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This study aims to examine the correlation between the perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard and the competitiveness of Savings and Credit Cooperatives located in Kajiado County, Kenya. The specific aims of the study included assessing how the perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard, namely, financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business processes, and learning and growth perspective, affect the competitiveness. of Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies within Kajiado County. This study was anchored on the theoretical frameworks of Balanced Score Card, Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities theory. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey research design, guided by objectivism as an ontological approach, a positivist epistemology, and a deductive approach for data collection and analysis. The study’s target population included the deposit taking Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Kajiado County (N= 22). Purposive sampling was employed to identify 22 Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies and 32 personnel members from the 5 main sub counties. Data collection involved the utilization of a structured questionnaire self-administered by the respondents themselves. The relationship between distinct independent variables and company competitiveness was analyzed using multiple regression. The critical value for regression was 0.05, and the 95% confidence interval was used. The study found a strong, statistically significant positive correlation between SACCO competitiveness and customer perspective (r = .899, p = .000). Also, a strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation was found to exist between financial perspective and SACCO competitiveness (r = .841, p = .000). A similar strong positive correlation was observed between internal business processes and SACCO competitiveness (r = .805, p = .001). Similarly, learning and growth exhibited a strong, positive correlation with SACCO competitiveness (r = .817, p = .001). Some of the balanced score card perspectives, such as financial and customer perspectives, positively predict SACCO competitiveness. The relationships are also statistically significant. However, internal business process and learning and growth, negatively predict SACCO competitiveness. The relationships are not statistically significant. It was recommended that the management of SACCOs should enhance the customer perspective and the financial perspective to boost competitiveness, while strengthening the other perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The article compares the structure and effectiveness of obtaining financial resources for EU projects in provincial cities from two financial perspectives: 2007-2013 and 2014-2020. Design/methodology/approach: The comparative analysis used secondary data obtained from the Central Statistical Office (GUS) regarding cumulative values for the years 2015 and 2023. The following categories were considered: the number of submitted applications for co-financing, the number and value of signed co-financing agreements, and the effectiveness of obtaining funds. Findings: From the 2014-2020 financial perspective, the process of obtaining and distributing funds considered local conditions, which was the result of the use of the place-based policy concept, increasing the available regional financing. Some activities related to human capital development have been transferred to regional programs. The most expensive projects were implemented under OPIE. In both periods, a small share of soft projects in the structure of the value of contracts and a high value of projects implemented regionally were noted, with a simultaneous reduction in the number of beneficiaries and the value of contracts, which, however, improved the effectiveness of applying for EU funds. Research limitations/implications: The study focuses only on provincial cities. Results may not represent smaller towns and rural areas, which may have different experiences and challenges. The effectiveness of obtaining funds is assessed based on the number of signed contracts relative to the number of submitted applications. However, this does not consider the quality of implemented projects and their long-term effects, which are also important in assessing the real effectiveness of cohesion policy. Social implications: Due to the issues raised related to development programming, it may arouse the interest of people responsible for development policy, potential beneficiaries, and the local community. Originality/value: The text refers to classic works on the theory of regional development and spatial inequalities but focuses on the specific context of Polish voivodeship cities and their experiences with obtaining EU funds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Based on the Lakip (Performance Report) of IAKN Ambon in 2021 and 2022, several goals and work targets have not been achieved according to RENSTRA. And performance measurement at IAKN Ambon, which only uses RESTRA as a reference, does not yet have measurable standards and indicators of achievement. Purpose: This study has four objectives, namely to determine the effect of financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business process perspective (4) and learning and growth perspective on the financial performance of IAKN Ambon. Method: The sample used in this study amounted to 75 people, consisting of employees, lecturers and students of IAKN Ambon. The sampling technique used the Purposive Sampling formula. The analysis used in this research is multiple Linear Model regression analysis. Results: The results of this study are the financial perspective has a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of IAKN Ambon. The customer perspective has no positive and significant effect on the financial performance of IAKN Ambon. The internal business process perspective has a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of IAKN Ambon. Learning and growth perspective has a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of IAKN Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the financial perspective, internal business processes, and learning and growth have a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of IAKN Ambon, while the customer perspective has no significant effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study compares the performance of PT Bank Syariah Indonesia using the balanced scorecard approach in the period before and after the merger. Method: Qualitative method with research data from annual reports for the 2020-2021 period, namely the period before and after the merger of Bank Syariah Indonesia. Results: The results showed that from a financial perspective, after experiencing a merger, the combined ROE ratio of the three Islamic banks was getting better and included healthy qualifications because it was close to 15%. Customer perspective, the profitability obtained from customers increased quite well supported by customer growth due to migration from the predecessor bank to the merged bank and new customer growth. Growth and learning perspective, the merged company experienced operating efficiency due to the synergy of the merger and caused the calculation of employee productivity as measured by company revenue to increase. Internal business process perspective, The form of innovation is in the form of establishing several business unit networks that can facilitate services. Implications: This research provides a deeper look into performance measurement using data from the company's published annual reports. Novelty: This study focuses on the use of ratios from financial reports and company annual reports to measure each perspective in the balanced scorecard. Previous balanced scorecard studies used survey methods to obtain information related to growth and learning perspectives, as well as customer perspectives and internal business process perspectives, while this study uses data from only financial reports and company annual reports.

