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Fissidens arunii J.P.Srivast. & Nork., Proc. Bot. Soc. Kanpur (India) 1: t. 55, fig. 1. 1988. Lectotype (designated here): Maharashtra, Khandala, 13.09.1970, A.H. Norkett 14266 [BM 001059776]): INDIA, Maharashtra, Khandala, on hard earth beneath tree, Sept. 13 1970, Norkett 14266 (BM 001059776!) Bruggeman-Nannenga (2019) denoted the above specimen as neotype of F. arunii J.P. Srivast. & Nork. This specimen, however, is part of the original material. Therefore, it is a lectotype rather a neotype. Since the choice was not formalized by adding “designated here” (Turland et al., 2018, Art. 7.11, Ex. 12), a simple correction of neotype into lectotype is not possible (Turland et al., 2018, Art. 9.10). The name therefore is lectotypified here.

The study presents the impact of canopy gaps on the diversity and distribution of bryophytes in a sub-temperate Himalayan forest through direct measurements of bryophyte species in plots. We recorded a total of 26 taxa of bryophytes in the present study. Bryophyte communities show a marked difference in terms of species associations in the gap and non-gap areas. While the number of species of bryophytes was more or less similar in the gap and non-gap areas, their composition varied greatly. Plagiomnium was represented by three congeneric species in the gap area and one species in the non-gap area. Fissidens was represented by three congeneric species in the non-gap area and one in the gap area. Based on importance value index (IVI), Plagiomnium cuspidatum (IVI = 65.13) and Fissidens geppii (IVI = 58.09) were dominant in the study area. Plagiomnium integrum and Fissidens sp. were frequently found growing near the wet rocks and streams, and Brachythecium buchananii formed the dominant cover on soil and rock surfaces. A high value of Margalef’s index (3.435) indicates the high species richness of bryophytes in the study area. Pielou’s Evenness index value (0.937) indicates the homogenous distribution of species. The study discusses the possible changes in the diversity of bryophytes in light of both natural and anthropogenic influenced habitat fragmentation in the Himalaya and explores the modelling of a relationship between bryophyte species-richness and environmental variables.

Fissidens ovatifolius R.Ruthe SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Tunisia. Kroumiria, Jendouba Governorate, Delegation of Fernana: Oued Zen, with sporophytes, 36°48’43.08”N, 08°50’41.33”E, 394 m a.s.l. (site 2019-20), 04.IV.2019, Ben Osman & Hugonnot (TUN[TUN2019-399]); Mogods, Beja Governorate, Delegation of Nefza: Cap Negro, with sporophytes, 37°06’05.06”N, 08°59’07.00”E, 10 m a.s.l. (site 2019-74), 09.IV.2019, Ben Osman & Hugonnot (TUN[TUN2019-297]); Khorguelia, with sporophytes, 37°04’35.24”N, 09°03’32.75”E, 93 m a.s.l. (site 2019-79), 09.IV.2019, Ben Osman & Hugonnot (TUN[TUN2019-295]); Mogods, Bizerte Governorate, Delegation Tinja: Jbel Ichkeul, with sporophytes, 37°08’04.52”N, 09°40’49.64”E, 65 m a.s.l. (site 2019- 93), 11.IV.2019, Ben Osman & Hugonnot (TUN[TUN2019-428]). REMARKS Fissidens ovatifolius was collected on well-drained detritic soil from a thermophilic coastal scrubland (Cap Negro), and from the banks of a wadi colonized by a Quercus canariensis and Phillyrea media L. woodland (Khorguelia). In the northern Mediterranean basin, this moss grows on calcareous and siliceous soils and in wet rock crevices, which is comparable to its ecology in Tunisia. It also grows on humid rocks at low altitudes (Guerra & Ederra 2015; IUCN 2019). The species is characterized by leaves whose conduplicate part is half the length of the leaf, bordered by narrow, elongated cells at least in some part of the lamina. The dorsal lamina does not reach the leaf base. Fissidens ovatifolius is a Mediterranean species found primarily albeit rarely in the Mediterranean basin, including Algeria and Morocco (Ros et al. 2013). This species is thought to be under-recorded and could be far more widespread than is currently known (IUCN 2019)., Published as part of Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D. & Daoud-Bouattour, Amina, 2022, New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families, pp. 173-185 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11) on page 179, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, {"references":["GUERRA J. & EDERRA A. 2015. - Fissidentaceae Schimp., in BRUGUES M. & GUERRA J. (eds), Flora Briofitica Iberica. Vol. 2. Universidad de Murcia, Sociedad Espanola de Briologia, Murcia: 153 - 187.","IUCN (THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE) 2019. - Red List. Available from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org","ROS R. M., MAZIMPAKA V., ABOU- SALAMA U., ALEFFI M., BLOC- KEEL T. L., BRUGUES M., CROS R. M., DIA M., DIRKSE G. M., DRAPER I., EL- SAADAWI W., ERDAG A., GANEVA A., GABRIEL R., GONZALEZ- MANCEBO J. M., GRANGER C., HERRNSTADT I., HUGONNOT V., KHALIL K., KURSCHNER H., LOSADA- LIMA A., LUIS L., MIFSUD S., PRIVITERA M., PUGLISI M., SABOVLJEVIC M., SERGIO C., SHABBARA H. M., SIM- SIM M., SOTIAUX A., TAC- CHI R., VANDERPOORTEN A. & WERNER O. 2013. - Mosses of the Mediterranean, an annotated checklist. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 34: 99 - 283. https: // doi. org / 10.7872 / cryb. v 34. iss 2.2013.99"]}

