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BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is associated with adverse health outcomes among Asian Americans, who exhibit the least adherence to physical activity guidelines compared with other racial and ethnic groups. Mobile app-based interventions are a promising approach to promote healthy behaviors. However, there is a lack of app-based interventions focused on improving physical activity among Asian Americans whose primary language is not English. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a 5-week intervention using a culturally and linguistically adapted, evidence-based mobile phone app with an accelerometer program, to promote physical activity among Chinese-, Tagalog-, or Vietnamese-speaking Americans. METHODS: Participants were recruited through collaborations with community-based organizations. The intervention was adapted from a 12-month physical activity randomized controlled trial involving the app and accelerometer for English-speaking adults. Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and physical measurements were collected at the baseline visit. A 7-day run-in period was conducted to screen for the participants who could wear a Fitbit One (Fitbit LLC) accelerometer and complete the apps daily step diary. During the 4-week intervention period, participants wore the accelerometer and reported their daily steps in the app. Participants also received daily messages to reinforce key contents taught during an in-person educational session, remind them to input steps, and provide tailored feedback. Feasibility measures were the percentage of eligible participants completing the run-in period and the percentage of participants who used the app diary for at least 5 out of 7 days during the intervention period. We conducted poststudy participant interviews to explore overall intervention acceptability. RESULTS: A total of 19 participants were enrolled at the beginning of the study with a mean age of 47 (SD 13.3; range 29-70) years, and 58% (n=11) of them were female. Of the participants, 26% (n=5) were Chinese, 32% (n=6) were Vietnamese, and 42% (n=8) were Filipino. All participants met the run-in criteria to proceed with the intervention. Adherence to the app diary ranged from 74% (n=14) in week 2 to 95% (n=18) in week 4. The daily average steps per week from accelerometers increased each week from 8451 (SD 3378) steps during the run-in period to 10,930 (SD 4213) steps in week 4. Participants reported positive experiences including an increased motivation to walk and the enjoyment of being able to monitor their physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first pilot study of a multicomponent intervention and evidence-based mobile phone app to promote physical activity among Asian Americans who use apps in traditional Chinese, Tagalog, or Vietnamese, which demonstrated high feasibility and acceptability. Future work focused on multilingual mobile apps to address disparities in physical inactivity among Asian Americans should be considered.

I examine how Malaka Gharib's I Was Their American Dream and It Won't Always Be Like This frame, embody, and reimagine girlhood through a multicultural transnational lens. Born in California, Gharib grew up with Filipino and Egyptian heritage. Taking advantage of the formal properties of comics, her work situates her memories and experiences at the intersection of ethnicity, gender, and transnational encounters. I interrogate how these books visualize the connection between girlhood and mixed heritage through the artist-narrator's interactions with and observation of her Filipino mother and relatives in the United States and her father, stepmother, half-siblings, and neighbors in Egypt. I also examine how the multimodality of comics draws on tropes of girlhood to enable representation through the depiction and layering of different selves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tobacco product use rates among Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (NHPI), Asian American, and Filipino American young adults in Hawai'i have risen rapidly in recent years following the introduction of electronic nicotine delivery systems. Though some research has examined tobacco use correlates for these demographics of young adults, research examining protective factors, such as cultural connectedness, is lacking. Additionally, research that disaggregates Asian Americans from Pacific Islanders is scarce, despite the differing risk and protective factors that have been determined for each group. This study separately examined cultural connectedness among NHPIs, Asian Americans, and Filipino Americans to help fill the gaps in the current tobacco product literature. The findings indicated that Asian Americans and Filipino Americans who identify more with their own cultures are less likely to use e-cigarettes; however, this relationship was not supported for NHPIs. No significant evidence was found to indicate a relationship between cultural connectedness and combustible cigarette use among any of the sampled groups. The lack of relationship between cultural connectedness and e-cigarette use among Native Hawaiians may be explained by measurement limitations in the study, and suggest the need for more culturally competent scales (e.g., an enculturation scale) that account for Indigenous status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing research suggests that lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals often face discriminatory and hostile acts known as microaggressions, which are more prevalent than those experienced by individuals with heterosexual orientations. However, literature examining this phenomenon within the Philippine context is lacking. This explanatory sequential mixed-method research involved 427 LGB cisgender Filipinos aged 18 to 54. The study comprised two phases: Phase I employed a descriptive cross-sectional design to quantify the impact of sexual orientation microaggressions using the Homonegative Microaggressions Scale. Phase II employed a phenomenological method to explore further the impact of sexual orientation microaggressions through participants' lived experiences. Findings from the quantitative phase revealed that all LGB Filipinos in the study, regardless of generation (X, Y, Z), experienced similar levels of homonegative microaggressions. No significant differences were found among participants' experiences of sexual orientation microaggressions when grouped by generation. Qualitative interviews conducted in the second phase validated the presence and impact of homonegative microaggressions, leading to the emergence of five themes: (1) Heteronormativity & Social Expectations, (2) Marginalization & Exclusion, (3) Verbal & Psychological Harassment, (4) Emotional & Psychological Impact, and (5) Challenging Gender Norms & Expectations. These findings were derived from interviews with 11 randomly selected participants from the Phase I sample. The implications and future directions of research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Culturally appropriate tools are necessary to aid in objective screening for psychological symptoms among students in university settings. This study aimed to translate and validate the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale‐21 (DASS‐21). The instrument underwent forward translation and was reviewed by