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Objective: To compare the outcomes of index and interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy in mild biliary pancreatitis in terms of duration of hospital stay. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Surgical Unit 1, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: January 2023 till June 2023. Methods: Patients were being admitted with acute biliary pancreatitis and undergoing either index or interval cholecystectomy. BISAP scoring system was used for severity of ABP and mild cases were included. Study outcomes in both groups (index and interval cholecystectomy) were determined. For quantitative variables mean and standard deviation were calculated. Frequency and percentages were used to describe qualitative variables. Results: Total of 70 patients divided into two groups were included in this study. Mean age of the study population was 40.44+/-7.90 years. Fifty-three percent of the population had BMI in the overweight category. Mean BISAP score was 1.11+/-0.80. All of the patients included in the study had mild acute pancreatitis. The length of hospital stay was significantly associated with timing of surgery with p-values 0.045. Conclusion: The surgical outcomes of index and interval cholecystectomy in acute mild biliary pancreatitis are comparable. However, early cholecystectomy has shorter duration of hospital stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the risk of surgical site infections in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with or without prior ERCP. Study Design: Prospective Comparative study. Setting: Surgical Unit-I of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: December 2021 to May 2022. Methods: Total 140 patients were included. Group A had ERCP before their laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Those, who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy without first undergoing ERCP included in Group B. For this study, we used SPSS to analyze the data we gathered (version 23.0). Two groups were compared for surgical site infection using the Chi-square test. The level of significance was set at P 0.05. Results: Total 140 patients with biliary tract disease (choledocholithiasis, cholangitis and cholelithiasis) were enrolled in this study. In group-A, there were 16(22.9%) males and 54(77.1%) females, while in Group-B, there were 14(20.0%) males and 56(80.0%) females. In patients with prior ERCP group, 28(40.0%) developed surgical site infections, while in patients without ERCP group, 13(18.6%) developed surgical site infections with a p-value of 0.005, which is statistically significant. Conclusion: An increase in the incidence of SSI following laparoscopic cholecystectomy by two- fold is connected with pre-operative (ERCP) so we plan to assess if this technique is linked to a higher risk of wound infection after surgery. we suggest that long term use of antibiotics can reduce the rate of SSI and longer stay of patients in hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic materials possess the capability to generate magnetic fields, which facilitates the effective conversion of energy, storage of information, and transmission in contemporary electronic systems. The present study includes the spin-polarized computation on the mechanical, structural, thermodynamic, optical and transport characteristics of Rb2NaMoX6 (X = Br, I). The studied perovskites are found to be stable structurally, mechanically and thermodynamically. An energy gap in both spin channels appears on the (X–X) symmetry lines, suggesting a direct gap for both perovskites. A high magnetic moment of 3 μB\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$${\upmu }_{\text{B}}$$\end{document} is attained for Rb2NaMoX6 (X = Br, I) which favors their potential applications in spintronics. Elastic attributes depict that Rb2NaMoBr6 is ductile, while Rb2NaMoI6 is brittle. The Rb2NaMoBr6 exhibits high value of θD\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$${\uptheta }_{\text{D}}$$\end{document}, showing its stiffer nature than Rb2NaMoI6. Optical absorption in UV range for Rb2NaMoBr6 and in visible range for Rb2NaMoI6 is the indicator to utilize these materials for optoelectronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cobalt-based Heusler alloys possess high Curie temperatures with half-metallic characteristics, which make them excellent candidates for spintronic applications. These types of Heusler alloys are perfect for the fabrication of magnetic sensors and memory-based devices. Herein, an in-depth first principles analysis of the physical attributes of XVCo 2 (X = B and P) was performed. The mBJ functional was employed to treat electron-ion interaction within their crystal structures. The crystal structure of XVCo 2 (X = B and P) was optimized, and relaxation parameters for both alloys were analyzed. Their ground-state energies at minimum volume were also computed. The Thomas Charpin methodology was employed to compute elastic constants for XVCo 2 (X = B and P), and mechanical properties of both alloys were obtained. For both alloys, metallic behavior was recorded in spin up channels, while indirect bandgaps of 0.38 eV and 1.73 eV were calculated in spin down channels for BVCo 2 and PVCo 2 , respectively. Both studied alloys showed 100% polarization at the Fermi level. Furthermore, their bonding character was analyzed via electron density plots. The optical characteristic obtained from a complex dielectric equation revealed higher dispersion in the visible range for BVCo 2 and PVCo 2 , making these materials excellent candidates for spintronics and optoelectronic devices., Competing Interests: The authors have no competing conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)