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7. Sugar and low/no-calorie-sweetened beverage consumption and associations with body weight and waist circumference changes in five European cohort studies: The SWEET project

Author

Buso, M.E.C., Brouwer-Brolsma, E.M., Naomi, N.D., Ngo, J., Soedamah-Muthu, S.S., Mavrogianni, C., Harrold, J.A., Halford, J.C.G., Raben, A., Geleijnse, J., Mannios, Y., Serra-Majem, L., Feskens, E J M, Buso, M.E.C., Brouwer-Brolsma, E.M., Naomi, N.D., Ngo, J., Soedamah-Muthu, S.S., Mavrogianni, C., Harrold, J.A., Halford, J.C.G., Raben, A., Geleijnse, J., Mannios, Y., Serra-Majem, L., and Feskens, E J M

Abstract

Purpose Results of prospective studies investigating associations between low/no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS) and body weight-related outcomes are inconclusive. We conducted dose-response and theoretical replacement individual patient data meta-analyses using harmonised prospective data to evaluate associations between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption, low/no-calorie sweetened beverage (LNCB) consumption, and changes in body weight and waist circumference. Methods Individual participant data were obtained from five European studies, i.e., Lifelines Cohort Study, NQplus study, Alpha Omega Cohort, Predimed-Plus study, and Feel4diabetes study, including 82,719 adults aged 18-89 with follow-up between 1 and 9 years. Consumption of SSB and LNCB was assessed using food-frequency questionnaires. Multiple regression analyses adjusting for major confounders and including substitution models were conducted to quantify associations in individual cohorts; random-effects meta-analyses were performed to pool individual estimates. Results Overall, pooled results showed weak adverse associations between SSB consumption and changes in body weight (+ 0.02 kg/y, 95%CI 0.00; 0.04) and waist circumference (+ 0.03 cm/y, 95%CI 0.01; 0.05). LNCB consumption was associated with higher weight gain (+ 0.06 kg/y, 95%CI 0.04; 0.08) but not with waist circumference. No clear associations were observed for any theoretical replacements, i.e., LNCB or water for SSB or water for LNCB. Conclusion In conclusion, this analysis of five European studies found a weak positive association between SSB consumption and weight and waist change, whilst LNCB consumption was associated with weight change only. Theoretical substitutions did not show any clear association. Thus, the benefit of LNCBs as an alternative to SSBs remains unclear.

Published
2023

9. Alcoholic beverage preference and diabetes incidence across Europe: the Consortium on Health and Ageing Network of Cohorts in Europe and the United States (CHANCES) project

Author

Sluik, D, Jankovic, N, Hughes, M, O'Doherty, M G, Schöttker, B, Drygas, W, Rolandsson, O, Männistö, S, Ordóñez-Mena, J M, Ferrieres, J, Bamia, C, de Gaetano, G, Kiefte-De Jong, J C, Franco, O H, Sluijs, I, Spijkerman, A M W, Sans, S, Eriksson, S, Kromhout, D, Trichopoulou, A, Wilsgaard, T, Brenner, H, Kuulasmaa, K, Laatikainen, T, Söderberg, S, Iacoviello, L, Boffetta, P, Kee, F, and Feskens, E J M

Published
2017
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12. Associations between company at dinner and daily diet quality in Dutch men and women from the NQplus study

Author

van Lee, L, Geelen, A, Hooft van Huysduynen, E J C, de Vries, J H M, van 't Veer, P, and Feskens, E J M

Subjects
Nutrition -- Product/Service Evaluations, Suppers -- Social aspects -- Quality management -- Health aspects, Diet -- Social aspects -- Quality management -- Health aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Background/Objectives: Consuming the evening meal in the company of others has been associated with overall diet quality. Nevertheless, studies on the association between type of company at dinner and diet quality in adults are scarce. Subjects/Methods: Dutch men (n=895) and women (n=845) aged between 20 and 70 years, included in a population-based observational study, were studied. Dietary intake was assessed by multiple 24-h recalls (6013 recalls) to estimate the Dutch Healthy Diet index (0-80 points) representing daily diet quality. Sex-specific linear mixed models adjusting for covariates were calculated. Out-of-home dinners and company at dinner were strongly associated (r=0.66), and hence in additional analyses, out-of-home dinners were excluded to avoid multicollinearity. Results: Among men, daily diet quality was similar when dinners were consumed in company or consumed alone, but higher when dinner was accompanied by family (mean 46.0, s.e. 0.3) than when dinner was accompanied by others (mean 42.3, s.e. 0.7; P=0.001). Adjustment for dinner location attenuated this association, but it remained significant when excluding out-of-home dinners. Among women, daily diet quality was lower when dinner was consumed in company (mean 48.9, s.e. 0.3) than when consumed alone (mean 51.1, s.e. 0.6; P Conclusions: Only among women, dinners consumed alone as compared with dinners in company were associated with higher diet quality. In both men and women, dinners consumed with family were associated with higher diet quality as compared with dinners with others., Author(s): L van Lee [sup.1] , A Geelen [sup.1] , E J C Hooft van Huysduynen [sup.1] , J H M de Vries [sup.1] , P van 't Veer [sup.1] [...]

