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The topic of the CVIII session of the Ecole de Physique des Houches, held in July 2017, was Effective Field Theory in Particle Physics and Cosmology. Effective Field Theory (EFT) is a general method for describing quantum systems with multiple length scales in a tractable fashion. It allows to perform precise calculations in established models (such as the Standard Models of particle physics and cosmology), as well as to concisely parametrise possible effects from physics beyond the Standard Models. The goal of this school was to offer a broad introduction to the foundations and modern applications of Effective Field Theory in many of its incarnations. This is all the more important as there are preciously few textbooks covering the subject, none of them in a complete way. In this book, the lecturers present the concepts in a pedagogical way so that readers can adapt some of the latest developments to their own problems. The chapters cover almost all the lectures given at the school and will serve as an introduction to the topic and as a reference manual to students and researchers.

The application of field theoretic techniques to problems in condensed matter physics has generated an array of concepts and mathematical techniques to attack a range of problems such as the theory of quantum phase transitions, the quantum Hall effect, and quantum wires. While concepts such as the renormalization group, topology, and bosonization h

These lectures recount an application of stable homotopy theory to a concrete problem in low energy physics: the classification of special phases of matter. While the joint work of the author and Michael Hopkins is a focal point, a general geometric frame of reference on quantum field theory is emphasized. Early lectures describe the geometric axiom systems introduced by Graeme Segal and Michael Atiyah in the late 1980s, as well as subsequent extensions. This material provides an entry point for mathematicians to delve into quantum field theory. Classification theorems in low dimensions are proved to illustrate the framework. The later lectures turn to more specialized topics in field theory, including the relationship between invertible field theories and stable homotopy theory, extended unitarity, anomalies, and relativistic free fermion systems. The accompanying mathematical explanations touch upon (higher) category theory, duals to the sphere spectrum, equivariant spectra, differential cohomology, and Dirac operators. The outcome of computations made using the Adams spectral sequence is presented and compared to results in the condensed matter literature obtained by very different means. The general perspectives and specific applications fuse into a compelling story at the interface of contemporary mathematics and theoretical physics.

This volume, in honor of Yakov Eliashberg, gives a panorama of some of the most fascinating recent developments in symplectic, contact and gauge theories. It contains research papers aimed at experts, as well as a series of skillfully written surveys accessible for a broad geometrically oriented readership from the graduate level onwards. This collection will serve as an enduring source of information and ideas for those who want to enter this exciting area as well as for experts.

The Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe (KMI) was founded at Nagoya University in 2010 under the directorship of T Maskawa, in celebration of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics for M Kobayashi and T Maskawa, both who are alumni of Nagoya University. In commemoration of the new KMI building in 2011, the KMI Inauguration Conference (KMIIN) was organized to discuss perspectives of various fields — both theoretical and experimental studies of particle physics and astrophysics — as the main objectives of the KMI activity.This proceedings contains a welcome address by T Maskawa conveying his hopes for KMI to create new revolutionary directions in the spirit of Shoichi Sakata, a great mentor of both Maskawa and Kobayashi. Invited speakers, world-leading scientists in the fields, and the young scientists at KMI contributed to this volume containing theoretical studies of strongly coupled gauge theories in view of LHC phenomenology, string theory approach and lattice studies as well as hot/dense QCD system, and also super-symmetric GUT models, etc., together with experimental studies of LHC physics, B physics, neutrino physics and the related astrophysics and cosmology. The volume yields a unique synergy of particle physics and astrophysics, closely related to the main activity of KMI encompassing particle theory (including lattice computer simulations), particle physics experiments, cosmology, and astrophysics observations.