For schools as educational institutions, it is essential to identify their conditions and determine the right strategy for their sustainability. The research aimed to design the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a performance measurement tool at Sekolah XYZ. The research applied a qualitative method with Simple Research Design (SRD) as an analytical model. For data analysis, the research applied the stages of preparation in BSC. The primary data collection method was conducted through interviews with five key informants. The measurement indicators consisted of five indicators from a financial perspective (weight: 25%), three indicators from a customer perspective (weight: 25%), nine indicators from an internal business process perspective (weight: 30%), and five measurement indicators from the learning and growth perspective (weight: 20%). In addition, the BSC design was equipped with a validation system and an evaluation system to support the BSC implementation at Sekolah XYZ. The results show that based on the vision and mission of the organization, there are 12 objective strategies to be achieved, with 22 measurement indicators that are appropriately implemented at Sekolah XYZs. The BSC at Sekolah XYZ is necessary to be designed so its management can easily trace and find the causes of the school’s success or failure. The results of the BSC design at Sekolah XYZ can be used as recommendations for other schools that want to implement BSC, with adjustments according to the conditions of each school.

A pharmacy, aside from being a pharmaceutical care provider is also a functioning business. Thus, in the scope of business, pharmacy performance can be analysed using liquidity, activity, and profitability ratios. This study aimed to determine the performance of Pharmacy X based on a financial perspective before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study that employed data obtained from sales and purchase records. The data were analysed using financial ratio analysis methods, including liquidity, activity, and profitability ratios. This study was conducted at Pharmacy X based on the amount of prescription and non-prescription income from before the COVID-19 pandemic (in 2019) and during the pandemic (in 2020). The results showed that Pharmacy X was not good at managing its current assets and current liabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the results for the ratios of total asset turnover and fixed asset turnover, asset utilisation was less efficient. Analysis of the probability ratios and net profit margin showed a decrease in Pharmacy X’s profit during the pandemic. The Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Return on Investment (ROI) values indicated that the business was less able to generate profits and net income from its invested capital.

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This research aims to evaluate the balanced scorecard practices and their impacts on employees' performance in five-star hotels in Cairo, Egypt. This paper considers a wide range of background information and a literature review that focuses on the implementation of balanced scorecard practices on the performance of employees in hotels. Questionnaires were distributed to employees working within the rooms division department. The study sample covered 30% of Egyptian five-star hotels in Cairo. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze results. In this context, the study found that the application of the balanced scorecard practices significantly affected employees' performance. It was found that the most influential factor affecting employees' performance was the learning and growth perspective. As such, it is recommended that hotels should pay more attention to the application of the balanced scorecard as a crucial tool for enhancing employees' performance. The implementation of the balanced scorecard begin with improving the skills and knowledge of the employees, thus managers in each department in hotels should facilitate the application of balanced scorecard and make use of balanced scorecard not only as a follow up tool for employees but also as a measurement tool.

