1. Management of mixed cryoglobulinemia with rituximab: evidence and consensus-based recommendations from the Italian Study Group of Cryoglobulinemia (GISC)
- Author
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Quartuccio, L, Bortoluzzi, A, Scire, C, Marangoni, A, Del Frate, G, Treppo, E, Castelnovo, L, Saccardo, F, Zani, R, Candela, M, Fraticelli, P, Mazzaro, C, Renoldi, P, Scaini, P, Filippini, D, Visentini, M, Scarpato, S, Giuggioli, D, Mascia, M, Sebastiani, M, Zignego, A, Lauletta, G, Fiorilli, M, Casato, M, Ferri, C, Pietrogrande, M, Pioltelli, P, De Vita, S, Monti, G, Galli, M, Quartuccio L., Bortoluzzi A., Scire C. A., Marangoni A., Del Frate G., Treppo E., Castelnovo L., Saccardo F., Zani R., Candela M., Fraticelli P., Mazzaro C., Renoldi P., Scaini P., Filippini D. A., Visentini M., Scarpato S., Giuggioli D., Mascia M. T., Sebastiani M., Zignego A. L., Lauletta G., Fiorilli M., Casato M., Ferri C., Pietrogrande M., Pioltelli P. E., De Vita S., Monti G., Galli M., Quartuccio, L, Bortoluzzi, A, Scire, C, Marangoni, A, Del Frate, G, Treppo, E, Castelnovo, L, Saccardo, F, Zani, R, Candela, M, Fraticelli, P, Mazzaro, C, Renoldi, P, Scaini, P, Filippini, D, Visentini, M, Scarpato, S, Giuggioli, D, Mascia, M, Sebastiani, M, Zignego, A, Lauletta, G, Fiorilli, M, Casato, M, Ferri, C, Pietrogrande, M, Pioltelli, P, De Vita, S, Monti, G, Galli, M, Quartuccio L., Bortoluzzi A., Scire C. A., Marangoni A., Del Frate G., Treppo E., Castelnovo L., Saccardo F., Zani R., Candela M., Fraticelli P., Mazzaro C., Renoldi P., Scaini P., Filippini D. A., Visentini M., Scarpato S., Giuggioli D., Mascia M. T., Sebastiani M., Zignego A. L., Lauletta G., Fiorilli M., Casato M., Ferri C., Pietrogrande M., Pioltelli P. E., De Vita S., Monti G., and Galli M.
- Abstract
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) or mixed cryoglobulinemic syndrome (MCS) is a systemic small-vessel vasculitis characterized by the proliferation of B-cell clones producing pathogenic immune complexes, called cryoglobulins. It is often secondary to hepatitis C virus (HCV), autoimmune diseases, and hematological malignancies. CV usually has a mild benign clinical course, but severe organ damage and life-threatening manifestations can occur. Recently, evidence in favor of rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibody, is emerging in CV: nevertheless, questions upon the safety of this therapeutic approach, especially in HCV patients, are still being issued and universally accepted recommendations that can help physicians in MCS treatment are lacking. A Consensus Committee provided a prioritized list of research questions to perform a systematic literature review (SLR). A search was made in Medline, Embase, and Cochrane library, updated to August 2021. Of 1227 article abstracts evaluated, 27 studies were included in the SLR, of which one SLR, 4 RCTs, and 22 observational studies. Seventeen recommendations for the management of mixed cryoglobulinemia with rituximab from the Italian Study Group of Cryoglobulinemia (GISC) were developed to give a valuable tool to the physician approaching RTX treatment in CV.
- Published
- 2023