1. Patient and Immunological Factors Associated With Delayed Clearance of Mucosal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 RNA and Symptom Persistence.
- Author
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Stone M, Spencer BR, Warden DE, Fink RV, Saa P, Leddy J, Mulach-Vannoy J, Townsend R, Krysztof D, Hughes AN, Di Germanio C, Kessler DA, Kleinman S, Busch MP, and Norris PJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Aged, Immunoglobulin G blood, Reinfection immunology, Reinfection virology, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 diagnosis, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, RNA, Viral blood, Antibodies, Viral blood
- Abstract
Serial blood and mucosal samples were characterized for 102 participants enrolled a median of 7.0 days after coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis. Mucosal RNA was detectable for a median of 31.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.5-63.5) days, with persistence ≥1 month associated with obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2; odds ratio [OR], 3.9 [95% CI, 1.2-13.8]) but not age, sex, or chronic conditions. Fifteen participants had likely reinfection; lower serum anti-spike IgG levels were associated with reinfection risk. Nearly half of participants (47%) reported symptoms lasting ≥2-3 months; persistence ≥3 months was associated with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (OR, 4.2 [95% CI, 1.1-12.8]) and peak anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid antibody levels., Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2024
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