This volume contains the invited lectures and seminars presented at the Banff Summer Institute on Particles and Fields held at the Banff Center in Banff, Canada,from 25 August to 3 September, 1977. The town is situated in the heart of the Canadian Rockies, and the observant reader may notice references in this volume to the bears which roam near the town. The subject matter of the school was recent advances in particle physics and field theory. Lectures were given on such topics as extended objects, lattice gauge theories, quantum chromodynamics and Reggeon field theory. Experimental reviews were given of recent work in charmed particle and neutrino physics. Summaries of the theoretical implications of these experiments were also given. The format of the talks included eight lecture series (of three to four hours each) given by Profs. Abarbanel, Appelquist, Feldman, Gilman,'t Hooft, Jackiw, Mann and Weinstein, seven one-hour seminars given by Profs. Caianiello, Fujii, Johnson, Lam, Phillips, Sherry and Tze, and several short contributed seminars (which do not appear in this volume). There were also small informal seminar groups held at the Center and, we hope, many physics conversations on the hiking trails where most of the participants spent their afternoons. Not included in these proceedings are the banquet speeches by E. Caianiello and S. D. Drell, as well as (for copyright reasons) a seminar by K. Johnson.

We respectfully submit these proceedings of the 1982 Orbis Scientiae for your reading enjoyment. As always, the success of the conference was due to the hard work and wisdom of the moderators and dissertators. This year, in addition to the excellent overview of QCD and GUT, and the customary reports of the latest progress in theoretical and experimental particle physics, there have been discussions of new developments in astrophysics and especially of field theory and composite models. We wish also to note here that the 1981 Orbis paper by Stephen S. Pinsky on'Death of Fractional Topological Charge'was actually co-authored by William F. Palmer of Ohio State University, whose name was inadvertently omitted from the authorship, due to a series of misunderstandings. As in the past, this Orbis Scientiae 1982 was supported on a small scale by the Department of Energy, and this year as well by the National Science Foundation, on the same scale. We would like to thank Mrs. Helga S. Billings for her excellent typing for the n-th time, where n is a large number. This series of proceedings is also enhanced by Linda Scott's editorial help which includes improvements in the presentation of some of the papers.

This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications Metastability and Incompletely Posed Problems represents the proceedings of a workshop which was an integral part of the 19R4-R5 IMA program on CONTINUUM PHYSICS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EOIIATIONS. We are grateful to the Scientific Committee:,I.L. Eri cksen D. Kinderlehrer H. Rrezis C. Dafermos for their dedication and hard work in developing an imaginative, stimulating, and productive year-long program. George R. Sell Hans Weinberger Preface Most equilibrium events in nature do not realize configurations of minimum energy. They are only metastable. Available knowledge of constitutive relations and environmental interactions may be limiterl. As a result, many configurations may he compatible with the rlata. Such questions are incompletely poserl. The papers in this volume address a wide variety of these issues as they are perceived by the material scientist and the mathematician. They represent a portion of the significant activity which has been underway in recent years, from the experimental arena and physical theory to the analysis of differential equations and computation.

There is no doubt that we have, during the last decade, moved into a'golden age'of condensed matter science. The sequence of discoveries of novel new states of matter and their rapid assimilation into experimental and theoretical research, as well as devices, has been remarkable. To name but a few: spin glasses; incommensurate, fractal, quasicrystal structures; synthetic metals; quantum well fabrication; fractional quantum Hall effect: solid state chaos; heavy fermions; and most spectacularly high-temperature superconductivity. This rapid evolution has been marked by the need to address the reality of materials in'extreme'conditions - - disordered, nonlinear systems in reduced dimensions, restricted geometries and at mesoscopic scales, often with striking competitions between several length and frequency scales, and between strong electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions. In such new territory it is not surprising that very interdisciplinary approaches are being explored and traditional boundaries between subjects and disciplines re-defined. In theory, this is evident, for instance, in attempts: (1) to advance the state of the art for elec­ tronic structure calculations so as to handle strongly interacting many-body systems and delicate competitions for collective ground states (spin models or many-electron Hamiltoni­ ans, field theory, band structure, quantum chemistry and numerical approaches); or (2) to understand pattern formation and complex (including chaotic) dynamics in extended sys­ tems. This demands close involvement with applied mathematics, numerical simulations and statistical mechanics techniques.

