227 results on '"Fiebig, J."'
Search Results
2. Extremely deuterium depleted methane revealed in high-temperature volcanic gases
- Author
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Ricci, A., Fiebig, J., Tassi, F., Hofmann, S., Capecchiacci, F., and Vaselli, O.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. InterCarb: A Community Effort to Improve Interlaboratory Standardization of the Carbonate Clumped Isotope Thermometer Using Carbonate Standards.
- Author
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Bernasconi, SM, Daëron, M, Bergmann, KD, Bonifacie, M, Meckler, AN, Affek, HP, Anderson, N, Bajnai, D, Barkan, E, Beverly, E, Blamart, D, Burgener, L, Calmels, D, Chaduteau, C, Clog, M, Davidheiser-Kroll, B, Davies, A, Dux, F, Eiler, J, Elliott, B, Fetrow, AC, Fiebig, J, Goldberg, S, Hermoso, M, Huntington, KW, Hyland, E, Ingalls, M, Jaggi, M, John, CM, Jost, AB, Katz, S, Kelson, J, Kluge, T, Kocken, IJ, Laskar, A, Leutert, TJ, Liang, D, Lucarelli, J, Mackey, TJ, Mangenot, X, Meinicke, N, Modestou, SE, Müller, IA, Murray, S, Neary, A, Packard, N, Passey, BH, Pelletier, E, Petersen, S, Piasecki, A, Schauer, A, Snell, KE, Swart, PK, Tripati, A, Upadhyay, D, Vennemann, T, Winkelstern, I, Yarian, D, Yoshida, N, Zhang, N, and Ziegler, M
- Subjects
carbonate ,clumped isotopes ,interlaboratory calibration ,mass spectrometry ,reference materials ,Physical Sciences ,Earth Sciences ,Geochemistry & Geophysics - Abstract
Increased use and improved methodology of carbonate clumped isotope thermometry has greatly enhanced our ability to interrogate a suite of Earth-system processes. However, interlaboratory discrepancies in quantifying carbonate clumped isotope (Δ47) measurements persist, and their specific sources remain unclear. To address interlaboratory differences, we first provide consensus values from the clumped isotope community for four carbonate standards relative to heated and equilibrated gases with 1,819 individual analyses from 10 laboratories. Then we analyzed the four carbonate standards along with three additional standards, spanning a broad range of δ47 and Δ47 values, for a total of 5,329 analyses on 25 individual mass spectrometers from 22 different laboratories. Treating three of the materials as known standards and the other four as unknowns, we find that the use of carbonate reference materials is a robust method for standardization that yields interlaboratory discrepancies entirely consistent with intralaboratory analytical uncertainties. Carbonate reference materials, along with measurement and data processing practices described herein, provide the carbonate clumped isotope community with a robust approach to achieve interlaboratory agreement as we continue to use and improve this powerful geochemical tool. We propose that carbonate clumped isotope data normalized to the carbonate reference materials described in this publication should be reported as Δ47 (I-CDES) values for Intercarb-Carbon Dioxide Equilibrium Scale.
- Published
- 2021
4. Isotopic disequilibrium in brachiopods disentangled with dual clumped isotope thermometry
- Author
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Davies, A.J., Brand, U., Tagliavento, M., Bitner, M.A., Bajnai, D., Staudigel, P., Bernecker, M., and Fiebig, J.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Dual clumped isotope thermometry of coral carbonate
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Davies, A.J., Guo, W., Bernecker, M., Tagliavento, M., Raddatz, J., Gischler, E., Flögel, S., and Fiebig, J.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Methane clumped isotopes: Progress and potential for a new isotopic tracer
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Douglas, PMJ, Stolper, DA, Eiler, JM, Sessions, AL, Lawson, M, Shuai, Y, Bishop, A, Podlaha, OG, Ferreira, AA, Santos Neto, EV, Niemann, M, Steen, AS, Huang, L, Chimiak, L, Valentine, DL, Fiebig, J, Luhmann, AJ, Seyfried, WE, Etiope, G, Schoell, M, Inskeep, WP, Moran, JJ, and Kitchen, N
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Methane ,Clumped isotopes ,Geothermometry ,Petroleum systems ,Biogeochemistry ,Chemical Sciences ,Earth Sciences ,Environmental Sciences ,Geochemistry & Geophysics - Abstract
The isotopic composition of methane is of longstanding geochemical interest, with important implications for understanding petroleum systems, atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, the global carbon cycle, and life in extreme environments. Recent analytical developments focusing on multiply substituted isotopologues (‘clumped isotopes’) are opening a valuable new window into methane geochemistry. When methane forms in internal isotopic equilibrium, clumped isotopes can provide a direct record of formation temperature, making this property particularly valuable for identifying different methane origins. However, it has also become clear that in certain settings methane clumped isotope measurements record kinetic rather than equilibrium isotope effects. Here we present a substantially expanded dataset of methane clumped isotope analyses, and provide a synthesis of the current interpretive framework for this parameter. In general, clumped isotope measurements indicate plausible formation temperatures for abiotic, thermogenic, and microbial methane in many geological environments, which is encouraging for the further development of this measurement as a geothermometer, and as a tracer for the source of natural gas reservoirs and emissions. We also highlight, however, instances where clumped isotope derived temperatures are higher than expected, and discuss possible factors that could distort equilibrium formation temperature signals. In microbial methane from freshwater ecosystems, in particular, clumped isotope values appear to be controlled by kinetic effects, and may ultimately be useful to study methanogen metabolism.