Published
2016
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16. Arterial stiffness is not associated with bone parameters in an elderly hyperhomocysteinemic population

Author

van Dijk, S. C., de Jongh, R. T., Enneman, A. W., Ham, A. C., Swart, K. M. A., van Wijngaarden, J. P., van der Zwaluw, N. L., Brouwer-Brolsma, E. M., van Schoor, N. M., Dhonukshe-Rutten, R. A. M., Lips, P., de Groot, C. P. G. M., Smulders, Y. M., Blom, H. J., Feskens, E. J., Geleijnse, J. M., van den Meiracker, A. H., Mattace Raso, F. U. S., Uitterlinden, A. G., Zillikens, M. C., and van der Velde, N.

Published
2016
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17. Physical fitness, activity and hand-grip strength are not associated with arterial stiffness in older individuals

Author

van Dijk, S. C., Swart, K. M. A., Ham, A. C., Enneman, A. W., van Wijngaarden, J. P., Feskens, E. J., Geleijnse, J. M., de Jongh, R. T., Blom, H. J., Dhonukshe-Rutten, R. A. M., de Groot, L. C. P. G. M., van Schoor, N. M., Lips, P., Uitterlinden, A. G., Mattace Raso, F. U. S., Smulders, Y. M., van den Meiracker, A. H., and van der Velde, N.

Published
2015
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18. Consumption of fatty foods and incident type 2 diabetes in populations from eight European countries

Author

Buijsse, B, Boeing, H, Drogan, D, Schulze, M B, Feskens, E J, Amiano, P, Barricarte, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, de Lauzon-Guillain, B, Fagherazzi, G, Fonseca-Nunes, A, Franks, P W, Huerta, J M, Jakobsen, M U, Kaaks, R, Key, T J, Khaw, K T, Masala, G, Moskal, A, Nilsson, P M, Overvad, K, Pala, V, Panico, S, Redondo, M L, Ricceri, F, Rolandsson, O, Sánchez, M-J, Sluijs, I, Spijkerman, A M, Tjonneland, A, Tumino, R, van der A, D L, van der Schouw, Y T, Langenberg, C, Sharp, S J, Forouhi, N G, Riboli, E, and Wareham, N J

Published
2015
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20. Additional file 1 of Evaluating ���Power 4 a Healthy Pregnancy��� (P4HP) ��� protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial and process evaluation to empower pregnant women towards improved diet quality

Author

van Lonkhuijzen, R. M. Renske, Cremers, S. Susanne, de Vries, J. H. M. Jeanne, Feskens, E. J. M. Edith, and Wagemakers, M. A. E. Annemarie

Abstract

Additional file 1. Completed SPIRIT guidelines checklist for this P4HP cluster randomized trial protocol article.

Published
2022
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26. Associations between dietary factors and markers of NAFLD in a general Dutch adult population