Fissidens fontanus (Bach. Pyl.) Steud. SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Tunisia. Mogods, Beja Governorate, Delegation of Nefza: Khorguelia, sterile, 37°04’35.24”N, 09°03’32.75”E, 93 m a.s.l. (site 2019-79), 09.IV.2019, Ben Osman & Hugonnot (TUN[TUN2019-287]). REMARKS Fissidens fontanus was collected from a degraded riparian forest dominated by Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl, Nerium oleander, Quercus canariensis and Q. suber, where it was growing below the mean low water level on rocks and on submerged roots. Its European habitat is comparable. Fissidens fontanus is an aquatic species that grows in a variety of situations (Godfrey 2005): in splash zones, on roots and stones, in water fountain tanks, and in river beds and irrigation canals. Fissidens fontanus has been treated as a threatened species and included in the Red Lists of many European countries (Lilleleht 2001-2002; Kučera & Váňa 2003; Schnyder et al. 2004; Hodgetts 2015). However, according to Preston et al. (2014), the species has recently been found in many new sites, which suggests the absence of evidence of a significant general decline and, to the contrary, an apparent expansion of its range. Furthermore, the species is often found in manmade habitats (Piguet et al. 2007). In the Mediterranean region, including Tunisia, this species is found exclusively in natural habitats. Statements in the literature about its pollution tolerance are contradictory (Hill et al. 1992; Privitera & Puglisi 1994; Bednarek-Ochyra et al. 1996; Dierssen 2001; Godfrey 2005). In Tunisia, although there is no obvious sign of pollution, increasing anthropogenic pressures make pollution and eutrophication prominent risk factors. The species is characterized by narrowly linear leaves. The conduplicate part of the leaf reaches between ¼-1/3 of its length. This European temperate species is widespread in Europe, including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), and present in North Africa (Ros et al. 2013), Southwestern Asia (Kürschner & Frey 2020), and in North (Pursell 2007a) and Central America (Pursell 2007b). It has been also reported from Australia and New Zealand, but these populations were recently assigned to F. berterii (Blockeel et al. 2014)., Published as part of Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D. & Daoud-Bouattour, Amina, 2022, New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families, pp. 173-185 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11) on pages 178-179, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, {"references":["GODFREY M. F. 2005. - Octodiceras fontanum. Field Bryology 87: 9 - 10.","KUCERA J. & VANA J. 2003. - Check- and Red List of bryophytes of the Czech Republic. Preslia 75: 193 - 222.","SCHNYDER N., BERGAMINI A., HOFMANN H., MULLER N., SCHIBIGER- BOSSARD C. & URMI E. 2004. - Liste rouge des especes menacees en Suisse: bryophytes. Office federal de l'Environnement, des Forets et du Paysage (OFEFP), Berne, 100 p.","HODGETTS N. 2015. - Checklist and country status of European bryophytes - towards a new Red List for Europe. Irish Wildlife Manuals 84: 1 - 125. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2262 / 73373","PRESTON C. D., SMITH A. J. E. & BLOCKEEL T. L. 2014. - Fissidens fontanus, in BLOCKEEL T. L., B OSANQUET S. D. S., HILL M. O. & PRESTON C. D. (eds), Atlas of British and Irish Bryophytes. The Distribution and Habitat of Mosses and Liverworts in Britain and Ireland. Vol. 2. Pisces Publications, Newbury: 21.","PIGUET A., VADAM J. C., CAILLET M. & BAILLY G. 2007. - Nouvelles localites comtoises d' Octodiceras fontanum (Bachelot de la Pylaie) Lindbert. Nouvelles Archives de la Flore jurassienne 5: 153 - 160.","HILL M. O., PRESTON C. D. & SMITH A. J. E. 1992. - Atlas of the Bryophytes of Britain and Ireland. Vol. 2: Mosses. Harley Books, Colchester, 400 p.","PRIVITERA M. & PUGLISI M. 1994. - Octodiceras fontanum (Musci): a new record from Sicily. Flora Mediterranea 4: 171 - 174.","HODGETTS N. & LOCKHART N. 2020. - Checklist and country status of European bryophytes. Update 2020. Irish Wildlife Manuals 123: 1 - 214. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2262 / 93026","ROS R. M., MAZIMPAKA V., ABOU- SALAMA U., ALEFFI M., BLOC- KEEL T. L., BRUGUES M., CROS R. M., DIA M., DIRKSE G. M., DRAPER I., EL- SAADAWI W., ERDAG A., GANEVA A., GABRIEL R., GONZALEZ- MANCEBO J. M., GRANGER C., HERRNSTADT I., HUGONNOT V., KHALIL K., KURSCHNER H., LOSADA- LIMA A., LUIS L., MIFSUD S., PRIVITERA M., PUGLISI M., SABOVLJEVIC M., SERGIO C., SHABBARA H. M., SIM- SIM M., SOTIAUX A., TAC- CHI R., VANDERPOORTEN A. & WERNER O. 2013. - Mosses of the Mediterranean, an annotated checklist. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 34: 99 - 283. https: // doi. org / 10.7872 / cryb. v 34. iss 2.2013.99","KURSCHNER H. & FREY W. 2020. - Liverworts, mosses and hornworts of Southwest Asia (Marchantiophyta, Bryophyta, Anthocerotophyta): A systematic treatise with keys to genera and species occuring in Afghanistan, Bahrain, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sinai Peninsula, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates and Yemen (inc. Socotra Island). Nova Hedwigia, Beihefte 149: 1 - 267.","PURSELL R. A. 2007 a. - Fissidentaceae Schimper, in Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.), Flora of North America, north of Mexico. Vol. 28: Bryophyta, Mosses. Part 2. Oxford University Press, New York-Oxford: 331 - 357.","PURSELL R. A. 2007 b. - Fissidentaceae. Flora Neotropica Monograph 101: 1 - 278."]}

