heterogeneous form with average particle size of 1073 nm, as supported by FT-IR spectrum finding indicating SiO2 signal at wavelength of 958–954 cm–1. Additionally, EDX analysis showed Silica and Oxygen content of 11.88% and 36.90%, resulting 70% CO2 adsorption capacity of 0.350 mg/g at discharge of 5 L/min, contact time of 40 min, and bed height of 12 cm. Langmuir isotherm model was obtained with R2 of 0.998, qm of 1.588, and kL of 0.144. Meanwhile, the kinetic model followed a simple first-order prototypical with R2 of 0.952, C02 of 0.260, and k1 of 0.006.

This study aims to determine the effect of type and concentration of additives in production of local microorganisms (MOL) on overall qualities (physical, chemical, sensory, and microbiological). The method used in this study was a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of two factors. The first factor was the type of additive (J) which consisted of 4 levels, namely rice (J1), soil (J2), leaf bokashi (J3), and leaf compost (J4). The second factor was the concentration of additives (K) which consisted of 2 levels, namely 7.5% (K1) and 10% (K2). The product was analysed total cell counts (TCC), pH, temperature, and organoleptic tests (hedonic test) on color and organoleptic (descriptive test) on aroma. The best MOL was J4K2 (combination between leaf compost and 10%). The J4K2 MOL had the following characteristics: TCC of 9.6x107 CFU / ml, pH value of 3.7, color hedonic test of 4.3 (preferred by panelists) and aroma descriptive test of 4.3 (tape aroma / medium acid).

ABSTRACT. Usus adalah salah satu organ pencernaan yang berperan penting pada proses absorpsi nutrisi sebagai sumber energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui histologi, histomorfometri dan histokimia sebaran glikogen pada usus ayam buras (Gallus gallus domesticus) sebelum dan setelah menetas menggunakan pewarnaan Haematoksilin-Eosin (HE) dan pewarnaan Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). Sampel penelitian terdiri atas empat kelompok tingkat umur berbeda, setiap kelompok berjumlah enam usus ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P˂0,05) morfometri usus ayam buras secara makroskopis. Secara histologis pada setiap perkembangan sudah terlihat lapisan usus yang terdiri atas tunika mukosa, submukosa, muskularis, dan serosa. Pada tunika mukosa, didapati tiga lamina yaitu lamina epitelia, propria, dan muskularis mukosa yang mulai teramati pada masa inkubasi hari ke-14. Lamina epitelia berupa sel epitel silindris selapis dengan mikrovili, lamina propria berupa jaringan ikat, dan lamina muskularis mukosa berupa berkas otot polos. Pada tunika mukosa dijumpai adanya sel Goblet dan kripta Liberkuhn yang teramati pada masa inkubasi hari ke-20 dan setelah menetas hari ke-7. Hasil histomorfometri ketebalan lapisan usus, panjang vili, lebar vili, dan diameter lumen usus ayam buras pada masa inkubasi dan setelah menetas menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P˂0,05). Temuan reaksi positif kuat terhadap pewarnaan PAS dijumpai pada masa inkubasi hari ke-20 dan setelah menetas hari ke-7 dan positif lemah pada masa inkubasi hari ke-14. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara perkembangan usus ayam secara makroskopis, histomorfometri ketebalan tunika dan vili, serta sebaran reaksi positif kuat terhadap pewarnaan PAS pada masa inkubasi hari ke-20 dan setelah menetas hari ke-7. (Histological, histomorphometrical, and histochemical of intestine on native chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) during pre and posthatch period) ABSTRAK. The intestines are one of the digestive organ that play an important role in the nutrient absorption process as an energy source. The aim of this study was to determine the histomorphometric and histochemical of glycogen distribution in the intestines of native chickens pre and post hatching periods using Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining. The samples of this study was consisted of four different age groups, each group consisting of six chicken intestines. The results showed a significant difference (P˂0.05) on macroscopic morphometry of the native chicken’s intestine. Histologically in each group has been found the intestines consisting of mucosa, submucous, muscularis, and serous tunic. In the mucosal tunic, there were three layers; ephitelial, propria, and muscularial mucous can be observed during the 14th day of incubation period. Ephitelial layer in the form of cylindrical epithelial cells with microvilli, proprial layer in the form of connective tissue, and layer of the muscularis mucosa form smooth muscle thread. In the mucosal tunic, there was Goblet cells and Liberkuhn crypts that can be observed during the 20th day incubation period and 7th day post hatch. Histomorphometry results of intestinal lining thickness, villi length, villi width, and lumen diameter of native chicken intestine during incubation and post hatching showed significant differences (P˂0.05). The findings of a strong positive reaction to the staining of PAS were found on the incubation period of the 20th day and post hatching the 7th day and positively weak on the incubation period of the 14th day. It can be concluded that there is a correlation between macroscopic development of chicken intestine, histomorphometric of tunica and villous thickness, as well as the distribution of strong positive reactions to the staining of PAS during the incubation period of the 20th day and post hatching the 7th day.