Summary: Background: Districts hospitals in India play a pivotal role in delivering health care services in the public sector and are empanelled under India's national health insurance scheme i.e. Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Aarogya Yojana (PMJAY). In this paper, we evaluate the extent to which the PMJAY impacts the district hospitals from a financing perspective. Methods: We used cost data from India's nationally representative costing study—‘Costing of Health Services in India’ (CHSI) to determine the incremental cost of treating PMJAY patients, after adjusting for resources that are paid through supply-side government financing route. Second, we used data on number and claim value paid to public district and sub-district hospitals during 2019, to determine the additional revenue generated through PMJAY. The annual net financial gain per district hospital was estimated as the difference between payments under PMJAY, and the incremental cost of delivering the services. Findings: At current levels of utilisation, the district hospitals in India gain a net annual financial benefit of $ 26.1 (₹ 1839.3) million, which can potentially increase up to $ 41.8 (₹ 2942.9) million with an increase in the share of patient volume. For an average district hospital, we estimate net annual financial gain of $ 169,607 (₹ 11.9 million), increasing up to $ 271,372 (₹ 19.1 million) per hospital with increased utilisation. Interpretation: Demand-side financing mechanisms can be used to strengthen the public sector. Increasing utilisation of district hospitals, by either gatekeeping or improving availability of services will enhance financial gains for district hospitals and strengthen public sector. Funding: Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India.

This paper presents a financial perspective of green businesses, in particular how they can be financed. Thus, we presented the main external sources of financing, highlighting the role that European funds play in this context. In the second part of the paper, I presented the methods through which the state can stimulate these businesses, and in particular the financial incentives granted through different categories of programmes. I ended the paper by highlighting the main conclusions that I reached after studying this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research article presents performance analysis of the State Bank of India Ltd and the HDFC Bank Ltd using Balanced Score Card (BSC) developed by Robert Kaplan and David Norton. It attempts an analysis to develop a deep understanding of the concept of BSC as a tool for strategy mapping and measurement of performance of a public sector bank and a private sector bank as mentioned elsewhere. BSC is a performance evaluation system not only based upon financial parameters, but also on non-financial aspects like customer indicators, internal business processes and employee learning and growth. Actual performance data from years 2009 to 2019 and business indicators of the year 2020 of the Banks are used for this purpose. The BSC model was developed to address the problems and limitations of relying only on financial measures for strategy formulation and measuring organizational performance. The study revealed that Gross NPA of SBI has increased while that of HDFC Bank has reduced during the period of study. Obviously the ROA is also better for HDFC Bank compared to that of SBI. It is inferred that HDFC Bank has garnered more net profit than SBI during the period of study. HDFC Bank has shown better performance compared to SBI according to the current study. The implication of the study is that both the banks have to visit all the areas of their business to ensure growth in financial performance, better customer service, efficient internal processes and higher learning and growth in the future years. This could ensure better profit management and risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterprise entrepreneurship in the study of entrepreneurial processes in which individuals in organizations can exploit and exploit opportunities without considering the resources within the company. This research method uses Literature Review using electronic journal data base sources, and research articles. This study develops concepts that introduce the concept of corporate entrepreneurship in improving company performance. Innovation, technology-specific competencies, Top Management Support, and organizational learning.