The Advanced Study Institute on Field Theoretical Methods in Particle Physics was held at the Universitat Kaiserslautern in Kaiserslautern, Germany, from August 13 to August 24, 1979. Twenty invited lectures and seminar-speakers and 100 other participants attended this Institute. The contributions of most of the lecturers and seminar-speakers are contained in this volume. The revival of field theory in elementary particle physics that started about ten years ago has influenced all branches of elementary particle physics from fundamental research to pure phenomenology. The selection of field theoretical methods in part­ icle physics appropriate for the Institute is therefore the first task for the organizers. We decided to have constructive problems of gauge field theories and solvable models as two major areas to be covered during the Institute. If one considers the concepts and terminology currently used by pure field theorists, one notices that many of them were introduced and discussed first by pheno­ menologists in comparing quite elementary models directly with experimental data. For this reason, it seemed worthwhile to re­ serve considerable time to phenomenological field theory. The Institute was sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization whose funds made the Institute possible. It was co­ sponsored by the Bundes-Ministerium fur Forschung und Technologie in Bonn and the Landes-Ministerium fUr Kultus in Mainz. The City of Kaiserslautern made the Theodor Zink Museum avail­ able for a reception. Thanks are due in particular to its director, Dr. Dunkel.

The Super Field Theory Workshop, held at Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada July 25 - August 5, 1986 was originally intended to be a sequel to the 1983 Chalk River Workshop on Kaluza-Klein Theories and the 1985 Workshop on Quantum Field Theories held at the University of Western Ontario. The scope of the workshop was therefore not to be very big, with a program of about 20 papers, an anticipated 30 to 45 participants, and with much time scheduled for discussion and personal contact. These goals were soon changed in the face of wide interest in the workshop, both for participation and for giving talks, so that the workshop materialized with about 90 participants and 40 talks. This volume contains the texts, some considerably expanded from the oral version, of most of the talks pre­ sented at the workshop. Not included are a few talks whose manuscripts were not made available to the editors. In the last few years the subject of particle physics and unified field theory has developed in a way not witnessed in the last fifty years: a confluence with mathematics, especially in geometry, topology and algebra at an advanced level. This has vastly expanded the horizon of the disci­ pline and heightened the expectation that a true understanding of the fun­ damental laws of physics may soon be within reach. Most aspects of this new development are covered, many in pedagogical detail, by articles in this volume.

A meeting was held at the Physics Centre in Bad Honnef from Feb. 16-20, 1987 on the subject'The Fundamental Interaction: Geometrical Trends'. This meeting was in the series of Physics Schools organized by the German Physical Society. The participants were mainly younger scientists and graduate students: physicists, mathematicians and astronomers from the Federal Republic of Germany; there were also participants from Austria, the Netherlands and Switzerland. The purpose of the meeting was to introduce the participants to modern methods of mathematics and field theory which are increasingly being used in current elementary particle research. An outstanding feature of the school was the fact that each lecturer really made an effort to present his material at an introductory level, which could be followed by people with the usual degree level qualifications and which, nevertheless, then led up to the level of contemporary specialized literature. We hope that the published volume will make these lectures, which taken together give a unified overview of the recent developments leading up to the current world-view in modern theoretical physics, available to a wider audience. We wish to thank the lecturers, who besides the formal lectures devoted their time to discussions with the participants throughout the duration of the School. We are also grateful to the staff of the Physics Centre for their organizational assistance, and to the participants, whose active interest made the meeting a success. The entire manuscript was efficiently typed by Manfred Krafczyk at the University of Dortmund.

