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5. Clearance of Hepatitis C Viremia Associated with Cellular Immunity in the Absence of Seroconversion in the Hepatitis C Incidence and Transmission in Prisons Study Cohort

Author

Hepatitis C Incidence and Transmission in Prisons Study (HITS) Group, Post, Jeffrey J., Pan, Yong, Freeman, Anthony J., Harvey, Charles E., White, Peter A., Palladinetti, Patricia, Haber, Paul S., Marinos, George, Levy, Michael H., Kaldor, John M., Dolan, Kate A., Ffrench, Rosemary A., Lloyd, Andrew R., and Rawlinson, William D.

Published
2004

8. Dimeric IgA is a specific biomarker of recent SARS-CoV-2 infection

Author

Drummer, Heidi E, primary, Van, Huy, additional, Klock, Ethan, additional, Zheng, Shuning, additional, Wei, Zihui, additional, Boo, Irene, additional, Center, Rob J, additional, Li, Fan, additional, Bhat, Purnima, additional, Ffrench, Rosemary, additional, Lau, Jillian SY, additional, McMahon, James, additional, Laeyendecker, Oliver, additional, Fernandez, Reinaldo E., additional, Manabe, Yukari C., additional, Klein, Sabra L., additional, Quinn, Thomas C., additional, and Anderson, David A., additional

Published
2021
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21. Prevalence of production of virus-specific interferon-[gamma] among seronegative hepatitis C-resistant subjects reporting injection drug use

Author

Freeman, Anthony J., Ffrench, Rosemary A., Post, Jeffrey J., Harvey, Charles E., Gilmour, Stuart J., White, Peter A., Marinos, George, van Beek, Ingrid, Rawlinson, William D., and Lloyd, Andrew R.

Subjects
Interferon gamma -- Research, Interferon gamma -- Health aspects, Hepatitis C -- Research, Hepatitis C -- Risk factors, Intravenous drug abuse -- Research, Intravenous drug abuse -- Health aspects, Intravenous drug abuse -- Risk factors, Health
Published
2004

23. Clearance of hepatitis C viremia associated with cellular immunity in the absence of seroconversion in the hepatitis C incidence and transmission in prisons study cohort

Author

Post, Jeffrey J., Pan, Yong, Freeman, Anthony J., Harvey, Charles E., White, Peter A., Palladinetti, Patricia, Haber, Paul S., Marinos, George, Levy, Michael H., Kaldor, John M., Dolan, Kate A., Ffrench, Rosemary A., Lloyd, Andrew R., and Rawlinson, William D.

Subjects
T cells -- Health aspects, Hepatitis C virus -- Care and treatment, Hepatitis C virus -- Research, Health
Published
2004

28. Incidence of primary hepatitis C infection and risk factors for transmission in an Australian prisoner cohort

Author

Dolan Kate, Dore Gregory J, Kaldor John, Rawlinson William, Hosseiny Parastu, McCredie Luke, Scheuer Nicolas, Luciani Fabio, Teutsch Suzy, Ffrench Rosemary, Lloyd Andrew, Haber Paul, and Levy Michael

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in prisoner populations, particularly those with a history of injecting drug use (IDU). Previous studies of HCV incidence have been based on small case numbers and have not distinguished risk events in prison from those in the community. Methods HCV incidence was examined in a longitudinal cohort of 488 Australian prisoners with a history of IDU and documented to be seronegative within 12 months prior to enrolment. Inmates were tested for anti-HCV antibodies and viremia, and interviewed about demographic and behavioral risk factors for transmission. Results The cohort was predominantly male (65%) with high rates of prior imprisonment (72%) and tattooing (73%), as well as longstanding IDU (mean 8.5 years). Ninety-four incident HCV cases were identified (incidence 31.6 per 100 person years). Independent associations were observed between incident infection and prior imprisonment (p = 0.02) and tattooing (p = 0.03), and surprisingly also with methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) (p < 0.001). Conclusions High rates of new HCV infection were found in this prisoner cohort reflecting their substantive risk behavior profile, despite having remained uninfected for many years. The association with MMT is challenging and highlights the need for better understanding of prison-specific HCV transmission risks, as well as the uptake and effectiveness of prevention programs.

Published
2010
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30. Successful elevation of circulating acetate and propionate by dietary modulation does not alter T-regulatory cell or cytokine profiles in healthy humans: a pilot study.