- Published
- 2017
7. Decline of soil respiration in northeastern Tibet through the transition into the Oligocene icehouse
- Author
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Licht, A., Dupont-Nivet, G., Meijer, N., Caves Rugenstein, J., Schauer, A., Fiebig, J., Mulch, A., Hoorn, C., Barbolini, N., and Guo, Z.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Correlation of Microstructure and Properties of Cold Gas Sprayed INCONEL 718 Coatings
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Vaßen, R., Fiebig, J., Kalfhaus, T., Gibmeier, J., Kostka, A., and Schrüfer, S.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Sources and migration pathways of methane and light hydrocarbons in the subsurface of the Southern Po River Basin (Northern Italy)
- Author
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Ricci, A, Cremonini, S, Severi, P, Tassi, F, Vaselli, O, Rizzo, A, Caracausi, A, Grassa, F, Fiebig, J, Capaccioni, B, Ricci A, Cremonini S, Severi P, Tassi F, Vaselli O, Rizzo A, Caracausi A, Grassa F, Fiebig J, Capaccioni B, Ricci, A, Cremonini, S, Severi, P, Tassi, F, Vaselli, O, Rizzo, A, Caracausi, A, Grassa, F, Fiebig, J, Capaccioni, B, Ricci A, Cremonini S, Severi P, Tassi F, Vaselli O, Rizzo A, Caracausi A, Grassa F, Fiebig J, and Capaccioni B
- Abstract
This paper presents new chemical and isotopic data on gases from deep oil and gas fields, bubbling gases, dissolved gases in groundwaters and dry seeps of the Southern Po River Basin (Emilia-Romagna, Italy), aiming to (i) characterize and differentiate the various types of deep natural gases; (ii) identify the source(s) of methane and light hydrocarbons in shallow aquifers and surface gas-rich emissions; (iii) propose a conceptual model of natural fluid migration pathways in the sedimentary prism of the Southern Po River Basin. Based on the isotopic composition of CH4 and C2–C4 n-alkanes, CH4/(C2H6+C3H8) ratio, relative proportion of the C7 hydrocarbons and relative concentration of cyclic compounds with respect to the total cyclic abundance, three main deep reservoirs of hydrocarbons are identified in the subsurface of the Southern Po River Basin: (1) microbial gas hosted in Pliocene-Pleistocene marine sediments, (2) thermogenic gas hosted in Miocene deposits and (3) thermogenic gas produced in Triassic carbonates. Helium isotopes of these deep fluids indicate an almost pure crustal origin (Rc/Ra values = 0.014–0.04), with negligible contributions from mantle-derived helium. A variable contribution of atmosphere-derived fluids is highlighted by low 4He/20Ne (down to 5.42) and 40Ar/36Ar (≤319.5) values. Comparison of chemical and isotopic signatures of deep and surficial hydrocarbon occurrences suggests that methane in shallow groundwaters or gas seeps is sourced by microbial gas migrating upward from deep Plio-Pleistocene reservoirs, with no detectable contributions of Triassic or Miocene thermogenic hydrocarbons. At shallow depths (roughly around 20–50 m.b.g.l.), Plio-Pleistocene microbial methane appears to be mainly stored in anoxic aquifers. However, where CH4 further migrates upwards and reaches aerobic environments (e.g., aquifers or soils), it readily undergoes a process of exothermic microbial oxidation mediated by methanotrophic bacteria. Where the structu
- Published
- 2023
10. Refining the temperature dependence of the oxygen and clumped isotopic compositions of structurally bound carbonate in apatite
- Author
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Löffler, N., Fiebig, J., Mulch, A., Tütken, T., Schmidt, B.C., Bajnai, D., Conrad, A.C., Wacker, U., and Böttcher, M.E.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Adjusting Residual Stresses During Cold Spray Deposition of IN718
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Schmitt, J., primary, Fiebig, J., additional, Schrüfer, S., additional, Guillon, O., additional, and Vaßen, R., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Extremely deuterium depleted methane revealed in high-temperature volcanic gases
- Author
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Ricci, A., primary, Fiebig, J., additional, Tassi, F., additional, Hofmann, S., additional, Capecchiacci, F., additional, and Vaselli, O., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Geochemical constraints on volatile sources and subsurface conditions at Mount Martin, Mount Mageik, and Trident Volcanoes, Katmai Volcanic Cluster, Alaska
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Lopez, T., Tassi, F., Aiuppa, A., Galle, B., Rizzo, A.L., Fiebig, J., Capecchiacci, F., Giudice, G., Caliro, S., and Tamburello, G.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. The hydrothermal system of the Domuyo volcanic complex (Argentina): A conceptual model based on new geochemical and isotopic evidences
- Author
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Tassi, F., Liccioli, C., Agusto, M., Chiodini, G., Vaselli, O., Calabrese, S., Pecoraino, G., Tempesti, L., Caponi, C., Fiebig, J., Caliro, S., and Caselli, A.
- Published
- 2016
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15. The Advantages of Bilateral Osteotomy Over Unilateral Osteotomy for Osteoporotic Bone Healing
- Author
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Komrakova, M., Fiebig, J., Hoffmann, D. B., Krischek, C., Lehmann, W., Stuermer, K. M., and Sehmisch, S.
- Published
- 2018
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16. Intervention-driven microbiome changes and antibiotic resistance accumulation in patients with cystic fibrosis
- Author
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Neubert, R, additional, Klassert, T, additional, Zubiria-Barrera, C, additional, Bos, M, additional, Fiebig, J, additional, Lorenz, M, additional, Mainz, J, additional, and Slevogt, H, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Fingerprinting kinetic isotope effects and diagenetic exchange reactions using fluid inclusion and dual-clumped isotope analysis
- Author
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Staudigel, P., Davies, A. J., Bernecker, M., Tagliavento, M., van der Lubbe, H. J. L., Nooitgedacht, C., Looser, N., Bernasconi, S. M., Vonhof, H., Fiebig, J., 1 Institute of Geosciences Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany, 2 Department of Earth Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands, 3 Geological Institute ETH‐Zurich Zurich Switzerland, 4 Max Planck‐Institut für Chemie Mainz Germany, and Geology and Geochemistry
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Geophysics ,fluid inclusions ,numerical modeling ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,ddc:551.9 ,clumped isotopes ,SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities ,Diagenesis ,Clumped isotopes ,Fluid inclusions ,Numerical modeling ,diagenesis - Abstract
Geochemical analyses of carbonate minerals yield multiple parameters which can be used to estimate the temperature and water composition at which they formed. Analysis of fluid trapped in minerals is a potentially powerful tool to reconstruct paleotemperatures as well as diagenetic and hydrothermal processes, as these could represent the parent fluid. Internal fluids play important roles during the alteration of carbonate fossils, lowering energetic barriers associated with resetting of clumped isotopes, as well as mediating the transport of elements during diagenesis. Here, we explore the behavior of the ∆47–∆48 “dual‐clumped” isotope thermometer during fluid‐carbonate interaction and demonstrate that it is highly sensitive to the water/carbonate ratio, behaving as a linear system in “rock buffered” alteration, and as a decoupled system in water‐dominated systems due to non‐linear mixing effects in ∆48. Dry heating experiments show that the extrapolated “heated” end‐member is indistinguishable from the predicted ∆47 and ∆48 value expected for the experimental temperature. Furthermore, we evaluate two common laboratory sampling methods for their ability to thermally alter samples. We find that the temperature of the commonly used crushing cells used to vapourize water for fluid inclusion δ18O analyses is insufficient to cause fluid‐carbonate oxygen isotope exchange, demonstrating its suitability for analyses of fluid inclusions in carbonates. We also find that belemnites sampled with a hand‐drill yield significantly warmer paleotemperatures than those sampled with mortar and pestle. We conclude that thermally‐driven internal fluid‐carbonate exchange occurs indistinguishably from isotopic equilibrium, limited by the extent to which internal water and carbonate can react., Plain Language Summary: Carbonate minerals contain multiple, independent, chemical and isotopic parameters which can be used to calculate the temperature at which the mineral formed. If these proxies agree with one another, it has been confidently assumed that the temperature is indeed genuine. Here, we investigate three such parameters and show how they record kinetic processes during mineral formation, as well as thermally‐driven processes which may alter a climate record. We find that this method could potentially be used to study the kinetic factors at play during biomineralization, even if the “true” temperature is unknown. We also find that some thermal processes result in all three parameters agreeing with one another. Because thermal alteration poses a potential dilemma for climate researchers, we investigate two common laboratory preparation techniques that involve heating a sample before analysis: drilling and heating sample for fluid inclusion analysis. We find that the heat of a drill is sufficient to facilitate these reactions, and potentially imparts a warm bias onto paleotemperatures, however the apparatus used for analyzing fluid inclusions does not appear to significantly alter the material. We conclude our approach using fluid inclusion analysis and dual‐clumped isotopes has the potential to resolve many ambiguities in interpreting climate records., Key Points: We explore the behavior of dual‐clumped and fluid‐inclusion isotope paleothermometers during thermal alteration. Different conditions during diagenesis may result in discrepant paleotemperature estimates, which may be used to identify altered records. Hand‐drilling belemnites produces sufficient heat to reset paleotemperatures, but the heat during analysis of fluid inclusions does not., DFG, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7565557
- Published
- 2023
18. Physical Ageing and Post-Crystallization of Polypropylene
- Author
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Fiebig, J., Gahleitner, M., Grellmann, Wolfgang, editor, and Seidler, Sabine, editor
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- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Material Optimization of Polypropylene—Short-Glass-Fibre Composites
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Langer, B., Bierögel, C., Grellmann, W., Fiebig, J., Aumayr, G., Grellmann, Wolfgang, editor, and Seidler, Sabine, editor
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
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20. Long term properties and lifetime prediction for polypropylene
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Gahleitner, M., Fiebig, J., and Karger-Kocsis, J., editor
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- 1999
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21. Origins of methane discharging from volcanic-hydrothermal, geothermal and cold emissions in Italy
- Author
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Tassi, F., Fiebig, J., Vaselli, O., and Nocentini, M.
