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1. Age and sex influence antibody profiles associated with tuberculosis progression

Author

Davies, Leela R. L., Wang, Chuangqi, Steigler, Pia, Bowman, Kathryn A., Fischinger, Stephanie, Hatherill, Mark, Fisher, Michelle, Mbandi, Stanley Kimbung, Rodo, Miguel, Ottenhoff, Tom H. M., Dockrell, Hazel M., Sutherland, Jayne S., Mayanja-Kizza, Harriet, Boom, W. Henry, Walzl, Gerhard, Kaufmann, Stefan H. E., Nemes, Elisa, Scriba, Thomas J., Lauffenburger, Douglas, Alter, Galit, and Fortune, Sarah M.

Published
2024
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2. Hybrid Immunity Shifts the Fc-Effector Quality of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine-Induced Immunity

Author

Bowman, Kathryn A, Stein, Daniel, Shin, Sally, Ferbas, Kathie G, Tobin, Nicole H, Mann, Colin, Fischinger, Stephanie, Saphire, Erica Ollmann, Lauffenburger, Douglas, Rimoin, Anne W, Aldrovandi, Grace, and Alter, Galit

Subjects
Pneumonia & Influenza, Infectious Diseases, Immunization, Lung, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Related, Biodefense, Prevention, Biotechnology, Pneumonia, 3.4 Vaccines, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Infection, Inflammatory and immune system, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, COVID-19 Vaccines, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Viral Vaccines, Antibodies, Viral, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Vaccination, RNA, Messenger, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Immunity, Humoral, Fc-receptors, hybrid immunity, antibody function, vaccines, Microbiology
Abstract

Despite the robust immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, emerging data have revealed enhanced neutralizing antibody and T cell cross-reactivity among individuals that previously experienced COVID-19, pointing to a hybrid immune advantage with infection-associated immune priming. Beyond neutralizing antibodies and T cell immunity, mounting data point to a potential role for additional antibody effector functions, including opsinophagocytic activity, in the resolution of symptomatic COVID-19. Whether hybrid immunity modifies the Fc-effector profile of the mRNA vaccine-induced immune response remains incompletely understood. Thus, here we profiled the SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral immune response in a group of individuals with and without prior COVID-19. As expected, hybrid Spike-specific antibody titers were enhanced following the primary dose of the mRNA vaccine but were similar to those achieved by naive vaccinees after the second mRNA vaccine dose. Conversely, Spike-specific vaccine-induced Fc-receptor binding antibody levels were higher after the primary immunization in individuals with prior COVID-19 and remained higher following the second dose compared to those in naive individuals, suggestive of a selective improvement in the quality, rather than the quantity, of the hybrid humoral immune response. Thus, while the magnitude of antibody titers alone may suggest that any two antigen exposures-either hybrid immunity or two doses of vaccine alone-represent a comparable prime/boost immunologic education, we find that hybrid immunity offers a qualitatively improved antibody response able to better leverage Fc-effector functions against conserved regions of the virus. IMPORTANCE Recent data indicates improved immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in individuals who experience a combination of two mRNA vaccine doses and infection, "hybrid immunity," compared to individuals who receive vaccination or experience infection alone. While previous infection accelerates the vaccine-induced immune response following the first dose of mRNA vaccination, subsequent doses demonstrate negligible increases in antibody titers or T cell immunity. Here, using systems serology, we observed a unique antibody profile induced by hybrid immunity, marked by the unique induction of robust Fc-recruiting antibodies directed at the conserved region of the viral Spike antigen, the S2-domain, induced at lower levels in individuals who only received mRNA vaccination. Thus, hybrid immunity clearly redirects vaccine-induced immunodominance, resulting in the induction of a robust functional humoral immune response to the most highly conserved region of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike antigen, which may be key to protection against existing and emerging variants of concern. Thus, next-generation vaccines able to mimic hybrid immunity and drive a balanced response to conserved regions of the Spike antigen may confer enhanced protection against disease.

Published
2022

4. ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine-induced Fc receptor binding tracks with differential susceptibility to COVID-19

Author

Kaplonek, Paulina, Cizmeci, Deniz, Kwatra, Gaurav, Izu, Alane, Lee, Jessica Shih-Lu, Bertera, Harry L., Fischinger, Stephanie, Mann, Colin, Amanat, Fatima, Wang, Wenjun, Koen, Anthonet L., Fairlie, Lee, Cutland, Clare L., Ahmed, Khatija, Dheda, Keertan, Barnabas, Shaun L., Bhorat, Qasim Ebrahim, Briner, Carmen, Krammer, Florian, Saphire, Erica Ollman, Gilbert, Sarah C., Lambe, Teresa, Pollard, Andrew J., Nunes, Marta, Wuhrer, Manfred, Lauffenburger, Douglas A., Madhi, Shabir A., and Alter, Galit

Published
2023
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6. Diagnostic TR-FRET assays for detection of antibodies in patient samples

Author

Yue, Hong, Nowak, Radosław P., Overwijn, Daan, Payne, N. Connor, Fischinger, Stephanie, Atyeo, Caroline, Lam, Evan C., St. Denis, Kerri, Brais, Lauren K., Konishi, Yoshinobu, Sklavenitis-Pistofidis, Romanos, Baden, Lindsey R., Nilles, Eric J., Karlson, Elizabeth W., Yu, Xu G., Li, Jonathan Z., Woolley, Ann E., Ghobrial, Irene M., Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A., Balazs, Alejandro B., Alter, Galit, Mazitschek, Ralph, and Fischer, Eric S.

Published
2023
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8. Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a prospective cohort study

Author

Haydu, J. Erika, Maron, Jenny S., Redd, Robert A., Gallagher, Kathleen M.E., Fischinger, Stephanie, Barnes, Jeffrey A., Hochberg, Ephraim P., Johnson, P. Connor, Takvorian, R.W., Katsis, Katelin, Portman, Daneal, Ruiters, Jade, Sechio, Sidney, Devlin, Mary, Regan, Connor, Blumenthal, Kimberly G., Banerji, Aleena, Judd, Allen D., Scorsune, Krista J., McGree, Brianne M., Sherburne, Maryanne M., Lynch, Julia M., Weitzman, James I., Lei, Matthew, Kotton, Camille N., Dighe, Anand S., Maus, Marcela V., Alter, Galit, Abramson, Jeremy S., and Soumerai, Jacob D.

