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1. Room temperature magnetic phase transition in an electrically-tuned van der Waals ferromagnet

Author

Tan, Cheng, Liao, Ji-Hai, Zheng, Guolin, Algarni, Meri, Lin, Jia-Yi, Ma, Xiang, Mayes, Edwin L. H., Field, Matthew R., Albarakati, Sultan, Panahandeh-Fard, Majid, Alzahrani, Saleh, Wang, Guopeng, Yang, Yuanjun, Culcer, Dimitrie, Partridge, James, Tian, Mingliang, Xiang, Bin, Zhao, Yu-Jun, and Wang, Lan

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Finding tunable van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnets that operate at above room temperature is an important research focus in physics and materials science. Most vdW magnets are only intrinsically magnetic far below room temperature and magnetism with square-shaped hysteresis at room-temperature has yet to be observed. Here, we report magnetism in a quasi-2D magnet Cr1.2Te2 observed at room temperature (290 K). This magnetism was tuned via a protonic gate with an electron doping concentration up to 3.8 * 10^21 cm^-3. We observed non-monotonic evolutions in both coercivity and anomalous Hall resistivity. Under increased electron doping, the coercivities and anomalous Hall effects (AHEs) vanished, indicating a doping-induced magnetic phase transition. This occurred up to room temperature. DFT calculations showed the formation of an antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase caused by the intercalation of protons which induced significant electron doping in the Cr1.2Te2. The tunability of the magnetic properties and phase in room temperature magnetic vdW Cr1.2Te2 is a significant step towards practical spintronic devices., Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
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2. PRAME induces genomic instability in uveal melanoma

Author

Kurtenbach, Stefan, Sanchez, Margaret I., Kuznetsoff, Jeffim, Rodriguez, Daniel A., Weich, Natalia, Dollar, James J., Cruz, Anthony, Kurtenbach, Sarah, Field, Matthew G., Durante, Michael A., Decatur, Christina, Sorouri, Mahsa, Lai, Fan, Yenisehirli, Gulum, Fang, Bin, Shiekhattar, Ramin, Pelaez, Daniel, Correa, Zelia M., Verdun, Ramiro E., and Harbour, J. William

Published
2024
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3. Distributed learning optimisation of Cox models can leak patient data: Risks and solutions

Author

Brink, Carsten, Hansen, Christian Rønn, Field, Matthew, Price, Gareth, Thwaites, David, Sarup, Nis, Bernchou, Uffe, and Holloway, Lois

Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Medical data are often highly sensitive, and frequently there are missing data. Due to the data's sensitive nature, there is an interest in creating modelling methods where the data are kept in each local centre to preserve their privacy, but yet the model can be trained on and learn from data across multiple centres. Such an approach might be distributed machine learning (federated learning, collaborative learning) in which a model is iteratively calculated based on aggregated local model information from each centre. However, even though no specific data are leaving the centre, there is a potential risk that the exchanged information is sufficient to reconstruct all or part of the patient data, which would hamper the safety-protecting rationale idea of distributed learning. This paper demonstrates that the optimisation of a Cox survival model can lead to patient data leakage. Following this, we suggest a way to optimise and validate a Cox model that avoids these problems in a secure way. The feasibility of the suggested method is demonstrated in a provided Matlab code that also includes methods for handling missing data., Comment: 51 pages, 8 figures

Published
2022

8. TCF4 trinucleotide repeat expansions and UV irradiation increase susceptibility to ferroptosis in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy

Author

Saha, Sanjib, Skeie, Jessica M., Schmidt, Gregory A., Eggleston, Tim, Shevalye, Hanna, Sales, Christopher S., Phruttiwanichakun, Pornpoj, Dusane, Apurva, Field, Matthew G., Rinkoski, Tommy A., Fautsch, Michael P., Baratz, Keith H., Roy, Madhuparna, Jun, Albert S., Pendleton, Chandler, Salem, Aliasger K., and Greiner, Mark A.

Published
2024
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15. Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe3GeTe2/graphite/Fe3GeTe2 tri-layer heterostructures

Author

Albarakati, Sultan, Tan, Cheng, Chen, Zhong-Jia, Partridge, James G., Zheng, Guolin, Farrar, Lawrence, Mayes, Edwin L. H., Field, Matthew R., Lee, Changgu, Wang, Yihao, Xiong, Yiming, Tian, Mingliang, Xiang, Feixiang, Hamilton, Alex R., Tretiakov, Oleg A., Culcer, Dimitrie, Zhao, Yu-Jun, and Wang, Lan