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- 2012
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22. Alterung von Polypropylen
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Fiebig, J., Gahleitner, M., Grellmann, Wolfgang, editor, and Seidler, Sabine, editor
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- 1998
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23. Acute Transition Alliance: rehabilitation at the acute/aged care interface
- Author
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Kroemer, DJ, Bloor, G, and Fiebig, J
- Published
- 2004
24. InterCarb: A Community Effort to Improve Interlaboratory Standardization of the Carbonate Clumped Isotope Thermometer Using Carbonate Standards
- Author
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Bernasconi, S. M., Daëron, M., Bergmann, K. D., Bonifacie, M., Meckler, A. N., Affek, H. P., Anderson, N., Bajnai, D., Barkan, E., Beverly, E., Blamart, D., Burgener, L., Calmels, D., Chaduteau, C., Clog, M., Davidheiser-Kroll, B., Davies, A., Dux, F., Eiler, J., Elliott, B., Fetrow, A. C., Fiebig, J., Goldberg, S., Hermoso, M., Huntington, K. W., Hyland, E., Ingalls, M., Jaggi, M., John, C. M., Jost, A. B., Katz, S., Kelson, J., Kluge, T., Kocken, I. J., Laskar, A., Leutert, T. J., Liang, D., Lucarelli, J., Mackey, T. J., Mangenot, X., Meinicke, N., Modestou, S. E., Müller, I. A., Murray, S., Neary, A., Packard, N., Passey, B. H., Pelletier, E., Petersen, S., Ziegler, M., Stratigraphy and paleontology, and Stratigraphy & paleontology
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carbonate ,Geophysics ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,clumped isotopes ,interlaboratory calibration ,reference materials ,mass spectrometry - Abstract
Increased use and improved methodology of carbonate clumped isotope thermometry has greatly enhanced our ability to interrogate a suite of Earth-system processes. However, interlaboratory discrepancies in quantifying carbonate clumped isotope (Δ47) measurements persist, and their specific sources remain unclear. To address interlaboratory differences, we first provide consensus values from the clumped isotope community for four carbonate standards relative to heated and equilibrated gases with 1,819 individual analyses from 10 laboratories. Then we analyzed the four carbonate standards along with three additional standards, spanning a broad range of δ47 and Δ47 values, for a total of 5,329 analyses on 25 individual mass spectrometers from 22 different laboratories. Treating three of the materials as known standards and the other four as unknowns, we find that the use of carbonate reference materials is a robust method for standardization that yields interlaboratory discrepancies entirely consistent with intralaboratory analytical uncertainties. Carbonate reference materials, along with measurement and data processing practices described herein, provide the carbonate clumped isotope community with a robust approach to achieve interlaboratory agreement as we continue to use and improve this powerful geochemical tool. We propose that carbonate clumped isotope data normalized to the carbonate reference materials described in this publication should be reported as Δ47 (I-CDES) values for Intercarb-Carbon Dioxide Equilibrium Scale.
- Published
- 2021
25. Hydrothermal methane fluxes from the soil at Pantelleria island (Italy)
- Author
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D'Alessandro, W., Bellomo, S., Brusca, L., Fiebig, J., Longo, M., Martelli, M., Pecoraino, G., and Salerno, F.
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- 2009
- Full Text
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26. Warm High‐Elevation Mid‐Latitudes During the Miocene Climatic Optimum: Paleosol Clumped Isotope Temperatures From the Northern Rocky Mountains, USA
- Author
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Methner, K., primary, Mulch, A., additional, Fiebig, J., additional, Krsnik, E., additional, Löffler, N., additional, Bajnai, D., additional, and Chamberlain, C. P., additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. InterCarb: A Community Effort to Improve Interlaboratory Standardization of the Carbonate Clumped Isotope Thermometer Using Carbonate Standards
- Author
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Stratigraphy and paleontology, Stratigraphy & paleontology, Bernasconi, S. M., Daëron, M., Bergmann, K. D., Bonifacie, M., Meckler, A. N., Affek, H. P., Anderson, N., Bajnai, D., Barkan, E., Beverly, E., Blamart, D., Burgener, L., Calmels, D., Chaduteau, C., Clog, M., Davidheiser-Kroll, B., Davies, A., Dux, F., Eiler, J., Elliott, B., Fetrow, A. C., Fiebig, J., Goldberg, S., Hermoso, M., Huntington, K. W., Hyland, E., Ingalls, M., Jaggi, M., John, C. M., Jost, A. B., Katz, S., Kelson, J., Kluge, T., Kocken, I. J., Laskar, A., Leutert, T. J., Liang, D., Lucarelli, J., Mackey, T. J., Mangenot, X., Meinicke, N., Modestou, S. E., Müller, I. A., Murray, S., Neary, A., Packard, N., Passey, B. H., Pelletier, E., Petersen, S., Ziegler, M., Stratigraphy and paleontology, Stratigraphy & paleontology, Bernasconi, S. M., Daëron, M., Bergmann, K. D., Bonifacie, M., Meckler, A. N., Affek, H. P., Anderson, N., Bajnai, D., Barkan, E., Beverly, E., Blamart, D., Burgener, L., Calmels, D., Chaduteau, C., Clog, M., Davidheiser-Kroll, B., Davies, A., Dux, F., Eiler, J., Elliott, B., Fetrow, A. C., Fiebig, J., Goldberg, S., Hermoso, M., Huntington, K. W., Hyland, E., Ingalls, M., Jaggi, M., John, C. M., Jost, A. B., Katz, S., Kelson, J., Kluge, T., Kocken, I. J., Laskar, A., Leutert, T. J., Liang, D., Lucarelli, J., Mackey, T. J., Mangenot, X., Meinicke, N., Modestou, S. E., Müller, I. A., Murray, S., Neary, A., Packard, N., Passey, B. H., Pelletier, E., Petersen, S., and Ziegler, M.
- Published
- 2021
28. Warm High-Elevation Mid-Latitudes During the Miocene Climatic Optimum: Paleosol Clumped Isotope Temperatures From the Northern Rocky Mountains, USA
- Author
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Methner, K., Mulch, A., Fiebig, J., Krsnik, E., Loeffler, N., Bajnai, D., Chamberlain, C. P., Methner, K., Mulch, A., Fiebig, J., Krsnik, E., Loeffler, N., Bajnai, D., and Chamberlain, C. P.