Proceedings of the Summer Advanced Study Institute held at Graz, Austria, August 4-15, 1975

Classical field theory has undergone a renaissance in recent years. Symplectic techniques have yielded deep insights into its foundations, as has an improved understanding of the variational calculus. Further impetus for the study of classical fields has come from other areas, such as integrable systems, Poisson geometry, global analysis, and quantum theory. This book contains the proceedings of the AMS–IMS–SIAM Joint Summer Research Conference on Mathematical Aspects of Classical Field Theory, held in July 1991 at the University of Washington at Seattle. The conference brought together researchers in many of the main areas of classical field theory to present the latest ideas and results. The volume contains thirty refereed papers, both survey and research articles, and is designed to reflect the state of the art as well as chart the future course of the subject. The topics fall into four major categories: global analysis and relativity (cosmic censorship, initial value problem, quantum gravity), geometric methods (symplectic and Poisson structures, momentum mappings, Dirac constraint theory), BRST theory, and the calculus of variations (the variational bicomplex, higher order theories). Also included are related topics with a “classical basis”, such as geometric quantization, integrable systems, symmetries, deformation theory, and geometric mechanics.

This unique volume, resulting from a conference at the Chern Institute of Mathematics dedicated to the memory of Xiao-Song Lin, presents a broad connection between topology and physics as exemplified by the relationship between low-dimensional topology and quantum field theory.The volume includes works on picture (2+1)-TQFTs and their applications to quantum computing, Berry phase and Yang-Baxterization of the braid relation, finite type invariant of knots, categorification and Khovanov homology, Gromov-Witten type invariants, twisted Alexander polynomials, Faddeev knots, generalized Ricci flow, Calabi-Yau problems for CR manifolds, Milnor's conjecture on volume of simplexes, Heegaard genera of 3-manifolds, and the (A,B)-slice problem. It also includes five unpublished papers of Xiao-Song Lin and various speeches related to the memorial conference.

This book contains write-ups of lectures from a summer school for advanced graduate students in elementary particle physics. In the first lecture, Scott Willenbrock gives an overview of the standard model of particle physics. This is followed by reviews of specific areas of standard model physics: precision electroweak analysis by James Wells, quantum chromodynamics and jets by George Sterman, and heavy quark effective field by Matthias Neubert. Developments in neutrino physics are discussed by André de Gouvea and the theory behind the Higgs boson is addressed by Laura Reina. Collider phenomenology from both experimental and theoretical perspectives are highlighted by Heidi Schellman and Tao Han. A brief survey of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking is provided by R Sekhar Chivukula and Elizabeth H Simmons. Martin Schmaltz covers the recent proposals for “little” Higgs theories. Markus Luty describes what is needed to make supersymmetric theories realistic by breaking supersymmetry. There is an entire series of lectures by Raman Sundrum, Graham Kribs, and Csaba Csáki on extra dimensions. Finally, Keith Olive completes the book with a review of astrophysics.

The symposium held in honour of the 60th birthday of Graeme Segal brought together leading physicists and mathematicians. Its topics were centred around string theory, M-theory, and quantum gravity on the one hand, and K-theory, elliptic cohomology, quantum cohomology and string topology on the other. Geometry and quantum physics developed in parallel since the recognition of the central role of non-abelian gauge theory in elementary particle physics in the late seventies and the emerging study of super-symmetry and string theory. With its selection of survey and research articles these proceedings fulfil the dual role of reporting on developments in the field and defining directions for future research. For the first time Graeme Segal's manuscript'The definition of Conformal Field Theory'is published, which has been greatly influential over more than ten years. An introduction by the author puts it into the present context.

This volume presents the important recent progress in both theoretical and phenomenological issues of strong coupling gauge theories, with/without supersymmetry and extra dimensions, etc. Emphasis is placed on dynamical symmetry breaking with large anomalous dimensions governed by the dynamics near the nontrivial fixed point. Also presented are recent developments of the corresponding effective field theories, such as those including light spectra other than the Nambu-Goldstone particles.This book is a must for all those who are interested in dynamical symmetry breaking and effective field theories in a modern version.

The Jorge André Swieca Summer School is a traditional school in Latin America well known for the high level of its courses and lecturers. This book contains lectures on forefront areas of high energy physics, such as collider physics, neutrino phenomenology, noncommutative field theory, string theory and branes.

