Search

Nosocomial infections represent a major threat within healthcare systems worldwide, underscoring the critical need for materials with antimicrobial properties. This study presents the development of polyurethane foam embedded with silver nanoparticles (PUF/AgNPs) using a rapid, eco-friendly, in situ radiochemical synthesis method. The nanocomposites were characterized by UV–vis and FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray technique (SEM/EDX), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile and compression strengths, antimicrobial activity, and foam toxicity tests. The resulting PUF/AgNPs demonstrated prolonged stability (over 12 months) and good dispersion of AgNPs. Also, the samples presented higher levels of hardness compared to samples without AgNPs (deformation of 1682 µm for V1 vs. 4307 µm for V0, under a 5 N force), tensile and compression strength of 1.80 MPa and 0.34 Mpa, respectively. Importantly, they exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against a broad range of bacteria (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis) and a fungal mixture (no fungal growth on the sample surface was observed after 28 days of exposure). Furthermore, these materials were non-toxic to human keratinocytes, which kept their specific morphology after 24 h of incubation, highlighting their potential for safe use in biomedical applications. We envision promising applications for PUF/AgNPs in hospital bed mattresses and antimicrobial mats, offering a practical strategy to reduce nosocomial infections and enhance patient safety within healthcare facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the technological developments witnessed in recent decades, nanotechnology and nanomaterials have found uses in several common applications and products we encounter daily. On the other hand, polyurethane (PU) foams represent an extremely versatile material, being widely recognized for their extensive application possibilities and possessing a multitude of fundamental attributes that enhance their broad usability across various application fields. By combining the versatility of PU with the antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles, this emerging field holds promise for addressing the urgent need for effective antimicrobial materials in various applications. In this comprehensive review, we explore the synthesis methods, properties and applications of these nanocomposite materials, shedding light on their potential role in safeguarding public health and environmental sustainability. The main focus is on PU foams containing metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, but a brief presentation of the progress documented in the last few years regarding other antimicrobial nanomaterials incorporated into such foams is also given within this review in order to obtain a larger image of the possibilities to develop improved PU foams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropogenic activities lead to the issue of new classes of pollutants in the environment that are not currently monitored in environmental studies. This category of pollutants (known as emerging contaminants) includes a very wide range of target substances, such as pharmaceuticals, plant protection products, personal care products, dyes, toxins, microplastics and many other industrially important intermediaries. Together with an increasing demand for clean water (both for agricultural necessities and for the increasing population consumption), the need for the removal of emerging pollutants, simultaneously with the current "green chemistry" approach, opens the door for the industrial application of natural polymers in the area of environmental protection. Recent developments in this area are presented in this paper, as well as the application of these particular natural materials for the removal of other contaminants of interest (such as radioisotopes and nanoparticles). The current knowledge regarding the processes' kinetics is briefly presented, as well as the future development perspectives in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glass ionomer cements (GICs), restorative materials with commercial availability spanning over five decades, are widely applied due to their advantages (including bio-compatibility, fluoride release, or excellent bonding properties). However, GICs have shortcomings. Among the disadvantages limiting the application of GICs, the poor mechanical properties are the most significant. In order to enhance the mechanical or antimicrobial properties of these materials, the addition of nanomaterials represents a viable approach. The present paper aims to review the literature on the application of different types of nanomaterials for the enhancement of GICs' mechanical and antimicrobial properties, which could lead to several clinical benefits, including better physical properties and the prevention of tooth decay. After applying the described methodology, representative articles published in the time period 2011-present were selected and included in the final review, covering the modification of GICs with metallic nanoparticles (Cu, Ag), metallic and metalloid oxide nanoparticles (TiO2, ZnO, MgO, Al2O3, ZrO2, SiO2), apatitic nanomaterials, and other nanomaterials or multi-component nanocomposites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metallic nanoparticles represent an important area of research, as their unique properties can be tuned for the desired application. Several "green" methods were proposed for obtaining metallic nanoparticles, including phytosynthesis (using natural extracts) and radiation-assisted synthesis. The present work studies the differences in terms of biological properties (antimicrobial properties, cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity) of silver nanoparticles obtained using those two very different approaches. The obtained nanoparticles were analytically characterized using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and UV–Vis spectrometry, for the evaluation of their morphological properties, which can be linked to their biological properties. The results showed that the radiation-assisted path led to smaller dimension nanoparticles (7–10 nm), while the phytosynthesis led to nanoparticles with 10–12 nm in diameter (as determined by XRD), depending on the used materials. The phytosynthesized nanoparticles seemed to be more effective antimicrobial agents (effect studied against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231), while those obtained by the radiological path had a stronger mitoinhibitory effect. The growth of the root and of the stem was less affected by the samples containing radiological synthesized nanoparticles. The differences in terms of biological activity observed when modifying the agents used for the reduction of the metallic salt are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leonurus cardiaca L. (motherwort) is a perennial herb, native to Asia and southeastern Europe, with widespread global occurrence in present days. The plant was historically used as cardiotonic and for treating gynaecological afflictions (such as amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, menopausal anxiety, or postpartum depression). Although its use in oriental and occidental medicine is relatively well documented, the recent progress registered raises the need for an update of the Medicines Agency assessment report on Leonurus cardiaca L., herba (2010). The current study presents the progress made within the 2010-2018 timeframe regarding the potential applications and scientific evidences supporting the traditional use of motherwort, in the same time suggesting future research opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inorganic antimicrobial materials can be viable for multiple applications (related to its use for new buildings with special requirements related to microbiological loading, such as hospital buildings and for consolidation of cultural heritage constructions); also the use of substituted hydroxyapatites for protection of stone artefacts against environmental factors (acidic rain) and biodeterioration it’s an option to no longer use of toxic substances. This paper presents methods of synthesis and characterization of the material from the point of view of the obtained structures and final applications. The materials were characterized in terms of composition and morphology (using X-ray Diffraction, X-ray Fluorescence, Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Surface area and pore size determination). Antimicrobial activity was tested against filamentous fungi strains and pathogenic bacteria strains, using both spot on lawn qualitative method (on agar medium) and serial microdilution quantitative method (in broth medium). Further, it was evaluated the anti-biofilm activity of the tested samples toward the most important microbial strains implicated in biofilm development, using crystal violet stained biofilms microtiter assay, followed by spectrophotometric quantitative evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper studies the effect of polyaniline grafting on magnetite functionalized with aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. All the compounds were characterized by analytical techniques (X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, Transmission electron microscopy), as well as by determining their magnetic properties. The electron microscopy analysis of the hybrids shows similar morphologies for all the samples. The presence of the iron atoms on the surface of the final product supports the idea of the existence of an inverted core-shell type structure, the more polar ferrite orienting itself towards water. The correlation between the maximum grafting probability and the maximum magnetization is evidenced, demonstrating the importance of the polymer grafting method on the magnetic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When dealing with cultural heritage artifacts, the use of non-invasive and non-destructive analyses techniques is a must . Determination of the surface corrosion layers and coin composition is important both for identifying compounds that form different alloys (which can be considered support material for important objects, such as numismatic artifacts), and also for their conservation. The selection of analytical techniques is of great importance, as it is a strict condition that the structure of the artifacts should not be affected. The paper presents the archaeometallurgical study of seven silver coins, using several nuclear techniques (X-ray fluorescence – XRF, X-ray diffraction – XRD, Particle induced X-ray emission – PIXE) and optical microscopy. The study was performed using bulk methods and micro-area measurements in order to establish their composition, as well as the presence of corrosion products. This could, in turn, provide information in support of the categorization in genuine/possible forgery. From the analyzed set of samples, six can be surely categorized as genuine, while one raises some questions. A decisive conclusion cannot be drawn for one of the analyzed samples, but the scientific evidences suggest either a misstruck or a forgery approximately contemporary with the original issue of these coins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of metals and alloys greatly contributed to the development of human civilizations; their role in shaping history is recognized by the scientific community even through the denomination of some archaeological periods (Copper Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age). Archaeometallurgy appeared from the application of usually non destructive analytical techniques for the characterization of cultural heritage objects, with emphasis on metal artifacts. This article presents a case study regarding the application of fast and non-destructive methods (energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and metallurgical microscopy) for the characterization of selected numismatic artifacts, thus obtaining information regarding their composition, authenticity, and state of preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Knowing the way amino acids reacts to ionizing radiation is of great importance due to the fact that those results helps to better understanding of the effects of ionizing radiations on proteins, DNA-protein complexes, and others in which amino acids are the base structure. In the present work was study the behavior of aspartic acid (L, D and DL) at irradiation. The ESR spectrums are presented and a mechanism for the radical disappearance is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the European Union support schemes contributes to secure, sustainable and competitively priced energy for Europe, by providing actions to promote new and renewable energy sources. The Programmes tries to tackle non-technological barriers to greater use of new and renewable energy sources, contributing to achieving the objectives of EU energy policy and to implementing the Lisbon Agenda. Promoting renewables in Romania has to consider both the European strategic targets and the Romanian present state and future development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A written page from the Romanian heritage "The Homiliary of Varlaam" was analysed using non-destructive methods; • Surface characteristics and properties were evaluated; • Three types of ink were identified on the analysed sample; • The study reveals the use of mixed recipes, including more than a single pigment for the analysed inks. The multi-analytical study of historical objects is a complex approach, which can help the restorers to recognize the materials, as well as their state of conservation, facilitating the selection of the appropriate method of conservation and/or restoration. This study concentrates the potential use of non-destructive and non-invasive techniques (optical microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, Infrared microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, as well as some methods used to evaluate the general characteristics, such as surface pH and UV photography) in deciphering the long-gone recipes for paper and inks manufacturing from 17th century Transylvania, a multicultural centre of erudition. Beside the information obtained regarding the paper support (surface pH, details regarding the cellulose fibers, as well as potential fillers used for paper manufacturing, and the nature of the stains present on the document), the performed study reveals a very interesting detail regarding the inks used, respectively the use of mixed recipes, including more than a single pigment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to evaluate the potential use of natural wastes (in particular, clam shells) to synthesize one of the most well-known and versatile materials from the phosphate mineral group, hydroxyapatite (HAP). The obtained material was characterized in terms of morphology and composition using several analytical methods (scanning electron microscopy—SEM, X-ray diffraction—XRD, X-ray fluorescence—XRF, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy—FTIR, thermal analysis—TGA, and evaluation of the porosity and specific surface characteristics by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller—BET method) in order to confirm the successful synthesis of the material and to evaluate the presence of potential secondary phases. The developed material was further doped with iron oxide (HAP-Fe) using a microwave-assisted method, and both materials were evaluated in terms of photocatalytic activity determined by the photodecomposition of methylene blue (MB) which served as a contaminant model. The best results (approx. 