- Abstract
Interrupting a long-term Cenozoic cooling trend, the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO; ca. 17-15 Ma) represents a time interval characterized globally by warmer than present temperatures, lower ice volume, and elevated pCO(2) levels. Establishing quantitative Neogene temperature estimates is an important element in the effort to explore the long-term changes in the carbon cycle and associated climate feedbacks, yet terrestrial temperature records are still sparse. Here, we present a clumped isotope (Delta(47)) temperature record of the MCO from intermontane basins in the Northern Rocky Mountain (NRM) region. Arikareean (22.7-21.5 Ma) to Barstovian (16.9-14.7 Ma) paleosol carbonates from the Hepburn's Mesa Formation (Montana), supplemented with data from fossil localities in western Idaho. These records yield Delta(47)-temperatures ranging from 17 degrees C to 24 degrees C, which are rather warm given the high elevation sites and are further relatively stable (mean of 21 +/- 2 degrees C) leading into and during the MCO until ca. 14.7 Ma. At ca. 14.7 Ma, we observe low Delta(47)-temperatures (8 degrees C-10 degrees C) concomitantly with elevated Delta(47)-temperatures (ca. 22 degrees C). In line with recently suggested climate stability in the NRM region leading into the MCO, our Delta(47)-temperature record, combined with carbon isotope (delta C-13) and reconstructed soil water oxygen isotope (delta O-18(sw)) values, indicates rather stable climate and environmental conditions throughout the MCO. Combining available records from inland sites in the western United States (NRM, Mojave region) points to prevailing stable continental climates even during the MCO.
- Published
- 2021
29. Central Asian modulation of Northern Hemisphere moisture transfer over the Late Cenozoic
- Author
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Prud’homme, C, Scardia, G, Vonhof, H, Guinoiseau, D, Nigmatova, S, Fiebig, J, Gerdes, A, Janssen, R, Fitzsimmons, KE, Prud’homme, C, Scardia, G, Vonhof, H, Guinoiseau, D, Nigmatova, S, Fiebig, J, Gerdes, A, Janssen, R, and Fitzsimmons, KE
- Abstract
Earth’s climatic evolution over the last 5 million years is primarily understood from the perspective of marine mechanisms, however, the role of terrestrial feedbacks remains largely unexplored. Here we reconstruct the last 5 million years of soil moisture variability in Central Asia using paleomagnetism data and isotope geochemistry of an 80 m-thick sedimentary succession at Charyn Canyon, Kazakhstan. We identify a long-term trend of increasing aridification throughout the period, along with shorter-term variability related to the interaction between mid-latitude westerlies and the Siberian high-pressure system. This record highlights the long-term contribution of mid-latitude Eurasian terrestrial systems to the modulation of moisture transfer into the Northern Hemisphere oceans and back onto land via westerly air flow. The response of Earth-surface dynamics to Plio-Pleistocene climatic change in Central Asia likely generated terrestrial feedbacks affecting ocean and atmospheric circulation. This missing terrestrial link elucidates the significance of land-water feedbacks for long-term global climate.
- Published
- 2021
30. Individuals at increased risk for development of bipolar disorder display structural alterations similar to people with manifest disease.
- Author
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Mikolas, P, Bröckel, K, Vogelbacher, C, Müller, DK, Marxen, M, Berndt, C, Sauer, C, Jung, S, Fröhner, JH, Fallgatter, AJ, Ethofer, T, Rau, A, Kircher, T, Falkenberg, I, Lambert, M, Kraft, V, Leopold, K, Bechdolf, A, Reif, A, Matura, S, Stamm, T, Bermpohl, F, Fiebig, J, Juckel, G, Flasbeck, V, Correll, CU, Ritter, P, Bauer, M, Jansen, A, Pfennig, A, Mikolas, P, Bröckel, K, Vogelbacher, C, Müller, DK, Marxen, M, Berndt, C, Sauer, C, Jung, S, Fröhner, JH, Fallgatter, AJ, Ethofer, T, Rau, A, Kircher, T, Falkenberg, I, Lambert, M, Kraft, V, Leopold, K, Bechdolf, A, Reif, A, Matura, S, Stamm, T, Bermpohl, F, Fiebig, J, Juckel, G, Flasbeck, V, Correll, CU, Ritter, P, Bauer, M, Jansen, A, and Pfennig, A
- Abstract
In psychiatry, there has been a growing focus on identifying at-risk populations. For schizophrenia, these efforts have led to the development of early recognition and intervention measures. Despite a similar disease burden, the populations at risk of bipolar disorder have not been sufficiently characterized. Within the BipoLife consortium, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from a multicenter study to assess structural gray matter alterations in N = 263 help-seeking individuals from seven study sites. We defined the risk using the EPIbipolar assessment tool as no-risk, low-risk, and high-risk and used a region-of-interest approach (ROI) based on the results of two large-scale multicenter studies of bipolar disorder by the ENIGMA working group. We detected significant differences in the thickness of the left pars opercularis (Cohen's d = 0.47, p = 0.024) between groups. The cortex was significantly thinner in high-risk individuals compared to those in the no-risk group (p = 0.011). We detected no differences in the hippocampal volume. Exploratory analyses revealed no significant differences in other cortical or subcortical regions. The thinner cortex in help-seeking individuals at risk of bipolar disorder is in line with previous findings in patients with the established disorder and corresponds to the region of the highest effect size in the ENIGMA study of cortical alterations. Structural alterations in prefrontal cortex might be a trait marker of bipolar risk. This is the largest structural MRI study of help-seeking individuals at increased risk of bipolar disorder.
- Published
- 2021
31. Decline of soil respiration in northeastern Tibet through the transition into the Oligocene icehouse
- Author
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Licht, Alexis, Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume, Meijer, Niels, Caves Rugenstein, Jeremy, Schauer, A., Fiebig, J., Mulch, A., Hoorn, C., Barbolini, Natasha, Guo, Z., Licht, Alexis, Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume, Meijer, Niels, Caves Rugenstein, Jeremy, Schauer, A., Fiebig, J., Mulch, A., Hoorn, C., Barbolini, Natasha, and Guo, Z.
- Abstract
Soil respiration (Rs), the production of carbon dioxide in soils, increases dramatically from deserts to forested ecosystems. Rs values thus provide a potential tool to identify past ecosystems if recorded in sedimentary archives. Here, we propose a quantitative method to reconstruct past Rs values from paleosols. This method reverses the soil paleobarometer, a proxy that estimates past atmospheric CO2 concentration values (CO2atm) from paleosols while considering a narrow range of variation for Rs. We use past CO2atm values from marine proxies to reconstruct soil respiration from a 20 million year-long isotopic record from northeastern Tibet covering the transition from the Eocene greenhouse to the Oligocene icehouse. We show that Rs dropped at least 4-fold through the transition into the Oligocene icehouse, marking the spread of boreal desert-steppes of Central Asia. We show that increasing aridity and the decline of monsoonal rainfall, in parallel with global cooling, caused the fall of soil respiration. These highly dynamic Rs emphasize the need for a systematic screening of paleosol isotopic data before using the soil paleobarometer to reconstruct CO2atm.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The origin of the fumaroles of La Solfatara (Campi Flegrei, South Italy)
- Author
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Caliro, S., Chiodini, G., Moretti, R., Avino, R., Granieri, D., Russo, M., and Fiebig, J.