The paper addressed the following research problem: Is the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) a suitable method of measuring and improving the performance of a company? Is it possible to calculate the goal values of the key performance indicators based on the BSC (Balanced Scorecard) principles using the DEA results? Is it possible to link the results of the BSC method and the DEA method to increase business performance? The aim of the research was to find out which financial indicators of the company are key performance indicators. We selected the key performance indicators using the BSC principles. These indicators were then applied as inputs/outputs in the DEA model. The partial aim was also to propose goal values for selected key performance indicators. The analysis was carried out on a sample of companies operating in the sphere of heat industry in Slovakia. The sample was created to represent businesses that have problems with their performance as well as those who do not have any problem. When choosing the sample, we made use of Altman's Z-score. We then calculated the values of the selected financial indicators. The correlation matrix and the BSC principles were applied to select key performance indicators. We also made use of the DEA method. This nonparametric method can be applied in the field of business efficiency, financial health, and performance evaluation. The DEA CCR input-oriented model was designed. We see the application of the DEA method in assessing financial health and performance of a company as well as the DEA CCR model itself as the main contributions of this paper. The research also paid attention to the calculation of the goal values of key performance indicators that enter the BSC as goal values. Using these goal values, a company may become more stable and therefore competitive. This research confirmed the possibility of integrating BSC and DEA.

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Introduction: This study to help the company evaluate the implementation strategies its is intended to design performance measurement using balanced scorecard in a light brick manufacturing company. Methods: This study uses uses qualitative in collecting data methods for designing Balanced Scorecard Results: The results showed that the company had a vision, mission, and strategy in making light bricks but it had not yet been translated into action. In the financial perspective the company driven by strategic goals in the form of increased revenue and cost efficiency. On the perspective of its target customers is the improvement of product quality and customer service as well as the reputation and image of the company. On the internal perspective is production planning, partnerships with suppliers, market and customer service capacity. The learning and growth perspective on implementation of corporate values, development of human resources, and development of an integrated information system is its target. Conclusion and suggestion: Balanced scorecard design is expected to assist companies in implementing it properly.

This study is the application of balanced scorecard on performance management of the Bank Syariah Mandiri Branch Bogor. Utilized a quantitative approach,the statistical method used is multiple linear regression. The sampling method was convenience sampling, which were 38 employees of Bank Syariah Mandiri Bogor. The quality test data used in this study using a test of validity, reliability testing, and distribution frequency questionnaire statement. As for testing the test, the test, t-test, and test the coefficient of determination. The results of the SPSS Version 23.0 for the adjusted R Square result were obtained from the SPSS were 89.4% while the remaining 10.6% were influenced by other variables that are not known. The results show that customer perspective, learning and growth perspective variables are positive and significant effect on management performance. While the financial perspective and internal business process have a positive and not significant perspective on management performance in Bank Syariah Mandiri Branch of Bogor.

The purpose of this research is to measure the performance of PT Mutiara Global Industry by using Sharia-based Balance Scorecard method. This research is quantitative research with descriptive approach. Performance measurement of PT Mutiara Global Industry from a financial perspective, customer perspective, intenal business process perspective and learning and growth perspective. The Shariah aspect in the financial perspective is the source of capital and the allocation of profit for zakat, infaq and alms. In the customer's perspective is how to keep the promise to the customer by always being sidik, tabligh, amanah and fathonah. In the internal process business perspective is emphasized on itqan, working with perfect and complete quality and ihsan, always feeling watched by God. In the perspective of learning and growth is to control the charity of worship and study syar'i. Sampel from this research are employees and customers of PT Mutiara Global IndustryThis research concludes that the performance of PT Mutiara Global Industry is good category (score: 3,46875). The Accumulation results from financial perspective score 0.964, customer perspective score 0.9375, internal process perspective score: 1 and learning and growth perspective 0.6875 To improve the performance of PT Mutiara Global Industry is recommended for (1) improvement of ISO system implementation, (2) improvement of coaching and implementation of employee worship, (3) improvement of communication and service to customer (4). Improvement of process and product quality, (5). Improvement of inventory management that will be impact on the on time of production schedule.