representatives from the target population, field experts, and an external auditor. The translated version of the DASS‐21, together with the International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form (I‐PANAS‐SF), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), was administered to 681 university students. Through confirmatory factor analysis, results supported the intercorrelated three‐factor model with correlated errors for the DASS‐21 Filipino. Results also demonstrated the criterion validity of the depression and anxiety subscales through significant correlations with PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7, respectively, and a stringent z‐score test to examine the difference between two dependent correlations with one variable in common. The convergent validity of all three subscales was established through significant correlations with I‐PANAS‐SF and SWLS. All DASS‐21 Filipino subscales which includes depression (α =.89), anxiety (α =.84), and stress (α =.85), showed high internal consistency. The current findings offer initial evidence on the structural validity of the DASS‐21 Filipino, which can be utilized as a tool to screen for depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among Filipino speakers during a global health crisis. Implications for psychological assessment and school and clinical interventions are discussed. Practitioner Points: The original DASS‐21 was translated to Filipino to objectively measure depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among university students in the Philippines.The DASS‐21 Filipino confirmed the correlated three‐factor structure of the original DASS‐21.The DASS‐21 Filipino also showed convergent and criterion validity and item reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Older adults deal with age-related challenges concerning death and dying. Their cognitive and emotional interactions on burial arrangement, funeral expenses and body disposition encapsulate interment stresses. This grounded theory research underscored the development of interment stress among Filipino older adults (n = 26). A three-stage (Yielding, Inflowing and Discharging) model, 'The spillway for cognitive and emotional interactions of interment stress' represented interment stress as a cognitive and emotional interactive process experienced by older adults. The emergent model may be vital to offer death awareness and preparation, and a basis for creating appropriate programs to cope with the interment stress among older adults. This interment stress framework may also contribute to geriatric and gerontological psychology focused on promoting the older adults' psychological well-being and assist in achieving harmonious aging. Ultimately, the findings hope to achieve advances on individuals' and organizations' management of older adults' interment stress within personal, social and professional context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined whether Filipino mothers' and fathers' cultural values, namely individualism, collectivism and conformity values; are associated with parental warmth, rules/limit‐setting and expectations of family obligations; and child internalising and externalising behaviours. Children (n = 103; Mage = 10.52, SDage =.44) and their mothers (n = 100) and fathers (n = 79) from urban Metro Manila, Philippines, responded to self‐report measures orally or in writing. Mothers' collectivistic values, and fathers' individualistic and collectivistic values, were positively associated with expectations for children's familial obligations. Fathers' individualist values predicted lower internalising behaviours in children, whereas the valuing of conformity predicted greater paternal warmth. Future research on cultural values should unpack their dynamic meanings, processes and associations with parenting behaviours and child adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to describe the preparedness of active members of the Philippine Neurological Association (PNA) in providing medical care to LGBTQ+ patients. We electronically sent out a 21-item self-administered online survey adapted from the 2019 American Academy of Neurology LGBTQ+ Survey Task Force to 511 active members of PNA that included questions about demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and clinical practices. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze variables. Text responses were transcribed and summarized. Seventy-nine (15.5%) of 511 PNA members participated. Most participants were aware of local (53%) and national (56%) barriers that preclude patients in the LGBTQ+ sector from accessing quality health care. The majority (90%) of participants agreed that LGBTQ+ patients experience disproportionate levels of physical and psychological problems. Forty-two percent (42%) of respondents believed that sexual and gender issues have no bearing on neurological management, although a majority (53%) reported individualizing their management considering these issues. The majority were cognizant of the challenges that LGBTQ+ patients face in the health care system. However, awareness has not translated into modifications in neurological management. The openness of the participants to educational opportunities concerning health care related to LGBTQ+ can be leveraged to address this gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parenting in the context of migration involves navigating competing socialization norms between one’s receiving community and those from one’s natal home. Although research shows that parenting acculturates to some degree after migration, the complexity of this process has not been adequately explored such as how some parenting domains shift more readily than others and how migrant parents deal with incongruences. This study examined shifts and stability in parenting beliefs and practices among Filipino migrants in four communities in the United States with varying levels of co-ethnic density. Drawing from indigenous Filipino psychology methods, findings reveal the adaptive nature of parenting, with some domains shifting to better match norms in receiving communities. Findings also highlight the powerful force that culturally embedded beliefs impose on socialization, with most parenting goals and practices continuing to reflect natal notions. Regardless of community, respondents reported stresses around migrant parenting and various strategies to cope with competing childrearing notions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Methodology Results Conclusion Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are hematologic malignancies characterized by cellular proliferation of one or more hematopoietic cell lines. Management has been focused on blood count control but addressing relief from symptoms and providing a better quality of life (QOL) are equally important in the care of these patients. The MPN Symptom Assessment Form‐Total Symptom Score (MPN‐SAF TSS) is used to determine symptoms at baseline and during treatment. Understanding the symptom burden is important in developing a holistic management plan for MPN. Hence, this study aimed to determine the symptom burden and QOL of Filipino patients with MPN.Using a validated Filipino version of the MPN‐SAF‐TSS questionnaire and the University of the Philippines‐Department of Health QOL (UP‐DOH QOL) questionnaire, a cross‐sectional survey of consecutive