Both mathematics and mathematical physics have many active areas of research where the interplay between geometry and quantum field theory has proved extremely fruitful. Duality, gauge field theory, geometric quantization, Seiberg-Witten theory, spectral properties and families of Dirac operators, and the geometry of loop groups offer some striking recent examples of modern topics which stand on the borderline between geometry and analysis on the one hand and quantum field theory on the other, where the physicist's and the mathematician's perspective complement each other, leading to new mathematical and physical concepts and results.This volume introduces the reader to some basic mathematical and physical tools and methods required to follow the recent developments in some active areas of mathematical physics, including duality, gauge field theory, geometric quantization, Seiberg-Witten theory, spectral properties and families of Dirac operators, and the geometry of loop groups. It comprises seven self-contained lectures, which should progressively give the reader a precise idea of some of the techniques used in these areas, as well as a few short communications presented by young participants at the school.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the X Jorge André Swieca Summer School — Particles and Fields. It includes topics on non-commutative geometry, constructive quantum field theory and duality in quantum field theory, as well as various subjects in high energy physics and phenomenology.

The aim of this international symposium was to bring together active scientists from Central, East and West Europe working in the field of physics of continua. So 9 invited and 27 contributed lectures were delivered, and 16 posters were presented from scientists of 12 European countries. The covered fields of the symposium were thermomechanics including thermoviscoplasticity and magnetoplasticity, nonlinear and hyperbolic heat conduction processes, two-phase flow, biomechanics and mesoscopic continuum mechanics. A final discussion on the terminology of continuum physics brought closer together the different theoretical methods used in the various fields.

The method of effective field theory (EFT) is ideally suited to deal with physical systems containing separate energy scales. Applied to low energy hadronic phenomena it provides a framework for systematically describing nuclear systems in a way consistent with quantum chromodynamics, the underlying theory of strong interactions. Because EFT offers the possibility of a unified description of all low energy processes involving nucleons, it has the potential to become the foundation of conventional nuclear physics.Much progress has been made recently in this field: a number of observables in the two-nucleon sector were computed and compared to experiment, issues related to the extension of the EFT program to the three-nucleon sector were clarified, and the convergence of the low energy expansion was critically examined. This book contains the proceedings of the Workshop on'Nuclear Physics with Effective Field Theory II', where these and other developments were discussed.

In this volume recent developments in the nonperturbative aspects of string theory, duality in N = 1 string compactifications, orientifolds and F-theory as well as the matrix model description of M-theory are reported. The D-brane approach to black holes and their entropy is also discussed.The phenomenological part is devoted to the main fields of present-day astroparticle physics: supersymmetry, neutrino physics and cosmology. The two most important aspects of supersymmetry are covered: Searches for superpartners (G Kane) and mechanisms of supersymmetry breaking (G Dvali).Results from recent neutrino experiments and their implications are presented (S Pakvasa). The central issues of modern cosmology such as inflation (R Brandenberger), formation of topological defects (T Vachaspati) and dark matter (M Kamionkowski) are discussed.

This volume gives an up-to-date account of the major activities in the general area of string theory. String phenomenology, mirror symmetry, duality black hole physics, topological and conformal field theory, 2D gravity and QCD related developments are reviewed in detail.

This School presented topics of current interest in high energy physics including Superstrings, Unified Theories and Cosmology.

Contents:Classical Structures in the Electroweak Theory (J Baacke)The Anomalous Effective Action of QCD (J Bijnens)Nonlocal Effective Field Theory (H Georgi)ππ and πK Scattering in Chiral Perturbation Theory (N Kaiser)The Generalized Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Mechanism and the Standard Model (J Kuti)Restoration of Chiral Symmetry (H Leutwyler)Photo-Nucleon Processes in Chiral Perturbation Theory (U-G Meiβner)The Confinement and Localization of Quarks (J Polonyi)Effective Lagrangians and the Proton Matrix Element of the Axial Singlet Current (J Schechter et al.)Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory (E Jenkins & A V Manohar)Light Quark Masses Beyond Leading Order (D Wyler)Top Quark Condensate (K Yamawaki)and other papersReadership: High energy physicists.