Published
2022
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9. Adjuvanting a subunit COVID-19 vaccine to induce protective immunity

Author

Arunachalam, Prabhu S., Walls, Alexandra C., Golden, Nadia, Atyeo, Caroline, Fischinger, Stephanie, Li, Chunfeng, Aye, Pyone, Navarro, Mary Jane, Lai, Lilin, Edara, Venkata Viswanadh, Roltgen, Katharina, Rogers, Kenneth, Shirreff, Lisa, Ferrell, Douglas E., Wrenn, Samuel, Pettie, Deleah, and Kraft, John C.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

The development of a portfolio of COVID-19 vaccines to vaccinate the global population remains an urgent public health imperative.sup.1. Here we demonstrate the capacity of a subunit vaccine, comprising the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain displayed on an I53-50 protein nanoparticle scaffold (hereafter designated RBD-NP), to stimulate robust and durable neutralizing-antibody responses and protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques. We evaluated five adjuvants including Essai O/W 1849101, a squalene-in-water emulsion; AS03, an [alpha]-tocopherol-containing oil-in-water emulsion; AS37, a Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist adsorbed to alum; CpG1018-alum, a TLR9 agonist formulated in alum; and alum. RBD-NP immunization with AS03, CpG1018-alum, AS37 or alum induced substantial neutralizing-antibody and CD4 T cell responses, and conferred protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pharynges, nares and bronchoalveolar lavage. The neutralizing-antibody response to live virus was maintained up to 180 days after vaccination with RBD-NP in AS03 (RBD-NP-AS03), and correlated with protection from infection. RBD-NP immunization cross-neutralized the B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 variant efficiently but showed a reduced response against the B.1.351 variant. RBD-NP-AS03 produced a 4.5-fold reduction in neutralization of B.1.351 whereas the group immunized with RBD-NP-AS37 produced a 16-fold reduction in neutralization of B.1.351, suggesting differences in the breadth of the neutralizing-antibody response induced by these adjuvants. Furthermore, RBD-NP-AS03 was as immunogenic as a prefusion-stabilized spike immunogen (HexaPro) with AS03 adjuvant. These data highlight the efficacy of the adjuvanted RBD-NP vaccine in promoting protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and have led to phase I/II clinical trials of this vaccine (NCT04742738 and NCT04750343). Trials in rhesus macaques show that a subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, comprising the spike protein receptor-binding domain displayed on a nanoparticle protein scaffold, produces a robust protective response against the virus., Author(s): Prabhu S. Arunachalam [sup.1] , Alexandra C. Walls [sup.2] , Nadia Golden [sup.3] , Caroline Atyeo [sup.4] , Stephanie Fischinger [sup.4] , Chunfeng Li [sup.1] , Pyone Aye [sup.3] [...]

Published
2021
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10. Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Common Among ART-Treated People With HIV

Author

Overton, Edgar T., Weir, Isabelle R., Zanni, Markella V., Fischinger, Stephanie, MacArthur, Rodger D., Aberg, Judith A., Fitch, Kathleen V., Frank, Michael, Albrecht, Helmut, Goodenough, Elliot, Rhame, Frank S., Fichtenbaum, Carl J., Bloomfield, Gerald S., Malvestutto, Carlos, Supparatpinyo, Khuanchai, McCallum, Sara, Douglas, Pamela S., Alter, Galit, Ribaudo, Heather, and Grinspoon, Steven K.

Published
2022
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11. Humoral signatures of protective and pathological SARS-CoV-2 infection in children

Author

Bartsch, Yannic C., Wang, Chuangqi, Zohar, Tomer, Fischinger, Stephanie, Atyeo, Caroline, Burke, John S., and Kang, Jaewon

Subjects
Epidemics -- Demographic aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Complications and side effects, Biological sciences, Health
Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic continues to spread relentlessly, associated with a high frequency of respiratory failure and mortality. Children experience largely asymptomatic disease, with rare reports of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Identifying immune mechanisms that result in these disparate clinical phenotypes in children could provide critical insights into coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis. Using systems serology, in this study we observed in 25 children with acute mild COVID-19 a functional phagocyte and complement-activating IgG response to SARS-CoV-2, similar to the acute responses generated in adults with mild disease. Conversely, IgA and neutrophil responses were significantly expanded in adults with severe disease. Moreover, weeks after the resolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection, children who develop MIS-C maintained highly inflammatory monocyte-activating SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, distinguishable from acute disease in children but with antibody levels similar to those in convalescent adults. Collectively, these data provide unique insights into the potential mechanisms of IgG and IgA that might underlie differential disease severity as well as unexpected complications in children infected with SARS-CoV-2. A study of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) shows maintenance of elevated levels of monocyte-activating pathogen-specific IgG not seen in children infected with SARS-CoV-2 who do not develop MIS-C., Author(s): Yannic C. Bartsch [sup.1] , Chuangqi Wang [sup.2] , Tomer Zohar [sup.1] [sup.2] , Stephanie Fischinger [sup.1] , Caroline Atyeo [sup.1] , John S. Burke [sup.1] , Jaewon Kang [...]

Published
2021
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12. Pediatric Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Clinical Presentation, Infectivity, and Immune Responses

Author

Yonker, Lael M., Neilan, Anne M., Bartsch, Yannic, Patel, Ankit B., Regan, James, Arya, Puneeta, Gootkind, Elizabeth, Park, Grace, Hardcastle, Margot, St. John, Anita, Appleman, Lori, Chiu, Michelle L., Fialkowski, Allison, De la Flor, Denis, Lima, Rosiane, Bordt, Evan A., Yockey, Laura J., D'Avino, Paolo, Fischinger, Stephanie, Shui, Jessica E., Lerou, Paul H., Bonventre, Joseph V., Yu, Xu G., Ryan, Edward T., Bassett, Ingrid V., Irimia, Daniel, Edlow, Andrea G., Alter, Galit, Li, Jonathan Z., and Fasano, Alessio

Published
2020
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13. Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 severe clinical disease in hamsters