patients with MPN from two public and two private tertiary hospitals was conducted. We purposively sampled adults, newly diagnosed or previously diagnosed with polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), or myelofibrosis (MF). The mean scores were compared with the type of MPN using analysis of variance. Linear regression was done to determine the association of patients' characteristics to the mean symptom burden and QOL scores, while logistic regression was used to determine the association of patient and disease characteristics with the level of symptom severity and QOL.A total of 167 (63 PV, 66 ET, and 38 MF) patients were surveyed from four centers. The mean overall symptom burden score was 24.41 (standard deviation [SD] = 18.91) with MF having the highest score at 28.53, followed by PV at 23.75 and ET at 22.67. The majority (80.24%) had a high QOL with a mean global QoL score of 84.92 (SD = 16.75). Comparison of individual scores showed bone pain and weight loss were significantly higher in patients with MF compared to PV (p = 0.0002) and ET (p = 0.032); while pruritus was significantly higher in PV compared to ET and MF (p = 0.043). Logistic regression analysis showed female sex and being newly diagnosed (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 11.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.32–54.25) were associated with high symptom burden while having a controlled blood count (aOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.10–0.71) was associated with low symptom burden and high QOL.The majority of the participants were symptomatic with moderate to severe symptom burden. While no statistically significant difference was seen among the three types of MPN in terms of overall mean symptom score, patients with MF were more likely to have a severe symptom burden while patients with ET had the least symptoms. Despite having symptoms, QOL was regarded as high. QoL was significantly higher among those with PV or ET than those with MF. Our study highlighted the utility of a validated symptom scoring system in determining the symptom burden and who would benefit from pharmacologic/non‐pharmacologic symptom management. Results emphasized incorporating symptom scoring in clinical practice and going beyond blood counts in caring for our patients with MPN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBisexuality is a sexual orientation that involves feelings of romance and sexual desire for more than one gender. A narrative qualitative design was used to examine bisexual Filipinos’ stories before and after coming out and their views on the coming out process, including when and how it happens, the challenges they encountered, and how it affects their relationships. Ten (10) young adult bisexual Filipinos (seven bisexual women and three bisexual men) aged 18 to 23 were interviewed. Respondents shared their negative and positive experiences with coming out and how they manage biphobia and bi-invisibility. Findings showed that participants’ relationships changed before and after coming out. They became more comfortable with their families and friends knowing about their sexual identity. In addition, they have a better connection with their “self” as they feel freer and self-aware. Unmet needs such as lack of representation in media, gender and sexuality education to the Filipinos, support from other LGBTQIA + communities, and establishing safe space were also discovered. This study adds to the knowledge of bisexual individuals who encountered biphobia and bi-invisibility while coming out. Mental health professionals and authorities can also use the findings to understand the issue better, meet bisexual people’s needs, plan and create effective programs, and help bisexual Filipinos who have struggled to come out.Ang bisexuality ay itinuturing na isang gender orientation kung saan ang pinipili nilang mahalin o gustushin ay higit pa sa isang kasarian. Gamit ang narrative qualitative design, sinuri ng pag-aaral na ito ang mga kuwentong-buhay ng mga Pilipinong bisekswal bago at matapos nilang matanggap at ipaalam sa iba ang kanilang gender identity. Bukod sa kanilang salaysay sa pagtanggap sa sarili at ng mga nakapaligid sa kanila sa kanilang pagkatao, nilayon din ng pag-aaral na suriin ang mga hamon na kanilang hinarap, at ang mga pagpapasiya patungkol sa kanilang mga relasyon dahil sa kanilang sekswalidad. Sampung (10) kabataang bisekswal na Pilipino (pitong bisexual na kababaihan at tatlong bisexual na kalalakihan) na may edad na 18 hanggang 23 ang naging bahagi ng panayam. Ibinahagi ng mga kalahok ang mga karanasang positibo at negatibo na nakaapekto sa kanilang pagkatao, pati na rin ang biphobia at bi-invisibility na kanilang naranasan. Ibinahagi rin ng mga kalahok ang pagbabago sa kanilang relasyon matapos maibahagi sa iba ang kanilang pagiging bisexual. Ang mga pagbabagong ito ay naging daan upang higit na maging bukas sa kanilang mga pamilya at kaibigan, mapagtibay ang relasyon sa kanilang mga sarili, at makaramdam ng kalayaan at kamalayan sa kanilang sekswalidad. Binigyang diin rin ang mga pangangailangan upang higit silang maunawaan tulad ng, sapat na representasyon sa midya, edukasyon sa kasarian at sekswalidad para sa mga Pilipino, suporta mula sa ibang komunidad ng mga LGBTQIA+, at ang pakiramdam na ligtas sila saan man sila pumunta. Pinag-aralan din kung paano makakapagdagdag sa kaalaman ang mga konsepto patungkol sa mga bisekswal na indibidwal na nakaranas ng biphobia at bi-invisibility habang ibinabahagi sa iba ang kanilang pagiging bisexual. Maaari ring gamitin ng mga propesyonal sa mental health at mga awtoridad ang mga natuklasan upang mas maunawaan ang isyu, matugunan ang mga pangangailangan ng mga bisekswal na tao, makalikha ng mabisang programa, at tulungan ang mga bisekswal na Pilipino na nagkakaroon ng agam-agam sa pagiging totoo sa kanilang sekswalidad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to help in the area of depression screening in the Philippine setting, focusing on the detection of depression symptoms through language use and behavior in social media to help improve the accuracy of symptom tracking. A two-stage detection model is proposed, wherein the first stage deals with the detection if depression symptoms exist and the second stage focuses on the detection of depression symptom category or type for English and Filipino language. A baseline data set with 14 depression categories consisting of 86,163 tweets was used as input to various machine learning algorithms together with Twitter user behaviors, linguistic features, and psychological behaviors. The two-stage detection models used Bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory type of Artificial Neural Network with dropout nodes. The first stage, with a binary output classifier, can detect tweets with “Depression Symptom” or “No Symptom” categories with an accuracy of 0.91 and F1-score of 0.90. The second stage classifier has 6 depression symptom categories, namely “Mind and Sleep,” “Appetite,” “Substance use,” “Suicidal tendencies,” “Pain,” and “Emotion” symptoms that has an accuracy of 0.83 and F1-score of 0.81. The two-stage algorithm can be used to complement mental health support provided by clinicians and in public health interventions to serve as high-level assessment tool. Limitations on misclassifications, negation, and data imbalance and biases can be addressed in future studies.

