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143 results on '"Filoso, Solange"'

4. On the unique value of forests for water: Hydrologic impacts of forest disturbances, conversion, and restoration.

Author

Meli, Paula, Ellison, David, Ferraz, Silvio F. de Barros, Filoso, Solange, and Brancalion, Pedro H. S.

Subjects
FOREST conversion, WATER supply, NATIVE species, LAND management, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, FOREST restoration
Abstract

We need empirical evidence on the impacts of land‐use change on hydrological processes to guide policies and land management decisions. Based on a global meta‐analysis of 287 primary studies covering 1049 data points in 58 countries and across 12 biomes, we review hydrologic process changes resulting from native forest disturbances and conversions to other land‐use types. Infiltration rates consistently fell over 50%, overland flow increased and evapotranspiration as a share of rainfall declined when native forests were disturbed or converted. Changes in total evapotranspiration, interception, and streamflow were less consistent in direction, while restored native forests returned infiltration function rates to pre‐conversion levels. Forests, and perhaps especially native forests, have a unique value in supporting and regulating hydrologic processes, as they can reduce erosion, improve water infiltration, and potentially enhance water supply, including in downwind locations. We thus underscore global calls for increasing the proportion of reforested areas with native species in landscape restoration planned for this decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Twenty-six key research questions in urban stream ecology: an assessment of the state of the science

Author

Wenger, Seth J., Roy, Allison H., Jackson, C. Rhett, Bernhardt, Emily S., Carter, Timothy L., Filoso, Solange, Gibson, Catherine A., Hession, W. Cully, Kaushal, Sujay S., Martí, Eugenia, Meyer, Judy L., Palmer, Margaret A., Paul, Michael J., Purcell, Alison H., Ramírez, Alonso, Rosemond, Amy D., Schofield, Kate A., Sudduth, Elizabeth B., and Walsh, Christopher J.

Published
2009
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11. Shedding light on the complex relationship between forest restoration and water services

Author

Dib, Viviane, primary, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., additional, Chan Chou, Sin, additional, Cooper, Miguel, additional, Ellison, David, additional, Farjalla, Vinicius F., additional, Filoso, Solange, additional, Meli, Paula, additional, Pires, Aliny P. F., additional, Rodriguez, Daniel A., additional, Iribarrem, Alvaro, additional, Latawiec, Agnieszka Ewa, additional, Scarano, Fabio R., additional, Vogl, Adrian L., additional, de Viveiros Grelle, Carlos Eduardo, additional, and Strassburg, Bernardo, additional

Published
2023
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14. Sources of reactive nitrogen affecting ecosystems in Latin America and the Caribbean: current trends and future perspectives

Author

Martinelli, Luiz A., Howarth, Robert W., Cuevas, Elvira, Filoso, Solange, Austin, Amy T., Donoso, Loreta, Huszar, Vera, Keeney, Dennis, Lara, Luciene L., Llerena, Carlos, Mcissac, George, Medina, Ernesto, Ortiz-Zayas, Jorge, Scavia, Donald, Schindler, David W., Soto, Doris, Townsend, Alan, Martinelli, Luiz A., editor, and Howarth, Robert W., editor

Published
2006
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34. Balance between food production, biodiversity and ecosystem services in Brazil: a challenge and an opportunity

Author

Martinelli, Luiz Antonio and Filoso, Solange

Subjects
serviços ambientais, agricultura, produção de alimentos, Brasil, ecosystem services, food production, biodiversidade, Brazil, agriculture, biodiversity
Abstract

Brazil has a unique position in the world. It is one of the few countries that can be one of the most important producers of food, fiber and biofuel and at the same time maintain its mega biodiversity endowment and vital ecosystems services properly running. This is a challenge that only can be achieved by recognizing the importance of agribusiness sector to the Brazilian economy, but also that ecosystems have limits and we should not endless expand agriculture in the name of "development". Ecosystem services have to be recognized also as a "development" to be kept for the next generations. Agriculture only exists where ecosystems are able to maintain its basic functioning. Therefore, a well preserved nature it is the most precious asset of agriculture. O Brasil encontra-se em uma posição privilegiada diante do mundo. É um dos únicos países que pode ao mesmo tempo ser um importante produtor de alimentos, fibras e biocombustíveis e manter sua mega biodiversidade relativamente intacta e serviços ambientais vitais funcionando apropriadamente. Este é um desafio enorme que pode ser obtido através do reconhecimento da importância que o setor agropecuário brasileiro tem para o país, mas ao mesmo tempo reconhecendo também que os ecossistemas têm limites naturais e não devemos expandir nossa fronteira agrícola indefinidamente em nome do "desenvolvimento". Os serviços ambientais prestados pelos ecossistemas devem ser valorizados e também reconhecidos como um tipo de "desenvolvimento" a ser mantido para as próximas gerações. A agricultura somente existe onde os ecossistemas são capazes de manter suas funções básicas de funcionamento. Portanto, o maior capital da agricultura é a natureza minimamente preservada.