Author

Rietman, A, Sluik, D, Feskens, E J M, Kok, F J, and Mensink, M

Subjects
Liver diseases -- Physiological aspects, Fatty liver -- Measurement, Diet -- Health aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Background/Objectives: The objective of this sudy was to assess the relationship between dietary intake and fatty liver as scored by the validated Fatty Liver Index (FLI) in a large cross-sectional study among a general Dutch adult population. Diet is known to affect liver fat accumulation in humans. Subjects/Methods: 1128 men and women aged 20-70 years were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. FLI was derived from body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triglycerides and gamma-glutamyltransferase. Associations were adjusted for energy intake, alcohol intake, age, sex, education, smoking and prevalence of hypertension and diabetes. Results: In this population (mean age 53.0[+ or -]11.4 years; BMI 25.9[+ or -]4.0 kg/m[sup.2]; FLI 35.0[+ or -]27.7), the prevalence of fatty liver as indicated by an FLI [greater than] 60 was 21.5%. Subjects in the highest FLI category were more likely to be male, older and less physically active. Total protein intake and animal protein intake were positively associated with the highest FLI score versus the lowest (odds ratio (OR) 1.25 per 1 en%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-1.37 and OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.17-1.38, respectively); for vegetable protein, an inverse association was observed (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.69-0.94). A similar positive association with FLI was observed when carbohydrates and fat were iso-calorically exchanged for total and animal proteins. Conclusions: Subjects in the high FLI group consumed more protein, especially from animal origin, less carbohydrates and less dietary fibre. The presence of fatty liver was associated with a higher intake of animal protein and total fat, soft drinks and snacks. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2018) 72, 117-123; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2017.148; published online 13 September 2017, Author(s): A Rietman [1]; D Sluik [1]; E J M Feskens [1]; F J Kok [1]; M Mensink [1] Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the accumulation of triglycerides within [...]

Published
2018
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27. Vitamin D: do we get enough?: A discussion between vitamin D experts in order to make a step towards the harmonisation of dietary reference intakes for vitamin D across Europe

Author

Brouwer-Brolsma, E. M., Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A., Bouillon, R., Feskens, E. J. M., Gallagher, C. J., Hypponen, E., Llewellyn, D. J., Stoecklin, E., Dierkes, J., Kies, A. K., Kok, F. J., Lamberg-Allardt, C., Moser, U., Pilz, S., Saris, W. H., van Schoor, N. M., Weber, P., Witkamp, R., Zittermann, A., and de Groot, L. C. P. G. M.

Published
2013
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28. Fruit and vegetable intake and type 2 diabetes: EPIC-InterAct prospective study and meta-analysis

Author

Cooper, A J, Forouhi, N G, Ye, Z, Buijsse, B, Arriola, L, Balkau, B, Barricarte, A, Beulens, J W J, Boeing, H, Büchner, F L, Dahm, C C, de Lauzon-Guillain, B, Fagherazzi, G, Franks, P W, Gonzalez, C, Grioni, S, Kaaks, R, Key, T J, Masala, G, Navarro, C, Nilsson, P, Overvad, K, Panico, S, Ramón Quirós, J, Rolandsson, O, Roswall, N, Sacerdote, C, Sánchez, M-J, Slimani, N, Sluijs, I, Spijkerman, A M W, Teucher, B, Tjonneland, A, Tumino, R, Sharp, S J, Langenberg, C, Feskens, E J M, Riboli, E, and Wareham, N J

Published
2012
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29. Working group on epidemiology & prevention of the european society of cardiology: Proceedings of meeting held at Shannon May 14th–17th, 1998