ObjectiveThe Philippines experienced one of the longest restriction periods during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to provide a developmental profile of 18–25 month-old children and identify factors associated with their development during their early years being born and raised during the pandemic.MethodsThe study population was recruited through convenience sampling among families living in proximity to the daycare centers in Cainta, Rizal, Philippines. 116 children qualified to participate and underwent developmental screening using the Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) Checklist and their parents were interviewed related to demographic and social factors.ResultsThe mean score of the children’s Overall Development is 106.47 (SD = 13.43) indicating that children’s skills were within the expected range of 80–119. Girls had significantly higher mean scores compared to boys [MGirl = 111.23, SDGirl = 9.95 vs. MBoy = 101.18, SDBoy = 14.83 t(114) = −4.32 p

BACKGROUND: Asian and Pacific Islander (Asian/PI) adults have lower hip fracture incidence than non-Hispanic White (NHW) adults, but data regarding Asian/PI subgroups are limited. We compared hip fracture incidence among older US Asian/PI and NHW populations, including ethnic subgroup differences. METHODS: Using observational data from a California healthcare system, we identified Asian/PI and NHW adults aged ≥50 years (2000-2019) and followed subjects to 2021 for hip fracture determined by principal/primary hospital diagnosis or by secondary hospital diagnosis with hip/femur procedure codes. Age-adjusted hip fracture incidence was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Log-Poisson regression was used to determine fracture incidence rate ratios (IRRs, [CI]; NHW or Chinese as reference) adjusting for age and year. RESULTS: Among 215,359 Asian/PI and 776,839 NHW women, hip fracture incidence was 1.34 (1.28-1.40) and 2.97 (2.94-3.01) per 1000 person-years, respectively, with IRR 0.45 (0.43-0.47). Among 188,328 Asian/PI and 697,046 NHW men, hip fracture incidence was 0.62 (0.58-0.67) and 1.81 (1.78-1.84) per 1000 person-years, respectively, with IRR 0.34 (0.32-0.37). For the four largest Asian/PI subgroups, Filipina women (IRR 0.85 [0.75-0.96]) had lower, and Japanese (IRR 1.36 [1.20-1.54]) and South Asian (IRR 1.36 [1.07-1.72]) women had higher hip fracture incidence compared to Chinese women. Hip fracture incidence was only higher among South Asian (IRR 1.61 [1.21-2.14]) compared to Chinese men. CONCLUSION: Hip fracture incidence among US Asian/PI adults was 55% (women) and 66% (men) lower than NHW adults, but incidence varied by Asian/PI subgroup. The heterogeneity among Asian/PI adults highlights the importance of examining fracture risk by ethnic subgroup.

This study developed, validated, and tested the reliability of the flourishing scale for Filipino older adults. The exploratory sequential mixed methods approach and the purposive snowball sampling technique were utilized. The study revealed nine themes: life triumphs, activities, attitude, relationships, emotions, resources, life purpose, life lessons, and spirituality. These served as bases for the nine items developed, constituting the flourishing scale. The scale evaluation revealed an I-CVI > 0.78 and S-CVI/Ave = 0.943, which indicated excellent content validity with all items maintained. For reliability testing, Cronbach’s alpha analysis yielded α = .865, indicating a reliable and acceptable scale. Recommendations to utilize the flourishing scale for Filipino older adults are provided in nursing practice and nursing education.

Abstract Background Seafarers’ diets are often high in fat, sugar and calories, thus contributing to an increased risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. The multitude of obstacles to healthy eating in the on-board environment on merchant ships makes it essential to find new approaches for health promotion. This study explored seafarers’ attitudes, the status quo of support measures and chances to improve nutrition on merchant ships from the perspective of crews and cooks. Methods In the course of the EU-funded project “e-healthy ship”, European and Southeast Asian seafarers (N = 810) and ship cooks (N = 62) were examined by using two questionnaires on 68 ships of two German shipping companies. Results Almost all seafarers (98.8%) considered a healthy diet important for their well-being and the majority of seafarers reported being open-minded about changing their eating habits (88.4%). However, European seafarers were less likely to respond that they are willing to eat less meat [OR 0.11; 95%CI (0.07–0.17); p 85% agreement). Conclusions To improve nutrition on board merchant ships, various parameters need to be adjusted, such as ensuring a demand-oriented food supply on board or supporting seafarers’ healthy food choices through target group-specific nutrition education. Ship cooks would be able to play a crucial role if they receive support. The development of a tablet-based digital platform that supports the ship cooks in their daily tasks, offers training and empowers them to implement health-promoting measures themselves seems to be an accepted and promising approach.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) accounting for majority of lung cancers. Thus, it is important to find potential biomarkers, such as glycans and glycoproteins, which can be used as diagnostic tools against NSCLC. Here, the N-glycome, proteome, and N-glycosylation distribution maps of tumor and peritumoral tissues of Filipino lung cancer patients (n = 5) were characterized. We present several case studies with varying stages of cancer development (I-III), mutation status (EGFR, ALK), and biomarker expression based on a three-gene panel (CD133, KRT19, and MUC1). Although the profiles of each patient were unique, specific trends arose that correlated with the role of aberrant glycosylation in cancer progression. Specifically, we observed a general increase in the relative abundance of high-mannose and sialofucosylated N-glycans in tumor samples. Analysis of the glycan distribution per glycosite revealed that these sialofucosylated N-glycans were specifically attached to glycoproteins involved in key cellular processes, including metabolism, cell adhesion, and regulatory pathways. Protein expression profiles showed significant enrichment of dysregulated proteins involved in metabolism, adhesion, cell-ECM interactions, and N-linked glycosylation, supporting the protein glycosylation results. The present case series study provides the first demonstration of a multi-platform mass-spectrometric analysis specifically for Filipino lung cancer patients.