Author

Tostanoski, Lisa H., Wegmann, Frank, Martinot, Amanda J., Loos, Carolin, McMahan, Katherine, Mercado, Noe B., Yu, Jingyou, Chan, Chi N., Bondoc, Stephen, Starke, Carly E., Nekorchuk, Michael, Busman-Sahay, Kathleen, Piedra-Mora, Cesar, Wrijil, Linda M., Ducat, Sarah, Custers, Jerome, Atyeo, Caroline, Fischinger, Stephanie, Burke, John S., Feldman, Jared, Hauser, Blake M., Caradonna, Timothy M., Bondzie, Esther A., Dagotto, Gabriel, Gebre, Makda S., Jacob-Dolan, Catherine, Lin, Zijin, Mahrokhian, Shant H., Nampanya, Felix, Nityanandam, Ramya, Pessaint, Laurent, Porto, Maciel, Ali, Vaneesha, Benetiene, Dalia, Tevi, Komlan, Andersen, Hanne, Lewis, Mark G., Schmidt, Aaron G., Lauffenburger, Douglas A., Alter, Galit, Estes, Jacob D., Schuitemaker, Hanneke, Zahn, Roland, and Barouch, Dan H.

Published
2020
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14. Persistence of viral RNA in lymph nodes in ART-suppressed SIV/SHIV-infected Rhesus Macaques

Author

Cadena, Anthony M., Ventura, John D., Abbink, Peter, Borducchi, Erica N., Tuyishime, Hubert, Mercado, Noe B., Walker-Sperling, Victoria, Siamatu, Mazuba, Liu, Po-Ting, Chandrashekar, Abishek, Nkolola, Joseph P., McMahan, Katherine, Kordana, Nicole, Hamza, Venous, Bondzie, Esther A., Fray, Emily, Kumar, Mithra, Fischinger, Stephanie, Shin, Sally A., Lewis, Mark G., Siliciano, Robert F., Alter, Galit, and Barouch, Dan H.

Published
2021
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15. Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability

Author

Bartsch, Yannic C., Fischinger, Stephanie, Siddiqui, Sameed M., Chen, Zhilin, Yu, Jingyou, Gebre, Makda, Atyeo, Caroline, Gorman, Matthew J., Zhu, Alex Lee, Kang, Jaewon, Burke, John S., Slein, Matthew, Gluck, Matthew J., Beger, Samuel, Hu, Yiyuan, Rhee, Justin, Petersen, Eric, Mormann, Benjamin, Aubin, Michael de St, Hasdianda, Mohammad A., Jambaulikar, Guruprasad, Boyer, Edward W., Sabeti, Pardis C., Barouch, Dan H., Julg, Boris D., Musk, Elon R., Menon, Anil S., Lauffenburger, Douglas A., Nilles, Eric J., and Alter, Galit

Published
2021
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16. SARS-CoV-2 RBD trimer protein adjuvanted with Alum-3M-052 protects from SARS-CoV-2 infection and immune pathology in the lung

Author

Routhu, Nanda Kishore, Cheedarla, Narayanaiah, Bollimpelli, Venkata Satish, Gangadhara, Sailaja, Edara, Venkata Viswanadh, Lai, Lilin, Sahoo, Anusmita, Shiferaw, Ayalnesh, Styles, Tiffany M., Floyd, Katharine, Fischinger, Stephanie, Atyeo, Caroline, Shin, Sally A., Gumber, Sanjeev, Kirejczyk, Shannon, Dinnon, III, Kenneth H., Shi, Pei-Yong, Menachery, Vineet D., Tomai, Mark, Fox, Christopher B., Alter, Galit, Vanderford, Thomas H., Gralinski, Lisa, Suthar, Mehul S., and Amara, Rama Rao

Published
2021
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17. Single-shot Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques

Author

Mercado, Noe B., Zahn, Roland, Wegmann, Frank, Loos, Carolin, Chandrashekar, Abishek, Yu, Jingyou, Liu, Jinyan, Peter, Lauren, McMahan, Katherine, Tostanoski, Lisa H., He, Xuan, Martinez, David R., Rutten, Lucy, Bos, Rinke, van Manen, Danielle, Vellinga, Jort, Custers, Jerome, Langedijk, Johannes P., Kwaks, Ted, Bakkers, Mark J. G., Zuijdgeest, David, Rosendahl Huber, Sietske K., Atyeo, Caroline, Fischinger, Stephanie, Burke, John S., Feldman, Jared, Hauser, Blake M., Caradonna, Timothy M., Bondzie, Esther A., Dagotto, Gabriel, Gebre, Makda S., Hoffman, Emily, Jacob-Dolan, Catherine, Kirilova, Marinela, Li, Zhenfeng, Lin, Zijin, Mahrokhian, Shant H., Maxfield, Lori F., Nampanya, Felix, Nityanandam, Ramya, Nkolola, Joseph P., Patel, Shivani, Ventura, John D., Verrington, Kaylee, Wan, Huahua, Pessaint, Laurent, Van Ry, Alex, Blade, Kelvin, Strasbaugh, Amanda, Cabus, Mehtap, Brown, Renita, Cook, Anthony, Zouantchangadou, Serge, Teow, Elyse, Andersen, Hanne, Lewis, Mark G., Cai, Yongfei, Chen, Bing, Schmidt, Aaron G., Reeves, R. Keith, Baric, Ralph S., Lauffenburger, Douglas A., Alter, Galit, Stoffels, Paul, Mammen, Mathai, Van Hoof, Johan, Schuitemaker, Hanneke, and Barouch, Dan H.