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- 2007
- Full Text
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33. Heterogenity of Microstructure Evolution in NiTi (50 at% Ni) Alloy Severely Deformed by High Pressure Torsion
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Singh, R., primary, Fiebig, J., additional, Ostendorp, S., additional, Rösner, H., additional, Prokofyev, E.A., additional, Valiev, R.Z., additional, Divinski, S.V., additional, and Wilde, G., additional
- Published
- 2011
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34. Geochemical constraints on volatile sources and subsurface conditions at Mount Martin, Mount Mageik, and Trident Volcanoes, Katmai Volcanic Cluster, Alaska
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Lopez T.[1], Tassi F.[2, Aiuppa A.[4, Galle B.[6], Rizzo A.L.[5], Fiebig J.[7], Capecchiacci F.[2, Giudice G.[5], Caliro S.[8], Tamburello G.[9], Lopez, T., Tassi, F., Aiuppa, A., Galle, B., Rizzo, A., Fiebig, J., Capecchiacci, F., Giudice, G., Caliro, S., Tamburello, G., Lopez, T, Tassi, F, Aiuppa, A, Galle, B, Rizzo, A, Fiebig, J, Capecchiacci, F, Giudice, G, Caliro, S, and Tamburello, G
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Katmai ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Earth science ,Geochemistry ,Alaska volcano ,volcanic ,Alaska ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Mount Martin ,Volcanic Gases ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,event ,Gas composition ,Geophysic ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,event.disaster_type ,Basalt ,geography ,Pacific Ocean ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Subduction ,Mid-ocean ridge ,United States ,Fumarole ,Plume ,Geophysics ,Volcano ,13. Climate action ,Aleutian Arc ,Geology - Abstract
We use the chemical and isotopic composition of volcanic gases and steam condensate, in situ measurements of plume composition and remote measurements of SO2 flux to constrain volatile sources and characterize subvolcanic conditions at three persistently degassing and seismically active volcanoes within the Katmai Volcanic Cluster (KVC), Alaska: Mount Martin, Mount Mageik and Trident. In situ plume measurements of gas composition were collected at all three volcanoes using MultiGAS instruments to calculate gas ratios (e.g. CO2/H2S, SO2/H2S and H2O/H2S), and remote measurements of SO2 column density were collected from Mount Martin and Mount Mageik by ultraviolet spectrometer systems to calculate SO2 fluxes. Fumaroles were directly sampled for chemical and isotopic composition from Mount Mageik and Trident. Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB)-like 3He/4He ratios (~ 7.2–7.6 Rc/RA) within Mount Mageik and Trident's fumarole emissions and a moderate SO2 flux (~ 75 t/d) from Mount Martin, combined with gas compositions dominated by H2O, CO2 and H2S from all three volcanoes, indicate magma degassing and active hydrothermal systems in the subsurface of these volcanoes. Mount Martin's gas emissions have the lowest CO2/H2S ratio (~ 2–4) and highest SO2 flux compared to the other KVC volcanoes, indicative of shallow magma degassing. Geothermometry techniques applied to Mount Mageik and Trident's fumarolic gas compositions suggest that their hydrothermal reservoirs are located at depths of ~ 0.2 and 4 km below the surface, respectively. Observations of an unusually reducing gas composition at Trident and organic material in the near-surface soils suggest that thermal decomposition of sediments may be influencing gas composition. When the measured gas compositions from Mount Mageik and Trident are compared with previous samples collected in the late 1990's, relatively stable magmatic-hydrothermal conditions are inferred for Mount Mageik, while gradual degassing of residual magma and contamination by shallow crustal fluids is inferred for Trident. The isotopic composition of volcanic gases emitted from Mount Mageik and Trident reflect mixing of subducted slab, mantle and crustal volatile sources, with organic sediment and carbonate being the predominant sources. Considering the close proximity of the target volcanoes in comparison with the depth to the subducted slab we speculate that Aleutian Arc volatiles are fed by a relatively homogeneous subducted fluid and that much of the apparent variability in volatile provenance can be explained by shallow crustal volatile sources and/or processes.
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- 2017
35. Geochemical constraints on volatile sources and subsurface conditions at Mount Martin, Mount Mageik, and Trident Volcanoes, Katmai Volcanic Cluster, Alaska
- Author
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Lopez, T, Tassi, F, Aiuppa, A, Galle, B, Rizzo, A, Fiebig, J, Capecchiacci, F, Giudice, G, Caliro, S, Tamburello, G, Lopez T, Tassi F, Aiuppa A, Galle B, Rizzo A, Fiebig J, Capecchiacci F, Giudice G, Caliro S, Tamburello G, Lopez, T, Tassi, F, Aiuppa, A, Galle, B, Rizzo, A, Fiebig, J, Capecchiacci, F, Giudice, G, Caliro, S, Tamburello, G, Lopez T, Tassi F, Aiuppa A, Galle B, Rizzo A, Fiebig J, Capecchiacci F, Giudice G, Caliro S, and Tamburello G
- Abstract
We use the chemical and isotopic composition of volcanic gases and steam condensate, in situ measurements of plume composition and remote measurements of SO2 flux to constrain volatile sources and characterize subvolcanic conditions at three persistently degassing and seismically active volcanoes within the Katmai Volcanic Cluster (KVC), Alaska: Mount Martin, Mount Mageik and Trident. In situ plume measurements of gas composition were collected at all three volcanoes using MultiGAS instruments to calculate gas ratios (e.g. CO2/H2S, SO2/H2S and H2O/H2S), and remote measurements of SO2 column density were collected from Mount Martin and Mount Mageik by ultraviolet spectrometer systems to calculate SO2 fluxes. Fumaroles were directly sampled for chemical and isotopic composition from Mount Mageik and Trident. Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB)-like 3He/4He ratios (~ 7.2–7.6 Rc/RA) within Mount Mageik and Trident's fumarole emissions and a moderate SO2 flux (~ 75 t/d) from Mount Martin, combined with gas compositions dominated by H2O, CO2 and H2S from all three volcanoes, indicate magma degassing and active hydrothermal systems in the subsurface of these volcanoes. Mount Martin's gas emissions have the lowest CO2/H2S ratio (~ 2–4) and highest SO2 flux compared to the other KVC volcanoes, indicative of shallow magma degassing. Geothermometry techniques applied to Mount Mageik and Trident's fumarolic gas compositions suggest that their hydrothermal reservoirs are located at depths of ~ 0.2 and 4 km below the surface, respectively. Observations of an unusually reducing gas composition at Trident and organic material in the near-surface soils suggest that thermal decomposition of sediments may be influencing gas composition. When the measured gas compositions from Mount Mageik and Trident are compared with previous samples collected in the late 1990's, relatively stable magmatic-hydrothermal conditions are inferred for Mount Mageik, while gradual degassing of residual magma and
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- 2017
36. Effects of Improved O Correction on Inter‐Laboratory Agreement in Clumped Isotope Calibrations, Estimates of Mineral‐Specific Offsets, and Temperature Dependence of Acid Digestion Fractionation
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Petersen, S.V., Defliese, W.F., Saenger, C., Daëron, M., Huntington, K.W., John, C.M., Kelson, J.R., Bernasconi, S.M., Coleman, A.S., Kluge, T., Olack, G.A., Schauer, A.J., Bajnai, D., Bonifacie, M., Breitenbach, S.F.M., Fiebig, J., Fernandez, A.B., Henkes, G.A., Hodell, D., Katz, A., Kele, S., Lohmann, K.C., Passey, B.H., Peral, M.Y., Petrizzo, D.A., Rosenheim, B.E., Tripati, A., Venturelli, R., Young, E.D., and Winkelstern, I.Z.