As a significant international health emergency, COVID-19, formerly known as 2019-nCov and later termed SARS-Cov-2 or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, has introduced a myriad of behavioral, emotional, and social problems, most notably the fear of the virus itself. In response, a team of researchers developed a scale that measures COVID-19-related fear in 2020. Today, however, the scale has not been fully tested among the Filipino population in general. Hence, the present research addressed the situation by adapting and validating the original scale. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and other relevant reliability analyses were employed to assess the scale’s reliability and factor structure during the adaptation process, and a variety of local terms were used to describe the fear. The study employed convenience sampling to include 498 Filipino participants. Findings revealed excellent internal consistency at 0.85, whereas the CFA factor loadings were between 0.41 and 0.86, which validated the unidimensional nature of the scale. The Filipino adaptation of the scale in this study is regarded as reliable and valid for Filipinos. Moreover, using the scale may help develop ways to prevent and treat related psychological conditions and assist mental health care professionals in researching related COVID-19 impacts in the Philippines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known about how Filipino secular psychotherapists understand and address the religious/spiritual struggles of their clients. The current study employed a qualitative approach in exploring the experiences of secular psychotherapists in addressing religious/spiritual struggles in secular psychotherapy. The authors interviewed six secular psychotherapists who identified as Catholics but practiced from a secular lens. Data were examined using interpretative phenomenological analysis and were independently audited by an external auditor to establish rigor and trustworthiness. Three superordinate themes emerged from the findings: (1) the objects; (2) the lenses; and (3) the approaches to the objects. These main themes each reflected three subordinate themes, derived by clustering the content accordingly. For the participants, addressing religious/spiritual struggles in secular therapy can be likened to a field of view wherein they are looking through a secular lens, which influences how they view and address the religious/spiritual struggles of their clients. The secular psychotherapists' understanding and approach to religious/spiritual struggles are heavily influenced by their theoretical orientation. However, they acknowledge the impact of their values and beliefs in their practice of psychotherapy. The findings of the study have implications for the practice of psychotherapy as well as the training of future psychotherapists in the Philippines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This review aimed to identify and map the evidence about sarcopenia among older Filipinos. Methods: Studies about sarcopenia among Filipinos aged 60 and above were included. All studies regardless of type, setting, language, and timeframe were reviewed. The Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, Embase, PubMed, and Health Research and Development Information Network were searched. The study was conducted per an a priori protocol and utilized the Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for scoping reviews. Results: From the 87 records identified, 20 studies published from 2013 to 2023 were eligible (≥ 5424 participants). The studies were varied; 11 cross-sectional, 2 conference lectures, 2 consensus reports, 1 meta-analysis, cohort study, case series, posthoc analysis, and continuing education. As to setting, 11 studies were conducted in the hospital and 4 in the community. On the level of prevention, 5 studies addressed the primary level, 10 studies secondary, and 2 studies both tertiary and secondary. The studies focused on: sarcopenia in a specific group (13 studies), consensus (4 studies), and education (3 studies). Conclusions: Sarcopenia studies among older Filipinos were limited. Most were hospital-based and involved patients with comorbidities. Some studies used sarcopenia assessment guidelines with Filipino normative references. Sarcopenia impacts the overall well-being of older Filipinos; hence more studies and health promotion programs are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Seafarers' diets are often high in fat, sugar and calories, thus contributing to an increased risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. The multitude of obstacles to healthy eating in the on-board environment on merchant ships makes it essential to find new approaches for health promotion. This study explored seafarers' attitudes, the status quo of support measures and chances to improve nutrition on merchant ships from the perspective of crews and cooks. Methods: In the course of the EU-funded project "e-healthy ship", European and Southeast Asian seafarers (N = 810) and ship cooks (N = 62) were examined by using two questionnaires on 68 ships of two German shipping companies. Results: Almost all seafarers (98.8%) considered a healthy diet important for their well-being and the majority of seafarers reported being open-minded about changing their eating habits (88.4%). However, European seafarers were less likely to respond that they are willing to eat less meat [OR 0.11; 95%CI (0.07–0.17); p <.001], more vegetables [OR 0.10; 95%CI (0.02–0.49); p =.005] and more fruits [OR 0.11; 95%CI (0.02–0.61); p =.011] than their Southeast Asian colleagues. On the one hand, 82.3% of the ship cooks reported having taken part in at least one cooking course organized by their employer (1: 33.9%, 2: 25.8%, 3: 14.5%, 4 or more: 8.1%), on the other hand, slightly above half stated that the last of these courses had taken place more than 2 years ago. Furthermore, the ship cooks showed a positive attitude towards the use of a tablet-based digital platform that supports the ship cooks in daily and complex tasks (> 85% agreement). Conclusions: To improve nutrition on board merchant ships, various parameters need to be adjusted, such as ensuring a demand-oriented food supply on board or supporting seafarers' healthy food choices through target group-specific nutrition education. Ship cooks would be able to play a crucial role if they receive support. The development of a tablet-based digital platform that supports the ship cooks in their daily tasks, offers training and empowers them to implement health-promoting measures themselves seems to be an accepted and promising approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ang pagbabasa ay isang pangunahing kasanayan sa wika na kritikal sa pag-unlad ng mga mag-aaral, subalit marami pa rin ang nahihirapan sa pag-unawa ng mga teksto. Ang pagaaral na ito ay naglalayong suriin ang bisa ng Catch-up Fridays, bahagi ng Project DEAR ng Kagawaran ng Edukasyon, sa pagpapabuti ng kakayahan sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral sa senior high school. Ang teoryang Bottom-Up, Top-Down, Interaktib, at Iskima ay ginamit bilang batayan ng pag-aaral. Ang metodolohiyang deskriptibo na pagsusuring penomenolohikal ay ginamit, kasama ang mga talatanungan at Likert scale upang mangolekta at magsuri ng datos. Ang mga kalahok ay mga mag-aaral mula sa iba't ibang strand ng senior high school na sumailalim sa pagtataya sa pagbasa. Sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng Jamovi para sa statistical analysis, natuklasan na may makabuluhang pagkakaiba sa mga marka ng mga mag-aaral sa iba't ibang strand. Ang TVL strand ay may pinakamataas na mean score na 6.85, kasunod ang ABM na may 5.40, at HUMSS na may 4.30. Ang resulta ng ANOVA ay nagpakita ng statistically significant na pagkakaiba (p<0.05) sa mga marka ng iba't ibang grupo. Ang mga natuklasan ay nagpapakita ng positibong epekto ng Catch-up Fridays sa pagpapabuti ng kakayahan sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral. Iminumungkahi na ipagpatuloy at palawakin ang implementasyon ng Catch-up Fridays upang higit pang mapataas ang kasanayan sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral, na magdudulot ng mas mahusay na pag-unawa at komunikasyon sa wikang Filipino. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background In this study, we evaluated the utility of the TyG index among Filipino patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and explored its association with various laboratory markers. Methods An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted by retrospectively obtaining data from the medical records of 109 Filipino T2DM patients from a tertiary level teaching hospital. Data obtained were then statistically analyzed. Results Results revealed an overall TyG index of 9.15 ± 0.71 among the participants. A significant dose-response relationship was observed between the TyG index and HbA1c. The AUC result has an acceptable discriminating ability among patients with varying glycemic control. The optimal cut-off value of >8.4 has a sensitivity of 92.5% and a specificity of 47.1% in identifying patients with poor glycemic control. Conclusion Overall, our findings show the potential of TyG index in glycemic control assessment among Filipinos with T2DM. However, further analysis must be performed to verify its clinical utility and applicability in different populations.