Published
2020
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18. Antibody and TLR7 agonist delay viral rebound in SHIV-infected monkeys

Author

Borducchi, Erica N., Liu, Jinyan, Nkolola, Joseph P., Cadena, Anthony M., Yu, Wen-Han, Fischinger, Stephanie, and Broge, Thomas

Subjects
Antibodies -- Health aspects, Toll-like receptors -- Health aspects, HIV infections -- Drug therapy, Antiretroviral agents -- Dosage and administration, Highly active antiretroviral therapy, Infection, Biological products, Antiviral agents, Monkeys, Medical research, HIV, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

The latent viral reservoir is the critical barrier for the development of a cure for HIV-1 infection. Previous studies have shown direct antiviral activity of potent HIV-1 Env-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) administered when antiretroviral therapy (ART) was discontinued, but it remains unclear whether bNAbs can target the viral reservoir during ART. Here we show that administration of the V3 glycan-dependent bNAb PGT121 together with the Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist vesatolimod (GS-9620) during ART delayed viral rebound following discontinuation of ART in simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-SF162P3-infected rhesus monkeys in which ART was initiated during early acute infection. Moreover, in the subset of monkeys that were treated with both PGT121 and GS-9620 and that did not show viral rebound after discontinuation of ART, adoptive transfer studies and CD8-depletion studies also did not reveal virus. These data demonstrate the potential of bNAb administration together with innate immune stimulation as a possible strategy for targeting the viral reservoir.In monkeys infected with an AIDS-like virus, a combination of a broadly neutralizing antibody and an immune stimulator during antiretroviral therapy suppressed viral rebound after antiretroviral drug discontinuation., Author(s): Erica N. Borducchi [sup.1] , Jinyan Liu [sup.1] , Joseph P. Nkolola [sup.1] , Anthony M. Cadena [sup.1] , Wen-Han Yu [sup.2] , Stephanie Fischinger [sup.2] , Thomas Broge [...]

Published
2018
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21. Targeting HIV Env immunogens to B cell follicles in nonhuman primates through immune complex or protein nanoparticle formulations

Author

Martin, Jacob T., Cottrell, Christopher A., Antanasijevic, Aleksandar, Carnathan, Diane G., Cossette, Benjamin J., Enemuo, Chiamaka A., Gebru, Etse H., Choe, Yury, Viviano, Federico, Fischinger, Stephanie, Tokatlian, Talar, Cirelli, Kimberly M., Ueda, George, Copps, Jeffrey, Schiffner, Torben, Menis, Sergey, Alter, Galit, Schief, William R., Crotty, Shane, King, Neil P., Baker, David, Silvestri, Guido, Ward, Andrew B., and Irvine, Darrell J.

Published
2020
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22. A single dose intranasal combination panebolavirus vaccine

Author

Malherbe, Delphine C, primary, Kimble, J Brian, additional, Atyeo, Caroline, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Meyer, Michelle, additional, Cody, S. Gabrielle, additional, Hyde, Matthew, additional, Alter, Galit, additional, and Bukreyev, Alexander, additional

Published
2023
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23. Lectin Fingerprinting Distinguishes Antibody Neutralization in SARS-CoV-2

Author

Wuo, Michael G., primary, Dugan, Amanda E., additional, Halim, Melanie, additional, Hauser, Blake M., additional, Feldman, Jared, additional, Caradonna, Timothy M., additional, Zhang, Shuting, additional, Pepi, Lauren E., additional, Atyeo, Caroline, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Alter, Galit, additional, Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo F., additional, Azadi, Parastoo, additional, Hung, Deb, additional, Schmidt, Aaron G., additional, and Kiessling, Laura L., additional

Published
2023
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24. Hybrid Immunity Shifts the Fc-Effector Quality of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine-Induced Immunity

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Bowman, Kathryn A, Stein, Daniel, Shin, Sally, Ferbas, Kathie G, Tobin, Nicole H, Mann, Colin, Fischinger, Stephanie, Ollmann Saphire, Erica, Lauffenburger, Douglas, Rimoin, Anne W, Aldrovandi, Grace, Alter, Galit, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Bowman, Kathryn A, Stein, Daniel, Shin, Sally, Ferbas, Kathie G, Tobin, Nicole H, Mann, Colin, Fischinger, Stephanie, Ollmann Saphire, Erica, Lauffenburger, Douglas, Rimoin, Anne W, Aldrovandi, Grace, and Alter, Galit

Abstract

Recent data indicates improved immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in individuals who experience a combination of two mRNA vaccine doses and infection, “hybrid immunity,” compared to individuals who receive vaccination or experience infection alone. While previous infection accelerates the vaccine-induced immune response following the first dose of mRNA vaccination, subsequent doses demonstrate negligible increases in antibody titers or T cell immunity.

Published
2023

25. mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccines elicit antibodies with differences in Fc-mediated effector functions

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Kaplonek, Paulina, Cizmeci, Deniz, Fischinger, Stephanie, Collier, Ai-ris, Suscovich, Todd, Linde, Caitlyn, Broge, Thomas, Mann, Colin, Amanat, Fatima, Dayal, Diana, Rhee, Justin, de St Aubin, Michael, Nilles, Eric J, Musk, Elon R, Menon, Anil S, Saphire, Erica Ollmann, Krammer, Florian, Lauffenburger, Douglas A, Barouch, Dan H, Alter, Galit, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Kaplonek, Paulina, Cizmeci, Deniz, Fischinger, Stephanie, Collier, Ai-ris, Suscovich, Todd, Linde, Caitlyn, Broge, Thomas, Mann, Colin, Amanat, Fatima, Dayal, Diana, Rhee, Justin, de St Aubin, Michael, Nilles, Eric J, Musk, Elon R, Menon, Anil S, Saphire, Erica Ollmann, Krammer, Florian, Lauffenburger, Douglas A, Barouch, Dan H, and Alter, Galit

Abstract

The successful development of several coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines has substantially reduced morbidity and mortality in regions of the world where the vaccines have been deployed. However, in the wake of the emergence of viral variants that are able to evade vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies, real-world vaccine efficacy has begun to show differences across the two approved mRNA platforms, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273; these findings suggest that subtle variation in immune responses induced by the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines may confer differential protection. Given our emerging appreciation for the importance of additional antibody functions beyond neutralization, we profiled the postboost binding and functional capacity of humoral immune responses induced by the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines in a cohort of hospital staff. Both vaccines induced robust humoral immune responses to wild-type severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to variants of concern. However, differences emerged across epitope-specific responses, with higher concentrations of receptor binding domain (RBD)– and N-terminal domain–specific IgA observed in recipients of mRNA-1273. Antibodies eliciting neutrophil phagocytosis and natural killer cell activation were also increased in mRNA-1273 vaccine recipients as compared to BNT162b2 recipients. RBD-specific antibody depletion highlighted the different roles of non–RBD-specific antibody effector functions induced across the mRNA vaccines. These data provide insights into potential differences in protective immunity conferred by these vaccines.