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnetic materials are rapidly establishing themselves as effective building blocks for next generation spintronic devices. When layered with non-magnetic vdW materials, such as graphene and/or topological insulators, vdW heterostructures can be assembled (with no requirement for lattice matching) to provide otherwise unattainable device structures and functionalities. We report a hitherto rarely seen antisymmetric magnetoresistance (MR) effect in van der Waals heterostructured Fe3GeTe2/graphite/Fe3GeTe2 devices. Unlike conventional giant magnetoresistance (GMR) which is characterized by two resistance states, the MR in these vdW heterostructures features distinct high, intermediate and low resistance states. This unique characteristic is suggestive of underlying physical mechanisms that differ from those observed before. After theoretical calculations, the three resistance behavior was attributed to a spin momentum locking induced spin polarized current at the graphite/FGT interface. Our work reveals that ferromagnetic heterostructures assembled from vdW materials can exhibit substantially different properties to those exhibited by similar heterostructures grown in vacuum. Hence, it highlights the potential for new physics and new spintronic applications to be discovered using vdW heterostructures., Comment: 35 pages (Accepted by Science Advances)

Published
2019
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16. Hard magnetic properties in nanoflake van der Waals Fe3GeTe2

Author

Tan, Cheng, Lee, Jinhwan, Jung, Soon-Gil, Park, Tuson, Albarakati, Sultan, Partridge, James, Field, Matthew R., McCulloch, Dougal G., Wang, Lan, and Lee, Changgu

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Two dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials have demonstrated fascinating optical, electrical and thickness-dependent characteristics. These have been explored by numerous authors but reports on magnetic properties and spintronic applications of 2D vdW materials are scarce by comparison. By performing anomalous Hall effect transport measurements, we have characterised the thickness dependent magnetic properties of single crystalline vdW Fe3GeTe2. The nanoflakes of this vdW metallic material exhibit a single hard magnetic phase with a near square-shaped magnetic loop, large coercivity (up to 550 mT at 2 K), a Curie temperature near 200 K and strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Using criticality analysis, we confirmed the existence of magnetic coupling between vdW atomic layers and obtained an estimated coupling length of ~ 5 vdW layers in Fe3GeTe2. Furthermore, the hard magnetic behaviour of Fe3GeTe2 can be well described by a proposed model. The magnetic properties of Fe3GeTe2 highlight its potential for integration into vdW magnetic heterostructures, paving the way for spintronic research and applications based on these devices., Comment: Accepted by Nature Communications

Published
2018
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21. Radiotherapy protocol compliance in routine clinical practice for patients with stages I–III non‐small‐cell lung cancer.

Author

Huang, Xiaoshui, Field, Matthew, Vinod, Shalini, Ball, Helen, Batumalai, Vikneswary, Keall, Paul, and Holloway, Lois

Subjects
*EXTERNAL beam radiotherapy, *PHYSICIAN practice patterns, *LUNG tumors, *LUNG cancer, *SURVIVAL rate, *SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry)
Abstract

Introduction: Despite the availability of radiotherapy treatment protocols for lung cancer, considerable treatment variation occurs in clinical practice. This study assessed compliance with a radiotherapy protocol for the treatment of patients with stages I–III non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in routine clinical practice and to identify factors that were associated with compliance. Methods: The Cancer Institute New South Wales eviQ treatment protocol for external beam radiotherapy of stages I–III NSCLC was taken as the reference to measure compliance. All inoperable patients with stages I–III NSCLC and documented ECOG performance status treated with radiotherapy between 2007 and 2019 at two radiotherapy facilities were available for analysis. Protocol compliance rates were calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models with 23 input factors were used to determine factors significantly associated with compliance. Survival analysis was conducted for both compliant and non‐compliant treatments. Results: Overall, 656 patients met the inclusion criteria. Protocol compliance was 16%. Alternative dose/fractionation was responsible for 49% of non‐compliant treatments with 30% receiving an alternative curative fractionation. Five of 23 factors (age at the start of radiotherapy, stage group, ECOG performance status, tumour location and alcoholism history) showed significant associations with protocol compliance on multivariate analysis. There was no significant difference in median survival between patients receiving protocol compliant treatment (15.1 months) and non‐compliant treatment (15.6 months). Conclusion: Adherence to the eviQ curative radiotherapy protocol for stages I–III NSCLC was low. Alternative dose/fractionation schemes were the main reason for non‐compliance. Protocol compliance was not associated with outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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23. Deletions in VANGL1 are a risk factor for antibody-mediated kidney disease

Author

Jiang, Simon H., Mercan, Sevcan, Papa, Ilenia, Moldovan, Max, Walters, Giles D., Koina, Mark, Fadia, Mitali, Stanley, Maurice, Lea-Henry, Tom, Cook, Amelia, Ellyard, Julia, McMorran, Brendan, Sundaram, Madhivanan, Thomson, Russell, Canete, Pablo F., Hoy, Wendy, Hutton, Holly, Srivastava, Monika, McKeon, Kathryn, de la Rúa Figueroa, Iñigo, Cervera, Ricard, Faria, Raquel, D’Alfonso, Sandra, Gatto, Mariele, Athanasopoulos, Vicki, Field, Matthew, Mathews, John, Cho, Eun, Andrews, Thomas D., Kitching, A. Richard, Cook, Matthew C., Riquelme, Marta Alarcon, Bahlo, Melanie, and Vinuesa, Carola G.