Author

Sullivan, P. A., Murphy, D., Sullivan, P. A., Keogh, S., Sullivan, P. A., Nash, P., Kaarisalo, M. M., Marttila, J., Immonen-Raiha, P., Salomaa, V., Torppa, J., Tuomilehto, J., Siani, A., Racone, R., Ragone, E., Stinga, F., Strazzullol, P., Cappuccio, F. P., Trevisan, M., Farinaro, E., Mellone, C., Fox, K. F., Cowie, M. R., Wood, D. A., Coats, A. J., Poole Wilson, P. A., Sutton, G. C., Yarnell, J., Sweetnam, P., Thomas, H., Piwonski, J., Piotrowski, W., Pytlak, A., Wannamethee, S. G., Shaper, A. G., Walker, M., Sharpe, P. C., Young, I. S., Hasselwander, O., McMaster, D., Mercer, C., McGrath, L. T., Evans, A. E., Thomas, F., Guize, L., Ducimetiere, P., Benetos, A., Rosolova, H., Simon, J., Mayer, O., Sefrna, F., Mayer, O., Šimon, J., Rosolova, H., Racek, J., Trefil, L., Marin-Tarlea, M., Carp, C., Apetrei, E., Ginghina, C., Serban, I., Florica, N., Ceck, C., Patrascoiu, M., Ginghina, C., Carp, C., Apetrei, E., Tarlea, M., Cioranu, R., Florica, N., Ceck, C., Vaduva, M., Mihaescu, D., Lapadat, M., Ashton, W. D., Wood, D., Nanchahahal, K., Kelleher, C. C., Brennan, P. J., Howarth, D., Meade, T. W., Kelleher, C. C., Fallon, U. B., McCarthy, U., O’Donnell, M. M. K., Dineen, B., Jousilahti, P., Vartiainen, E., Tuomilehto, J., Puska, P., Kastarinen, M., Nissinen, A., Salomaa, V., Vartiainen, E., Jousilahti, P., Tuomilehto, J., Puska, P., Rosengren, A., Wedel, H., Wilhelmsen, L., Liese, A. D., Hense, H. W., Keil, U., Keil, U., Liese, A. D., Hense, H. W., Filipiak, B., Döring, A., Stieber, J., Lowel, H., De Laet, C., Brasseur, D., Kahn, A., Wautrecht, J. C., Decuyper, J., Boeynaems, J. M., Jousilahti, P., Vartiainen, E., Tuomilehto, J., Sundvall, J., Puska, P., Marques-Vidal, P., Ferrières, J., Haas, B., Evans, A., Amouyel, P., Luc, G., Ducimetiere, P., Marques-Vidal, P., Ferrieres, J., Arveiler, D., Montaye, M., Evans, A., Ducimetiere, P., Fuentes, R., Notkola, I. -L., Shemeikka, S., Tuomilehto, J., Nissinen, A., Mak, R., De BacquerBacquer, D., De Backer, G., Stam, M., Koyuncu, R., de Smet, P., Kornitzer, M., Braeckman, L., De Backer, G., De Bacquer, D., Claeys, L., Delanghe, J., De Bacquer, D., Kornitzer, M., De Backer, G., Cífkova, R., Pit’ha, J., Červenka, L., Šejda, T., Lanska, V., Škodová, Z., Stavek, P., Poledne, R., Cífková, R., Duskova, A., Hauserová, G., Hejl, Z., Lánská, V., Škodova, Z., Pistulková, H., Poledne, R., Hubáček, J., Pit’ha, J., Stávek, P., Lánská, V., Cífková, R., Faleiro, L. L., Rodrigues, D., Fonseca, A., Martins, M. C., Norris, R. M., Nyyssönen, K., Seppänen, K., Salonen, R., Kantola, M., Salonen, J. T., Parviainen, M. T., De Henauw, S., Myny, K., Doyen, Z., Van Oyen, H., Tafforeau, J., Kornitzer, M., De Backer, G., Benetos, A., Thomas, F., Guize, L., Immonen-Räihä, P., Kaarisalo, M., Marttila, R. J., Torppa, J., Tuomilehto, J., Houterman, S., Hofman, B., Witteman, J. C. M., Verschuren, W. M. M., van de Vijver, L. P. L., Kardinaal, A. F. M., Grobbee, D. E., van Poppel, G., Princen, H. M. G., Kornitzer, M., Doven, M., Koyuncu, R., De Bacquer, D., Myny, K., De Backer, G., Tafforeau, J., Van Oven, H., Doyen, M., Koyuncu, R., Kornitzer, M., De Bacquer, D., Myny, K., De Backer, G., Tafforeau, J., Van Oyen, H., de Bree, A., Verschuren, W. M. M., Blom, H. J., Mulder, I., Smit, H. A., Menotti, A., Kromhout, D., Van den Hoogen, P. C. W., Hofman, A., Witteman, J. C. M., Feskens, E. J. M., Štika, L., Bruthans, J., Wierzbicka, M., Bolinska, H., Voutilainen, S., Nyyssönen, K., Salonen, R., Lakka, T. A., Salonen, J. T., Lakka, H -M., Lakka, T. A., Salonen, J. T., Tuomainen, T-P., Nyyssonen, K., Salonen, J. T., Punnonen, K., Yarnell, J., Patterson, C., Thomas, H., Sweetnam, P., Smith, W. C. S., Campbell, S. E., Cardy, A., Phillips, D. O., Helms, P. J., Squair, J., Smith, W. C. S., Cardy, A., Phillips, D. O., Helms, P. J., Squair, J., Smith, W. C. S., Cardy, A., Phillips, D. O., Helms, P. J., Squair, J., Pytlak, A., Piotrowski, W., Rywik, S., Waskiewicz, A., Sygnowska, E., Szczesniewska, D., Sygnowska, E., Waskiewicz, A., Wagrowska, H., Polakowska, M., Rywik, S., Broda, G., Jasinski, B., Piotrowski, W., Elandt-Johnson, R. C., Wagrowska, H., Kupsé, W., Szczesniewska, D., Platonov, D. Y., Haapanen, N., Miilunpalo, S., Vuori, I., Pasanen, M., Oja, P., Urponen, H., Kopp, M. S., Skrabski, A., Szedmák, S., Boaz, M., Biro, A., Katzir, Z., Matas, T., Smetana, S., Green, M., Whincup, P. H., Morris, R., Walker, M., Lennon, L., Thomson, A., Ebrahim, S. J. B., Refsum, H., Ueland, P. M., Perry, I. J., Boer, J. M. A., Kuivenhoven, J. A., Feskens, E. J. M., Schouten, E. G., Havekes, L. M., Seidell, J. C., Kastelein, J. J. P., Kromhout, D., Oomen, C. M., Feskens, E. J. M., Rasanen, L., Nissinen, A., Fidanza, F., Menotti, A., Kok, F. J., Kromhout, D., Sileikiene, L., Klambienne, J., Milasauskiene, Z., Cappuccio, F. P., Siani, A., Barba, G., Russo, L., Ragone, E., Strazzullo, P., Farinaro, E., Trevisan, M., Schnohr, P., Parner, J., Lange, P., Meleady, R., Graham, I. M., Ueland, P. M., Refsum, H., Blom, H., Whitehead, A. S., Daly, L. E., Stefanovic, B., Boskovic, D., Mitrovic, P., Perunicic, J., Vukcevic, V., Radovanovic, N., Terzic, B., Mrdovic, I., Orilc, D., Matic, G., Vasiljevic, Z., Mitrovic, P., Boskovic, D., Stefanovic, B., Perunicic, J., Vukcevic, V., Mrdovic, I., Radovanovic, N., Orlic, D., Matic, G., Milentijevic, B., Rajic, D., Mitrovic, N., Boskovic, S., Vasiljevic, Z., Marin-Tarlea, M., Carp, C., Apetrei, E., Serban, I., Ceck, C., Patrascsoiu, M., Florica, N., Mihaescu, D., Murphy, C., Meleady, R., Ingram, S., Love, J., Graham, I., Graham, I. M., Meleady, R., van Berkel, T. F. M., Deckers, J. W., and De Bacquer, D.