Fissidens crassipes Wilson ex Bruch & Schimp. subsp. warnstorfii (M.Fleisch.) Brugg. -Nann. SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Tunisia. Kroumiria, Jendouba Governorate, Delegation of Fernana: Oued Zen, with sporophytes, 36°48’43.08”N, 08°50’41.33”E, 394 m a.s.l. (site 2019-20), 04.IV.2019, Ben Osman & Hugonnot (TUN[TUN2019-284]); Mogods, Beja Governorate, Delegation of Nefza: Oued Titria, with sporophytes, 36°57’51.33”N, 08°57’45.63”E, 71 m a.s.l. (site 2019-54), 07.IV.2019, Ben Osman & Hugonnot (TUN[TUN2019-285]); Bizerte Governorate, Delegation of Ghezala, Oued Zitoun, with sporophytes, 37°00’16.00”N, 09°23’06.35”E, 389 m a.s.l. (site 2019-89), 10.IV.2019, Ben Osman & Hugonnot (TUN[TUN2019-286]); High Tell, Beja Governorate, Delegation of Thibar: Djebba, with sporophytes, 36°28’15.20”N, 09°05’57.03”E, 620 m a.s.l. (site 2019-104), 13.IV.2019, Ben Osman & Hugonnot (TUN[TUN2019-397]). REMARKS The populations of Fissidens crassipes subsp. warnstorfii were found growing on banks and on submerged rocks and roots in siliceous (Oued Zen, Oued Titria) and calcareous (Oued Zitoun) geological settings. The vascular vegetation consisted of riparian woods dominated by Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and Nerium oleander on sandstone, and by N. oleander and Olea europaea var. sylvestris on limestone. In Tunisia, the subspecies is hydro-hygrophilic. At Oued Zitoun, it was encrusted with lime, which is also often the case in other parts of its range (Bruggeman-Nannenga 1982); it was also found along siliceous watercourses, as is the case in Europe. Fissidens crassipes subsp. warnstorfii is characterized by leaves that narrow abruptly into an acute, obtuse or apiculate apex, with a border (at least in some portion of the lamina) that does not reach the apex. The apical part of the leaf is shorter than the sheathing part, and the limbidium is often lacking in dorsal and upper parts. It is a polymorphic subspecies (Potier de la Varde 1930; Bizot 1952) widespread elsewhere in North Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco). It is considered a submediterranean subspecies present in South and Central Europe, including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), in North Africa(Ros et al. 2013), and inSouthwestern Asia (Kürschner &Frey 2020)., Published as part of Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D. & Daoud-Bouattour, Amina, 2022, New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families, pp. 173-185 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11) on page 178, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, {"references":["POTIER DE LA VARDE R. 1930. - Sur quelques Fissidens rares ou critiques. Revue bryologique, Nouvelle Serie 4 (4): 171 - 180.","HODGETTS N. & LOCKHART N. 2020. - Checklist and country status of European bryophytes. Update 2020. Irish Wildlife Manuals 123: 1 - 214. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2262 / 93026","ROS R. M., MAZIMPAKA V., ABOU- SALAMA U., ALEFFI M., BLOC- KEEL T. L., BRUGUES M., CROS R. M., DIA M., DIRKSE G. M., DRAPER I., EL- SAADAWI W., ERDAG A., GANEVA A., GABRIEL R., GONZALEZ- MANCEBO J. M., GRANGER C., HERRNSTADT I., HUGONNOT V., KHALIL K., KURSCHNER H., LOSADA- LIMA A., LUIS L., MIFSUD S., PRIVITERA M., PUGLISI M., SABOVLJEVIC M., SERGIO C., SHABBARA H. M., SIM- SIM M., SOTIAUX A., TAC- CHI R., VANDERPOORTEN A. & WERNER O. 2013. - Mosses of the Mediterranean, an annotated checklist. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 34: 99 - 283. https: // doi. org / 10.7872 / cryb. v 34. iss 2.2013.99","KURSCHNER H. & FREY W. 2020. - Liverworts, mosses and hornworts of Southwest Asia (Marchantiophyta, Bryophyta, Anthocerotophyta): A systematic treatise with keys to genera and species occuring in Afghanistan, Bahrain, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sinai Peninsula, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates and Yemen (inc. Socotra Island). Nova Hedwigia, Beihefte 149: 1 - 267."]}

Within Fissidens subgenus Fissidens, several species are distinguished in Europe. Some of them are easily identifiable by their morphological characters, and others by a combination of these charac...

Here, 15 taxa of genus Fissidens Hedw. are reported as new to the moss flora of Korea: F. bryoides var. esquirolii, F. closteri subsp. kiusiuensis, F. crispus, F. curvatus, F. enervis, F. flabellulus, F. ganguleei, F. gracilifolius, F. gymnandrus, F. incurvus, F. longisetus, F. pusillus, F. takayukii, F. viridulus, and F. wichurae. The list of Fissidens in Korea, consisting of 26 taxa previously, is updated to 38 taxa by adding 15 taxa and excluding three taxa. Descriptions, taxonomic notes with diagnoses, in situ and microscopic photographs of the unrecorded species, and taxonomic keys of four sections belonging to the subgen. Fissidens are provided.

The present paper provides an account of section Crispidium (Müll. Hal.) Pursell & Brugg.-Nann. of Fissidens Hedw. subgenus Pachyfissidens (Müll. Hal.) Kindb. in Western Ghats, India along with description of a new variety F. crispulus var. nelliampathiae. Fissidens subangustus Fleisch. is also recorded here as new report for Kerala State. A brief taxonomic description, line drawing illustration and identification key to the species of the section are provided to facilitate their future easier identification.

An unrecorded Fissidens species, Fissidens protonemaecola Sakurai (Fissidentaceae, Bryophyta), was newly discovered in Korea during an investigation bryophyte flora. In this study, we examined the morphology of F. protonemaecola in Korea. This species was found in soil along a train through a shaded backslope of Mt. Bukbyeongsan (elev. 80 m) on Geojedo Island and on Mt. Gogeunsan (Oreum; elev. 280 m) on Jejudo Island, Korea. This species has dwarfish bud-like shoots scattered on persistent protonemata. An important feature of the protonemata is a diagnostic character of F. protonemaecola that clearly distinguishes it from other Fissidens species. Its Korean name is given as “Cho-rok-sil-bong-hwang-i-kki,” inferred from the characteristic protonemata of the species.