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Acid digestion ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Isotope ,Stable isotope ratio ,Mineralogy ,Fractionation ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Geophysics ,13. Climate action ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Calibration ,Sample preparation ,Geology ,Analysis method ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The clumped isotopic composition of carbonate-derived CO (denoted Δ) is a function of carbonate formation temperature and in natural samples can act as a recorder of paleoclimate, burial, or diagenetic conditions. The absolute abundance of heavy isotopes in the universal standards VPDB and VSMOW (defined by four parameters: R , R , R , and λ) impact calculated Δ values. Here, we investigate whether use of updated and more accurate values for these parameters can remove observed interlaboratory differences in the measured T-Δ relationship. Using the updated parameters, we reprocess 14 published calibration data sets measured in 11 different laboratories, representing many mineralogies, bulk compositions, sample types, reaction temperatures, and sample preparation and analysis methods. Exploiting this large composite data set (n = 1,253 sample replicates), we investigate the possibility for a “universal” clumped isotope calibration. We find that applying updated parameters improves the T-Δ relationship (reduces residuals) within most labs and improves overall agreement but does not eliminate all interlaboratory differences. We reaffirm earlier findings that different mineralogies do not require different calibration equations and that cleaning procedures, method of pressure baseline correction, and mass spectrometer type do not affect interlaboratory agreement. We also present new estimates of the temperature dependence of the acid digestion fractionation for Δ (Δ*), based on combining reprocessed data from four studies, and new theoretical equilibrium values to be used in calculation of the empirical transfer function. Overall, we have ruled out a number of possible causes of interlaboratory disagreement in the T-Δ relationship, but many more remain to be investigated.
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Effects of Improved 17O Correction on Interlaboratory Agreement in Clumped Isotope Calibrations, Estimates of Mineral-Specific Offsets, and Temperature Dependence of Acid Digestion Fractionation
- Author
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Petersen, S., Defliese, W., Saenger, C., Daeron, M., Huntington, K., John, C., Kelson, J., Bernasconi, S., Colman, A., Kluge, T., Olack, G., Schauer, A., Bajnai, D., Bonifacie, M., Breitenbach, S., Fiebig, J., Fernandez, A., Henkes, G., Hodell, D., Katz, A., Kele, S., Lohmann, K., Passey, B., Peral, M., Petrizzo, D., Rosenheim, B., Tripati, A., Venturelli, R., Young, E., Winkelstern, I., Analytical, Environmental & Geo-Chemistry, Chemistry, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] (IUP), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], University of Washington [Seattle], Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Cambridge, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)
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[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2019
38. Effects of Improved 17 O Correction on Interlaboratory Agreement in Clumped Isotope Calibrations, Estimates of Mineral‐Specific Offsets, and Temperature Dependence of Acid Digestion Fractionation
- Author
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Petersen, S., Defliese, W., Saenger, C., Daeron, M., Huntington, K., John, C., Kelson, J., Bernasconi, S., Colman, A., Kluge, T., Olack, G., Schauer, A., Bajnai, D., Bonifacie, Magali, Breitenbach, S., Fiebig, J., Fernandez, A., Henkes, G., Hodell, D., Katz, A., Kele, S., Lohmann, K., Passey, B., Peral, M., Petrizzo, D., Rosenheim, B., Tripati, A., Venturelli, R., Young, E., Winkelstern, I., Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] (IUP), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], University of Washington [Seattle], Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
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[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry ,F700 ,F800 ,F600 ,F900 - Abstract
International audience; The clumped isotopic composition of carbonate‐derived CO2 (denoted Δ47) is a function of carbonate formation temperature and in natural samples can act as a recorder of paleoclimate, burial, or diagenetic conditions. The absolute abundance of heavy isotopes in the universal standards VPDB and VSMOW (defined by four parameters: R13VPDB, R17VSMOW, R18VSMOW, and λ) impact calculated Δ47 values. Here, we investigate whether use of updated and more accurate values for these parameters can remove observed interlaboratory differences in the measured T‐Δ47 relationship. Using the updated parameters, we reprocess 14 published calibration data sets measured in 11 different laboratories, representing many mineralogies, bulk compositions, sample types, reaction temperatures, and sample preparation and analysis methods. Exploiting this large composite data set (n = 1,253 sample replicates), we investigate the possibility for a “universal” clumped isotope calibration. We find that applying updated parameters improves the T‐Δ47 relationship (reduces residuals) within most labs and improves overall agreement but does not eliminate all interlaboratory differences. We reaffirm earlier findings that different mineralogies do not require different calibration equations and that cleaning procedures, method of pressure baseline correction, and mass spectrometer type do not affect interlaboratory agreement. We also present new estimates of the temperature dependence of the acid digestion fractionation for Δ47 (Δ*25‐X), based on combining reprocessed data from four studies, and new theoretical equilibrium values to be used in calculation of the empirical transfer function. Overall, we have ruled out a number of possible causes of interlaboratory disagreement in the T‐Δ47 relationship, but many more remain to be investigated.
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- 2019
39. The Schandelah Scientific Drilling Project: A 25-million year record of Early Jurassic palaeo-environmental change from northern Germany
- Author
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Van de Schootbrugge, B., Richoz, S., Pross, J., Luppold, F. W., Hunze, S., Wonik, T., Blau, J., Meister, C., Van der Weijst, C. M.H., Suan, G., Fraguas, A., Fiebig, J., Herrle, J. O., Guex, J., Little, C. T.S., Wignall, P. B., Püttmann, W., Oschmann, W., Marine palynology and palaeoceanography, Marine Palynology, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marine palynology and palaeoceanography, Marine Palynology, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)
- Subjects
Stratigraphy ,Plant Science ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,050105 experimental psychology ,Paleontology ,drill core ,Chemostratigraphy ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,14. Life underwater ,Sedimentology ,black shales ,Siltstone ,Drill core ,Extinction event ,Ammonite ,Early Jurassic ,05 social sciences ,sedimentology ,Geology ,06 humanities and the arts ,Authigenic ,language.human_language ,13. Climate action ,[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] ,060302 philosophy ,Facies ,language ,Black shales ,Sedimentary rock ,chemostratigraphy ,paleontology - Abstract
With the aim to understand prolonged and repeated marine anoxia after the Triassic-Jurassic massextinction event, a continuously cored, 338 metre thick succession of Rhaetian to Toarcian sediments was retrieved close to the village of Schandelah near Braunschweig (Lower Saxony, northern Germany). Here, preliminary biostratigraphical, lithological, sedimentological, geochemical, and geophysical borehole data are presented and discussed. Based on the presence of ammonites, ostracods, benthic foraminifers, calcareous nannofossils, and palynomorphs, all major Late Triassic and Early Jurassic stage boundaries and many of the standard Lower Jurassic ammonite zones could be defined. The deltaic Rhaetian sand- and siltstone succession (Exter Fm) contains evidence for seismic activity probably related to large-scale geodynamic processes. The Hettangian (Lias Alpha) is represented by a thick heterolithic succession composed of shallow marine sandy and silty beds with intercalated organic-rich shale, representing deposition on a shoreface with frequent storm activity. Progressive deepening during the Sinemurian to Toarcian resulted in repeated deposition of laminated organic-rich facies. Periods of relative sea-level fall likely occurred during the Late Hettangian, the Late Sinemurian, and Early Pliensbachian, where a series of hardgrounds occur indicating erosion on the sea floor followed by sea level rise leading to omission, and increased reworking. One of the most conspicuous features of the Lower Jurassic in the Schandelah-1 core is the presence of abundant authigenic carbonates (glendonites, concretions, beef-calcite) within the Upper Pliensbachian with partly very negative C-isotope values (down to -37%o V-PDB) suggesting the anaerobic oxidation of methane. A high-resolution organic carbon isotope record based on 485 analyses shows two major negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) within the lowermost Hettangian and Lower Toarcian, respectively. Both excursions coincide with the onset of black shale deposition and are well-known features of these time-intervals in other regions. Despite the fact that black shale deposition also characterizes parts of the Sinemurian and Pliensbachian in similar facies, no large negative CIEs are apparent. The Schandelah-1 core thus provides an unique archive of sedimentary, biotic and geochemical records of long-term Triassic-Jurassic palaeo-environmental change in the European Epicontinental Seaway.