Published
1998
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36. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN A HEALTHY DIET ACCORDING TO WHO GUIDELINES AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN ELDERLY, THE CHANCES PROJECT: O153

Author

Jankovic, N., Geelen, A., Kampman, E., de Groot, C P., Pikhart, H., Huangfu, P., Bofetta, P., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B., Kee, F., OʼDoherty, M., Franco, O H., van den, Hooven EH., Rooij van, F., Trichopoulou, A., Orfanos, P., Tjønneland, A., González, C A., Hallmanns, G., Peeters, P H, Park, Y., Pajak, A., Malyutina, S., Kubinova, R., and Feskens, E J.

Published
2013

37. Alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in European men and women: influence of beverage type and body sizeThe EPIC–InterAct study

Author

Beulens, J. W. J., van der Schouw, Y. T., Bergmann, M. M., Rohrmann, S., Schulze, M. B., Buijsse, B., Grobbee, D. E., Arriola, L., Cauchi, S., Tormo, M.-J., Allen, N. E., van der A, D. L., Balkau, B., Boeing, H., Clavel-Chapelon, F., de Lauzon-Guillan, B., Franks, P., Froguel, P., Gonzales, C., Halkjær, J., Huerta, J. M., Kaaks, R., Key, T. J., Khaw, K. T., Krogh, V., Molina-Montes, E., Nilsson, P., Overvad, K., Palli, D., Panico, S., Quirós, Ramón J., Ronaldsson, O., Romieu, I., Romaguera, D., Sacerdote, C., Sánchez, M.-J., Spijkerman, A. M. W., Teucher, B., Tjonneland, A., Tumino, R., Sharp, S., Forouhi, N. G., Langenberg, C., Feskens, E. J. M., Riboli, E., and Wareham, N. J.

Published
2012
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41. Evaluating 'Power 4 a Healthy Pregnancy' (P4HP) - protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial and process evaluation to empower pregnant women towards improved diet quality.