Performance improvement strategy is a method to find new techniques in solving problems faced by organization and improve its performance. This is a quantitative research in a descriptive design, the chosen sample are 95 students of 11 and 12 graders as the perspective of customers, 44 teachers and employees as the perspective of learning and growth.This study aims to measure SMA Madania’s performance using balanced scorecard, analyzing the main strategy that SMA Madania has to improve. Analyzing the targeted strategy that has become SMA Madania’s priority to realize vision, mission, and organization goals. Analyzing the performance standard that can be implemented to measure the achievement of targeted strategy conducted by SMA Madania. The measurement has been done on four perspectives of balanced scorecard; financial, customers, internal business process, and SMA Madania’s learning and growth.The results showed: finances were managed economically, effectively and efficiently in 2013 – 2015. Customer’s aspect has shown in the level of satisfaction (student) on a scale of 70 per cent scored 4 (satisfied). Internal Business Process’ aspects such as innovation, business process, and after sales services (alumni) scored 48 per cent (very good). Learning and growth’s aspect shown employees’ satisfaction 42.71 per cent on a scale of 2 (unsatisfied). Based on SWOT analysis, Balanced Scorecard recommended some strategies, finance performance improvement through billings and savings, rejuvenation of facilities and infrastructure, and compensation improvement for employees and employees’ retention, mapping and re-planning of human resources for the appropriate department and function in accordance with competencies and qualifications.

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Purpose: The aim of the paper is to identify the links of the current level of competitiveness of selected companies based on an analysis of key factors of the Balanced Scorecard. Methodology/Approach: In this case, we take a closer look at strategies. as paths to expected goals. However, it is possible that emerging (unexpected) situations may occur during the planned strategy, which will turn the strategy into an emerging strategy. Strategies affect business management, which is a system for creating the Balance Scorecard method. It is with this method that individual perspectives can be observed that evaluate an enterprise such as a customer perspective, a process perspective, a financial perspective and a learning perspective. In addition, we used a multivariate analysis in the research to describe the variability of model relationships containing financial and non-financial indicators with an emphasis on their importance in the process of managing the competitiveness of the companies surveyed. Findings: Since in 2019 Coca Cola's shares are falling and Pepsi's shares are growing, we focused on the competition between the two world companies. Based on the analysis performed, the most important factories are those included in the financial perspective and which uses the analysis of ratios, which helps the company to respond in time to its solvency or insolvency, and thus ensure a suitable market position against competitors. Research Limitation/Implication: The case study solutions represent concrete results for selected research subjects. The analysis performed in the paper can be expanded to include further perspectives with the conditioning factors of the companies surveyed to better understand the relationships between competing companies, which are affected by many new external and internal market determinants in the current turbulent environment. Originality/Value of paper: The originality of the contribution is to determine the significance of the factors affecting the competitiveness of the world companies surveyed and to explain the current problem concerning stock volatility in connection with the environmental problem as the main environmental polluter in the world. Category: Case study [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to determine balanced key performance indicators of the largest Serbian foundries, as well as to examine the influence of organizational learning through internal processes to foundries financial perspectives, by using the BSC method. The empirical research was conducted at the Guča foundry. After establishing the performance indicators, it was identified four perspectives - financial perspective, customer relationship perspective, perspective of internal processes and learning and development perspective. Subsequently, it was considered the impact of financial perspective to the Guča foundry business operations. Through multivariate regression statistics, it was confirmed that in the Guča foundry existed significant linear interdependence between the level of organizational knowledge and the financial perspective expressed by EBITDA rate. Conclusions reached through the research may be applied for proper and timely adaption to new business conditions, new trends and new technologies, both to foundry industry and economy as the whole, in Serbia as well as in the whole world.

Nowadays, the performance measurement is often only measure of financial performance, and it cannot portray overall the company’s performance. It’s given these shortcomings, then created a performance measurement method that considers the financial aspects as known as the Balanced Scorecard. Balanced Scorecard performance measurement involves four perspectives: i.e. financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business process perspective, and learning and growth perspective. The authors choose to use Dinas Pendapatan, Pengelolaan Keuangan, dan Aset of Sidoarjo Regional Government Agency, because during the measurement of performance of company remains focused on financial aspects. The approach of this study is a qualitative approach. The data source are secondary data, where it is an overview of the company gained from those authorized in the agency, vision, mission, strategy, and corporate organization sectors. The research result of this study using the balanced scorecard performance that involves the four perspectives.