33% MB degradation efficiency, after 120 min. of exposure) were obtained for the hydroxyapatite material, superior to the HAP-Fe composite (approx. 27%). The utilization of hydroxyapatite obtained from clam shells underscores the importance of sustainable and eco-friendly practices in materials syntheses. By repurposing waste materials from the seafood industry, we not only reduce environmental impact, but also create a valuable resource with diverse applications, contributing to advancements in both healthcare and environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal nanoparticle phytosynthesis has become, in recent decades, one of the most promising alternatives for the development of nanomaterials using "green chemistry" methods. The present work describes, for the first time in the literature, the phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using extracts obtained by two methods using the aerial parts of Marrubium vulgare L. The extracts (obtained by classical temperature extraction and microwave-assisted extraction) were characterized in terms of total phenolics content and by HPLC analysis, while the phytosynthesis process was confirmed using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, the results suggesting that the classical method led to the obtaining of smaller-dimension AgNPs (average diameter under 15 nm by TEM). In terms of biological properties, the study confirmed that AgNPs as well as the M. vulgare crude extracts reduced the viability of human gingival fibroblasts in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with microwave-assisted extracts having the more pronounced effects. Additionally, the study unveiled that AgNPs transiently increased nitric oxide levels which then decreased over time, thus offering valuable insights into their potential therapeutic use and safety profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work aims to study the possibilities of developing silver nanoparticles using natural extracts of grape pomace wastes originating from the native variety of Fetească Neagră 6 Șt. This study focused on investigating the influence of grape pomace extract obtained by two different extraction methods (classical temperature extraction and microwave-assisted extraction) in the phytosynthesis process of metal nanoparticles. The total phenolic content of the extracts was assessed using the spectrophotometric method with the Folin–Ciocâlteu reagent, while the identification and quantification of specific components were conducted through high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), along with assessing their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacteria. The data collected from the experiments indicated that the nanoparticles were formed in a relatively short period of time (96 h) and, for the experimental variant involving the use of a 1:1 ratio (v/v, grape pomace extract: silver nitrate) for the nanoparticle phytosynthesis, the smallest crystallite sizes (from X-ray diffraction—4.58 nm and 5.14 nm) as well as spherical or semispherical nanoparticles with the lowest average diameters were obtained (19.99–23 nm, from TEM analysis). The phytosynthesis process was shown to enhance the antioxidant properties (determined using the DPPH assay) and the antimicrobial potential (tested against Gram-positive strains) of the nanoparticles, as evidenced by comparing their properties with those of the parent extracts; at the same time, the nanoparticles exhibited a selectivity in action, being active against the Staphylococcus aureus strain while presenting no antimicrobial potential against the Enterococcus faecalis strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural compounds obtained from different medicinal and aromatic plants have gained respect as alternative treatments to synthetic drugs, as well as raw materials for different applications (cosmetic, food and feed industries, environment protection, and many others). Based on a literature survey on dedicated databases, the aim of the present work is to be a critical discussion of aspects regarding classical extraction versus modern extraction techniques; possibilities to scale up (advantages and disadvantages of different extraction methods usually applied and the influence of extraction parameters); and different medicinal and aromatic plants' different applications (medical and industrial applications, as well as the potential use in nanotechnology). As nowadays, research studies are directed toward the development of modern, innovative applications of the medicinal and aromatic plants, aspects regarding future perspectives are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as paracetamol, diclofenac, and ibuprofen are frequently encountered in surface and ground water, thereby posing a significant risk to aquatic ecosystems. Our study reports the catalytic performances of nanosystems TiO2-MexOy (Me = Ce, Sn) prepared by the sol-gel method and deposited onto glass slides by a dip-coating approach in the removal of paracetamol from aqueous solutions by catalytic ozonation. The effect of catalyst type and operation parameters on oxidation efficiency was assessed. In addition to improving this process, the present work simplifies it by avoiding the difficult step of catalyst separation. It was found that the thin films were capable of removing all pollutants from target compounds to the oxidation products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The strawberries represent in our days one of the main fresh fruits consumed globally, inevitably leading to large amounts of by-products and wastes. Usually appreciated because of their specific flavor, the strawberries also possess biological properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, or anti-inflammatory effects. In spite of the wide spread of the Fragaria genus, few species represent the subject of the last decade scientific research. The main components identified in the Fragaria species are presented, as well as several biological properties, as emerging from the scientific papers published in the last decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuously growing demand for plant derived therapeutic molecules obtained in a sustainable and eco-friendly manner favors biotechnological production and development of innovative extraction techniques to obtain phytoconstituents. What is more, improving and optimization of alternative techniques for the isolation of high value natural compounds are issues having both social and economic importance. In this critical review, the aspects regarding plant biotechnology and green downstream processing, leading to the production and extraction of increased levels of fine chemicals from both plant cell, tissue, and organ culture or fresh plant materials and the remaining by-products, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Four paper samples from old and rare books were analysed using non- and micro-destructive techniques. • Morphological features suggested different manufacturing techniques. • Analytical methods allowed the elucidation of the paper samples composition. • The obtained results are in good correlation with available historical data and offer he possibility of a composition-provenance correlated data-base. Analytical characterization methods can be used to study historical documents, with