Beremendiini is an extinct group of soricine shrews that were widely distributed during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. Their occurrence in China has been investigated, but their presence in northern Asian regions has remained poorly studied. This paper analyzes 56 fossil remains of Beremendiini collected from 16 early Pliocene to early Pleistocene localities in Russia (Siberia), Kazakhstan, and Mongolia and shows the presence of two beremendiin species:Beremendia fissidens(Petényi, 1864) andBeremendia minorRzebik-Kowalska, 1976. Northern AsianBeremendiaconsiderably vary in size and qualitative characteristics, although most of the different states have been identified in European or Chinese specimens. Through the application of geometric morphometric techniques, mandibular shape analyses reveal similarities between the members of the beremendiin generaPeisorexKowalski and Li, 1963,BeremendiaKormos, 1934, andLunanosorexJin and Kawamura, 1996. Shape analyses and comparisons of mandibular characteristics reveal ‘trophic’ analogies betweenBeremendiaandBlarinaspp. and a new model of ‘Mandible Swinging and Sliding’ (MSS-model) accounting for the similarities in mandibular morphology with implications for the understanding of the diet ofBeremendia.UUID:http://zoobank.org/ef92ee1a-3977-44b2-86d7-381665bcf78b

Four species of Fissidens Hedw. viz., Fissidens ganguleei Nork., F. grandifrons Bird., F. incognitis Gangulee. and F. Jungermanniodes Giff., collected from different localities of Andhra Pradesh are new distributional records for Eastern Ghats eco-region of India.

Recent collections of the Tropical to Subtropical Australian endemic species Fissidens darwinianus with good fruiting material have enabled an elaboration of the type diagnosis with a complete description of the sporophyte and updated anatomical details. The peristome is of the bryoides-type. Fissidens darwinianus appears closely related morphologically to F. bogoriensis, a species known from China, Japan, the Malay Peninsula and most of the large islands of the Indo-Pacific as far east as New Guinea. The relationships of F. darwinianus to the globally widespread and morphologically diverse F. curvatus are being further investigated.

The poorly known Indian species Fissidens arunii is neotypified, described, figured and compared with other limbate, unipapillose species. Fissidens elimbatus is subsumed under F. crispulus, F. plumula under F. firmus and F. touwii under F. sedgwickii. Taxonomic changes: neotypification Fissidens arunii, F. crispulus Brid. (= F. elimbatus Broth. and = F. walkeri var. elimbatus (Broth.) Dixon), F. firmus (= F. plumula Mitt.). and F. sedgwickii Broth. & Dixon (= Fissidens touwii Tad. Suzuki & Z. Iwats.).

Five liverwort species (Cheilolejeunea krakakammae, Cololejeunea latilobula, Cylindrocolea abyssinica, Telaranea nematodes, Thysananthus humilis) and five moss species (Calyptothecium planifrons, Calymperes tenerum, Fissidens usambaricus, Leptotrichella nitidula, Trichostomum lorifolium) are reported as new for the bryophyte flora of Angola. Fossombronia indica is reported as new for the country of São Tomé and Príncipe, Gulf of Guinea, West Africa. An additional two hepatic species (Lejeunea acuta, Solenostoma dusenii) are reported as new for Príncipe.

Estudiamos los musgos que crecen en el valle del río Patía, en el suroccidente colombiano, que comprende zonas de bosque muy seco tropical y bosque seco premontano. En la franja altitudinal comprendida entre 550 y 1500 m s. n. m., encontramos 75 especies de musgos (28 familias y 53 géneros), 34 de ellas acrocárpicas (11 familias y 23 géneros) y 41 pleurocárpicas (17 familias y 30 géneros). Las familias con mayor número de especies son: Bryaceae (10), Pottiaceae (9), Hypnaceae (6), Macromitriaceae (5), Brachytheciaceae (5), Entodontaceae (5), Fissidentaceae (5) y Sematophyllaceae (4). Los géneros mejor representados son Bryum (6), Fissidens (5), Sematophyllum (4) y Entodon (3). El 60 % de las especies se encuentran en un solo tipo de sustrato: suelo (31), corteza (10), materia orgánica (3) y roca (1); el 40 % restante se encuentra en 2 o más sustratos. Bosques, matorrales, taludes y corrientes de agua son los hábitats preferidos por los musgos. Los elementos dominantes son neotropicales extraandinos (35 spp.), cosmopolitas (11), ampliamente tropicales (8) y afroamericanos (5).