Published
2021
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24. Genomic epidemiology of Plasmodium knowlesi reveals putative genetic drivers of adaptation in Malaysia.

Author

Westaway, Jacob, primary, Diez Benavente, Ernest, additional, Auburn, Sarah, additional, Kucharski, Michal, additional, Aranciaga, Nicolas, additional, Nayak, Sourav, additional, William, Timothy, additional, Rajahram, Giri S, additional, Piera, Kim A, additional, Braima, Kamil, additional, Tan, Angelica F, additional, Alaza, Danshy, additional, Barber, Bridget E, additional, Drakeley, Chris, additional, Amato, Roberto, additional, Sutanto, Edwin, additional, Trimarsanto, Hidayat, additional, Anstey, Nicholas M, additional, Bozdech, Zbynek, additional, Field, Matthew, additional, and Grigg, Matthew J, additional

Published
2024
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25. Expanded T cell clones with lymphoma driver somatic mutations in refractory celiac disease

Author

Singh, Mandeep, primary, Louie, Raymond HY, additional, Samir, Jerome, additional, Field, Matthew, additional, Milthorpe, Claire Milthorpe, additional, Adikari, Thiruni, additional, Mackie, Joseph, additional, Roper, Ellise, additional, Faulks, Megan, additional, Jackson, Katherine JL, additional, Calcino, Andrew, additional, Hardy, Melinda Y, additional, Blombery, Piers, additional, Amos, Timothy G, additional, Deveson, Ira W, additional, Read, Scott A, additional, Shek, Dmitry, additional, Guerin, Antoine, additional, Ma, Cindy S, additional, Tangye, Stuart G, additional, Di Sabatino, Antonio, additional, Lenti, Marco, additional, Pasini, Alessandra, additional, Ciccocioppo, Rachele, additional, Ahlenstiel, Golo, additional, Suan, Dan, additional, Tye-Din, Jason A, additional, Goodnow, Christopher C, additional, and Luciani, Fabio, additional

Published
2024
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30. Proteomic mapping of p53 immunogenicity in pancreatic, ovarian, and breast cancers

Author

Katchman, Benjamin A, Barderas, Rodrigo, Alam, Rizwan, Chowell, Diego, Field, Matthew S, Esserman, Laura J, Wallstrom, Garrick, LaBaer, Joshua, Cramer, Daniel W, Hollingsworth, Michael A, and Anderson, Karen S

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Immunology, Pancreatic Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Autoimmune Disease, Biotechnology, Rare Diseases, Breast Cancer, Digestive Diseases, Aetiology, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Antibody Specificity, Autoantibodies, Breast Neoplasms, Epitopes, Female, Humans, Mutation, Ovarian Neoplasms, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Proteomics, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Antibody mapping, Autoantibody, p53, Protein array, Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
Abstract

PurposeMutations in TP53 induce autoantibody immune responses in a subset of cancer patients, which have been proposed as biomarkers for early detection. Here, we investigate the association of p53-specific autoantibodies with multiple tumor subtypes and determine the association with p53 mutation status and epitope specificity.Experimental designIgG p53 autoantibodies (p53-AAb), were quantified in 412 serum samples using a programmable ELISA assay from patients with serous ovarian, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and breast cancer. To determine if patients generated mutation-specific autoantibodies we designed a panel of the most relevant 51 p53 point mutant proteins, to be displayed on custom programmable protein microarrays. To determine the epitope specificity we displayed 12 overlapping tiling fragments and 38 N- and C-terminal deletions spanning the length of the wild-type p53 protein.ResultsWe detected p53-AAb with sensitivities of 58.8% (ovarian), 22% (pancreatic), 32% (triple negative breast cancer), and 10.2% (HER2+ breast cancer) at 94% specificity. Sera with p53-AAb contained broadly reactive autoantibodies to 51 displayed p53 mutant proteins, demonstrating a polyclonal response to common epitopes. All p53-AAb displayed broad polyclonal immune response to both continuous and discontinuous epitopes at the N- and C-terminus as well as the DNA-binding domain.Conclusion and clinical relevanceIn this comprehensive analysis, mutations in tumor p53 induce strong, polyclonal autoantibodies with broadly reactive epitope specificity.