Published
2009

36. Sources of reactive nitrogen affecting ecosystems in Latin America and the Caribbean: current trends and future perspectives

Author

Martinelli, Luiz A., primary, Howarth, Robert W., additional, Cuevas, Elvira, additional, Filoso, Solange, additional, Austin, Amy T., additional, Donoso, Loreta, additional, Huszar, Vera, additional, Keeney, Dennis, additional, Lara, Luciene L., additional, Llerena, Carlos, additional, Mcissac, George, additional, Medina, Ernesto, additional, Ortiz-Zayas, Jorge, additional, Scavia, Donald, additional, Schindler, David W., additional, Soto, Doris, additional, and Townsend, Alan, additional

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40. Infield greenhouse gas emissions from sugarcane soils in Brazil: effects from synthetic and organic fertilizer application and crop trash accumulation

Author

Carmo, Janaina Braga do, primary, Filoso, Solange, additional, Zotelli, Luciana C., additional, de Sousa Neto, Eraclito R., additional, Pitombo, Leonardo M., additional, Duarte-Neto, Paulo J., additional, Vargas, Vitor P., additional, Andrade, Cristiano A., additional, Gava, Glauber J. C., additional, Rossetto, Raffaella, additional, Cantarella, Heitor, additional, Neto, André E., additional, and Martinelli, Luiz A., additional

Published
2012
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44. Sources of reactive nitrogen affecting ecosystems in Latin America and the Caribbean: current trends and future perspectives

Author

Martinelli, Luiz A., primary, Howarth, Robert W., additional, Cuevas, Elvira, additional, Filoso, Solange, additional, Austin, Amy T., additional, Donoso, Loreta, additional, Huszar, Vera, additional, Keeney, Dennis, additional, Lara, Luciene L., additional, Llerena, Carlos, additional, McIssac, George, additional, Medina, Ernesto, additional, Ortiz-Zayas, Jorge, additional, Scavia, Donald, additional, Schindler, David W., additional, Soto, Doris, additional, and Townsend, Alan, additional

Published
2006
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46. Human activities changing the nitrogen cycle in Brazil.

Author

Martinelli, Luiz A., Filoso, Solange, Martinelli, Luiz Antonio, Howarth, Robert W., Boyer, Elizabeth W., and Dentener, Frank

Abstract

The production of reactive nitrogen worldwide has more than doubled in the last century because of human activities and population growth. Advances in our understanding of the nitrogen cycle and the impacts of anthropogenic activities on regional to global scales is largely hindered by the paucity of information about nitrogen inputs from human activities in fast-developing regions of the world such as the tropics. In this paper, we estimate nitrogen inputs and outputs in Brazil, which is the world's largest tropical country. We determined that the N cycle is increasingly controlled by human activities rather than natural processes. Nitrogen inputs to Brazil from human activities practically doubled from 1995 to 2002, mostly because of nitrogen production through biological fixation in agricultural systems. This is in contrast to industrialized countries of the temperate zone, where fertilizer application and atmospheric deposition are the main sources of anthropogenic nitrogen. In Brazil, the production of soybean crops over an area of less than 20 million ha, was responsible for about 3.2 Tg N or close to one-third of the N inputs from anthropogenic sources in 2002. Moreover, cattle pastures account for almost 70% of the estimated 280 × 106 ha of agricultural land in Brazil and potentially fix significant amounts of N when well managed, further increasing the importance of biological nitrogen fixation in the nitrogen budget. Much of these anthropogenic inputs occur in the Brazilian savannah region (Cerrado), while more urbanized regions such as the state of São Paulo also have high rates of nitrogenous fertilizer inputs. In the Amazon, rates of anthropogenic nitrogen inputs are relatively low, but continuing conversion of natural forests into cattle pasture or secondary forests potentially add a significant amount of new nitrogen to Brazil given the vast area of the region. Better measurements of biological fixation rates in Brazil are necessary for improving the nitrogen budgets, especially at a more refined spatial scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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50. Infield greenhouse gas emissions from sugarcane soils in Brazil: effects from synthetic and organic fertilizer application and crop trash accumulation.

Author

Carmo, Janaina Braga do, Filoso, Solange, Zotelli, Luciana C., Sousa Neto, Eraclito R., Pitombo, Leonardo M., Duarte‐Neto, Paulo J., Vargas, Vitor P., Andrade, Cristiano A., Gava, Glauber J. C., Rossetto, Raffaella, Cantarella, Heitor, Neto, André E., and Martinelli, Luiz A.

Subjects
*GREENHOUSE gases, *SUGARCANE products, *ORGANIC fertilizers, *SYNTHETIC fertilizers, *GASES from plants, *LIQUID waste
Abstract

Bioethanol from sugarcane is becoming an increasingly important alternative energy source worldwide as it is considered to be both economically and environmentally sustainable. Besides being produced from a tropical perennial grass with high photosynthetic efficiency, sugarcane ethanol is commonly associated with low N fertilizer use because sugarcane from Brazil, the world's largest sugarcane producer, has a low N demand. In recent years, several models have predicted that the use of sugarcane ethanol in replacement to fossil fuel could lead to high greenhouse gas ( GHG) emission savings. However, empirical data that can be used to validate model predictions and estimates from indirect methodologies are scarce, especially with regard to emissions associated with different fertilization methods and agricultural management practices commonly used in sugarcane agriculture in Brazil. In this study, we provide in situ data on emissions of three GHG ( CO2, N2O, and CH4) from sugarcane soils in Brazil and assess how they vary with fertilization methods and management practices. We measured emissions during the two main phases of the sugarcane crop cycle (plant and ratoon cane), which include different fertilization methods and field conditions. Our results show that N2O and CO2 emissions in plant cane varied significantly depending on the fertilization method and that waste products from ethanol production used as organic fertilizers with mineral fertilizer, as it is the common practice in Brazil, increase emission rates significantly. Cumulatively, the highest emissions were observed for ratoon cane treated with vinasse (liquid waste from ethanol production) especially as the amount of crop trash on the soil surface increased. Emissions of CO2 and N2O were 6.9 kg ha−1 yr−1 and 7.5 kg ha−1 yr−1, respectively, totaling about 3000 kg in CO2 equivalent ha−1 yr−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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