The use of micropropagation techniques is crucial for the conservation of endangered moss species and their reestablishment in nature. This study aimed to establish in vitro cultures of gametophyte fragments of ten species of Cerrado mosses. After disinfestation with alcohol and commercial bleach, moss explants were grown in Petri dishes containing Knop medium. The species Bryum argenteum, B. coronatum, Isopterygium tenerifolium, Leucobryum crispum, Pogonatum pensilvanicum, and Vitalia cuspidifera were successively established with efficiency rate ranging from 1 to 31.2%. However, no aseptic cultures were obtained for the species Barbula indica, Bryum densifolium, Fissidens flaccidus, and Sphagnum platyphylloides. Even though, a few contaminated explants of these species were able to develop and grow. Thus, all ten species were submitted to rescue techniques to establish cultures in aseptic conditions, from partially contaminated explants (indirect establishment). Consequently, the indirect establishment resulted in higher percentages of explant development, which enhanced the establishment of in vitro cultures for most of the species tested. This fact is especially important for conservation purposes, mainly for species whose material is sensitive or scarce. Therefore, indirect establishment as a new in vitro culture methodology was a viable form of propagating the bryophyte species listed in this research. This fact is essential for conservation purpose, especially for species whose material is sensitive or scarcer. Resumo O uso de técnicas de micropropagação é crucial para a conservação de espécies de musgos ameaçadas e para o reestabelecimento da natureza. Este estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer culturas in vitro de fragmentos de gametófitos de dez espécies de musgos do Cerrado. Após a desinfestação com álcool e solução de hipoclorito de sódio, explantes de musgo foram cultivados em meio Knop. As espécies Bryum argenteum, B. coronatum, Isopterygium tenerifolium, Leucobryum crispum, Pogonatum pensilvanicum e Vitalia cuspidifera foram sucessivamente estabelecidas com taxa de eficiência variando de 1 a 31,2%. No entanto, não foram obtidas culturas assépticas para as espécies Barbula indica, Bryum densifolium, Fissidens flaccidus e Sphagnum platyphylloides. Contudo, alguns explantes contaminados apresentaram desenvolvimento. Assim, todas as dez espécies foram submetidas as técnicas de resgate para estabelecer culturas em condições assépticas, a partir de explantes parcialmente contaminados (estabelecimento indireto). Consequentemente, o estabelecimento indireto resultou no aumento das chances de estabelecimento de culturas in vitro para a maioria das espécies. Portanto, o estabelecimento indireto como nova metodologia de cultivo in vitro foi bastante viável para a propagação das espécies de musgos listadas nesta pesquisa. Este fato é especialmente importante para fins de conservação, principalmente para espécies cujo material é sensível ou escasso.

The scariosus type of peristome and the bryoides peristome were considered by Pursell and Bruggeman-Nannenga to be diagnostic for subgen. Aloma and subgen. Fissidens respectively. Several later authors did not recognize these peristome types nor did they recognize subgen. Aloma. In a recent molecular study, however, subgen. Aloma emerges as a clade of equal rank to subgenus Fissidens. Based on this and on numerous observations of peristomes the scariosus- and bryoides-type peristome are retrieved from oblivion, compared to each other, re-described and illustrated.

Fissidens guangdongensis Z.Iwats. & Z.H.Li SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Myanmar, Hponyin Razi, Quercus - Magnolia -Bamboo forest, 2209 m, 27.608888N, 96.980801E, 05.XI.2013, G. Miehe et al. 13-085-102 (DR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga); Myanmar, Natma Taung (Mt Victoria), epiphytic in evergreen Oak forest with Taungya succession, 1400 m, 21.2194427N, 94.0699586E, 25.X.2012, P. K. Kine 12_46_11-C (DR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga). REMARKS The species was described based on material from the province Guangdong in China (Li 1985), and was subsequently reported from Japan, Fiji, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia, Vietnam (Tan et al. 2000, 2006; Tan & Choy 2002; Ho 2015). It seems to be relatively widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of SE Asia., Published as part of Bruggeman-Nannenga, Maria A. & Müller, Frank, 2020, A contribution to the Fissidens Hedw. (Musci, Fissidentaceae) of Myanmar, including F. strictidens sp. nov. and F. pseudoanomalus sp. nov., pp. 229-238 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (18) on page 236, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a18, http://zenodo.org/record/7822194, {"references":["LI Z. - H. 1985. - A revision of the Chinese species of Fissidens (Musci, Fissidentaceae). Acta Botanica Fennica 129: 1 - 65.","TAN B. C., LUBOS L. & SCHWARZ U. 2000. - New and biogeographically noteworthy records of Philippine mosses from Mindanao Island. Tropical Bryology 18: 27 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / bde. 18.1.5","TAN B. C., VONGKUNA K., MANACHIT S. & SANTANACHOTE K. 2006. - New records of Thailand mosses collected from Chiang Mai Province. Tropical Bryology 27: 95 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / bde. 27.1.13","TAN B. C. & CHOY M. - S. 2002. - The taxonomy, phytogeography and conservation of the Fissidens flora of Singapore, with one new species, F. pseudoceylonensis. Journal of Bryology 24: 45 - 55. https: // doi. org / 10.1179 / 037366802125000340","HO B. - C. 2015. - Additional new and noteworthy moss (Bryophyta) records from Vietnam and Laos. Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 37 (1): 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / bde. 37.1.1"]}

Fissidens wichurae Broth. & M.Fleisch. SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Myanmar, Natma Taung (Mt Victoria), epiphytic in evergreen Oak forest with Taungya succession, 1400 m, 21.2194427N, 94.0699586E, 25.X.2012, P. K. Kine 12_46_11-C1 (DR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga). REMARKS A species widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia (China, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Guinea. Japan, Philippines) (Li & Iwatsuki 2001; Linis 2009; Suzuki & Iwatsuki 2012)., Published as part of Bruggeman-Nannenga, Maria A. & Müller, Frank, 2020, A contribution to the Fissidens Hedw. (Musci, Fissidentaceae) of Myanmar, including F. strictidens sp. nov. and F. pseudoanomalus sp. nov., pp. 229-238 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (18) on page 236, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a18, http://zenodo.org/record/7822194, {"references":["LI Z. - H. & IWATSUKI Z. 2001. - Fissidentaceae, in LI X. - J. & CROSBY M. R. (eds), Moss Flora of China. Volume 2. Beijing & New York, Science Press & St. Louis, Missouri Botanical Garden, 283 p.","LINIS V. C. 2009. - Biogeography of Mindoro mosses. Blumea 54: 290 - 296. https: // doi. org / 10.3767 / 000651909 X 476319","SUZUKI T. & IWATSUKI Z. 2012. - Fissidens (Fissidentaceae, Bryopsida) species newly found in Japan. Hattoria 3: 1 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.18968 / hattoria. 3.0 _ 1"]}