Published
2016

32. PRAME induces genomic instability in uveal melanoma

Author

Kurtenbach, Stefan, primary, Sanchez, Margaret I., additional, Kuznetsoff, Jeffim, additional, Rodriguez, Daniel A., additional, Weich, Natalia, additional, Dollar, James J., additional, Cruz, Anthony, additional, Kurtenbach, Sarah, additional, Field, Matthew G., additional, Durante, Michael A., additional, Decatur, Christina, additional, Sorouri, Mahsa, additional, Lai, Fan, additional, Yenisehirli, Gulum, additional, Fang, Bin, additional, Shiekhattar, Ramin, additional, Pelaez, Daniel, additional, Correa, Zelia M., additional, Verdun, Ramiro E., additional, and Harbour, J. William, additional

Published
2023
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34. Correlation of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Visual Fields in Glaucoma: A Broken Stick Model

Author

Alasil, Tarek, Wang, Kaidi, Yu, Fei, Field, Matthew G, Lee, Hang, Baniasadi, Neda, de Boer, Johannes F, Coleman, Anne L, and Chen, Teresa C

Subjects
Aging, Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision, Clinical Research, Neurodegenerative, Neurosciences, Eye, Aged, Algorithms, Cross-Sectional Studies, Exfoliation Syndrome, Female, Glaucoma, Open-Angle, Humans, Intraocular Pressure, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Nerve Fibers, Optic Nerve Diseases, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Tonometry, Ocular, Vision Disorders, Visual Field Tests, Visual Fields, Clinical Sciences, Opthalmology and Optometry, Public Health and Health Services, Ophthalmology & Optometry
Abstract

PurposeTo determine the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness at which visual field (VF) damage becomes detectable and associated with structural loss.DesignRetrospective cross-sectional study.MethodsEighty-seven healthy and 108 glaucoma subjects (1 eye per subject) were recruited from an academic institution. All patients had VF examinations (Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm 24-2 test of the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer 750i) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography RNFL scans. Comparison of RNFL thickness values with VF threshold values showed a plateau of VF threshold values at high RNFL thickness values and then a sharp decrease at lower RNFL thickness values. A broken stick statistical analysis was used to estimate the tipping point at which RNFL thickness values are associated with VF defects. The slope for the association between structure and function was computed for data above and below the tipping point.ResultsThe mean RNFL thickness value that was associated with initial VF loss was 89 μm. The superior RNFL thickness value that was associated with initial corresponding inferior VF loss was 100 μm. The inferior RNFL thickness value that was associated with initial corresponding superior VF loss was 73 μm. The differences between all the slopes above and below the aforementioned tipping points were statistically significant (P < .001).ConclusionsIn open-angle glaucoma, substantial RNFL thinning or structural loss appears to be necessary before functional visual field defects become detectable.

Published
2014

35. Room-Temperature Magnetic Phase Transition in an Electrically Tuned van der Waals Ferromagnet

Author

Tan, Cheng, primary, Liao, Ji-Hai, additional, Zheng, Guolin, additional, Algarni, Meri, additional, Lin, Jia-Yi, additional, Ma, Xiang, additional, Mayes, Edwin L. H., additional, Field, Matthew R., additional, Albarakati, Sultan, additional, Panahandeh-Fard, Majid, additional, Alzahrani, Saleh, additional, Wang, Guopeng, additional, Yang, Yuanjun, additional, Culcer, Dimitrie, additional, Partridge, James, additional, Tian, Mingliang, additional, Xiang, Bin, additional, Zhao, Yu-Jun, additional, and Wang, Lan, additional

Published
2023
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40. Reply to Németh and Garvie: Evidence for lonsdaleite in ureilite meteorites

Author

Tomkins, Andrew G., primary, Wilson, Nicholas C., additional, MacRae, Colin, additional, Salek, Alan, additional, Field, Matthew, additional, Brand, Helen E. A., additional, Langendam, Andrew D., additional, Stephen, Natasha R., additional, Torpy, Aaron, additional, Pintér, Zsanett, additional, Jennings, Lauren A., additional, and McCulloch, Dougal, additional

Published
2023
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44. PRAME induces genomic instability in uveal melanoma

Author

Harbour, J. William, primary, Kurtenbach, Stefan, additional, Sanchez, Margaret, additional, Kuznetsoff, Jeffim, additional, Rodriguez, Daniel, additional, Weich, Natalia, additional, Dollar, James, additional, Cruz, Anthony, additional, Kurtenbach, Sarah, additional, Field, Matthew, additional, Decatur, Christina, additional, Sorouri, Mahsa, additional, Lai, Fan, additional, Shiekhattar, Ramin, additional, Pelaez, Daniel, additional, Correa, Zelia, additional, and Verdun, Ramiro, additional

Published
2023
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