Beginning in the 1880s, maritime unions sought federal legislation to prevent Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, and Asian Indian sailors from serving as crew members on U.S.-flag vessels. The campaign succeeded and mandatory citizenship requirements for crews remain in the U.S. Code to this day. Similarly, federal and state laws limited the ability of Asians to fish, own fishing boats, or to serve on crews of fishing vessels. Few of these laws targeted Asians by name, but legislative history and contemporary media accounts indicate otherwise. Racial exclusion motivated many facially neutral requirements such as literacy tests and restricted jobs to citizens or those who declared their intention to become citizens. Since U.S. law restricted naturalization by race from 1790 to 1952, the citizenship requirement generated direct racial effects-white immigrants could be sailors or fishers, but not Asian immigrants. This discrimination had several significant characteristics: It was carried out by complementary state and federal law; it was expansive in terms of time and geography, it often used facially neutral categories to carry out intentional racial discrimination, and it is little-known today. These characteristics suggest the pervasive and comprehensive nature of racial discrimination in U.S. law the pre-Civil Rights era.

Many heritage speakers in diaspora communities are multilingual individuals, often speaking two or more heritage languages alongside the societal majority language as well as another lingua franca (i.e. English). This paper examines the multilingual practices of 26 Filipino speakers in Italy (15 from the first generation and 11 second generation) in the framework of Family Language Policy. Four main findings emerge from the sociolinguistic interviews: (1) the multilingualism of the first generation is reduced in second generation, with Philippine regional languages seldom transmitted to children; this is reflected in a varied attitude toward these languages; (2) in parent–children interactions the mixing of Filipino and Italian prevails, thus, although Italian is present, Filipino is always maintained, confirming an overall positive attitude; (3) English is never selected as the only language of communication, but rather in combination with Italian or Filipino; (4) in the second generation, the exclusive use of Italian occurs with peers or younger interlocutors (e.g. siblings, partners, children). This study further contributes to our understanding of linguistic choices among multilingual migrants by allowing a comparison with other Filipino diasporic communities in Asia, North America and Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apomorphine hydrochloride is used in the management of advanced Parkinson disease (PD), either as a rescue medication for off periods during levodopa therapy or as a maintenance pump medication. This is the first study to describe the effects of apomorphine in Filipino patients with PD. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of apomorphine ampules (APO-go®) pump infusion in the treatment of motor fluctuations in patients inadequately controlled on oral anti-Parkinson medications. Patients diagnosed with PD who developed motor fluctuations with levodopa were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the study using the Modified Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) Scale, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS). After initial assessment, patients were administered 20 ampules of apomorphine hydrochloride 10 mg/mL by infusion pump over 20 days. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis included all patients who completed at least one posttreatment assessment. Motor disability based on modified H&Y scores, motor function and complications of therapy pre- and posttreatment were compared using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Chi-squared test was used to compare outcomes by age and sex. Frequencies of adverse reactions were recorded to evaluate the tolerability of the medication. Ten patients (mean age 63 ± 9.7 years), 3 male and 7 female, were enrolled in the study. Patients were given apomorphine for at most 16 days. The doses used were 2.5 mg/0.50 mL (n = 2), 3 mg/0.60 mL (n = 6), 4 mg/0.80 mL (n = 1) and 7 mg/1.40 mL (n = 1). After obtaining the threshold dose, two patients discontinued treatment. Eight of nine patients showed significant improvement in H&Y scores after treatment (p < 0.017). There was marked improvement after 10 days of treatment in at least five of 10 patients in terms of motor function using UPDRS, which included tremor (p < 0.034), rigidity (p < 0.002), facial expression (p < 0.014), finger taps (p < 0.008), foot taps (p < 0.014) and gait (p < 0.006). Significant changes from pre- to posttreatment scores in the frequency of dyskinesias (p < 0.010) and dystonia (p < 0.025) were observed. Nine focus areas of AIMS showed significant improvements in the muscles of facial expression (p < 0.020), upper (p < 0.016) and lower extremities (p < 0.010), incapacitation by abnormal movement (p < 0.010) and patients' awareness of abnormal movements (p < 0.039). Six patients experienced adverse events, none of which were related to the study drug. Apomorphine hydrochloride pump infusion therapy is potentially effective and safe in the treatment of motor fluctuations in Filipino patients with PD. This pilot study springboards safe engagements of Filipino PD patients in multicenter, large-scale trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the effect on the performance Project 4Ps (Pagagalingin at Pauunlarin ang Pag-aaral sa Pagbasa) and evaluate its implementation at Antonio C. Esguerra Memorial National High School during the school year 2023-2024. The researcher used experimental method of research utilizing pre-test and post-test were used to determine the level of reading performance of the students in selected competencies in Filipino 10. Likewise, descriptive method of research was employed with an adapted questionnaire-checklist as the main instrument which was administered to nine (9) teachers who served as respondents and who evaluated the reading program with respect to its objectives, instructional strategies, assessment, intervention activities, and monitoring and elevation. The results showed that There was a good increase on the scores of the students. With an overall total mean of 19.27 in the pretest, there was a vast difference of 20.23 resulting to an increase to 39.50. Moreso, the teacher-respondents provided positive evaluations on the conduct of reading remedial sessions. The teachers suggested that this program should be budgeted, use more reading techniques, and involve parents in the reading remedial session's process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational approaches have grown in prominence amidst advancements in new media and technologies and ever-increasing amounts of digital data. This article critically examines these automated techniques, especially the analytical affordances and concerns that such methods introduce to the study of online migrant and mobility discourses. The paper further argues for a mixed methodology anchored on social representations theory--a contextually sensitive framework that enables reflexive use of computational approaches, i.e., quantitatively analyze but also explore different layers of cultural and linguistic meanings in online diasporic interactions. With Filipino migrants in Germany as a case study and partner community, the study then demonstrates the combined application of topic modeling and ethnographically inspired qualitative analysis on migrant posts in Facebook. The findings are discussed in the form of a cultural reflection on Filipino values and expectations and an advocacy for mixed methodologies grounded on critical, social, and practice-oriented theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this performative autoethnography, I broadly question the communication discipline's investments in empire. Specifically, by tracing how my body – as a Pinay – has not fit within the united states, academia, and