Fissidens strictidens Brugg. -Nann. & Frank Müll., sp. nov. (Figs 1; 2) DIAGNOSIS. — The species is characterized by pluripapillose cells and limbidia restricted to the vaginant lamina. It differs from it congeners by stiff, erect, almost completely divided peristome teeth. HOLOTYPE. — Myanmar, Kachin State, Hponkan Razi, epiphytic in evergreen broadleaved forest, mixed with F. serratus Müll.Hal. and F. pokhrensis Nork. ex S.S. Kumar, 1565 m, 27.548702N, 97.032742E, 14.X.2014, J. Kluge & P. K. Kine 14-031-001b-B (holo-, DR; iso-, L). DESCRIPTION Growing scattered between other mosses and hepatics on bark. Stems 3-4 × 1.5-2 mm, hardly heterocaulous, pinnately foliated, unbranched, some stems with perichaetial branches in axils of subperichaetial and perichaetial leaves of old perichaetia, without or with weak central strand. Rhizoids Brown, smooth. Axillary nodules Not differentiated. Leaves Close, up to 11 pairs,hardly crispate when dry, elliptic-lanceolate with acute-acuminate apex, (0.9-)1-1.2(-1.3) × (0.2-) 0.3 mm, 3.5-4.1(-5.2) times as long as wide, margin crenulate, limbate on the vaginant laminae of all well-developed leaves of perichaetial stems, limbidium reaching ± ½ the length of the vaginant lamina in perichaetial leaves, in mid leaves consisting of a few elongated cells only, marginal, reaching insertion of vaginant laminae, up to 19 µm wide, unistratose; vaginant laminae ± ½ the leaf length, at base less wide than the stem, rounded at insertion, ± decurrent, unistratose, slightly unequal; basal part of dorsal lamina rounded, reaching the insertion, not decurrent; dorsal and apical lamina unistratose. Costa Percurrent to excurrent, in cross-section bryoides-type. Lumina Of mid dorsal laminal cells (3-)3.5-5(-6) × (2-)3-4.5(-5.5) µm, 3-4 papillose. Of mid vaginant laminal cells oblong, (5-)5.5-8 (-9.5) × (2.5-)3-4.5(-5.0) µm, 3-4 papillose. Gemmae Not observed. Fertile parts Perigonia and perichaetia on the same stem, perigonia terminal on ± stemless, 0.4-0.5 mm long branches; antheridia 200 µm long; perichaetia terminal on main stems and short, circa 0.35-0.4 mm long branches, archegonia 250-265 µm long, perichaetial leaves 1.5 mm long; calyptra not observed. Sporophyte, seta 2 mm long, smooth, 1 per perichaetium; capsule erect, 0.6 × 0.3 mm, with ± 32 columns of quadraticoblong exothecial cells, with stomata; peristome anomalous, teeth erect, ± completely divided (Fig. 1A); operculum not observed; spores subglobose, (7.0-)7.5-9.5(-11.5) × (5.0-)6- 7.5(-10.5) µm, papillose. DISCUSSION The new species is characterized by its corticolous habitat, pluripapillose cells and limbidia restricted to the vaginant lamina. The limbidia are found in upper and mid leaves of perichaetial stems and extend about half the length of the vaginant laminae in perichaetial leaves. Its best diagnostic characters are the stiff, erect, almost completely divided peristome teeth (Fig. 1A, B). Gametophytically it closely resembles F.linearis var. obscurirete, F.pokhrensis and F.kurzii. All three have pluripapillose cells, but differ from the new species in having scariosus-type peristomes. Species with pluripapillose cells and limbidia restricted to the vaginant laminae belong to the gametophytically heterogeneous subgenus Aloma (Pursell & Bruggeman-Nannenga 2004). The sporophyte of this subgenus is characterized by ± 32 columns of exothecial cells on the capsule periphery, a scariosus-type of peristome (though anomalous peristomes frequently occur) and by, though this was not mentioned by Pursell & BruggemanNannenga (2004), long rostrate opercula (versus shortly and bluntly rostrate in subg. Fissidens). It is interesting to note that anomalous peristomes are frequently found in corticolous species, e.g. in the Indian F. macrosporus Mitt., the Japanese F.neomagofukui Z.Iwats. & Tad.Suzuki, the pantropical F. lagenarius Mitt. and F.gardneri Mitt. and the African species F. macroglossus (Broth.) Brugg. - Nann. and F. cyatheicola Brugg. -Nann., Published as part of Bruggeman-Nannenga, Maria A. & Müller, Frank, 2020, A contribution to the Fissidens Hedw. (Musci, Fissidentaceae) of Myanmar, including F. strictidens sp. nov. and F. pseudoanomalus sp. nov., pp. 229-238 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (18) on pages 230-233, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a18, http://zenodo.org/record/7822194