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- 2019
40. Case HistoriesAdvanced Composite Repairs of Usaf C-141 and C-130 Aircraft
- Author
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SCHWEINBERG, W, primary and FIEBIG, J, additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
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41. Physical Ageing and Post-Crystallization of Polypropylene
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Fiebig, J., primary and Gahleitner, M., additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
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42. Material Optimization of Polypropylene—Short-Glass-Fibre Composites
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Langer, B., primary, Bierögel, C., additional, Grellmann, W., additional, Fiebig, J., additional, and Aumayr, G., additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. The Schandelah scientific drilling project : A 25-million year record of Early Jurassic palaeoenvironmental change from northern Germany
- Author
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Van de Schootbrugge, B., Richoz, S., Pross, J., Luppold, F. W., Hunze, S., Wonik, T., Blau, J., Meister, C., Van der Weijst, C. M.H., Suan, G., Fraguas, A., Fiebig, J., Herrle, J. O., Guex, J., Little, C. T.S., Wignall, P. B., Püttmann, W., Oschmann, W., Van de Schootbrugge, B., Richoz, S., Pross, J., Luppold, F. W., Hunze, S., Wonik, T., Blau, J., Meister, C., Van der Weijst, C. M.H., Suan, G., Fraguas, A., Fiebig, J., Herrle, J. O., Guex, J., Little, C. T.S., Wignall, P. B., Püttmann, W., and Oschmann, W.
- Published
- 2019
44. The Schandelah scientific drilling project: A 25-million year record of Early Jurassic palaeoenvironmental change from northern Germany
- Author
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Marine palynology and palaeoceanography, Marine Palynology, Van de Schootbrugge, B., Richoz, S., Pross, J., Luppold, F. W., Hunze, S., Wonik, T., Blau, J., Meister, C., Van der Weijst, C. M.H., Suan, G., Fraguas, A., Fiebig, J., Herrle, J. O., Guex, J., Little, C. T.S., Wignall, P. B., Püttmann, W., Oschmann, W., Marine palynology and palaeoceanography, Marine Palynology, Van de Schootbrugge, B., Richoz, S., Pross, J., Luppold, F. W., Hunze, S., Wonik, T., Blau, J., Meister, C., Van der Weijst, C. M.H., Suan, G., Fraguas, A., Fiebig, J., Herrle, J. O., Guex, J., Little, C. T.S., Wignall, P. B., Püttmann, W., and Oschmann, W.
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- 2019
45. Origin of methane and light hydrocarbons in the gas manifestations of Greece
- Author
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Daskalopoulou K., Calabrese S., Fiebig J., Grassa F., Kyriakopoulos K., Longo M., Parello F., Tassi F., D’Alessandro W., and Daskalopoulou K., Calabrese S., Fiebig J., Grassa F., Kyriakopoulos K., Longo M., Parello F., Tassi F., D’Alessandro W.
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Methane, Greece, greenhouse gases, emissions ,Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia - Abstract
The geologic emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) give an important natural contribution to the global carbon budget. However, the contribution of these emissions to the global carbon cycle and their possible role on the climate change remain still poorly quantified (Guliyev and Feizullayev, 1997; Milkov, 2000; Etiope et al., 2015 and references therein). Methane, the most abundant organic compound in Earth's atmosphere, may be created either from existing organic matter or synthesized from inorganic molecules. Accordingly, it can be differentiated in two main classes: a) biotic (either microbial or thermogenic) and b) abiotic. For this study, 115 gas samples of fumarolic, thermal and cold discharges from all over the Hellenic territory were collected and both chemical (CO2, H2S, CH4, N2, O2, Ar, H2 and light hydrocarbons) and isotopic (13C-CO2, 13C-CH4, D-CH4) analyses were performed, in order to investigate the genetic processes that produced CH4 in fluids related with the complex geodynamic setting of Greece. On the basis of the spatial distribution of the gas discharges and their type of emission, the whole dataset was subdivided into 3 main “domains”, as follows: 1) Volcanic Arc (VA) - 34 samples; 2) External Hellenides (EH) - 23 samples of cold emissions and of hyperalkaline aqueous solutions; 3) Internal Hellenides (IH) - 62 samples of cold and geothermal emissions. Almost each group is characterized, as long as subdivided in 3 groups based on the type of emission (on-land free or dissolved gases and subaqueous gases) and a 4th group includes literature data.
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- 2017
46. Microbial methane oxidation leading to extreme isotopic fractionation in thermal springs of central Greece
- Author
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D’Alessandro W., Daskalopoulou K., Gagliano A. L., Calabrese S., Fiebig J., Tassi F., Kyriakopoulos K., Li Vigni L., Biagioni, C, Carmina, B, Galanti, Y, Pasero, M, Petti, FM, and D’Alessandro W., Daskalopoulou K., Gagliano A.L., Calabrese S., Fiebig J., Tassi F., Kyriakopoulos K., Li Vigni L.
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geothermal gases, methanotrophy, stable isotopes - Abstract
The Greek territory belongs to the geodynamically active Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt. As such, it shows intense seismic activity, active volcanic systems and areas of enhanced geothermal fluxes. One of these areas is the Sperchios basin and the northern part of Evia island in central Greece, which present widespread thermal manifestations (D’Alessandro et al., 2014). Five of them with temperatures from 33 to 80°C present bubbling gases whose dominating species are either CO2 or N2. All gases contain from 27 to 4000 ppm of CH4. The isotopic composition of CH4 in these gases covers a wide range with δ13C values ranging from -21.7 to +16.9 ‰ and δ2H values ranging from -124 to +301 ‰. The hottest manifestation displays the lowest isotopic values within the typical range of volcanic and geothermal systems. All the remaining samples fit a methane oxidation trend reaching very positive values. If we consider the lowest values as the deep hydrothermal marker the obtained ΔH/ΔC values range between 5 and 13 which are close to those typical of microbially driven oxidation (Kinnaman et al., 2007). Although the outlet temperature of the hottest manifestations is at the upper limit for methanotrophic microrganisms (Sharp et al., 2014), we can hypothesize that environmental conditions are not favorable for their survival at this site while they can thrive in the other, strongly consuming methane and producing very positive isotopic values. D’Alessandro, W., Brusca, L., Kyriakopoulos, K., Bellomo, S., Calabrese S. (2014): A geochemical traverse along the "Sperchios Basin-Evoikos Gulf" Graben (Central Greece): origin and evolution of the emitted fluids. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 55, 295-308. Kinnaman, F.S., Valentine, D.L., Tyler, P.A. (2007): Carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation associated with the aerobic microbial oxidation of methane, ethane, propane and butane. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 71, 271-283. Sharp, C.E., Smirnova, A.V., Graham, J.M., Stott, M.B., Khadka, R., Moore, T.R., Grasby, S.E., Strack, M., Dunfield, P.F. (2014): Distribution and diversity of Verrucomicrobia methanotrophs in geothermal and acidic environments. Environ. Microbiol., 16, 1867-1878.