the aim to give an exhaustive scenario regarding the used paper, methods of obtaining it in ancient times, offering in the same time information about economic aspects, commerce or culture. In the present study, four samples of paper from Transylvanian old books (late XVIIth–early XIXth centuries) were analysed using surface methods (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - FTIR, X-ray diffraction - XRD, X-ray fluorescence - XRF and colour evaluation), microscopical techniques (optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy - AFM) and thermal analysis. The results, accompanied by the historical study allowed the differentiation between the compositions of papers and the identification of the fillers and manufacturing techniques. The results suggest the possibility of developing a manufactured-paper composition data-base, useful in identification and authentication of old paper samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large amounts of agro-industrial waste are being generated each year, leading to pollution and economic loss. At the same time, these side streams are rich source of active compounds including antioxidants. Recovered compounds can be re-utilized as food additives, functional foods, nutra-/pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals, beauty products, and bio-packaging. Advanced extraction techniques are promising tools to recover target compounds such as antioxidants from agro-industrial side streams. Due to the disadvantages of classical extraction techniques (such as large amounts of solvents, increased time of extraction, large amounts of remaining waste after the extraction procedure, etc.), and advanced techniques emerged, in order to obtain more efficient and sustainable processes. In this review paper aspects regarding different modern extraction techniques related to recovery of antioxidant compounds from wastes generated in different industries and their applications are briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalysis represents the cornerstone of chemistry, since catalytic processes are ubiquitous in almost all chemical processes developed for obtaining consumer goods. Nanocatalysis represents nowadays an innovative approach to obtain better properties for the catalysts: stable activity, good selectivity, easy to recover, and the possibility to be reused. Over the last few years, for the obtaining of new catalysts, classical methods—based on potential hazardous reagents—have been replaced with new methods emerged by replacing those reagents with plant extracts obtained in different conditions. Due to being diversified in morphology and chemical composition, these materials have different properties and applications, representing a promising area of research. In this context, the present review focuses on the metallic nanocatalysts' importance, different methods of synthesis with emphasis to the natural compounds used as support, characterization techniques, parameters involved in tailoring the composition, size and shape of nanoparticles and applications in catalysis. This review presents some examples of green nanocatalysts, grouped considering their nature (mono- and bi-metallic nanoparticles, metallic oxides, sulfides, chlorides, and other complex catalysts). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The medical sector is one of the biggest consumers of single-use materials, and while the insurance of sterile media is non-negotiable, the environmental aspect is a chronic problem. Nanocellulose (NC) is one of the safest and most promising materials that can be used in medical applications due to its valuable properties like biocompatibility and biodegradability, along with its good mechanical properties and high water uptake capacity. However, NC has no bactericidal activity, which is a critical need for the effective prevention of infections in chronic diabetic wound dressing applications. Therefore, in this work, a natural product, propolis extract (PE), was used as an antibacterial agent, in different amounts, together with NC to obtain sponge-like structures (NC/PE). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed well-impregnated cellulose fibers and a more compact structure with the addition of PE. According to the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the samples containing PE underwent thermal degradation before the unmodified NC due to the presence of volatile compounds in the extract. However, the peak degradation temperature in the first derivative thermogravimetric curves was higher for all the sponges containing PE when compared to the unmodified NC. The antibacterial efficacy of the samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, as well as on two clinically resistant isolates. The samples completely inhibited the development of Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was partially inhibited, while Escherichia coli was resistant to the PE action. Considering the physical and biological properties along with the environmental and economic benefits, the development of an NC/PE wound dressing seems promising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polysilsesquioxanes are extensively studied as durable and anti-adherent coatings for medical devices due to their superhydrophobic properties. However, their particular influence on the thermo-mechanical properties and biocompatibility of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based materials obtained by melt compounding is scarce. Herein, a facile and promising method to improve the performances of PLA for biomedical applications via the incorporation of different mass proportions of POSS nanoparticles with allyl-heptaisobutyl (AH-POSS) substituent through a melt-blending technique is proposed. The thermal, morpho-structural, mechanical properties at room (RT) and body temperatures (BT), and in vitro biocompatibility of the developed PLA/AH-POSS nanohybrids were investigated. AH-POSS nanoparticles were found to have simultaneous nucleation and plasticizing effects on the PLA nanohybrids, inducing enhanced thermal resistance and easy control of crystallinity while preserving PLA's biocompatibility. An interesting effect of AH-POSS on the mechanical properties of PLA at body temperature was observed. These results indicate the considerable potential of the PLA/AH-POSS nanohybrids obtained by melt compounding in the fabrication of biomedical devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work describes, for the first time in the literature, the phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Leonurus cardiaca L. extracts. The influence of the extraction method (classical temperature extraction and microwave extraction), as well as of the extract concentration on the characteristics of the nanoparticles, was studied using analytical methods, such as UV-Vis spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Experimental data suggest that use of lower extract concentration leads to smaller dimensions nanoparticles, the same effect using the extract obtained by microwave-assisted extraction. The smallest recorded crystallite sizes (by X-ray diffraction) were under 3 nm. The antioxidant properties (determined by the DPPH assay) and the antimicrobial potential (determined against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains) are enhanced by the phytosynthesis process (as demonstrated by the comparison of the nanoparticles' properties with the parent extracts). The present work could also represent an important step in obtaining nanoparticles with enhanced properties and controlled morphologies, but also offers information on the phytosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles using low extract concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continuous degradation of cultural heritage artifacts (due to different factors, including the rising air pollution, climate change or excessive biological activity, among others) requires the continuous development of protection strategies, technologies and materials. In this regard, polyelectrolytes have offered effective ways to fight against degradation but also to conserve the cultural heritage objects. In this review, we highlight the key developments in the creation and use of polyelectrolytes for the preservation, consolidation and cleaning of the cultural heritage artifacts (with particular focus on stone, metal and artifacts of organic nature, such as paper, leather, wood or textile). The state of the art in this area is presented, as well as future development perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to evaluate the potential uses of hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from Romanian native wild-growing plants. The hydroalcoholic extracts were obtained from the burdock roots and respectively the aerial parts of birdeye speedwell. The extracts were characterised by HPLC (quantifying 13 compounds in the V. persica extract, 6 compounds in the A. lappa extract and confirming the presence of arctiin and arctigenin in the burdock extract). The antioxidant potential of the crude extracts was evaluated using two methods: the DPPH assay (79.91% for speedwell extract, 76.23% for burdock extract) and the phosphomolybdate method (296.5 mg/g ascorbic acid equivalents for burdock, 324.4 mg/g for speedwell). The crude extracts were found to be active against both fungal lines used ( Aspergillus niger and Penicillium hirsutum ), inhibition zones - 17.1 mm and 13.1 mm against P. hirsutum , respectively ca. 22 mm for both extracts against A. niger . The cytogenetic effects (assessed using the Allium cepa assay) revealed a series of chromosomal aberrations and nuclear aberrations induced in the meristematic root cells. The anti-inflammatory effect, estimated in two inflammation experimental models, showed a significant effect, especially for the speedwell extract. The results recommend the evaluated extracts as promising sources of biologically-active compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from the well-known antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles, the goal of this study is to evaluate the influence of two "green" recipes, namely an alcoholic extract of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott and a dispersion of silver nanoparticles phytosynthesized using the extract on grapevine pathogens. The influence of some grapevine parameters (pith/wood rapport, soluble sugars, starch, total sugars, total water content, length of young shoots, number of grapes) in field experiments was also studied. The study was conducted on four clones (Feteasca alba 97 St., Feteasca neagra 6 St., Feteasca regala 72 St., and Cabernet Sauvignon 131 St.) located in vegetation pots inside a greenhouse. For the phytosynthesis of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) we used a scaled-up technology, allowing us to obtain large quantities of nanoparticles-containing solution. The AgNPs analysis by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the synthesis of spherical and quasi-spherical nanoparticles of 17 nm average diameter and 6.72 nm crystallite size. The field experiments registered different responses of the four clones to the treatment, using both the natural extracts and phytosynthesized nanoparticles solution. Both recipes exhibited a protective effect against the Uncinula necator pathogen. For the treatment using phytosynthesized nanoparticles, significant increases in the pith/wood ratio for white wine clones (Feteasca alba 97 St. and Feteasca regala 72 St.) were observed. The biochemical analyses revealed other significant increases of soluble sugars (red wine clones—Feteasca neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon/second year), starch (Feteasca alba and Cabernet Sauvignon in 2021 for both clones), total sugars (Feteasca alba and Feteasca neagra in 2021 for both clones), and of total water content (Feteasca alba and Feteasca neagra in 2021 for both clones), respectively. The applied treatments also led to an increase of young shoots length and grape numbers for all clones as compared to the control (chemical pesticide), which would suggest a potential biostimulant effect of the recipes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With their phytoconstituents acting as reducing and capping agents, natural extracts can be considered a viable alternative for the obtaining of metallic nanoparticles. The properties of phytosynthesized nanoparticles are dependent upon size and morphology, which, in turn, can be tailored by adjusting different parameters of the phytosynthesis process (such as the extracts' composition). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate, for the first time in the literature, the influence of the extraction method and extract concentration on the morphological and biological properties (antioxidant and antibacterial activity) of silver nanoparticles phytosynthesized using Echinacea pupurea L. extracts. The obtained results revealed that the use of the low-concentration Echinacea hydro-alcoholic extract obtained via classical temperature extraction led to the development of nanoparticles with the smallest dimensions (less than 10 nm), compared with the use of extracts obtained with higher concentrations and the extract obtained via the microwave method. The developed nanomaterials exhibited enhanced antioxidant effects (determined via the DPPH assay) and antimicrobial properties (against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans), compared with the parent extracts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stones are ones of the most ancient natural materials exploited by humans, with different uses, from tools to buildings, that have endured over time in better conditions than other objects belonging to cultural heritage. Given the importance of those silent witnesses of our past, as well as our duty to preserve all parts of cultural heritage for future generations, much effort was put into the development of materials for their consolidation, protection, self-cleaning, or restoration. Protection of ancient stone monuments and objects has gained the interest of researchers in the last decades in the field of conservation of cultural heritage. In this respect, the present paper aims to be a critical discussion regarding potential polymeric materials, which can be used in restorative and conservative approaches for stone materials of cultural heritage importance, against physical degradation phenomena. Recent advances in this area are presented, as well as the current bottle-necks and future development perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to develop two types of support materials with a mesoporous structure of mobile crystalline matter (known in the literature as MCM, namely MCM-41 and MCM-48) and to load them with gallic acid. Soft templating methodology was chosen for the preparation of the mesoporous structures—the cylindrical micelles with certain structural characteristics being formed due to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic intermolecular forces which occur between the molecules of the surfactants (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide—CTAB) when a minimal micellar ionic concentration is reached. These mesoporous supports were loaded with gallic acid using three different types of MCM—gallic acid ratios (1:0.41; 1:0.82 and 1:1.21)—and