Published
2023

26. The Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Development Is Associated with Clearance of RNAemia

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Wang, Chuangqi, Li, Yijia, Kaplonek, Paulina, Gentili, Matteo, Fischinger, Stephanie, Bowman, Kathryn A, Sade-Feldman, Moshe, Kays, Kyle R, Regan, James, Flynn, James P, Goldberg, Marcia B, Hacohen, Nir, Filbin, Michael R, Lauffenburger, Douglas A, Alter, Galit, Li, Jonathan Z, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Wang, Chuangqi, Li, Yijia, Kaplonek, Paulina, Gentili, Matteo, Fischinger, Stephanie, Bowman, Kathryn A, Sade-Feldman, Moshe, Kays, Kyle R, Regan, James, Flynn, James P, Goldberg, Marcia B, Hacohen, Nir, Filbin, Michael R, Lauffenburger, Douglas A, Alter, Galit, and Li, Jonathan Z

Abstract

We showed that persistent SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia is an independent predictor of severe COVID-19. We observed that SARS-CoV-2-targeted antibody maturation, specifically Fc-effector functions rather than neutralization, was strongly linked with the ability to rapidly clear viremia.

Published
2023

27. A Mycobacterium tuberculosis Specific IgG3 Signature of Recurrent Tuberculosis

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Fischinger, Stephanie, Cizmeci, Deniz, Shin, Sally, Davies, Leela, Grace, Patricia S, Sivro, Aida, Yende-Zuma, Nonhlanhla, Streeck, Hendrik, Fortune, Sarah M, Lauffenburger, Douglas A, Naidoo, Kogieleum, Alter, Galit, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Fischinger, Stephanie, Cizmeci, Deniz, Shin, Sally, Davies, Leela, Grace, Patricia S, Sivro, Aida, Yende-Zuma, Nonhlanhla, Streeck, Hendrik, Fortune, Sarah M, Lauffenburger, Douglas A, Naidoo, Kogieleum, and Alter, Galit

Abstract

South Africa has the highest prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection globally. Recurrent TB, caused by relapse or reinfection, makes up the majority of TB cases in South Africa, and HIV infected individuals have a greater likelihood of developing recurrent TB. Given that TB remains a leading cause of death for HIV infected individuals, and correlates of TB recurrence protection/risk have yet to be defined, here we sought to understand the antibody associated mechanisms of recurrent TB by investigating the humoral response in a longitudinal cohort of HIV co-infected individuals previously treated for TB with and without recurrent disease during follow-up, in order to identify antibody correlates of protection between individuals who do not have recurrent TB and individuals who do. We used a high-throughput, “systems serology” approach to profile biophysical and functional characteristics of antibodies targeting antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Differences in antibody profiles were noted between individuals with and without recurrent TB, albeit these differences were largely observed close to the time of re-diagnosis. Individuals with recurrent TB had decreased Mtb-antigen specific IgG3 titers, but not other IgG subclasses or IgA, compared to control individuals. These data point to a potential role for Mtb-specific IgG3 responses as biomarkers or direct mediators of protective immunity against Mtb recurrence.

Published
2023

28. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection elicits sexually dimorphic placental immune responses

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Bordt, Evan A, Shook, Lydia L, Atyeo, Caroline, Pullen, Krista M, De Guzman, Rose M, Meinsohn, Marie-Charlotte, Chauvin, Maeva, Fischinger, Stephanie, Yockey, Laura J, James, Kaitlyn, Lima, Rosiane, Yonker, Lael M, Fasano, Alessio, Brigida, Sara, Bebell, Lisa M, Roberts, Drucilla J, Pépin, David, Huh, Jun R, Bilbo, Staci D, Li, Jonathan Z, Kaimal, Anjali, Schust, Danny J, Gray, Kathryn J, Lauffenburger, Douglas, Alter, Galit, Edlow, Andrea G, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Bordt, Evan A, Shook, Lydia L, Atyeo, Caroline, Pullen, Krista M, De Guzman, Rose M, Meinsohn, Marie-Charlotte, Chauvin, Maeva, Fischinger, Stephanie, Yockey, Laura J, James, Kaitlyn, Lima, Rosiane, Yonker, Lael M, Fasano, Alessio, Brigida, Sara, Bebell, Lisa M, Roberts, Drucilla J, Pépin, David, Huh, Jun R, Bilbo, Staci D, Li, Jonathan Z, Kaimal, Anjali, Schust, Danny J, Gray, Kathryn J, Lauffenburger, Douglas, Alter, Galit, and Edlow, Andrea G

Abstract

Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection drives sexually dimorphic placental immune responses and reduces SARS-CoV-2–specific antibody transfer to male fetuses.

Published
2023

29. Publisher Correction: Single-shot Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques

Author

Mercado, Noe B., Zahn, Roland, Wegmann, Frank, Loos, Carolin, Chandrashekar, Abishek, Yu, Jingyou, Liu, Jinyan, Peter, Lauren, McMahan, Katherine, Tostanoski, Lisa H., He, Xuan, Martinez, David R., Rutten, Lucy, Bos, Rinke, van Manen, Danielle, Vellinga, Jort, Custers, Jerome, Langedijk, Johannes P., Kwaks, Ted, Bakkers, Mark J. G., Zuijdgeest, David, Huber, Sietske K. Rosendahl, Atyeo, Caroline, Fischinger, Stephanie, Burke, John S., Feldman, Jared, Hauser, Blake M., Caradonna, Timothy M., Bondzie, Esther A., Dagotto, Gabriel, Gebre, Makda S., Hoffman, Emily, Jacob-Dolan, Catherine, Kirilova, Marinela, Li, Zhenfeng, Lin, Zijin, Mahrokhian, Shant H., Maxfield, Lori F., Nampanya, Felix, Nityanandam, Ramya, Nkolola, Joseph P., Patel, Shivani, Ventura, John D., Verrington, Kaylee, Wan, Huahua, Pessaint, Laurent, Van Ry, Alex, Blade, Kelvin, Strasbaugh, Amanda, Cabus, Mehtap, Brown, Renita, Cook, Anthony, Zouantchangadou, Serge, Teow, Elyse, Andersen, Hanne, Lewis, Mark G., Cai, Yongfei, Chen, Bing, Schmidt, Aaron G., Reeves, R. Keith, Baric, Ralph S., Lauffenburger, Douglas A., Alter, Galit, Stoffels, Paul, Mammen, Mathai, Van Hoof, Johan, Schuitemaker, Hanneke, and Barouch, Dan H.