This book is dedicated to Prof H Miyazawa in commemoration of his 60th birthday. He is an outstanding particle physicist who gave an original idea on nuclear magnetic moments and has led the frontier of particle physics. Here is a historical survey featuring the stress on phenomenologies in particle physics. It should be of interest to experimental physicists also.

This book is one of the most important reference books in Field Theory with permanent value. To enable wider access by students, researchers and libraries of developing countries, this valuable volume has been reprinted and is sold at a much lower price than before.

This proceedings contains the talks delivered at the plenary and parallel sessions. Topics covered include e⁺e⁻ Physics at Z0, String Theory and Theory of Extended Objects, High Energy pp Physics, Non-Accelerator Particle Physics, Conformal Field Theory, e⁺e⁻ Physics below Z⁰, Structure Functions and Deep Inelastic Scattering, Neutrino Physics, Recent Developments in 2-Dimensional Gravity, Lattice Gauge Theory and Computer Simulations, CP Violation, Accelerator Physics, Cosmology and Particle Physics, Interface Between Particle and Condensed Matter Physics, Detector R&D, and Astroparticle Physics.

This book is principally concerned with the relatively complex small molecules produced by plants, which are important as drugs, fine chemicals, fragrances, flavours and biologically-active dietary constituents. In a wide-ranging series of thematic essays, it covers key aspects of their role in plant ecology, their metabolism in the plant, their discovery, characterisation and use and their significance in the diet. Biotechnology, including prospects for the genetic engineering of metabolic pathways, for biotransformations and also for the production of biologically-active proteins, is the focus of the final section of the book. The overall aim of the volume is to provide, in each of the selected subject areas, a personal critique which is readily accessible to the advanced undergraduate student and to the non-specialist research worker alike.

These proceedings contain the lecture notes of the topics covered during the Summer School as well as the contributions from the Workshop. The first week saw discussions on the phenomenological aspects of particle physics, aspects of CP violation, the implications of precision electroweak experiments, new developments of perturbative QCD, physics beyond the standard model, and the implications of the minimal supersymmetric model and its string motivation. The second week of the School was dedicated to more formal aspects of particle physics including quantum groups and quantum spaces, calculations of loops and anomalies using supersymmetric path integrals, a new description of superstrings, integrable models and a review on the quantum mechanics of black holes.

Integrability and Quantization

Main themes are complete integrability, bi-Hamiltonian structures, hierarchies, impact on string theory, links with quantum groups, random perturbations of deterministic dynamics and the onset of stochasticity/chaos/ in case of particle motion, and the relation between randomness and quantisation.

This textbook systematically presents fundamental methods of statistical analysis: from probability and statistical distributions, through basic concepts of statistical inference, to a collection of methods of analysis useful for scientific research. It is rich in tables, diagrams, and examples, in addition to theoretical justification of the methods of analysis introduced. Each chapter has a section entitled “Exercises and Problems” to accompany the text. There are altogether about 300 exercises and problems, answers to the selected problems are given. A section entitled “Proof of the Results in This Chapter” in each chapter provides interested readers with material for further study.

The past year has witnessed truly remarkable developments in our understanding of string theory. Fields, Strings and Duality — TASI 96 is an invaluable collection of review papers on the subject, contributed by the most prominent researchers in the field. This volume is a scientific treasure for graduate students, researchers and all others who are interested in the progress of theoretical physics.

This proceedings volume aims to expose graduate students to the basic ideas of field theory and statistical mechanics and to give them an understanding and appreciation of current topical research.

This book contains the proceedings of the IXth Jorge André Swieca Summer School — Particles and Fields — held at Campos do Jordao in February 1997.It surveys some of the most interesting research topics in theoretical physics, like duality theory, quantum field theory in curved space-time, supersymmetry and the standard model, differential geometry and its applications in physics and cosmic ray physics.