Fissidens pseudoanomalus Brugg. -Nann. & Frank Müll., sp. nov. (Figs 3-5) DIAGNOSIS. — The species closely resembles Fissidens anomalus Mont., but differs in the structure of the leaf border zone which is in part bistratose and contains elongated cells. HOLOTYPE. — Myanmar, Hponyin Razi, Lithocarpus - Magnolia - Rhododendron forest, 2632 m, 27.616607N, 96.982848E, 30.X.2013, G. Miehe et al. 13-076-075- F (holo-, DR; iso-, L). FURTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED (paratypes). — Myanmar, Kachin State, Hponkan Razi, evergreen broadleaved forest, 1360 m, 27.58421N, 97.10447E, 24.X.2014, J. Kluge & P. K. Kine 14-050- 12e-A (DR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga); Myanmar, Kachin State, Hponkan Razi, Quercus -Magnolia - Araliaceae forest, 1833 m, 27.603756N, 96.988924E, 16.XI.2013, G. Miehe et al. 13-093-202- B (DR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga). DESCRIPTION Stems Up to 35 mm long and up to 8 mm wide, pinnately foliated, sparsely to heavily branched, central strand well developed. Rhizoids Dark red-brown, heavily branched, smooth. Axillary nodules Not differentiated. Leaves Close to distant, up to 30 pairs, crispate when dry, lanceolate, often falcate, with acute-acuminate apex, 2.4-5.6 × 0.4- 0.95 mm, 5-6 times as long as wide, margin coarsely serrate on dorsal and apical lamina, on the vaginant laminae serrulate with a few distant larger teeth; apical and dorsal lamina with pale, thickened, 3-5 cells wide, uni- to bistratose border of isodiametric and partly elongated cells, margin of vaginant lamina unistratose, hardly differentiated; vaginant laminae ½-ª/5 the leaf length, rounded at insertion, unistratose, slightly unequal; dorsal lamina rounded-truncate below, reaching the insertion, not decurrent; dorsal and apical lamina unistratose. Costa Long excurrent, in cross-section taxifolius-type. Lumina Of mid dorsal laminal cells (6.5-)9.5-10.5(-13.0) × (5-)6.5- 7.5(-9) µm, walls smooth, convex, thin, 1-1.5 µm wide; lumina of mid vaginant laminal cells (8.5-)10-10.7(-12.1) × (5-)6- 6.9(-8.2) µm; walls 2-3 µm wide, smooth; marginal cells of vaginant lamina with more incrassate, 3-4(-5) µm wide walls. Gemmae Not observed. Fertile parts Perigonia not observed. Perichaetia terminal on axillary, short, 1.6-2.5 mm long branches, archegonia 350-450 µm long, perichaetial leaves 1.5-2.1 mm long; calyptra not observed. Sporophyte, seta 3 mm long, smooth, 1 per perichaetium; capsule erect, 1.5 × 1.0 mm, with ± 94 columns of oblong exothecial cells with thick vertical walls, with stomata; peristome taxifolius-type, teeth deeply divided, ± 500 µm long, tooth-base 42-51 µm wide; operculum not observed; spores subglobose, 18.5-22(-25) × 16-20 µm, papillose. DISCUSSION The new species is easily recognized by its large size, the elimbate leaves with a pale, partly bistratose border-zone with elongated cells, coarsely serrate margins and lateral sporophytes with short setae and the reduced taxifolius-type peristome. It is closely resembles F. anomalus Mont. that has a similar sporophyte and a similar peristome. The two differ in the structure of the border zone. That of the new species is in part bistratose and contains elongated cells next to isodiametric cells. In F. anomalus the border zone is unistratose and composed of isodiametric cells. One of the paratypes, Miehe et al. 13-093- 202-B, differs from the other two in having bistratose areas in the dorsal lamina (Fig. 4C lowest cross section). In this respect it resembles F. dubius P.Beauv. and it will key out as that species (e.g., Li & Iwatsuki 2001). It can be distinguished from F. dubius by the structure of the border zone. That of F. dubius is unistratose and is composed entirely of isodiametric cells.

Fissidens serratu s Müll.Hal. SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Myanmar, Kachin State, Hponkan Razi, epiphytic in evergreen boadleaved forest, mixed with F. pokhrensis and F. strictidens, 1565 m, 27.548702N, 97.032742E, 14.X.2014, J. Kluge & P.K. Kine 14-031-001b-B1 (DR, L). REMARKS A pantropical species, widely distributed in SE Asia., Published as part of Bruggeman-Nannenga, Maria A. & Müller, Frank, 2020, A contribution to the Fissidens Hedw. (Musci, Fissidentaceae) of Myanmar, including F. strictidens sp. nov. and F. pseudoanomalus sp. nov., pp. 229-238 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (18) on page 236, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a18, http://zenodo.org/record/7822194

Fissidens pokhrensis Nork. ex S.S.Kumar SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Myanmar, Kachin State, Hponkan Razi, epiphytic in evergreen boadleaved forest, mixed with F. serratus and F. strictidens, 1565 m, 27.548702N, 97.032742E, 14.X.2014, J. Kluge & P.K. Kine 14-031-001b-B2 (DR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga); Natma Taung (Mt Victoria), epiphytic in evergreen Oak forest, 2000 m, 21.2034963N, 94.0236152E, 10.XI.2012, P.K. Kine 12_74_09-F (DR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga). REMARKS The species was described by Kumar (1979) from India (Himachal-Pradesh) and was reported as new to Japan (Honshu) by Suzuki (2017). Fissidens pokhrensis belongs to sect. Semilimbidium Müll.Hal. and is characterized by narrowly lanceolate leaves, a yellow costa ceasing below the apex, pluripapillose laminal cells and smooth setae., Published as part of Bruggeman-Nannenga, Maria A. & Müller, Frank, 2020, A contribution to the Fissidens Hedw. (Musci, Fissidentaceae) of Myanmar, including F. strictidens sp. nov. and F. pseudoanomalus sp. nov., pp. 229-238 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (18) on page 236, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a18, http://zenodo.org/record/7822194, {"references":["KUMAR S. S. 1979. - Notes on two species of Fissidens. Miscellanea bryologica et lichenologica 8: 118 - 120.","SUZUKI T. 2017. - Many interesting mosses newly found in Japan. Hattoria 8: 1 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.18968 / hattoria. 8.0 _ 1"]}