Author

van Lonkhuijzen, R. M. Renske, Cremers, S. Susanne, de Vries, J. H. M. Jeanne, Feskens, E. J. M. Edith, Wagemakers, M. A. E. Annemarie, van Lonkhuijzen, Renske M, Cremers, Susanne, de Vries, Jeanne H M, Feskens, Edith J M, and Wagemakers, Annemarie

Subjects
NUTRITION in pregnancy, DIET, NUTRITIONAL requirements, MIDWIFERY, HEALTH promotion, SELF-efficacy, PREGNANCY
Abstract

Background: In general during pregnancy, women are aware of the importance of good diet quality, interested in nutrition, and receptive to changing dietary intake. However, adherence to dietary guidelines is sub-optimal. A pregnant woman's first information source regarding nutrition information is her midwife. Healthy nutrition promotion by midwives may therefore be very promising, but midwives face multiple barriers in providing nutritional support. Empowering pregnant women to improve their diet quality is expected to improve their health. Therefore an empowerment intervention has been developed to improve diet quality among pregnant women. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of Power 4 a Healthy Pregnancy (P4HP). P4HP aims to empower pregnant women to have a healthier diet quality.Methods/design: This study applies a mixed methodology consisting of a non-blinded cluster randomized trial with an intervention (P4HP) group and a control group and a process evaluation. Midwifery practices, the clusters, will be randomly allocated to the intervention arm (n = 7) and control arm (n = 7). Participating women are placed in intervention or control conditions based on their midwifery practice. Each midwifery practice includes 25 pregnant women, making 350 participants in total. Health related outcomes, diet quality, empowerment, Sense of Coherence, Quality of Life, and Self-Rated Health of participants will be assessed before (T0) and after (T1) the intervention. The process evaluation focuses on multidisciplinary collaboration, facilitators, and barriers, and consists of in-depth interviews with midwives, dieticians and pregnant women.Discussion: This study is the first to evaluate an empowerment intervention to improve diet quality in this target population. This mixed method evaluation will contribute to knowledge about the effectiveness and feasibility regarding diet quality, empowerment, health-related outcomes, multidisciplinary collaboration, facilitators and barriers of the empowerment intervention P4HP. Results will help inform how to empower pregnant women to achieve improved diet quality by midwives and dieticians. If proven effective, P4HP has the potential to be implemented nationally and scaled up to a long-term trajectory from preconception to the postnatal phase.Trial Registration: The trial is prospectively registered at the Netherlands Trial Register ( NL9551 ). Date registered: 19/05/2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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46. Mediterranean-style diet improves systolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness in older adults

Author

Jennings, A., Berendsen, A. M., de Groot, Lisette CPGM, Feskens, E. J. M., Brzozowska, A., Sicinska, E., Pietruszka, B., Meunier, N., Caumon, E., Malpuech Brugère, Corinne, Santoro, A., Ostan, R., Franceschi, C., Gillings, R., CM, O' Neill, Fairweather-Tait, S. J., Minihane, A. M., and Cassidy, A.

Subjects
Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Alimentation et Nutrition, Food and Nutrition, Cardiologie et système cardiovasculaire, aging, blood pressure, potassium, pulse wave velocity, sodium
Abstract

We aimed to determine the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet, tailored to meet dietary recommendations for older adults, on blood pressure and arterial stiffness. In 12 months, randomized controlled trial (NU-AGE [New Dietary Strategies Addressing the Specific Needs of Elderly Population for Healthy Aging in Europe]), blood pressure was measured in 1294 healthy participants, aged 65 to 79 years, recruited from 5 European centers, and arterial stiffness in a subset of 225 participants. The intervention group received individually tailored standardized dietary advice and commercially available foods to increase adherence to a Mediterranean diet. The control group continued on their habitual diet and was provided with current national dietary guidance. In the 1142 participants who completed the trial (88.2%), after 1 year the intervention resulted in a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (-5.5 mm Hg; 95% CI, -10.7 to -0.4; P=0.03), which was evident in males (-9.2 mm Hg, P=0.02) but not females (-3.1 mm Hg, P=0.37). The -1.7 mm Hg (95% CI, -4.3 to 0.9) decrease in diastolic pressure after intervention did not reach statistical significance. In a subset (n=225), augmentation index, a measure of arterial stiffness, was improved following intervention (-12.4; 95% CI, -24.4 to -0.5; P=0.04) with no change in pulse wave velocity. The intervention also resulted in an increase in 24-hour urinary potassium (8.8 mmol/L; 95% CI, 0.7-16.9; P=0.03) and in male participants (52%) a reduction in pulse pressure (-6.1 mm Hg; 95% CI, -12.0 to -0.2; P=0.04) and 24-hour urinary sodium (-27.1 mmol/L; 95% CI, -53.3 to -1.0; P=0.04). In conclusion, a Mediterranean-style diet is effective in improving cardiovascular health with clinically relevant reductions in blood pressure and arterial stiffness.

Published
2019

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