To expand and to achieve a market share, companies must have a clear policy to achieve their goals, and that cannot be done without measuring their performance from different perspectives and views because the financial perspective only cannot give a right view. Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is one of the performance measurement systems, and it is suitable measurement system that determines the performance, by the integration of all the financial and nonfinancial measures. The BSC was implementing in “Baghdad Soft Drinks Company” with its four perspectives for three years (2011 to 2013). The conclusions of BSC showed that for financial perspective the company has a clear growth according to the financial perspective measure's percentages, for customer perspective: the irregular percentage values of customer perspective measures indicate that the company needs to be more interactive with their customer requirements. But for internal business process perspective the company almost committed to the planned production, and has a good utilization and efficiency percentages, and for learning and Growth perspective the percentages explain the company does not commit to the budget-costs as planned.

Network and firm performance is an interesting topic, attracting many scholars. There is a sizable body of research on the field. However, this paper is unique since (1) we approach firm performance under balanced scorecard framework, and (2) this is the first paper conducted in a developing context of Vietnam. Utilizing survey data from 158 firms operating in Vietnam, we found that network impacts positively on firm performance. The more network a firm has, the better financial performance, the more customer satisfies, and the more learning and growth of employees. The managerial implication is that firms should invest in building network with others at both individual level and organizational level.

Balance scorecard was created in the 1990’s and it represents one of the most significant management ideas with the possibility of application in private, public and non-profit sector. It was created in need to respond to demands of intangible assets measurements which participate with more than a half of many great companies’ value in last decades. Balance scorecard ensures insight into business possibilities and fulfillment of strategic goals from four perspectives: financial, marketing, internal and perspective of learning and growth. Balance scorecard measures and monitors human, information and organizational capital of a company with the aim of establishing to what extent this elements of intangible assets contribute to company’s strategy realization. Standpoint for creation of this concept was an evident gap between corporate top strategy and understanding that strategy at lower levels of management and levels of translating strategies into actual business activities.

Systems for measuring and managing organizational performance are designed to help managers in this complex business environment. Organizational performance as a category must be considered from multiple perspectives. Today, most of the designed systems for measuring organizational performance have an integrated and balanced approach to the measurement. They incorporate multiple perspectives for measuring. This is primarily due to the multidimensionality of the concept. The financial perspective is one of the most important perspectives in any system for measuring organizational performance. This perspective was the only one perspective for measuring performance in the past. That's why it still has the primacy among other perspectives today. The main aim of this paper is to research the role of the financial perspective in the systems for measuring organizational performance, with special accent on the designed adaptable system for measuring organizational performance in the companies of food industry in the Republic of Macedonia. The paper continuous to research the most common Key Performance Indicators used by the companies in this industry when it comes to financial perspective. In the end the paper researches the relationships between selected indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores a long-standing inefficiency in the enterprise creation and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sectors – the low level of financial skills in owner-managers. Such a discussion must also include the wholesale sub-contracting of financial skills from management in SMEs, particularly at the formative early stage of enterprise creation. This article will explore the aspects of financial skills that are relevant to owner-managers, then look at why they need those skills and how well they are served by trainers and educators, before examining the role of influencers such as state agencies and banks in creating a conducive environment. Finally, we will draw some brief conclusions as to how the SME sector would appear were all the players to take their roles more seriously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aims of study were to know and analyze the performance of Bank Syariah BUMN in Indonesia seen in the concept of Balance Scorecard, especially financial perspective and compare financial performance. This study was a descriptive study that explains a picture of a particular object and result. This study described the performance appraisal results from the financial perspective of Bank Syariah Mandiri, BNI Syariah, BRI Syariah in 2016. The type of data used in this study were secondary data in the form of financial data of Bank Syariah Mandiri, BNI Syariah, BRI Syariah, which has been published year 2016. The data source is obtained from Indonesian Banking Directory published by Bank Indonesia, from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. Methods of data analysis used descriptive analysis. Based on the performance analysis of Balancae Score Card with financial perspective, it can be concluded that BRI Syariah, BNI Syariah and Bank Mandiri Syariah has a good performance in 2016. Capital ratio, Earning Assets Quality (KAP) Ratio, Profitability Ratio (earnings), Liquidity Ratio (liquidity) and Sensitivity to market risk in BRI Syariah pertained good. Capital Ratio (Capital), Earning Asset Quality (KAP) Ratios, Profitability Ratio (earnings), Liquidity Ratio (liquidity) and Sensitivity to Market Risk (BNI Syariah) were good. Capital Ratio (Capital), Earning Asset Quality (KAP) Ratios, Profitability Ratios (earnings), Liquidity Ratio (liquidity) and Sensitivity to market risk in Bank Syariah Mandiri were good. Based on the comparison of capital ratio, earning asset ratio, liquidity ratio and sensitivity to market risk in Bank Syariah Mandiri, BNI Syariah and BRI Syariah, in general the largest ratio were the ratio of BRI Syariah except capital ratio, both BNI Syariah except liquidity ratio and except market sensitivity.