the field, I map the fissures created by my body's contact with essentialism, english, and empire. Through stories offered, I call for a more liberatory knowledge production – one that goes beyond identity politics and toward abolition, one that encourages the pluriversality of knowledges and languages beyond the white and Eurocentric canon, and one that lays siege to the empire and moves toward liberation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the current landscape of teaching literacy to Filipino Deaf students in a multilingual, multi-cultural classroom amid the pandemic. The article highlights the uniqueness of Filipino Deaf students as multilingual learners in a multi-cultural classroom and the lack of literature and research on Deaf multilingualism both locally and globally. Moreover, the article focuses on the role of Deaf teachers in teaching Filipino Deaf students, especially in their literacy development. The steps being done to ensure that the curriculum is inclusive of Deaf learners who use Filipino Sign Language (FSL), teacher preparation and materials development, and the challenges in the shift to distance learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic are also discussed. Future directions and recommendations include review of curriculum and adaptation, enhancement of teacher preparation, promotion of collaborative teaching and research efforts, and the production of more appropriate and accessible instructional materials for Deaf students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we visualize a framework of the intersectionality of literacy, spatial justice, and multimodality in teaching literacy to Filipino Deaf students. We propose a metaphor-based framework and discuss how it can be used in teaching literacy to Filipino Deaf students through classroom examples as well as suggestions and recommendations for teachers. We do this mainly through redefining the term literacy , allowing students access to different modalities, and restructuring learning spaces. We also explore the relationship between spatial justice and the concept of Deaf Space and how this applies in the "new normal" of online learning due to the pandemic. We also address the issue of how classroom and education structure may inadvertently produce spatial injustice, especially for Deaf students. Implications and additional questions in teaching Filipino Deaf students are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Without adequate preparation and competence, nursing students entering the practice might not respond effectively to the growing health and healthcare disparities among the LGBTQ+ population. Objective: Guided by Pacquiao's Framework for Culturally Competent Healthcare, the study aimed to describe and to compare nursing students' self-rated LGBTQ+ care competence by personal, sociocultural, and educational characteristics, and identify the relationship between LGBTQ+ care competence, level of compassion, and the number of LGBTQ+-related topics offered in nursing curriculum. Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented through online survey among fourth-year nursing students (N = 208) from nursing schools in Metro Manila using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender-Nursing Education Assessment instrument, the Revised Short Version of the Compassionate Love for Humanity Scale, and the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Development of Clinical Skills Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Nursing students' overall LGBTQ+ care competence mean rating score was 5.21 out of 7.0. Attitudinal awareness had the highest mean rating score (mean= 6.34, SD= 0.98), followed by basic knowledge (mean= 4.93, SD= 1.27) and clinical preparedness (mean=4.25, SD=1.23). Significant differences in the overall LGBTQ+ care competence mean rating scores were found based on exposure to LGBTQ+-related media contents (p=.03), personal experience in caring for LGBTQ+ clients (p=.00), ethnicity (p=.020), friends' acceptance of LGBTQ (p<.001), categories of educational institution (p<.001), and level of awareness of the school's LGBTQ+-related policies (p=.001). Overall LGBTQ+ care competence had a weak significant positive correlation with compassion (r=0.232, p<.001) and number of LGBTQ+-related topics offered in nursing curriculum (r=0.200, p<.01). Conclusion: Findings show that the current generation of nursing students has more positive awareness, acceptance, and attitudes toward the LGBTQ+ population. Embedding LGBTQ+ health in the nursing curriculum must be strategically placed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, translanguaging has been the focus of many scholarly studies in bilingual education and applied linguistics. Scholars have urged language teachers to develop contextually grounded translingual pedagogies to transform their praxis. However, in the context of Philippine ELT, there seems to be resistance towards a translanguaging stance and a misunderstanding of what it means to ground one's teaching in translingual realities. This article investigated Filipino in-service and pre-service teachers' perspectives of translanguaging through a survey which utilised short-answer questions. The survey results were then utilised to design a seminar-workshop which aimed at raising awareness about the theoretical and pedagogical underpinnings of translanguaging. Data analysis utilised a thematic analytic lens, revealing how the teacher-participants (mis)understand translanguaging. Specifically, Filipino English teachers have conflicting perspectives regarding how multi-/translingual ELT looks in the classroom. Although most of the teacher-participants expressed a willingness to honour the students' languages as essential resources for learning, several others hold a relatively limited or essentialist understanding of language learning and support monolingual ideologies that privilege English. Moreover, while the participants willingly accepted the invitation to reimagine their classrooms as multi-/translingual spaces, this paper underscores the need to (re)focus or expand professional development efforts on awareness raising about the crucial developments in second language learning research in addition to engaging the teachers to examine their beliefs about teaching and learning critically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The primary objectives of this study were to perform cross-cultural adaptation and to determine the validity and reliability of the Filipino IKDC Subjective Knee Form. Methodology. The IKDC subjective knee form was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Filipino. The process consisted of a forward translation, backward translation, review of versions by an expert committee, modification of the Draft Filipino version, and pre-testing of the Initial Filipino version. The clinimetric properties of the final Filipino IKDC subjective form, namely face and content validity, construct validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability were measured from 101 respondents. Face and Content validity were explored with questionnaires, internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach Alpha, test-retest reliability was measured with interclass correlation coefficients, and construct validity was analyzed by comparing scores between respondents with injured knees with respondents with healthy knees. Results. The Filipino version of the IKDC subjective form has internally good clinimetric properties. Content validity showed that all items of the Filipino Version of the IKDC subjective form were perceived to be highly relevant by experts. Face validity showed that the participants graded the questionnaire items as easy to understand and relevant to their condition. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability and were interpreted as excellent and acceptable, with an ICC value of 0.99 and Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.702, respectively. Conclusion. The Filipino IKDC subjective knee form has good face validity, content validity and is a reliable patient reported outcome measure for knee function.