Published
2021
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31. SARS-CoV-2 Serosurveys: How Antigen, Isotype and Threshold Choices Affect the Outcome

Author

Binder, Raquel A, primary, Fujimori, Gavin F, additional, Forconi, Catherine S, additional, Reed, George W, additional, Silva, Leandro S, additional, Lakshmi, Priya Saikumar, additional, Higgins, Amanda, additional, Cincotta, Lindsey, additional, Dutta, Protiva, additional, Salive, Marie-Claire, additional, Mangolds, Virginia, additional, Anya, Otuwe, additional, Calvo Calle, J Mauricio, additional, Nixon, Thomas, additional, Tang, Qiushi, additional, Wessolossky, Mireya, additional, Wang, Yang, additional, Ritacco, Dominic A, additional, Bly, Courtney S, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Atyeo, Caroline, additional, Oluoch, Peter O, additional, Odwar, Boaz, additional, Bailey, Jeffrey A, additional, Maldonado-Contreras, Ana, additional, Haran, John P, additional, Schmidt, Aaron G, additional, Cavacini, Lisa, additional, Alter, Galit, additional, and Moormann, Ann M, additional

Published
2022
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32. SARS-CoV-2 Serosurveys: How antigen, isotype and threshold choices affect the outcome

Author

Binder, Raquel A., primary, Fujimori, Gavin F., additional, Forconi, Catherine S., additional, Reed, George W., additional, Silva, Leandro S., additional, Lakshmi, Priya Saikumar, additional, Higgins, Amanda, additional, Cincotta, Lindsey, additional, Dutta, Protiva, additional, Salive, Marie-Claire, additional, Mangolds, Virginia, additional, Anya, Otuwe, additional, Calle, J. Mauricio Calvo, additional, Nixon, Thomas, additional, Tang, Qiushi, additional, Wessolossky, Mireya, additional, Wang, Yang, additional, Ritacco, Dominic A., additional, Bly, Courtney S., additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Atyeo, Caroline, additional, Oluoch, Peter O., additional, Odwar, Boaz, additional, Bailey, Jeffrey A., additional, Maldonado-Contreras, Ana, additional, Haran, John P., additional, Schmidt, Aaron G., additional, Cavacini, Lisa, additional, Alter, Galit, additional, and Moormann, Ann M., additional

Published
2022
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33. The Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Development Is Associated with Clearance of RNAemia

Author

Wang, Chuangqi, primary, Li, Yijia, additional, Kaplonek, Paulina, additional, Gentili, Matteo, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Bowman, Kathryn A., additional, Sade-Feldman, Moshe, additional, Kays, Kyle R., additional, Regan, James, additional, Flynn, James P., additional, Goldberg, Marcia B., additional, Hacohen, Nir, additional, Filbin, Michael R., additional, Lauffenburger, Douglas A., additional, Alter, Galit, additional, and Li, Jonathan Z., additional

Published
2022
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34. A modified vaccinia Ankara vaccine expressing spike and nucleocapsid protects rhesus macaques against SARS-CoV-2 Delta infection

Author

Routhu, Nanda Kishore, primary, Gangadhara, Sailaja, additional, Lai, Lilin, additional, Davis-Gardner, Meredith E., additional, Floyd, Katharine, additional, Shiferaw, Ayalnesh, additional, Bartsch, Yannic C., additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Khoury, Georges, additional, Rahman, Sheikh Abdul, additional, Stampfer, Samuel David, additional, Schäfer, Alexandra, additional, Jean, Sherrie M., additional, Wallace, Chelsea, additional, Stammen, Rachelle L., additional, Wood, Jennifer, additional, Joyce, Cohen, additional, Nagy, Tamas, additional, Parsons, Matthew S., additional, Gralinski, Lisa, additional, Kozlowski, Pamela A., additional, Alter, Galit, additional, Suthar, Mehul S., additional, and Amara, Rama Rao, additional

Published
2022
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35. Hybrid immunity shifts the Fc-effector quality of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-induced immunity

Author

Bowman, Kathryn A., primary, Stein, Daniel, additional, Shin, Sally, additional, Ferbas, Kathie G., additional, Tobin, Nicole H, additional, Mann, Colin, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Ollmann Saphire, Erica, additional, Lauffenburger, Douglas, additional, Rimoin, Anne W., additional, Aldrovandi, Grace, additional, and Alter, Galit, additional

Published
2022
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36. mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccines elicit antibodies with differences in Fc-mediated effector functions

Author

Kaplonek, Paulina, primary, Cizmeci, Deniz, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Collier, Ai-ris, additional, Suscovich, Todd, additional, Linde, Caitlyn, additional, Broge, Thomas, additional, Mann, Colin, additional, Amanat, Fatima, additional, Dayal, Diana, additional, Rhee, Justin, additional, de St. Aubin, Michael, additional, Nilles, Eric J., additional, Musk, Elon R., additional, Menon, Anil S., additional, Saphire, Erica Ollmann, additional, Krammer, Florian, additional, Lauffenburger, Douglas A., additional, Barouch, Dan H., additional, and Alter, Galit, additional

Published
2022
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37. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies protect against reinfection for at least 6 months in a multicentre seroepidemiological workplace cohort

Author

Finch, Emilie, Lowe, Rachel, Fischinger, Stephanie, de St Aubin, Michael, Siddiqui, Sameed M, Dayal, Diana, Loesche, Michael A, Rhee, Justin, Beger, Samuel, Hu, Yiyuan, Gluck, Matthew J, Mormann, Benjamin, Hasdianda, Mohammad A, Musk, Elon R, Alter, Galit, Menon, Anil S, Nilles, Eric J, Kucharski, Adam J, and CMMID COVID-19 working group and the SpaceX COVID-19 Cohort Coll

Abstract

Identifying the potential for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection is crucial for understanding possible long-term epidemic dynamics. We analysed longitudinal PCR and serological testing data from a prospective cohort of 4,411 United States employees in 4 states between April 2020 and February 2021. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression investigating the association between baseline serological status and subsequent PCR test result in order to calculate an odds ratio for reinfection. We estimated an odds ratio for reinfection ranging from 0.14 (95% CI: 0.019 to 0.63) to 0.28 (95% CI: 0.05 to 1.1), implying that the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at baseline is associated with around 72% to 86% reduced odds of a subsequent PCR positive test based on our point estimates. This suggests that primary infection with SARS-CoV-2 provides protection against reinfection in the majority of individuals, at least over a 6-month time period. We also highlight 2 major sources of bias and uncertainty to be considered when estimating the relative risk of reinfection, confounders and the choice of baseline time point, and show how to account for both in reinfection analysis.