This research is aimed to increase the activeness and critical thinking skills of students by applying the problem based learning model. The type of research is classroom action research. The research was conducted at the Accounting Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Islamic University of Riau. The research subjects were 1st semester students, who took the Introduction to Management course for the 2020/2021 academic year. The data in this study were obtained from observation sheets and test instruments. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis for aspects of activeness and critical thinking skills. The results showed that the average of students’ activeness in the first cycle reached 74.5% (fair category) and in the second cycle students' activeness reached 86% with good category. Then, students’ critical thinking in the first cycle reached 77% in the Fair category, and in the second cycle it gained 86% in the good category. Therefore, there is an increase in students’ activeness and critical thinking skills by applying the problem based learning model. Based on the research findings, the researcher would like to propose the following suggestions namely: 1) Making the students more motivated during online learning by using problem-based learning, 2) Appreciating the students’ ideas to make them more confident, 3) The research was only composed of two cycles, so that the next researchers can carry out more than two cycles to maximize student’s activeness and critical thinking. This study also still has limitations, namely, the questions used are only in the form of essay questions and have not used varied question instruments.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dua pendekatan yaitu saintifik dan Open-ended terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan uji komparasi t setelah melalui uji prasyarat yang meliputi uji normalitas dan homogenitas. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu kelas VIII G dan H pada SMP Negeri 1 Kefamenanu. Sebelum diterapkan kedua pendekatan, para siswa diberikan tes awal literasi dan setelah diterapkan kedua pendekatan diberikan tes akhir literasi. Pada hasil penelitian dengan pengujian inferensial diperoleh bahwa pengaruh penerapan pendekatan saintifik terhadap kemampuan literasi sebesar 17,1% dan pengaruh pendekatan open-endeed sebesar 11,6%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua pendekatan ini sama-sama memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan literasi matematika.

Transportation problems are one of the particular forms that often appear in linear programs, one of which is the distribution of goods. A transportation method is needed to determine the optimal result, namely, the minimum cost from source to destination with all demand and supply fulfilled. There are several methods, one of which is the Lowest Supply Lowest Cost Method (LSLC) and the Exponential Approach Method (PE). Both methods are made in a MATLAB program, generating a script that calculates the algorithm's time complexity. Using the function notation, the Big-O Algorithm complexity of the Lowest Supply Lowest Cost method is more efficient than the Exponential Approach Method algorithm. At the same time, the optimal result for the minimum cost between the two methods is obtained by using the Exponential Approach Method.

Karakter merupakan perilaku yang ditampilkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari baik dalam bersikap maupun bertindak. Salah satu nilai karakter tanggung jawab harus ditanamkan pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakter tanggung jawab anak dan kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (Field Research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analitis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipan dan wawancara.

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini Bagaimana upaya meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak melalui permainan tradisional egrang batok kelapa di kelompok B TK Babul Ulum Lamteungoh Aceh Besar?. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan motorik kasar anak di TK Babul Ulum Lamteungoh Aceh Besar dengan menggunakan permainan tradisional egrang batok kelapa. Jenis penelitian menggunakan Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Istrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi, jumlah sampel adalah 12 anak dan data dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus presentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada gambaran aktivitas anak pada siklus I jumlah jumlah perolehan dengan kategori belum berkembang 41.66% (5 anak), kategori mulai berkembang 25% (3 anak), kategori berkembang sesuai harapan 16.66% (2 anak), dan kategori berkembang sangat baik 16.66% (2 anak). Pada siklus ke II tidak ada kategori belum berkembang 1 anak (8.33%), ,mulai berkembang 1 anak (8,33%), kategori berkembang sesuai harapan adalah 2 anak (16.66% ) kategori berkembang sangat baik adalah 66.66% (8 anak). Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa permainan egrang batok kelapa dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak.

The results of observations on April 15, 2019, at SMP Negeri 1 Peureulak, East Aceh District, and the 2017/2018 National Examinations showed that students experienced difficulties in geometry, so there was a need for teaching materials in the form of LAS (Student Activity Sheets). This development aims to determine that teaching materials in the form of LAS based on Acehnese local wisdom are valid, practical, and effective, and also determine student learning outcomes. This research is a development research using the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The subject of the trial in this study was grade VII-1 students of SMP Negeri 1 Peureulak, East Aceh District. Questionnaires, observations, interviews, and tests are used as data collection techniques and instruments in this research. The data analysis in this study is descriptive analysis using the preparation/development of the LAS product variable and the resulting LAS quality variable. As for student learning outcomes in using LAS can be seen from the results of the LAS analysis, which includes student learning outcomes as one of the effectiveness aspect of LAS and test data on learning outcomes. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the teaching materials in the form of LAS based on Acehnese local wisdom in mathematics learning especially geometry material in Junior High Schools are categorized as valid, practical, and effective. Student learning outcomes using the LAS have a mastery score with a score of 86.43.

Jellyfish can be found in most coastal waters and their occurrence can be frequent during the day. This study aimed to detect the occurrence of jellyfish based on the oceanographic condition in the coastal waters of Makassar. Observations were conducted in July-September 2018 at three stations namely Port of Soekarno Hatta (Station 1), Port of Paotere (Station 2), and Port of Untia (Station 3). Jellyfish sampling was conducted in the morning, noon and afternoon, from three stations as aforementioned. Jellyfish samples were taken and identified at the Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Universitas Hasanuddin. Oceanographic conditions, i.e. temperature, salinity, transparency, and current velocity, were measured. All data were analyzed descriptively. It showed that the oceanographical conditions were in the suitable range for supporting jellyfish growth. Three genera of jellyfish were found, namely Aurelia, Porpita, and Aequorea. Aurelia was abundant in Station 1 and 2, whereas Porpita in Station 3. It also showed that during the afternoon, the jellyfish occurred more frequently.