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- 2017
47. Extreme isotope fractionation of hydrothermal methane due to oxidation processes in hot springs of Central Greece
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D’ALESSANDRO W., DASKALOPOULOU K, GAGLIANO A. L., CALABRESE S., FIEBIG J., TASSI F., KYRIAKOPOULOS K., and D’ALESSANDRO W., DASKALOPOULOU K, GAGLIANO A.L., CALABRESE S., FIEBIG J., TASSI F., KYRIAKOPOULOS K.
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Methane, oxidation, Greece ,Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia - Abstract
The Greek territory belongs to the geodynamically active Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt. As such, it shows intense seismic activity, active volcanic systems and areas of enhanced geothermal fluxes. One of these areas is the Sperchios basin and the northern part of Evia island in central Greece, which present widespread thermal manifestations [1]. Five of them with temperatures from 33 to 80°C present bubbling gases whose dominating species are either CO2 or N2. All gases contain from 27 to 4000 ppm of CH4. The isotopic composition of CH4 in these gases covers a wide range with δ13C values ranging from -21.7 to +16.9‰ and δ2H values ranging from -124 to +301‰. The hottest manifestation displays the lowest isotopic values within the typical range of volcanic and geothermal systems. All the remaining samples fit a methane oxidation trend reaching very positive values. If we consider the lowest values as the deep hydrothermal marker the obtained ΔH/ΔC values range between 5 and 13 which are close to those typical of microbially driven oxidation [2]. Although the outlet temperature of the hottest manifestations is at the upper limit for methanotrophic microrganisms [3], we can hypothesize that environmental conditions are not favorable for their survival at this site while they can thrive in the other strongly consuming methane and producing very positive isotopic values. [1] D’Alessandro et al. (2014), Mar. Petrol. Geol. 55, 295-308; [2] Kinnaman et al. (2007), Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 71, 271-283; [3] Sharp et al. (2014), Environ. Microbiol. 16, 1867-1878
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- 2017
48. Light hydrocarbons as a proxy to identify the origin of the gas manifestations in Greece
- Author
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Daskalopoulou K., Calabrese S., Fiebig J., Kyriakopoulos K., Li Vigni L., Parello F., Tassi F., D’Alessandro W., Biagioni, C, Carmina, B, Galanti, Y, Pasero, M, Petti, FM, and Daskalopoulou K., Calabrese S., Fiebig J., Kyriakopoulos K., Li Vigni L., Parello F., Tassi F., D’Alessandro W.
- Subjects
gas geochemistry, stable isotopes, light hydrocarbons - Abstract
The geologic emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) have an important natural contribution in the global carbon budget. Tectonics, through faults in geothermal and oil producing areas, play a significant role in the release of C-gases in many non-volcanic regions of the Earth. Methane, the most abundant organic compound in Earth’s atmosphere, has a potential global warming that is 28 times higher than that of CO2 on a 100-year time horizon. In this study, δ13C-CH4, δ2H-CH4 and light hydrocarbon (alkane: CH4, C2H6, C3H8, C3H6, i-C4H10, n-C4H10; alkene C3H6, iC4H8; and aromatic C6H6) gas concentration data of 119 gas samples (103 unpublished data and 16 literature data) from volcanic-hydrothermal, geothermal and cold discharges are used to shed light on the genetic processes that have formed CH4 in the complex geodynamic setting of Greece. On the basis of the spatial distribution of the gas discharges and their type of emission, the whole dataset was subdivided into 4 main “domains”, as follows: 1) Volcanic Arc (VA); 2) External Hellenides (EH); 3) Internal Hellenides (IH); 4) Hellenic Hinterland (HH). Almost each group is characterized, as long as subdivided, in 3 groups based on the type of emission (on-land free or dissolved gases and submarine gases) and a 4th group includes literature data. Concentrations of CH4 range from < 2 to 925,200 µmol/mol and its isotopic ratios cover a wide range (δ13C from -79.8 ‰ to +45 ‰; δ2H from -311 ‰ to +301 ‰) indicating the different primary sources and the secondary post-genetic processes (oxidation) that can significantly affect the origin of this gas compound. Hydrocarbons in the CH4-dominated gases discharged from the EH are showing a clear biotic origin. In particular, those collected in the Gavrovo-Tripolis zone are showing a dominating biotic origin, whereas it is also noticeable that some gas samples of the Ionian zone are produced by both microbial activity and thermal maturation of sedimentary organic matter. The CO2-dominated gas discharges from the main geothermal systems of the IH and from the VA most likely predominantly contain abiogenic CH4 deriving from CO2 reduction. However, some of the gas discharges of the geothermal and volcanic-hydrothermal systems located in the neritic sedimentary Pelagonian, Gavrovo-Tripolis and Attico-cycladic zones (IH) and in Rhodope massif (HH), seem to exhibit significant contributions from thermogenic sources. The presence of abiotic methane was also recognized in the hyperalkaline aqueous solutions that are issuing from the ophiolites of Othrys and Argolida (Pindos zone (EH)). Most of the geothermal gases of Subpelagonian and Vardar/Axios zones (IH), the cold manifestations of the Rhodope massif (HH) and some of the volcanic-hydrothermal ones of the Attico-cycladic zone (VA) are presenting a microbial oxidation of CH4.
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- 2017
49. Late Maastrichtian carbon isotope stratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy of the Newfoundland Margin (Site U1403,IODP Leg 342). Newsletters on stratigraphy
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Batenburg, S., Friedrich, O., Moriya, K., Voigt, S., Cournède, C., Moebius, I., Blum, P., Bornemann, A., Fiebig, J., Hasegawa, T., Hull, P. M., Norris, R. D., Röhl, U., Westerhold, T., Wilson, P. A., Fehr, A., Agnini, Claudia, Boulila, S., Bown, P. R., Ghosh, A. K., Hollis, C. J., Jo, K., Junium, C. K., Kaneko, M., Liebrand, D., Lippert, P. C., Liu, Z., Matsui, H., Nishi, H., Opdyke, B. N., Penman, D., Romans, B., Scher, H. D., Sexton, P., Takagi, H., Turner, S. K., Whiteside, J. H., Yamaguchi, T., and Yamamoto, Y.
- Published
- 2018
50. Belemnite Clumped Isotope Record: Mesozoic Seawater T and δ18O
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Bajnai, D., Fiebig, J., Vickers, M., Price, G. D., Wierzbowski, H., Rogov, M., Bodin, S., and Voigt, Silke
- Published
- 2018
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