their characterizations by FTIR, SEM, XRD, BET and drug release were performed. It is worth mentioning that the loading was carried out using a vacuum-assisted methodology: the mesoporous materials are firstly kept under vacuum at ~0.1 barr for 30 min followed by the addition of the polyphenol solutions. The concentration of the solutions was adapted such that the final volume covered the wet mesoporous support and—in this case—upon reaching normal atmospheric pressure, the solution was pushed inside the pores, and thus the polyphenols were mainly loaded inside the pores. Based on the SBET data, it can be seen that the specific surface area decreased considerably with the increasing ratio of gallic acid; the specific surface area decreased 3.07 and 4.25 times for MCM-41 and MCM-48, respectively. The sample with the highest polyphenol content was further evaluated from a biological point of view, alone or in association with amoxicillin administration. As expected, the MCM-41 and MCM-48 were not protective against infections—but, due to the loading of the gallic acid, a potentiated inhibition was recorded for the tested gram-negative bacterial strains. Moreover, it is important to mention that these systems can be efficient solutions for the recovery of the gut microbiota after exposure to antibiotics, for instance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as paracetamol, diclofenac, and ibuprofen are frequently encountered in surface and ground water, thereby posing a significant risk to aquatic ecosystems. Our study reports the catalytic performances of nanosystems TiO2-MexOy (Me = Ce, Sn) prepared by the sol-gel method and deposited onto glass slides by a dip-coating approach in the removal of paracetamol from aqueous solutions by catalytic ozonation. The effect of catalyst type and operation parameters on oxidation efficiency was assessed. In addition to improving this process, the present work simplifies it by avoiding the difficult step of catalyst separation. It was found that the thin films were capable of removing all pollutants from target compounds to the oxidation products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural heritage (CH) represents human identity and evidence of the existence and activities that people have left over time. In response to the action of aggressive degrading factors, different materials have been developed and used to protect cultural heritage artifacts. The discovery of optimal materials for this purpose also raises several problems, mainly related to their compatibility with the support material, the most important aspect being that they must preserve their aesthetic characteristics. In this context, the present review paper aims to provide a critical discussion about the possibilities of using different inorganic nanomaterials and recipes for the conservation of cultural heritage objects of organic nature (such as paper, wood, and other support materials). In addition, also are covered different aspect concerning protection mechanisms and application methods as well as future perspectives in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work is focused on thermoanalytical investigations as thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and derivative thermal analysis (DTG), applied for the characterization of some samples collected from archaeological sites (Brasov and Trofeum Traiani) located in different regions of Romania. New informations derived about ceramic technologies concerning raw materials and binding materials (mineralogical components) have been obtained. All these experimental results have been correlated with related techniques as X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and inductively coupled plasma—atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). By progressive heating in static air atmosphere and in the temperature range of 20–800 °C, all investigated materials exhibit three main successive processes, associated with the dehydration and thermo-oxidative degradations. The rate of the first thermooxidative process, temperatures corresponding to the maximum rate of the second thermooxidative process and shrinkage temperature were associated with the damage of the investigated materials due to environmental impact. Heating also affects the contact between the fine-sized clay matrix and mineral clast fragments, appearing in reaction rims, sometimes showing newly formed phases. The temperature at which ancient ceramics and pottery were fired varies over a wide range (600–800 °C) depending on the type of clay used, although firing temperatures not above 30–400 °C have also been suggested. Clay minerals, as the main material for production of ceramics and pottery, show some characteristic reactions (dehydroxylation, decomposition, transformation) in the course of firing (heating effects) and several thermoanalytical criteria can be used for reconstruction of former production conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Archaeological samples have complex compositions consisting in bitumen organic deposit and sometimes, petroleum deposit and natural substances. The materials are usually identified by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (for detecting the functional groups of organic substances) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (for analysis of natural substances such as vegetable resins and oils, bitumen, tar and pitch, and waxes), respectively. For the analyzed samples in this paper, all the hydrocarbons identified confirm that the black substance is a kerogen-type mixture. Moreover, the C16:0 and C18:0 concentrations are indicating that the compounds are native to the patina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the following work we present the elaboration of a mathematical model to determine the adsorption rate of light in a photochemical reactor used for photooxidation of unsaturated fractions C10. Chemical actinometers with potassium ferrioxalate and uranil acetate were used. A correlation between the wavelength of light radiation and the quantum yield of the photooxidation reaction was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current paper is the development of phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles mediated by Raphanus sativus L. extracts obtained through two extraction methods (temperature and microwave) and to test their potential application for controlling apple crops pathogens. The phytosynthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. All the materials were evaluated in terms of antioxidant and in vitro antimicrobial activity (against bacteria, molds, and yeast: Escherichia coli ATCC 8738, Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Venturia inaequalis, Podosphaera leucotricha, Fusarium oxysporum ATCC 48112, Penicillium hirsutum ATCC 52323, and Aspergillus niger ATCC 15475). Considering the results obtained in the in vitro assays, formulations based on nanoparticles phytosynthesized using Raphanus sativus L. waste extracts (RS1N) were evaluated as potential antifungal agents for horticultural crops protection, against Venturia inaequalis and Podosphaera leucotricha through in vivo assays. For the DPPH assay, the inhibition (%) varied between 37.06% (for RS1N at 0.8 mg/mL concentration) and 83.72% (for RS1N at 7.2 mg/mL concentration) compared to 19.97% (for RS2N at 0.8 mg/mL) and only 28.91% (for RS2N at 7.2 mg/mL). Similar results were obtained for RS3N (85.42% inhibition at 7.2 mg/mL) compared with RS4N (21.76% inhibition at 7.2 mg/mL). Regarding the ABTS assay, the highest scavenger activity values were recorded for samples RS1N (91.43% at 1.6 mg/mL) and RS3N (96.62% at 1.6 mg/mL). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four metal substituted hydroxyapatites (HAPs) were prepared and characterized using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. From the evaluation of the potential applications for antimicrobial properties and the photodegradation of methylene blue, it can be concluded that the two applications seem to be competing. Thus, Mn-substituted HAP, which provided the best degradation efficiency for methylene blue from the substituted materials (approximately 88%), has poor antimicrobial potential against most of the studied microbial lines. The Co-substituted HAP showed favorable antimicrobial properties against all the studied lines, including the lowest values for both minimum inhibitory concentration and a minimal concentration for biofilm eradication of 78.1 µg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but exhibited a low degradation efficiency for methylene blue (approximately 42%). This can be explained by the properties of the pure material: pure HAP that showed the highest degradation efficiency of methylene blue (93%) but exhibited no antimicrobial efficiency against the studied lines. Thus, from the performed experiments, a single material cannot be recommended for both applications, but rather a specific material should be employed for each potential use: HAP, Mn- or Sn-substituted HAP for photodegradation, and Co-substituted HAP for antimicrobial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Satureja hortensis L. (summer savory) is an annual herbaceous crop, native to Europe and in our days spread and used all over the world. Although its use as spice and medicinal plant is known since ancient times, peer-reviewed studies presenting the scientific data are scarce. The natural products obtained from summer savory (extracts and essential oil) are dominated by polyphenols and flavonoids, responsible for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, pesticidal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hepatoprotective and anticancer properties, among others. The current study presents the progress made in the last decade regarding the potential applications of summer savory, being the first review study focused on S. hortensis, in the same time suggesting future research opportunities, as they appear from the properties of other Satureja species. The available data presenting the properties of summer savory represents a scientific support for application in industry, for developing "clean label" food products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green nanoparticles are currently thoroughly researched due to the multiple advantages of phytosynthesis, on the one hand, and the potential beneficial or adverse effects, on the other. In this context, our study investigates the potential for the phytosynthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles of the ethanol and methanol extracts from leaves of Aconitum toxicum Rchb., as well as the enhancement of the antioxidant potential and the influence on the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the extracts through the action of the synthesized nanoparticles. The nanoparticles obtained were characterized using analytical techniques as UV–Visible spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, electron microscopy (SEM and STEM). The HPLC analysis of extracts revealed that the methanol extracts contained a higher aconitine level. The alcoholic extracts from leaves of A. toxicum Rchb. exerted mitodepressive effect and the phytomediated synthesis of Ag and Au nanoparticles diminished mitoinhibitory effect of the extracts, dependent on nanoparticles size and type. The mitostimulatory potential of the extracts supplemented with Ag nanoparticles was higher compared with that of the extracts with Au nanoparticles. In general, an influence of the extract composition on both the phytosynthesized nanoparticles and on the evaluated properties was observed, the ethanolic extract leading to gold nanoparticles with smaller dimension, while the silver nanoparticles had similar dimensions for both extracts studied. In the same time, the antioxidant properties of the extracts increased with the phytosynthesis process, a higher increase being observed upon the phytosynthesis of the silver nanoparticles (17% increase for the ethanolic extract and, respectively, 12% for the methanolic extract). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Extracts obtained from different plant species proved to be a valuable tool in various biomedical applications. In the same time, the phytosynthesis of noble metal nanoparticles represents an already well-established route for obtaining nanoparticles with biological activity. The present paper studies the antioxidant activity and the cytogenetic effects of the alcoholic extracts from rhizomes of Aconitum toxicum Rchb., before and after the phytosynthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles, on the meristematic root cells of Allium cepa L., and on the general mitotic index and the progression rate through the mitotic phases, respectively, as well as on the genetic material organized in chromosomes. The extracts were characterized in terms of total polyphenolics content (1.49% and, respectively, 2.29%) and aconitine content (by HPLC – 4.891 mg/L and, respectively, 18.211 mg/L), while the phytosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles was monitored by UV–Vis spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and electron microscopy. Both the extracts and the obtained nanoparticles were evaluated for antioxidant potential (the antioxidant activity ranging between 78% and 84.32%) and cytogenetic effects. The obtained results prove the phytosynthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs with dimensions ranging from 9 nm to 15 nm for AuNPs, respectively from 53 nm to 67 nm for AgNPs. The extracts obtained from rhizomes of A. toxicum Rchb. induced mitotic stress, as well as a series of nuclear and mitotic aberrations. The biosynthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs intensified the antioxidant and mitostimulatory activity of the extracts. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Extracts of A. toxicum were used for metallic nanoparticles phytosysnthesis. • Extracts and nanoparticles were evaluated for antioxidant potential and cytogenetic effects. • Nanoparticles biosynthesis intensified the antioxidant and mitostimulatory activity of the extracts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We focused on preparing cellulose nanofibrils by purification, separation, and mechanical treatment of Kombucha membranes (KM) resulted as secondary product from beverage production by fermentation of tea broth with symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). We purified KM using two alkaline solutions, 1 and 4 M NaOH, which afterwards were subjected to various mechanical treatments. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to evaluate the purification degree, the size and aspect of cellulose fibrils after each treatment step, the physical-chemical properties of intermediary and final product, and for comparison with micro-crystalline cellulose from wooden sources. We determined that 1 M NaOH solution leads to approx. 