Author

Gill, Paul A., van Zelm, Menno C., Ffrench, Rosemary A., Muir, Jane G., and Gibson, Peter R.

Subjects
CROSSOVER trials, CYTOKINES, DIETARY fiber, FLOW cytometry, GAS chromatography, INFLAMMATION, PROBABILITY theory, PROPIONATES, STATISTICAL sampling, T cells, PILOT projects, STATISTICAL significance, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, BLIND experiment, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SHORT-chain fatty acids
Abstract

Purpose: Increased circulating concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) achieved by ingestion of high-fibre diets is associated with anti-inflammatory effects through promotion of FoxP3+ regulatory T(reg) cells in mouse models. This study aimed to determine whether similar increments in blood SCFA levels can be achieved in humans and whether these are associated with similar immune modulatory effects. Methods: In a pilot single-blinded, randomised, controlled cross-over study in ten healthy subjects, the effects were determined of high- (39 g/day) and low-fibre (18 g/day) intake (all food provided) on SCFA (gas chromatography), proportions of Treg cells (flow cytometry) and a panel of cytokines (multiplex methodology) measured in peripheral blood at day 5 of each diet. Results: Actual fibre intake differed between the diets by 19 [16–21] g/day (P< 0.001). Median [range] total plasma SCFA levels with high-fibre intake were 174.5 [104.8–249.5] µmol/L, which were greater than those associated with low-fibre intake at 59.0 [26.5–79.9] (P < 0.001). Differences were significantly different for both acetate and propionate. The frequencies of total CD4 T cells and T-regulatory cells, and concentrations of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were not significantly different between the dietary interventions. Conclusions: Plasma SCFA levels can be modulated by altering dietary fibre consumption in healthy individuals with increments similar to those achieved in murine studies. Five days of diet intervention did not result in changes in regulatory T-cell proportions and cytokine concentrations in peripheral blood, and may require longer duration of dietary change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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32. XIII International AIDS Conference, Durban, 9-14 July, 2000

Author

Ziegler, John B. and Ffrench, Rosemary A.

Subjects
Africa -- Health aspects, International Conference on AIDS -- 2000 AD, AIDS (Disease) -- Conferences, meetings and seminars, Health
Abstract

A description is presented of the events which took place at the XIII International AIDS Conference held in Durban, South Africa in July 2000. The prevention of the disease and trends in mortality are discussed.

Published
2000

34. Incidence of primary hepatitis C infection and risk factors for transmission in an Australian prisoner cohort

Author

Teutsch, Suzy, Luciani, Fabio, Scheuer, Nicolas, McCredie, Luke, Hosseiny, Parastu, Rawlinson, William, Kaldor, John, Dore, Gregory, Dolan, Kate, Ffrench, Rosemary, Lloyd, Andrew, Haber, Paul, Levy, Michael, Teutsch, Suzy, Luciani, Fabio, Scheuer, Nicolas, McCredie, Luke, Hosseiny, Parastu, Rawlinson, William, Kaldor, John, Dore, Gregory, Dolan, Kate, Ffrench, Rosemary, Lloyd, Andrew, Haber, Paul, and Levy, Michael

Abstract

Background. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in prisoner populations, particularly those with a history of injecting drug use (IDU). Previous studies of HCV incidence have been based on small case numbers and have not distinguished risk events

Published
2010

35. Detection of HCV-Specific IFN-γ Responses in HCV Antibody and HCV RNA Negative Injecting Drug Users

Author

Flynn, Jacqueline K, primary, Sacks-Davis, Rachel, additional, Higgs, Peter, additional, Aitken, Campbell, additional, Moneer, Sarah, additional, Suppiah, Vijay, additional, Tracy, Lilly, additional, Ffrench, Rosemary, additional, Bowden, Scott, additional, Drummer, Heidi, additional, George, Jacob, additional, Bharadwaj, Mandvi, additional, and Hellard, Margaret, additional

Published
2014
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36. Microtransfusion and viral exposure in infants born to HIV-infected women

Author

Ziegler, John, Women's & Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Ffrench, Rosemary, Viral Immunology Group, Burnet Institute, Warning, Julia Carolyn, Women's & Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Ziegler, John, Women's & Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Ffrench, Rosemary, Viral Immunology Group, Burnet Institute, and Warning, Julia Carolyn, Women's & Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW

Abstract

Introduction: Mechanisms facilitating mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV have not been elucidated. Small quantities of blood pass from mother to infant during childbirth, termed 'microtransfusion'; this is one possible mechanism for HIV entry into the infant's circulation. HIV-specific cellular immune responses have been detected in some uninfected infants born to HIV-infected women, indicating transient virus exposure or replication in these infants. Both microtransfusion and HIV-specific immune responses in infants born to HIV-infected women has not previously been investigated. Methods: 46 uninfected infants born to HIV-infected women were included in this study. Infants were grouped according to interventions utilised by the mother: none or antiretroviral therapy (ART; group A, n = 16), ART with elective caesarean section (elCS; group B, n = 12), highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) only (group C, n = 7), and HAART with elCS (group D, n = 11). HLA-A and -B alleles were typed for all mother-baby pairs to identify the non-inherited maternal allele (NIMA). Microtransfusion was detected using flow cytometry or by qPCR targeting the NIMA. HIV-specific immune responses were detected using 51Cr-release and IFN- ELISpot assays.Results: Microtransfusion was detected in umbilical cord blood of 9 of 11 infants, and in peripheral blood of 4 of 11 infants up to 1 week old. One infant without detectable microtransfusion in umbilical cord blood had detectable maternal cells in peripheral blood. 8/46 infants had HIV-specific T cell responses, 5 were in group A, 2 in group B, and 1 in group C, while no infants in group D had detectable responses (p = 0.04). Blood samples from 2 of these 8 infants were also available for the analysis of microtransfusion. Microtransfused maternal cells were present in the umbilical cord blood of both infants.Conclusion: In this study, the number of infants with HIV-specific immune responses decreased with the use of MTCT interve

Published
2008

37. Development of a synthetic consensus sequence scrambled antigen HIV-1 vaccine designed for global use

Author

Thomson, Scott, Jaramillo, Angel B, Shoobridge, Maryanne, Dunstan, Kerrie J, Everett, Beth, Kent, Stephen J, Gao, Ke, Medveczky, C, Ffrench, Rosemary A, Ramshaw, Ian, Ranasinghe, Charani, Thomson, Scott, Jaramillo, Angel B, Shoobridge, Maryanne, Dunstan, Kerrie J, Everett, Beth, Kent, Stephen J, Gao, Ke, Medveczky, C, Ffrench, Rosemary A, Ramshaw, Ian, and Ranasinghe, Charani

Abstract

Induction of high levels of broadly reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) remains a promising approach for an effective HIV-1 vaccine. We have developed a novel genetic-based vaccine strategy that encodes consensus overlapping peptide sets from all HIV-1 proteins scrambled together. This synthetic scrambled antigen vaccine (SAVINE) strategy has significant advantages, e.g. capacity to encode more antigens safely and is very flexible compared to traditional isolate-based strategies. The SAVINE vaccine strategy is clearly immunogenic, being able to restimulate a range of human HIV-1 specific responses in vitro and induce HIV-1 specific immunity in vivo in mice. Interestingly, different in vivo delivery strategies affected the resulting immunity and immunodominance pattern in mice. This platform strategy could be used for other infections and cancers where T cell responses are important for protection.

Published
2005

38. Incidence of primary hepatitis C infection and risk factors for transmission in an Australian prisoner cohort

Author

Teutsch, Suzy, primary, Luciani, Fabio, additional, Scheuer, Nicolas, additional, McCredie, Luke, additional, Hosseiny, Parastu, additional, Rawlinson, William, additional, Kaldor, John, additional, Dore, Gregory J, additional, Dolan, Kate, additional, Ffrench, Rosemary, additional, Lloyd, Andrew, additional, Haber, Paul, additional, and Levy, Michael, additional

Published
2010
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48. Therapeutic Vaccination with p24-VLP and Zidovudine Augments HIV-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Activity in Asymptomatic HIV-Infected Individuals

Author

Benson, Elizabeth M., primary, Clarkson, Janett, additional, Law, Matthew, additional, Marshall, Philip, additional, Kelleher, Anthony D., additional, Smith, Don E., additional, Patou, Gary, additional, Stewart, Graeme J., additional, Cooper, David A., additional, and Ffrench, Rosemary A., additional

Published
1999
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