Fissidens crispulus var. robinsonii (Broth.) Z.Iwats. & Z.H.Li SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Myanmar, Natma Taung (Mt Victoria), terrestrial in evergreen Oak forest with Taungya succession, 1200 m, 21.1885256N, 94.0797489E, 2.XI.2012, P. K. Kine 12_57_05-A & 12_57_08 (DR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga). REMARKS The taxon is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia (China, India, Philippines, Indonesia, Singapore, New Guinea, Malaysia, Laos, and South Korea), it is also known from New Caledonia, was reported as new for Africa by Shevock et al. (2013), and from the subtropical Kermadec Is in New Zealand by Beever (2014)., Published as part of Bruggeman-Nannenga, Maria A. & Müller, Frank, 2020, A contribution to the Fissidens Hedw. (Musci, Fissidentaceae) of Myanmar, including F. strictidens sp. nov. and F. pseudoanomalus sp. nov., pp. 229-238 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (18) on page 236, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a18, http://zenodo.org/record/7822194, {"references":["SHEVOCK J. R., PURSELL R. A., GARCIA C. A., BRUGGEMAN- NAN- NENGA M. A. & SERGIO C. 2013. - The genus Fissidens in the Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, Gulf of Guinea, West Africa. Journal of Bryology 35 (3): 197 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1179 / 17 43282013 Y. 0000000060","BEEVER J. E. 2014. - Fissidentaceae, in HEENAN P. B., BRE- ITWIESER I. & WILTON A. D. Flora of New Zealand - Mosses. Fascicle 8. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln. https: // doi. org / 10.7931 / J 24 Q 7 RWN"]}

Fissidens strictidens Brugg.-Nann. & Frank Mull., sp. nov., belonging to Fissidens subg. Aloma Kindb., and Fissidens pseudoanomalus Brugg.-Nann. & Frank Mull., sp. nov., belonging to Fissidens subg. Pachyfissidens (Mull.Hal.) Kindb. sect. Pachyfissidens, are described and figured from material collected in Kachin State, Myanmar. Fissidens biformis Mitt., Fissidens crispulus var. robinsonii (Broth.) Z.Iwats. & Z.H.Li, Fissidens guangdongensis Z.Iwats. & Z.H.Li, Fissidens linearis var. obscuriretis (Broth. & Paris) I.G.Stone, Fissidens pokhrensis Nork. ex S.S.Kumar, Fissidens serratus Mull.Hal., and Fissidens wichurae Broth. & M.Fleisch. are newly recorded for Myanmar.

Fissidens linearis var. obscuriretis (Broth. & Paris) I.G.Stone SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Myanmar, Kachin State, Hponkan Razi, evergreen broadleaved rainforest, epiphytic, 1048 m, 27.561667N, 97.108695E, 27.X.2014, J. Kluge & P. K. Kine 14-054-001d-A (DR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga). REMARKS The taxon was described as Fissidens obscuriretis Broth. & Paris from New Caledonia (Brotherus 1909) and was later transferred to the rank of a variety of F. linearis Brid. by Stone (1991). The taxa has previously been reported from Australia (e.g. Stone 1991; Cairns et al. 2019), China (Li 1985; Redfearn et al. 1996), Fiji (Iwatsuki & Suzuki 1996), Korea (Li & Iwatsuki 2001), Japan (Iwatsuki 1991), New Caledonia (type), Taiwan (Li & Iwatsuki 2001), New Hebrides, Vanuatu (Iwatsuki & Suzuki 1995), Papua New Guinea (Suzuki & Iwatsuki 2011), and Philippines (Tan & Iwatsuki 1991). A record from India (Manjula et al. 2015) seems to be Fissidens speluncae Herzog., Published as part of Bruggeman-Nannenga, Maria A. & Müller, Frank, 2020, A contribution to the Fissidens Hedw. (Musci, Fissidentaceae) of Myanmar, including F. strictidens sp. nov. and F. pseudoanomalus sp. nov., pp. 229-238 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (18) on page 236, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a18, http://zenodo.org/record/7822194, {"references":["BROTHERUS V. F. 1909. - Contribution a la flore bryologique de la Nouvelle Caledonie II. Ofversight af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Forhandlingar 51 A (17): 1 - 31.","STONE I. G. 1991. - Fissidens linearis Brid. and its synonyms. Journal of Bryology 16: 403 - 405. https: // doi. org / 10.1179 / jbr. 1991.16.3.403","CAIRNS A., MEAGHER D. & RAMSAY H. 2019. - A revised checklist of the moss flora of the Australian Wet Tropics. Telopea 22: 1 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.7751 / telopea 13208","LI Z. - H. 1985. - A revision of the Chinese species of Fissidens (Musci, Fissidentaceae). Acta Botanica Fennica 129: 1 - 65.","REDFEARN P. L. JR., TAN B. C. & HE S. 1996. - A newly updated and annotated checklist of Chinese mosses. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 79: 163 - 357.","IWATSUKI Z. & SUZUKI T. 1996. - Fissidens in the Fiji Islands. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 79: 139 - 162.","LI Z. - H. & IWATSUKI Z. 2001. - Fissidentaceae, in LI X. - J. & CROSBY M. R. (eds), Moss Flora of China. Volume 2. Beijing & New York, Science Press & St. Louis, Missouri Botanical Garden, 283 p.","IWATSUKI Z. 1991. - Catalog of the Mosses of Japan. Hattori Botanical Laboratory, Nichinan, 182 p.","IWATSUKI Z. & SUZUKI T. 1995. - Fissidens (Musci, Fissidentaceae) in Vanuatu (New Hebrides) collected by Dr. M. Higuchi. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica 40: 153 - 158.","SUZUKI T. & IWATSUKI Z. 2011. - Fissidens (Fissidentaceae, Bryopsida) from Papua New Guinea located in the herbarium of the Australian National Botanical Gardens (CBG). Hattoria 2: 1 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.18968 / hattoria. 2.0 _ 1","TAN B. C. & IWATSUKI Z. 1991. - A new annotated Philippine moss checklist. Harvard Papers in Botany 3: 1 - 64.","MANJULA K. M., MANJU C. N., RAJILESH V. K. & CHANDINI V. K. 2015. - Fissidens linearis (Fissidentaceae: Bryophyta) a new record for India. Acta Botanica Hungarica 57 (1 - 2): 165 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.1556 / ABot. 57.2015.1 - 2.12"]}