Factor X (FX) deficiency is an extremely rare inherited bleeding disorder affecting one in 1,000,000 people. According to the most recent published census of the World Hemophilia Federation, to date there is no reported case of FX deficiency in the Philippines. Rare disorders like FX deficiency often go unrecognised or misdiagnosed. Here, we report the first case of FX deficiency in a Filipino child. A two-month-old male child with consanguinity was referred to our hospital due to bleeding episodes. On the third day of life, he had haematomas to the cervical area and upper extremities, and spontaneous bleeding of the umbilical cord was noted. Initial workup showed prolonged PT and aPTT. Factor deficiencies including FVIII and FIX were considered, however assays were normal. At six weeks of age, the child developed convulsions and deteriorating neurologic status. CT scan showed subarachnoid haemorrhage. The child was referred for further workup. Additional assay of clotting factors showed decreased FX activity at less than 1% and he was diagnosed with severe congenital FX deficiency. Following recurrent intracranial bleeding, the child has been observed to have permanent neurological deficit. This case highlights the importance of timely and accurate diagnosis to prevent life-threatening complications and the risk of permanent disability. Despite being an extremely rare disorder, the incidence of FX deficiency is estimated to be higher in populations where consanguineous marriages are common. Awareness of this rare condition must be emphasised. Families may benefit from screening through coagulation studies as well as genetic counselling, especially when planning future pregnancies. The rarity of this condition has not allowed for the establishment of evidence-based management guidelines, with treatment based on limited literature. Despite development of FX-specific clotting factor products, the high cost and limited availability impact their use in low-resource settings.

Abstract Background The survival of women with early‐stage breast cancer varies by racial group. Filipino women with breast cancer are an understudied group and are often combined with other Asian groups. We compared clinical presentations and survival rates for Filipino and White women with breast cancer diagnosed in the United States. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women with breast cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 in the SEER18 registries database. We compared crude survival between Filipino and White women. We then calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) in a propensity‐matched design using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results There were 10,834 Filipino (2.5%) and 414,618 White women (97.5%) with Stage I–IV breast cancer in the SEER database. The mean age at diagnosis was 57.5 years for Filipino women and 60.8 years for White women (p

The purpose of this study is to outline the prevalence of American colonialism present within the values of Philippine culture and the Philippine identity. Aspects of colonialism and assimilation into American culture are highlighted through my parents’ immigration story. Many Pilipinos/Pilipino-Americans struggle with a sense of identity, especially growing up or being exposed to a bicultural environment. I utilize the idea of identity conflict to examine how aspects of identity are represented through Philippine cultural values. The value of historical texts regarding American colonization, assimilation, and topics confined under the complexities of the Pilipino-American identity are investigated and evaluated. My parents’ stories and their conformity to American culture/ideals as an exemplar for how this social phenomena manifests itself in those who identify with an identity related to the Philippine culture. Primary texts and secondary texts are evaluated to describe the impacts of colonialism on Philippine culture. It is also important to note my identity as a second-generation Pilipina-American. I was not raised in the Philippines, but raised with Philippine culture through my parents. I tie in my parents’ immigration story and the values they had imposed on me growing up. I was raised with these values; many of them are a part of my identity, which I argue, are rooted in American colonialism. My parents’ identity is rooted in American colonialism, therefore my identity is also rooted in American colonialism.keywords: assimilation, colonial, colonialism, imperialism, American colonialism, Filipino, Filipino identity, Pilipino, Pilipino identity, identity, immigration, ethnic identity, ethnic studies, assimilation

Background. Injuries about the foot and ankle account for a significant number of injuries that may lead to substantial functional impairment and disability. A standardized method of outcome assessment is necessary to evaluate and monitor patients’ progress. One commonly used evaluation system is the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle and hindfoot scale. The purpose of this study was to translate the AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot scale into Filipino and establish its cultural adaptation and validity. Methodology. This was a single-center cross-sectional study that included patients with ankle and hindfoot conditions who took part in the evaluation of the proposed Filipino translation of the Ankle-Hindfoot Scale, following the guidelines set by the AOFAS. Construct validity and test-retest reliability were analyzed using intra-class correlation coefficients; internal consistency was analyzed with Cronbach’s alpha. A Rasch principal components analysis was also used to test for reliability and construct validity. Results. Cronbach’s alpha was measured at 0.98 in terms of function, while the item separation index showed good internal consistency of the construct. Rasch analysis confirmed that the construct is a multidimensional metric. Intra-class correlation using Pearson’s coefficient was significant at 0.8779 (p

Computational approaches have grown in prominence amidst advancements in new media and technologies and ever-increasing amounts of digital data. This article critically examines these automated techniques, especially the analytical affordances and concerns that such methods introduce to the study of online migrant and mobility discourses. The paper further argues for a mixed methodology anchored on social representations theory—a contextually sensitive framework that enables reflexive use of computational approaches, i.e., quantitatively analyze but also explore different layers of cultural and linguistic meanings in online diasporic interactions. With Filipino migrants in Germany as a case study and partner community, the study then demonstrates the combined application of topic modeling and ethnographically inspired qualitative analysis on migrant posts in Facebook. The findings are discussed in the form of a cultural reflection on Filipino values and expectations and an advocacy for mixed methodologies grounded on critical, social, and practice-oriented theories.

Using the lens of interpretative phenomenological analysis, this study explored the leadership experiences of bicultural business leaders in the Philippines. Semistructured interviews were conducted among 16 leaders in family‐owned, small and medium‐sized enterprises in the Philippines who are ethnically Chinese and have Filipino nationality. Findings focused on salient expressions of biculturalism in leadership, bicultural leadership challenges, and advantages. Most of the participants experienced fluidity in their expressions of Filipino and Chinese identities and how these manifest in the workplace. Challenges shared pertain to generational factors as participants assumed leadership roles through kinship, as well as relational challenges reflective of cultural nuances. The leaders view their being bicultural as having the "best of both worlds" as they have greater access to cultural information and a more holistic view of which values and norms to use in their leadership roles and in various social interactions. Fluency in communicating in Chinese and Filipino was perceived to enable effective interactions and facilitate trust building with their customers, employees, and suppliers. Implications focused on the need to consider biculturalism in leadership development programmes in educational institutions and organizations, especially with increasing bi/multiculturalism in workplaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]