Published
2022

38. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies protect against reinfection for at least 6 months in a multicentre seroepidemiological workplace cohort

Author

Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Finch, Emilie, Lowe, Rachel, Fischinger, Stephanie, St Aubin, Michael de, Siddiqui, Sameed M., Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Finch, Emilie, Lowe, Rachel, Fischinger, Stephanie, St Aubin, Michael de, and Siddiqui, Sameed M.

Abstract

dentifying the potential for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection is crucial for understanding possible long-term epidemic dynamics. We analysed longitudinal PCR and serological testing data from a prospective cohort of 4,411 United States employees in 4 states between April 2020 and February 2021. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression investigating the association between baseline serological status and subsequent PCR test result in order to calculate an odds ratio for reinfection. We estimated an odds ratio for reinfection ranging from 0.14 (95% CI: 0.019 to 0.63) to 0.28 (95% CI: 0.05 to 1.1), implying that the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at baseline is associated with around 72% to 86% reduced odds of a subsequent PCR positive test based on our point estimates. This suggests that primary infection with SARS-CoV-2 provides protection against reinfection in the majority of individuals, at least over a 6-month time period. We also highlight 2 major sources of bias and uncertainty to be considered when estimating the relative risk of reinfection, confounders and the choice of baseline time point, and show how to account for both in reinfection analysis., The authors received funding from the following sources: EF was funded by the Medical Research Council (MR/N013638/1); AJK was supported by Wellcome Trust (206250/Z/17/Z) and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR200908); RL was funded by a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship (https://royalsociety.org). EN was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01 U01GH002238). AM was supported by the Translational Research Institute for Space Health through NASA Cooperative Agreement (https://www.nasa.gov/hrp/tri; NNX16AO69A). GA was supported by the Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness (https://masscpr.hms.harvard.edu/; MassCPR), the National Institutes of Health (3R37AI080289-11S1, R01AI146785, U19AI42790-01, U19AI135995-02, 1U01CA260476-01) and the Musk Foundation (http://www.muskfoundation.org/). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., "Article signat per 18 autors/es: Emilie Finch ,Rachel Lowe,Stephanie Fischinger,Michael de St Aubin,Sameed M. Siddiqui,Diana Dayal,Michael A. Loesche,Justin Rhee,Samuel Beger,Yiyuan Hu,Matthew J. Gluck,Benjamin Mormann,Mohammad A. Hasdianda,Elon R. Musk,Galit Alter,Anil S. Menon ,Eric J. Nilles ,Adam J. Kucharski ,on behalf of the CMMID COVID-19 working group and the SpaceX COVID-19 Cohort Collaborative", Postprint (author's final draft)

Published
2022

39. SARS-CoV-2 Serosurveys: How antigen, isotype and threshold choices affect the outcome.

Author

Binder, Raquel A, Fujimori, Gavin F, Forconi, Catherine S, Reed, George W, Silva, Leandro S, Lakshmi, Priya Saikumar, Higgins, Amanda, Cincotta, Lindsey, Dutta, Protiva, Salive, Marie-Claire, Mangolds, Virginia, Anya, Otuwe, Calle, J Mauricio Calvo, Nixon, Thomas, Tang, Qiushi, Wessolossky, Mireya, Wang, Yang, Ritacco, Dominic A, Bly, Courtney S, and Fischinger, Stephanie

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
Abstract

Background: Evaluating the performance of SARS-CoV-2 serological assays and clearly articulating the utility of selected antigen, isotypes and thresholds is crucial to understanding the prevalence of infection within selected communities.Methods: This cross-sectional study, implemented in 2020, screened PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients (n = 86), banked pre-pandemic and negative donors (n = 96), health care workers and family members (n = 552), and university employees (n = 327) for anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD), trimeric spike protein (S), and nucleocapsid protein (N) IgG and IgA antibodies with a laboratory developed Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and tested how antigen, isotype and threshold choices affected the seroprevalence. The following threshold methods were evaluated: (i) mean + 3 standard deviations of the negative controls; (ii) 100% specificity for each antigen/isotype combination; and (iii) the maximal Youden index.Results: We found vastly different seroprevalence estimates depending on selected antigens, isotypes and the applied threshold method, ranging from 0.0% to 85.4% . Subsequently, we maximized specificity and reported a seroprevalence, based on more than one antigen, ranging from 9.3% to 25.9%.Conclusions: This study revealed the importance of evaluating serosurvey tools for antigen, isotype, and threshold-specific sensitivity and specificity, in order to interpret qualitative serosurvey outcomes reliably and consistently across studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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40. Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies of employees shows low transmission working in a cancer center

Author

Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A., primary, Yue, Hong, additional, Nowak, Radosław P., additional, Brais, Lauren, additional, Ma, Chao, additional, Johnson, Samantha, additional, Harrod, Joanna, additional, Burman, Shourya S. Roy, additional, Hendrickson, Lynn M., additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Alter, Galit, additional, Hahn, William, additional, Johnson, Bruce E., additional, and Fischer, Eric S., additional

Published
2022
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41. Trends in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Seroprevalence in Massachusetts Estimated from Newborn Screening Specimens

Author

Ma, Kevin C, primary, Hale, Jaime E, additional, Grad, Yonatan H, additional, Alter, Galit, additional, Luzuriaga, Katherine, additional, Eaton, Roger B, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Kaur, Devinder, additional, Brody, Robin, additional, Siddiqui, Sameed M, additional, Leach, Dylan, additional, Brown, Catherine M, additional, Klevens, R Monina, additional, Madoff, Lawrence, additional, and Comeau, Anne Marie, additional

Published
2022
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42. Serological Markers of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection

Author

Siddiqui, Sameed M., primary, Bowman, Kathryn A., additional, Zhu, Alex L., additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Beger, Samuel, additional, Maron, Jenny S., additional, Bartsch, Yannic C., additional, Atyeo, Caroline, additional, Gorman, Matthew J., additional, Yanis, Ahmad, additional, Hultquist, Judd F., additional, Lorenzo-Redondo, Ramon, additional, Ozer, Egon A., additional, Simons, Lacy M., additional, Talj, Rana, additional, Rankin, Danielle A., additional, Chapman, Lindsay, additional, Meade, Kyle, additional, Steinhart, Jordan, additional, Mullane, Sean, additional, Siebert, Suzanne, additional, Streeck, Hendrik, additional, Sabeti, Pardis, additional, Halasa, Natasha, additional, Musk, Elon R., additional, Barouch, Dan H., additional, Menon, Anil S., additional, Nilles, Eric J., additional, Lauffenburger, Douglas A., additional, and Alter, Galit, additional

Published
2022
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43. Publisher Correction: Antibody and TLR7 agonist delay viral rebound in SHIV-infected monkeys

Author

Borducchi, Erica N., Liu, Jinyan, Nkolola, Joseph P., Cadena, Anthony M., Yu, Wen-Han, Fischinger, Stephanie, Broge, Thomas, Abbink, Peter, Mercado, Noe B., Chandrashekar, Abishek, Jetton, David, Peter, Lauren, McMahan, Katherine, Moseley, Edward T., Bekerman, Elena, Hesselgesser, Joseph, Li, Wenjun, Lewis, Mark G., Alter, Galit, Geleziunas, Romas, and Barouch, Dan H.

Published
2018
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46. Sequence and vector shapes vaccine induced antibody effector functions in HIV vaccine trials

Author

Fischinger, Stephanie, primary, Cizmeci, Deniz, additional, Deng, Davy, additional, Grant, Shannon P., additional, Frahm, Nicole, additional, McElrath, Julie, additional, Fuchs, Jonathan, additional, Bart, Pierre-Alexandre, additional, Pantaleo, Giuseppe, additional, Keefer, Michael, additional, O. Hahn, William, additional, Rouphael, Nadine, additional, Churchyard, Gavin, additional, Moodie, Zoe, additional, Donastorg, Yeycy, additional, Streeck, Hendrik, additional, and Alter, Galit, additional

Published
2021
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47. Epidemiological and Immunological Features of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2

Author

Nilles, Eric J., primary, Siddiqui, Sameed M., additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Bartsch, Yannic C., additional, de St. Aubin, Michael, additional, Zhou, Guohai, additional, Gluck, Matthew J., additional, Berger, Samuel, additional, Rhee, Justin, additional, Petersen, Eric, additional, Mormann, Benjamin, additional, Loesche, Michael, additional, Hu, Yiyuan, additional, Chen, Zhilin, additional, Yu, Jingyou, additional, Gebre, Makda, additional, Atyeo, Caroline, additional, Gorman, Matthew J., additional, Zhu, Alex Lee, additional, Burke, John, additional, Slein, Matthew, additional, Hasdianda, Mohammad A., additional, Jambaulikar, Guruprasad, additional, Boyer, Edward W., additional, Sabeti, Pardis C., additional, Barouch, Dan H., additional, Julg, Boris, additional, Kucharski, Adam J., additional, Musk, Elon R., additional, Lauffenburger, Douglas A., additional, Alter, Galit, additional, and Menon, Anil S., additional

Published
2021
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48. Trends in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Massachusetts estimated from newborn screening specimens

Author

Ma, Kevin C, primary, Hale, Jaime E, additional, Grad, Yonatan, additional, Alter, Galit, additional, Luzuriaga, Katherine, additional, Eaton, Roger B, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Kaur, Devinder, additional, Brody, Robin, additional, Siddiqui, Sameed M, additional, Leach, Dylan, additional, Brown, Catherine, additional, Klevens, R Monina, additional, Madoff, Lawrence, additional, and Comeau, Anne Marie, additional

Published
2021
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49. Early cross-coronavirus reactive signatures of humoral immunity against COVID-19

Author

Kaplonek, Paulina, primary, Wang, Chuangqi, additional, Bartsch, Yannic, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Gorman, Matthew J., additional, Bowman, Kathryn, additional, Kang, Jaewon, additional, Dayal, Diana, additional, Martin, Patrick, additional, Nowak, Radoslaw P., additional, Villani, Alexandra-Chloé, additional, Hsieh, Ching-Lin, additional, Charland, Nicole C., additional, Gonye, Anna L.K., additional, Gushterova, Irena, additional, Khanna, Hargun K., additional, LaSalle, Thomas J., additional, Lavin-Parsons, Kendall M., additional, Lilley, Brendan M., additional, Lodenstein, Carl L., additional, Manakongtreecheep, Kasidet, additional, Margolin, Justin D., additional, McKaig, Brenna N., additional, Rojas-Lopez, Maricarmen, additional, Russo, Brian C., additional, Sharma, Nihaarika, additional, Tantivit, Jessica, additional, Thomas, Molly F., additional, Sade-Feldman, Moshe, additional, Feldman, Jared, additional, Julg, Boris, additional, Nilles, Eric J., additional, Musk, Elon R., additional, Menon, Anil S., additional, Fischer, Eric S., additional, McLellan, Jason S., additional, Schmidt, Aaron, additional, Goldberg, Marcia B., additional, Filbin, Michael R., additional, Hacohen, Nir, additional, Lauffenburger, Douglas A., additional, and Alter, Galit, additional

Published
2021
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50. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection elicits sexually dimorphic placental immune responses

Author

Bordt, Evan A., primary, Shook, Lydia L., additional, Atyeo, Caroline, additional, Pullen, Krista M., additional, De Guzman, Rose M., additional, Meinsohn, Marie-Charlotte, additional, Chauvin, Maeva, additional, Fischinger, Stephanie, additional, Yockey, Laura J., additional, James, Kaitlyn, additional, Lima, Rosiane, additional, Yonker, Lael M., additional, Fasano, Alessio, additional, Brigida, Sara, additional, Bebell, Lisa M., additional, Roberts, Drucilla J., additional, Pépin, David, additional, Huh, Jun R., additional, Bilbo, Staci D., additional, Li, Jonathan Z., additional, Kaimal, Anjali, additional, Schust, Danny J., additional, Gray, Kathryn J., additional, Lauffenburger, Douglas, additional, Alter, Galit, additional, and Edlow, Andrea G., additional

Published
2021
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