85% purification, while a higher concentration assures almost 97% impurities removal. XRD analysis evidenced an increase in crystallinity from 37% to 87% after purification, the characteristic diffractograms of Iα and Iβ cellulose allomorphs, and a further decrease in crystallinity to 46% after microfluidization, fact correlated with a drastically decrease in fibrils' size. FTIR analysis evidenced the appearance of new chain ends by specific transmission bands at 2941 and 2843 cm-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While in the early era of nanotechnology, nanoparticles of noble metals were obtained through expensive methods, using toxic chemical reagents, in the last decade attempts are made to obtain the desired chemical composition, size, morphology, and other properties by eco and green synthesis, using plants. The aim of this paper is to compare two extraction methods (hydroalcoholic extraction and microwave extraction) used to phytosynthesize silver nanoparticles, in terms of nanoparticle (NP) morphology, antioxidant, and antifungal action, using an European native plant, Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffm. The extracts and the obtained NPs were characterized by modern analytical techniques (GC–MS, UV–Vis, SEM, TEM) and by phytochemical assays (total flavonoids, total terpenoids and total phenolic content). The antifungal activity (evaluated using the Kirby–Bauer method, against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium hirsutum ) and the antioxidant activity (determined by the DPPH assay and a chemiluminescence assay) revealed notable differences between the samples, differences due to the extraction procedure followed. Also, preliminary studies regarding the stability and the toxicity of the nanoparticles are presented. By using the microwave-assisted extraction, not only smaller particles (less than 10 nm) were obtained, but also with better antifungal and antioxidant properties than the ones obtained by classical extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the need to reduce the impact of the use of chemical fertilizers on the quality of food crop production, it is necessary to develop fertilizer formulations enabling the gradual and controlled release of the active substance, which could be achieved by encapsulation, thereby allowing its almost complete metabolization by plants. The study reported herein was intended to test such fertilizer compositions with controlled release, achieved by encapsulation in polymeric structures, by monitoring the biological activity of the new products, using maize and sunflower crops as the target plants, i.e., crops having a major impact in the agricultural sector. To achieve this objective, solid microstructures were obtained, which allowed, on one hand, the incorporation of the fertilizing composition and, on the other, the controlled release of the active components over a period of time chosen so that advanced absorption in the plants could occur. Based on the presented findings, the tested fertilizers could ensure high quality fertilization in terms of a greater degree of nutrient recovery, lower doses without reducing plant productivity and reduced chemical pollution of soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Noncovalent entities (consisting of liposomes, phyto-nanosilver and carbon nanotubes) with interesting properties were constructed by a “green” bottom-up method. Phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the Mentha piperita extract combines the benefits of this herb with the interesting properties of silver. The obtained silver-based biohybrids showed antioxidant and antimicrobial properties that have been considerable improved in the presence of carbon nanotubes. Thus the eco-designed bioconstructs consisting of cholesterol-containing liposomes, phytonanosilver and carbon nanotubes exhibited high antioxidant activity (AA=90.8%) and have been shown to be strong biocides offering inhibition zone of 25mm against Escherichia coli and 23mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Highlights: [•] Composites based on silver and copper tetraiodomercurates were investigated. [•] Switching properties of thermochromic compounds are modified due to interactions. [•] Interactions between CTAB and thermochromics change the crystalline structure. [•] The hysteresis phenomenon was evidenced for all thermochromic composites. [•] Thermal stability of the compounds was enhanced after embedding in silica hybrids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the present paper was to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the performance of the modified composite based on magnetite (Fe3O4) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The obtained composite was used to degrade Methyl Orange dye from synthetic wastewater by a laboratory photocatalytic reactor. Various parameters of the photodegradation process were tested: composite dosage, amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and pH. The composite was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The degradation experiments indicated that the complete dye decolorization depended on the amount of H2O2. In addition, the H2O2 could accelerate Methyl Orange degradation to more highly oxidized intermediates in the presence of UV light (99.35%). The results suggested that the obtained modified composite could be used to treat wastewater containing various types of dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Magnetite alternating copolymers divinylbenzene–maleic anhydride (DVB–MA) composites were prepared by dispersion polymerization. Because magnetite is used as a complex with oleic acid (Fe3O4OLA), the final hybrids show good dispersion of inorganic nanofillers in the polymer matrix. The obtained composites were analyzed by infrared absorption spectrometry, diffuse reflectance in visible light, thermogravimetry, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The obtained results indicate the successful preparation of magnetite nanoparticles with an average size of about 23nm dispersed in micrometer size copolymer spherical particles, which relative content can be controlled via the processing parameters. A relationship between the relative content of magnetite nanoparticles and the size of the polymer particles, with direct influence on the diffuse reflectance in the visible domain, was observed. A superparamagnetic behavior was evidenced at room temperature with a blocking temperature lower than as expected from the bulk anisotropy constant and the average size of the magnetite nanoparticles. Both the unexpected low blocking temperature and the observed low specific magnetizations were explained by a defected and poor crystalline structure of the magnetite nanoparticles, giving rise to spin disorder and diminished crystalline anisotropy constant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Gamma irradiation represents a method extensively used for the sterilization of natural products, thus leading to the extension of the products' shelf life. However, a limited number of studies presented the effects of irradiation on the biological properties of the extracts. The present work aims to evaluate the effects of gamma irradiation on the biological properties (antimicrobial, cytotoxic and phytotoxic) of two types of hydroalcoholic fern extracts (obtained from leaves of Asplenium scolopendrium L.). The results obtained revealed that the extracts are not negatively affected by the irradiation procedure, the antimicrobial properties being enhanced, especially at a radiation dose of 0.6 kGy. The same observations were made for the cytotoxic and phytotoxic properties. Image 1 • Two types of A. scolopendrium leaves extracts were obtained. • The extracts were subjected to gamma irradiation at different doses. • The effect of irradiation on the extracts' biological properties were evaluated. • According to the obtained results, the irradiation did not negatively affected the extracts' properties: • The results suggested an improvement of the antimicrobial properties at 0.6 kGy doses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]