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This research aims at studying Learning and Growth Perspective, Financial Perspective, Customer Perspective and Internal Bussiness process to the Village Credit Institutions in Bali Organizational Performance. This Involves: first, the influence of learning and Growth Perspective on Organizational Performance; second, the influence of Financial Perspective on Organizational Performance; third, the influence of Customer Perspektive on Organizational Performance; fourth, the influence of Internal Bussiness Process on Organizational Performance. Another aim in this research is to know dominant factor. In this research, Individual unit analysis is to correlated with organization analyze that is the heads of Village Credit Institutions in Bali. Using Slovin postulation, the respondents in this research are 110 out of 1347 Village Credit Institution in Bali which are: Buleleng regency, Jembrana regency,Tabanan regency, Gianyar regency, Klungkung regency, Karangasem regency, Bangli regency, Badung regency ,and Denpasar City. The data collection was condacted by interview using quationnaire model and observation technique. To test model of constructed relationship pattern, the researcher used analyze tools that capable of explaining the relationship simultaneously namely Factor Analyze by using the program of SPSS version 12.0. The finding of this research show that: first, Learning and Growth Perpective has positif influence on Organizational Performance; second, Financial Perspective has positif influence on Organizational Performance; third, Customer Perspektive has positif influence on Organizational Performance; fourth, Internal Bussiness Process has not positif influence on Organizational Performance; fifth, Promotion opportunity has positif influence on Organizational Performance. Financial Perspective has dominant factor influence on Organizational Performance.

Purpose – Based on literature review, the purpose of this paper is to design a comprehensive evaluation system for pharmaceutical industry from the financial perspective, and then analyses the development strategy of Chinese pharmaceutical industry according to the data of listed companies. Design/methodology/approach – This paper analyses the development strategy of Chinese pharmaceutical industry through building the grey dominance evaluation model including absolute degree of grey incidence model and relative degree of grey incidence model. Findings – Through the analysis of the grey dominance evaluation model, the authors find that four factors including total assets turnover, quick ratio, inventory turnover and current ratio can be grouped into first grade assessment indicator when evaluating the performance of Chinese pharmaceutical industry. These four indexes contain the concept of operational efficiency which shows that operation capability is the key to support the development of Chinese pharmaceutical industry, needing to be highly valued when organizations making business policy. When it comes to velocity of development, the contribution of R & D intensity is relatively small, which shows innovation ability of China’s pharmaceutical industry is still weak. Innovation is the lifeblood of enterprise development, needing to be improved to promote enterprise’s core competitiveness in the future development. Originality/value – This paper selects Y1-Y7 as the performance evaluation system of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises, while X1-X15 as performance evaluation index system from the financial perspective, which indicated that the evaluation system is scientific and practical. The empirical result shows that the operation capability makes the largest contribution to the performance of China’s pharmaceutical industry, while R & D ability and the enterprise core competitive ability are weak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]